cattle digestion
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Animal Science
Cattle Unit
CATTLE DIGESTION
RECALL EQUINE DIGESTION…• Monogastric
1. Mouth
• Teeth chew to break down food
• Saliva breaks down starch
2. Esophagus
• Tube that carries food from mouth to stomach
3. Stomach
• Chemicals added to food to bread down further
• Smaller materials are absorbed into the bloodstream
4. Small Intestine
• Absorbs nutrients
• Enzymes help break down food further
5. Cecum
• Has little function
• Between small and large intestines
6. Large Intestine
• Main function is to absorb water
7. Rectum
• The terminal portion of the large intestine
• Leads to the anus where waste is passed to the outside of the body
RUMINANTS—FOUR CHAMBERED STOMACHS• One stomach
• Four compartments
• Used for the digestion of mass quantities of roughages
• Hay and grasses
• The path is the same
• Mouth
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Cecum
• Large intestine
• Rectum
RUMINANT MOUTH • Functions the same as monogastric EXCEPT…
1. Ruminants regurgitate their food and re-chew it
2. A cow makes 40,000-60,000 jaw movements a day just from chewing
RUMINANT ESOPHAGUS• Functions the same as monogastric EXCEPT…
• There is a valve that allows animals to regurgitate feed stuffs to be chewed separately
• How well could you digest these?
• What happens to you when you eat corn?
RUMINANT STOMACH• Functions the same as monogastric EXCEPT…
• There are 4 chambers
• Rumen
• Reticulum
• Omasum
• Abomasum
CHAMBER #1: THE RUMEN• Acts as a large fermentation vat
• Using microbes to do fermentation
• Movement of the rumen mixes its content
• Finds large particles and regurgitates them
CHAMBER #2: THE RETICULUM• Considered an extra piece of the rumen
• Has a honeycomb shape
• Site of hardware collection
• Cattle may ingest metal from the feed/ground
• Cow magnets help the metal from going any further
Cow Magnet
CHAMBER #3: THE OMASUM• Aids in water absorption
• Numerous folds help to trap digestive particles
• Increases the time spent to be absorbed
CHAMBER #4: THE ABOMASUM• Considered the “true stomach”
• Functions the same as the monogastric stomach
• Hydrochloric acid helps break down the material
http://www.cteonline.org/portal/default/Curriculum/Viewer/Curriculum?action=2&cmobjid=178382&view=viewer&refcmobjid=197387
ERUCTATION (BELCHING)
• Production of Carbon Dioxide and Methane
• Produced by microbial population in the rumen
• Rumen will contract and force the gas out
• Bloating can result if ruminant does not belch
Flipped Stomach and Gas
Bloat and Trocar
CATTLE PARTS
CIRCLE THE FOLLOWING PARTS
• Poll
• Dewlap
• Brisket
• Hoof
• Dew Claw
• Hock
• Switch
• Flank (rear pictured)
• Back
• Loin
• Hooks
• Rump
• Round
• Rib
• Belly
• Heart Girth
LABEL THE PICTURE WITH THE PARTS
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