carbon chemistry carbon compounds chapter 4 section 2
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Carbon Chemistry
Carbon Compounds
Chapter 4
Section 2
Organic Compounds
• Compounds that contain carbon
• 90% of all Compounds– Propane– Olive Oil– Wax– Cotton
“Organic”
• Means “of living things”
• Contains carbon
Organic Compounds
• Low melting points• Low boiling points
• Exist as gases, liquids, and solids at room temperature
Hydrocarbons
• Compounds made up of…– Hydrogen– Carbon
Hydrocarbons
• Can be…– Straight– Branched– Ring-Shaped
Flammable
• All hydrocarbons burn easily– Release lots of energy!!!
Hydrophobic
• Hydrocarbons mix very poorly with water– Rainbow-colored film
Molecular Formula
• Includes the chemical symbols and the number of atoms
• Propane– C3H8
Subscripts
• Propane– C3H8
• The little numbers
Structural Formula
• Shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms in a molecule
Isomers
• Compounds that have the same molecular formula, but different structures
• C4H10
– Butane– Isobutane
Saturated Hydrocarbon
• -ane • All single bonds
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
• -eye, -yne • Double & Triple Bonds
Alcohols
• Hydroxyl group– -OH group
• Methanol– CH3OH
Organic Acids
• Carboxyl group– -COOH group
• Formic Acid• HCOOH
Monomers
• Single molecules of…– Alcohols– Esters– Organic Acids
Polymers
• Large molecules made up of “many” small molecules
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