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  Paul Traub Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago April 16, 2014

Economic Update CFA of West Michigan

Billions Chained $2009, % Change Q/Q at SAAR

!10.0%

!5.0%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

35.0%

12,000%

12,500%

13,000%

13,500%

14,000%

14,500%

15,000%

15,500%

16,000%

16,500%

'00% '01% '02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

$%Billions%

Q4%‘07%$14,996%

Q4%‘13%$15,942%

Q2%‘09%$14,357%

April 16, 2014 1 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Q4%‘13%2.6%%

U.S. Real GDP

Q4%‘08%!8.3%%

Percent%

Source:%U.S.%Bureau%of%Economic%Analysis%

April 16, 2014 2 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Real U.S. GDP Q3%&%Q4%2013%!%Percent%Change%Q/Q%!%SAAR%

GDP%grew%2.6%%!%Q4/Q3%‘13%ContribuSon%to%%%Change%!%SAAR%

!1.0%

!0.3%

0.7%

1.0%

2.2%

2.6%

!2.0% !1.0% 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0%

Government%

Res.%Investment%

Nonres.%Invest.%

Net%Exports%

PCE%

Real%GDP%

Source:%U.S.%Bureau%of%Economic%Analysis%

!5.2%

1.3%

9.5%

5.7%

!7.9%

3.3%

2.6%

0.4%

2.4%

3.9%

4.8%

10.3%

2.0%

4.1%

!10.0% !5.0% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%

Government%

Imports%

Exports%

Nonres.%Invest.%

Res.%Invest.%

PCE%

GDP%

Q3%'13% Q4%'13%

But%the%Growth%Rate%Decelerated%Q4%‘13%vs.%Q3%‘13%

April 16, 2014 3 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

21.6% 23.5%

29.5%33.8%

45.2%

16.1%

6.3% 7.5%

1.5%

20.2%

5.1%

!2.4%!10.0%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

GDP% ConsumpSon% Investment% Exports% Imports% Government%

Average%'60%!%'01% 2007%Recession%

Recession Comparisons – GDP by Sector Percent Change 24 Quarters After the Start of the Recession

Percent%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%data%from%the%BEA%

April 16, 2014 4 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

23.5%

42.4%

16.6%

23.9%

7.5%

18.4%

5.9% 6.8%

!10.0%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

ConsumpSon% Durables% Nondurables% Services%

Average%'60%!%'01% 2007%Recession%

Recession Comparisons – PCE by Category Percent Change 24 Quarters After the Start of the Recession

Percent%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%data%from%the%BEA%

April 16, 2014 5 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

29.5% 28.3%23.1%

1.5% 1.2%

!16.7%!20.0%

!10.0%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

Investment% NonresidenSal% ResidenSal%

Average%'60%!%'01% 2007%Recession%

Recession Comparisons – Private Investment Percent Change 24 Quarters After the Start of the Recession

Percent%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%data%from%the%BEA%

April 16, 2014 6 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

16.1%11.3%

29.5%

18.8% 18.4%

!2.4%

3.6%

!1.0% !3.0%

!14.8%!20.0%

!10.0%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

Total%Government%

Federal%ConsumpSon%

Federal%Investment%

State%&%Local%ConsumpSon%

State%&%Local%Investment%

Average%'60%!%'01% 2007%Recession%

Recession Comparisons – Government Percent Change 24 Quarters After the Start of the Recession

Percent%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%data%from%the%BEA%

April 16, 2014 7 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

U.S. Energy Trade Gas, Oil and Petroleum & Coal Products - Index, 2002 = 100 and Ratio

12.7%

7.1%

3.4% 3.1%2.5%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

0%

200%

400%

600%

800%

1,000%

1,200%

1,400%

1,600%

'02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% Feb%'13%

Feb%'14%

Imports%/%Exports%RaSo%(Right)% Exports%(Le`)% Imports%(Le`)%

YTD%

1,399%

333%

April 16, 2014 8 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Retail Sales

