carbohydrate chaos nutrition 120– carb overview. what are the 3 elements in all carbohydrates?...

CARBOHYDRATECHAOS

NUTRITION 120– Carb Overview

What are the 3 elements in ALL carbohydrates?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Two monosaccharides form a…..

disaccharide

One way to identify a sugar is that most have the ending…

ose

3 Simple Sugars are….

Glucose, Fructose, Galactose

Chemical Formula for Glucose is…

C6H12O6

Your BLOOD SUGAR is what sugar….

Glucose

Build a lactose!

Glucose + galactose

Many monomers (units) of sugars are called….

polysaccharides

3 examples of polysaccharides are…

Starch, cellulose, glycogen or fiber

Build a sucrose

Glucose + fructose

What do plant cells store for their energy?

starch

Animals store excess sugar as….

glycogen

Where can we store glycogen (2 places)?

Liver and muscles

The dietary form of cellulose is called…

fiber

Make a Maltose

Glucose –glucose

An oligosaccharide has how many carbons/sugar units?

3-8/10

First Sugar Digesting Enzyme

Salivary Amylase

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The MAJOR carb digesting enzyme

Pancreatic Amylase

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Site of Carb ABSORPTION

Small Intestine

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Process of Using Glucose to make ATP (energy)

Cellular Respiration

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What % of your daily diet should be carbs?

55-60%

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Two types of fiber…

Soluble and Insoluble

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A disease that is impacted directly by carbohydrate

consumption….Diabetes

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If you are lactose intolerant, your body does not have which enzyme available?

lactase

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Called a non starch polysaccharide.

Fiber

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Process combining two monomers to form a

disaccharideDehydration synthesis

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Who uses carb loading?

Athletes exercising over 90 minutes

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How many grams of glycogen do most people hold in liver and muscles

400grams

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Most common type of Diabetes

Type 2

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Diabetes while Pregnant

Gestational

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Cells of Pancreas that secrete insulin

Beta cells

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Long term effects of uncontrolled diabetes (3)

Blindness, CV Disease, Erectile Difficulties, Circulation Problems

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What % of diabetics are Type 2

90%

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Organ that transforms monosaccharides to

glucoseLiver

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Maltase, Sucrase, Lactase are __________ enzymes

Brush border

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Outer Layer of Whole grain that is fiber rich

Bran

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Max Fiber Intake/Day

40g

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Sugars containing additives, ex. Coca-cola

Refined Sugars

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Hormone that causes blood sugars to RISE

Glucagon

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Diabetes Test that involves drinking sugary liquids…2

hr. post test 11.1+Oral glucose tolerance test

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