Source:%U.S.%Census%Bureau,%InflaSon%adjusted%using%CPI%!%All%Urban%Consumers%

Retail Sales and Food Services - Billions of Dollars, Percent Change M/M

!1.00%

!0.50%

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

410.0%

415.0%

420.0%

425.0%

430.0%

435.0%

440.0%

Jan%'13%

Feb% Mar% Apr% May% Jun% Jul% Aug% Sep% Oct% Nov% Dec% Jan%'14%

Feb% Mar% Apr%

M/M%%%Chg.% Real%Retail%Sales%

$Billions%

Mar ’14 433.9

1.1

Percent%

April 16, 2014 9 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

U.S. Light Vehicle Sales Millions of Units - SAAR

15.2%

15.8%16.0%

16.3%

15.3% 15.2% 15.3%

16.3%

12.0%

13.0%

14.0%

15.0%

16.0%

17.0%

Jan%'13%

Feb% Mar% Apr% May% Jun% Jul% Aug% Sep% Oct% Nov% Dec% Jan%'14%

Feb% Mar%

Millions%

Source:%Ward’s%Auto%Data%and%BEA%Seasonal%Factors%

April 16, 2014 10 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Industrial Production Index

Source:%U.S.%Census%Bureau,%InflaSon%adjusted%using%CPI%!%All%Urban%Consumers%

Index 2007 = 100, Percent Change M/M

!0.6%

!0.3%

0.0%

0.3%

0.6%

0.9%

1.2%

96.0%

97.0%

98.0%

99.0%

100.0%

101.0%

102.0%

Jan%'13%

Feb% Mar% Apr% May% Jun% Jul% Aug% Sep% Oct% Nov% Dec% Jan%'14%

Feb% Mar%

M/M%%%Chg.% Industrial%ProducSon%Index%

Index%Feb ‘14 101.6

0.6

Percent%

11 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

'07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14

Index%

PMI Composite Index

Mar%’14%53.7%

April 16, 2014

ISM Manufacturing

Source:%InsStute%for%Supply%Management%

May%’13%49.0%

Nov%’13%57.3%

12 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

'07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14

U.S.% Southeast%Michigan% Western%Michigan%

Index

Manufacturing & Nonmanufacturing – 12 MMA

Mar ’14 57.6 55.5 53.9

April 16, 2014

ISM – PMI Composite Index

Source: Institute for Supply Management Note: The actual WMI is not seasonally adjusted.

Actuals Feb ‘14 Mar ’14 WMI 58.2 60.6 SEMI 47.7 50.1 U.S. 53.2 53.7

Existing Home Sales

13 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago April 16, 2014

Thousands%of%Units,%SAAR%Thousands%

Source:%NaSonal%%AssociaSon%of%REALTORS®%

4,190%

4,660%

5,090%5,380%

5,130%4,870%

4,600%

2,000%

2,500%

3,000%

3,500%

4,000%

4,500%

5,000%

5,500%

6,000%

'10% '11% '12% '13% Jul%'13% A% S% O% N% D% Jan%'14% F%

Annual% Monthly%

New Private Housing

14 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago April 16, 2014

Starts,%Permits%and%Under%ConstrucSon%

Source:%U.S.%Census%Bureau%

400%

500%

600%

700%

800%

900%

1,000%

1,100%

1,200%

'13% F% M% A% M% J% J% A% S% O% N% D% '14% F%

Starts% Permits% ConstrucSon%

Thousands%of%Units%Annualized,%SA%

April 16, 2014 15 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Job Growth Nonfarm%Payroll,%Monthly%Job%Change,%3%–%12%MMA%

!50.0%

0.0%

50.0%

100.0%

150.0%

200.0%

250.0%

300.0%

Jan%'13%

Feb% Mar% Apr% May% Jun% Jul% Aug% Sep% Oct% Nov% Dec% Jan%'14%

Feb% Mar%

Job%Change% Revisions% 3%!%12%MMA%

Thousands%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%

192

197 (+22)

144 (+15)

274 280

April 16, 2014 16 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

NFIB Small Business Optimism Index Based on 10 Survey Indicators, 1986 = 100 - SA

Source:%NaSonal’%FederaSon%of%Independent%Business%

75.0%

80.0%

85.0%

90.0%

95.0%

100.0%

105.0%

110.0%

'00% '01% '02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Index%

Mar%’09%81.0%

Nov%’04%107.7%

Mar%‘14%93.4%

April 16, 2014 17 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

NFIB Small Business Survey Select Questions - April 2014 Report

4.0%

7.0%

29.0%

36.0%

9.0%

17.0%

8.0%

5.0%

30.0%

41.0%

14.0%

19.0%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 40.0% 45.0%

Credit%Was%Harder%to%Get%

Borrowing%Needs%Not%SaSsfied%

Borrowing%Needs%SaSsfied%

Few%or%No%Qualified%Applicants%

Planning%to%Raise%CompensaSon%

Planning%to%Raise%Selling%Price%

Mar%'14% Mar%'13%

Source:%NaSonal%FederaSon%of%Independent%Businesses%%April%Report%

Percent%of%%Firms%Surveyed%

Note:%Percent%calculated%as%higher%minus%lower.%

April 16, 2014 18 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

NFIB Small Business Survey Single Most Important Small Business Problem

6%

5%

8%

17%

21%

23%

8%

9%

10%

14%

21%

21%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0%

CompeSSon%from%Large%Business%

Quality%of%Labor%

Cost%/%Availability%of%Insurance%

Poor%Sales%

Government%RegulaSon%&%Red%Tape%

Taxes%

Mar%'14% Mar%'13%

Source:%NaSonal%FederaSon%of%Independent%Businesses%%April%Report%

Percent%of%%Firms%Surveyed%Historical%High%/%Low%

High%%32%%27%%34%%29%%24%%14%

Low%%8%%4%%2%%4%%3%%4%

April 16, 2014 19 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

2.5%

2.8%2.9%

3.0%

2.8%

2.2%

1.9%

1.7%

3.0% 3.0%3.1%

2.7%

3.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

Q1%'14% Q2%'14% Q3%'14% Q4%'14% 2014%Q4/Q4% 2015%Q4/Q4%

January%Consensus% February%Consensus% March%Consensus% April%Consensus%

Percent Change From Prior Period at Annual Rate

U.S. Real GDP Projections

Percent% Consensus of the Blue Chip by Month

Source:%Blue%Chip%Economic%Indicators%–%March%10,%2014%

April 16, 2014 20 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

1.6%1.2% 1.2%

2.2%2.6%

6.4%

5.1% 5.3%5.7% 6.0%

4.0%

3.2% 3.3%4.0%

4.4%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

2011% 2012% 2013% 2014% 2015%Advanced%Economies% Emerging%and%Developing%Economies% World%

Global Outlook IMF%Forecast%for%Growth%(April%‘14),%Percent%Change%Yr./Yr.%Percent%

Difference from January 2014 Outlook 2014 0.0 0.6 0.3 2015 0.3 0.6 0.5

April 16, 2014 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago 21

Inflation & Employment

Inflation – PCE Price Index

22 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago April 16, 2014

!3.0%

!2.0%

!1.0%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

'07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Percent%Change%Yr.%/%Yr.%–%2009%=%100%

Core%Feb%‘14%1.1%%

All%Items%Feb%‘14%0.9%%

Percent%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%

April 16, 2014 23 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Inflation – PCE Price Index Quarterly%Percent%Change,%2009%=%100%

1.8%2.0%

!0.5%

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

4.0%

'10% '11% '12% '13% 14% '15%Q1%

PCE%All%Items%InflaSon%Percent%

Q4%’13%1.1%%

1.8% 1.9%

!0.5%

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

4.0%

'10% '11% '12% '13% '14% 15%Q1%

PCE%Core%InflaSon%Percent%

Q4%’13%1.3%%

‘15%‘16%Annual%Q4%/%Q4%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%and%%FRB%Philadelphia%!%Q1%2014%Survey%of%Professional%Forecasters%

‘15%‘16%Annual%Q4%/%Q4%

April 16, 2014 24 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

U.S. Employment Unemployment%Rate%and%ParScipaSon%Rate%

60.0%

61.0%

62.0%

63.0%

64.0%

65.0%

66.0%

67.0%

68.0%

69.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

11.0%

'07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Unemployment%Rate%(Le`)% PatricipaSon%Rate%(Right)%

Percent%

Mar%’14%6.7%%%

63.2%

Oct%’09%10.0%%%%%

65.0%

Percent%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%

April 16, 2014 25 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

!600.0%

!500.0%

!400.0%

!300.0%

!200.0%

!100.0%

0.0%

100.0%

200.0%

'07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Employment, Labor Force & Population

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

1950's% 1960's% 1970's% 1980's% 1990's% 2000's% 2010's%

PopulaSon%1/% Labor%Force%

1/%Civilian%non!insStuSonalized%populaSon%over%16%years%of%age.%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%data.%

Average%Percent%Change%by%Decade%Chg.%in%HH%Emp.%–%Chg.%in%L.F.%–%12%MMA%Thousands% Percent%

Thousands%of%Persons%!%SA%

April 16, 2014 26 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

U.S. Population 65 to 80 Years Old Percent%of%PopulaSon%16%to%80%Years%of%Age%

58.0%

60.0%

62.0%

64.0%

66.0%

68.0%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

'60% '65% '70% '75% '80% '85% '90% '95% '00% '05% '10% '15% '20% '25%

Pre!Boomers%(le`)% Baby%Boomers%(Le`)% ParScipaSon%Rate%(Right)%

Source:%U.S.%Census%Department%and%BLS%

Percent% Rate%

April 16, 2014 27 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

U.S. Unemployment Rate Month%Before%/%A`er%Recession%Trough%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

11.0%

!10% !5% Trough% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60%

Current%Recovery% Average%Recovery%

Percent%

Month 57 6.7

5.3

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%data.%

Note:%Average%includes%%1960,%1973,%1981,%1990%and%2001%recessions.%

April 16, 2014 28 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

6.1%5.7%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

'10% '11% '12% '13% 14% '15%Q1%

Unemployment%Rate%Percent%

Q4%’13%1.1%%

187.7%206.9%

!50.0%

0.0%

50.0%

100.0%

150.0%

200.0%

250.0%

300.0%

'10% '11% '12% '13% '14% 15%Q1%

Payrolls%(000)s/month%Percent%

Q4%’13%1.3%%

‘14%‘15%Annual%Average%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%and%%FRB%Philadelphia%!%Q1%2014%Survey%of%Professional%Forecasters%

‘15%‘16%Annual%

Unemployment Rate & Payroll Employment Quarterly%and%Annual%Averages%

April 16, 2014 29 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Employee Wages Employee%Cost%Indexes%,%Percent%Change%Yr./Yr.%!%SA%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

'02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13%

Total%CompensaSon% Wages%&%Salaries% Benefits%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%

Percent%

April 16, 2014 30 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Employee Wages Employee%Cost%Index%%!%Total%CompensaSon,%Percent%Change%Yr./Yr.%!%SA%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

4.0%

4.5%

5.0%

'02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%

Percent%

Averages%for%2002%–%2007%InflaSon%2.3%%

ProducSvity%2.6%%CompensaSon%3.5%%

Averages%for%Q3%’09%–%2013%InflaSon%1.8%%

ProducSvity%1.6%%CompensaSon%1.9%%

U.S.%Consumer%

April 16, 2014 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago 31

Real Disposable Personal Income

!6.0%

!4.0%

!2.0%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

'00% '01% '02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Income%

32 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Percent%

Percent%Change%Year/Year%!%$2009%

April 16, 2014

Feb%’14%2.1%%

May%‘09%!2.6%%

Pre!recession%Average%3.1%%

Post%recession%average%1.4%%

Source:%U.S.%Bureau%of%Economic%Analysis%

Nov%’12%3.3%%

Dec%’12%5.9%%

April 16, 2014 33 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Personal Savings Rate

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

'00% '01% '02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Savings%Rate%

Pre!recession%Average%4.0%%

Post%recession%average%5.3%% Feb%’14%4.3%%

Dec%’12%8.7%%

Savings%as%a%Percent%of%Disposable%Income%

Source:%U.S.%Bureau%of%Economic%Analysis%

10.0%

13.0%

16.0%

19.0%

22.0%

25.0%

28.0%

'60% '65% '70% '75% '80% '85% '90% '95% '00% '05% '10%

Total Consumer Credit

34 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Percent%

April 16, 2014

Revolving%and%Non!revolving%Credit%as%%%of%DPI%

Feb%‘14%24.6%%

1960%–%1995%Average%17.3%%

1996%to%Present%Average%23.0%

Source:%Board%of%Governors%of%the%Federal%Reserve%System%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

18.0%

20.0%

'80% '82% '84% '86% '88% '90% '92% '94% '96% '98% '00% '02% '04% '06% '08% '10% '12%

Debt%Service%RaSo% Financial%ObligaSon%RaSo% Last%DSR% Last%FOR%

Debt Service & Financial Obligation Ratios

35 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

15.4%%

Percent%

10.0%%

April 16, 2014

Percent%of%Disposable%Personal%Income%

Q4%‘13%

Source:%Federal%Reserve%Bank%of%St.%Louis%

April 16, 2014 36 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Initial Unemployment Claims Thousands%of%Claims%–%Monthly%Average%

200.0%

300.0%

400.0%

500.0%

600.0%

700.0%

'00% '01% '02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Employment%and%Training%AdministraSon%

Oct%‘01%481%

Mar%‘09%659%

Mar%‘14%322%

April 16, 2014 37 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Household Net Worth

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

'80% '82% '84% '86% '88% '90% '92% '94% '96% '98% '00% '02% '04% '06% '08% '10% '12%

Home%Equity% Financial%and%Other%

$11.8

Trillions%of%Dollars,%Q1%‘80%to%Q3%‘13%

Total Decline Q2 ‘07 – Q1 ‘09 -$13.2

Q2 ‘07 $68.8

Source:%Federal%Reserve%Z.1%StaSsScal%Release%,Table%B100,%Households%and%Nonprofit%OrganizaSons%

Q4 ‘13 $80.6

Q1 ‘09 $55.6

April 16, 2014 38 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Household Owner’s Equity

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

'00% '01% '02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

As%Percent%of%Household%Real%Estate%

Percent%

Q1%‘01%61.2%

Q1%‘09%36.5%

Q4%‘13%51.7%

Consumer Sentiment

39 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago April 16, 2014

University%of%Michigan%Index%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

'00% '02% '04% '06% '08% '10% '12% '14%

Apr%’14%Preliminary%

82.6%

Jan%‘00%112.0%

Source:%Thomson%Reuters%/%University%of%Michigan%

Pre!Recession%Average:%90.8%

Post!Recession%Average:%73.5%

Michigan%Economy%

April 16, 2014 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago 40

!0.10%

!0.05%

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

0.20%

Jan%'13%

F% M% A% M% J% J% A% S% O% N% D% Jan%'14%

F% M%

Manufacturing% ConstrucSon%&%Mining% Services% Consumer%Spending% Index%

41 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Index%

Michigan’s Contribution

Feb%‘14%!0.06%

April 16, 2014

Midwest Economic Index

Source: FRB of Chicago

!0.15%

!0.10%

!0.05%

0.00%

0.05%

0.10%

0.15%

0.20%

0.25%

Jan%'13%

F% M% A% M% J% J% A% S% O% N% D% Jan%'14%

F% M%

Manufacturing% ConstrucSon%&%Mining% Services% Consumer%Spending% Index%

42 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Index%

Michigan’s Contribution

Feb%‘14%!0.07%

April 16, 2014

Relative Midwest Economic Index

Source: FRB of Chicago

Michigan Real Personal Income

!6.0%

!4.0%

!2.0%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

'02% '03% '04% '05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

43 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Percent%

Percent%Change%Year/Year%!%$2009%

April 16, 2014

Q1%’11%5.1%%

Source:%BEA%

Q4%‘09%!4.6%%

2002%to%2009%Average%!0.6%%

Post%recession%average%1.1%%

Q4%’13%0.6%%

Q4%‘03%2.1%%

April 16, 2014 44 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

88.0%

90.0%

92.0%

94.0%

96.0%

98.0%

100.0%

102.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

'07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Unemployment%Rate%!%SA%(Le`)% Labor%Force%Index%(Right)%

Michigan Employment

Feb ‘14 4.7%

93.7

Unemployment Rate & Labor Force Index, Jan ‘07 = 100 – S.A.

Source:%BLS%

Percent Index

April 16, 2014 45 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Michigan Job Growth Nonfarm%Payroll,%Monthly%Job%Change,%3%–%12%MMA%

(50.0)%

(40.0)%

(30.0)%

(20.0)%

(10.0)%

0.0%%

10.0%%

20.0%%

30.0%%

'09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

Job%Change%M/M% 3%MMA%!%12%MMA%

Thousands%Nov ’13 YTD – 65.4

Feb ’14 4.1

Source:%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%

Jan ’09 -107.5

April 16, 2014 46 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

36.5%%

31.3%%

0.6%%

(2.1)%

(4.4)%

(5.8)%

(6.4)%

(28.2)%

(32.6)%

(38.2)%

(40.4)%

(60.0)% (40.0)% (20.0)% 0.0%% 20.0%% 40.0%%

EducaSon%&%Health%Services%

Professional%Business%Services%

Mining%&%Logging%

Leisure%&%Hospitality%

Other%Services%

Financial%

InfromaSon%

ConstrucSon%

Manufacturing%

Government%

Trade,%TransportaSon%&%USliSes%

Michigan Nonfarm Payroll Employment by Sector Employment%Change%Jan%‘08%–%Feb%‘14,%Thousands%of%Jobs%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%data%from%U.S.%Department%of%Labor%%

Total%H/(L)%!89.7%Total%Nonfarm%Employment%4,056%

April 16, 2014 47 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Michigan Home Prices Index%!%2000%=%100,%Percent%Change%M/M%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

110%

120%

130%

'00% '02% '04% '06% '08% '10% '12% '14%

Michigan% Detroit%Area% Grand%Rapids%!%Wyoming% Kalamazoo%

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%U.S.%Census%Bureau%%and%FHFA%Data.%

Index%

Q4%’13%%

115.06%%

107.6%%

98.1%%%

83.4%

!50%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

350%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

18.0%

20.0%

'10% '11% '12% '13% '14%

%%Change%(Right)% Starts%(le`)%

48 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Thousands%

Feb%’14%7.0%%

!42.9%%

April 16, 2014

Michigan Housing Starts

Source: U.S. Census / Haver Analytics

Units and Percent Change Yr./Yr. - SAAR

Percent%

April 16, 2014 49 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

16,948%16,504%

16,089%

13,195%

10,401%

11,554%

12,735%

14,440%

15,532%16,000%

16,400%

8,000%

10,000%

12,000%

14,000%

16,000%

18,000%

'05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14% '15%

Thousands of Units – Calendar Year

U.S. Light Vehicle Sales

Thousands%

Source:%Ward’s%AutomoSve%and%BEA%and%IHS%AutomoSve.%

April 16, 2014 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago 50

F.O.M.C. Projections

April 16, 2014 51 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

FOMC Overview – March 19, 2014

1.  Information received since the FOMC met in January indicates that growth in economic activity slowed during the winter months.

2.  Labor market indicators were mixed but on balance showed further improvement.

3.  The unemployment rate, however, remains elevated. 4.  Household spending and business fixed investment continued to

advanced, while recovery of the housing sector remained slow. 5.  Fiscal policy is restraining economic growth, although the restraint is

diminishing. 6.  Inflation has been running below the Committee’s longer-run objective,

but long-term inflation expectations have remained stable 7.  Beginning in April, the purchase pace of mortgage-backed securities will

be reduced to $25 billion and the pace of longer-term Treasury securities will be reduced to $30 billion.

8.  Federal Funds rate was kept at the 0 to ¼ percent target range.

April 16, 2014 52 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

F.O.M.C. GDP Projections

3.0%3.2%

3.0%

2.3%2.8%3.0%

2.5%

2.2%1.9%

2.9%3.1%

2.8%

2.3%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

4.0%

2013% 2014% 2015% 2016% Long%Run%

Change%in%Real%GDP%Percent%

Source:%Federal%Reserve%Board%Members%and%Federal%Reserve%Bank%Presidents,%March%2014%

Percent Change Q4/Q4 in $2009 - SAAR

Note:%Central%tendency%projecSons%exclude%three%highest%and%three%lowest%projecSons.%

April 16, 2014 53 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Closing the Output Gap

13,500%

14,500%

15,500%

16,500%

17,500%

18,500%

'05% '06% '07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14% '15% '16%

PotenSal% Actual% Low% Middle% High%

$%Billions%

Q4%’16%80.8%%81.2%%81.7%%

Actual%/%Projected%Growth%Rate%Scenarios%

Revised'Co

ngressiona

l'Budget'O

ffice'Projec7o

n'

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%data%from%the%BEA%,%FOMC,%and%CBO%

December%18,%2013%FOMC%Economic%ProjecSons1%

1.%ProjecSons%based%on%Federal%Reserve%Board%Members%and%Presidents%range%%of%forecasts%.%

CAGR%‘13%–%16%%%%%%2.8%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%3.0%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%3.1%%

April 16, 2014 54 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

F.O.M.C. Inflation Projections

1.6%

2.0% 2.0%

1.5% 1.5%1.7%

1.0%

1.6%1.8% 1.9%

2.0%

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

2013% 2014% 2015% 2016% Long%Run%

PCE%InflaSon%

1.8%

2.4%

2.0%

1.3%1.5% 1.6%

1.2%

1.6%

2.0%1.8%

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

2013% 2014% 2015% 2016%

Core%PCE%InflaSon%Percent% Percent%

Source:%Federal%Reserve%Board%Members%and%Federal%Reserve%Bank%Presidents,%March%2014%

Percent Change Yr./Yr. – 2009 = 100

Note:%Central%tendency%projecSons%exclude%three%highest%and%three%lowest%projecSons.%

April 16, 2014 55 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

F.O.M.C. Unemployment Projections

6.3%

5.9%5.6% 5.6%6.1%

5.6%

5.2% 5.2%

7.0%

6.2%

5.8%5.4% 5.4%

4.0%

4.5%

5.0%

5.5%

6.0%

6.5%

7.0%

7.5%

8.0%

2013% 2014% 2015% 2016% Long%Run%

Unemployment%Rate%Percent%

Source:%Federal%Reserve%Board%Members%and%Federal%Reserve%Bank%Presidents,%March%2014%

Percent Change Yr./Yr.

Note:%Central%tendency%projecSons%exclude%three%highest%and%three%lowest%projecSons.%

April 16, 2014 56 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

1%

13%

2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

2014% 2015% 2016%

Appropriate Timing of Policy Firming FOMC%ParScipants%–%March%19,%2014%

Source:%Federal%Reserve%%Board%of%Governors%

April 16, 2014 57 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Federal Funds Rate

Percent%

Source:%Federal%Reserve%%Bank%&%CME%Group%

Effective Rate and 30 Day Futures

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

'07% '08% '09% '10% '11% '12% '13% '14% '15% '16%

Fed%Funds%Rate% Futures%

Thank'You!'

April 16, 2014 59 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Persons Unemployed 15 Weeks or Longer As%%%of%Labor%Force%!%Month%Before%/%A`er%Recession%Trough%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

!10% !5% Trough% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60%

Current%Recovery% Average%Recovery%

Percent%

Month 57 3.5

1.4

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%data.%

Note:%Average%includes%%1960,%1973,%1981,%1990%and%2001%recessions.%

April 16, 2014 60 Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Persons Unemployed by Reason Job%Losers%!%Month%Before%/%A`er%Recession%Trough%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

!10% !5% Trough% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60%

Current%Recovery% Average%Recovery%

Percent%

Month 57 3.5

2.6

Source:%Author’s%calculaSons%using%U.S.%Department%of%Labor:%Bureau%of%Labor%StaSsScs%data.%

Note:%Average%includes%%1960,%1973,%1981,%1990%and%2001%recessions.%

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