biomedical applications of molecular imaging tony lahoutte umons nov-dec 2011
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Biomedical applications of molecular imaging
Tony Lahoutte
UMons
Nov-Dec 2011
Course 1
Part 1: Introduction and general principles
Biomedical Imaging
RöntgenHand of Anna Berthe
1895
Biomedical Imaging
Röntgen22 dec 1895
Hand of Anna Berthe23 January 1896
Hand of Albert von Kölliker
Biomedical Imaging
Weissleder and Pittet, Nature 2009
Biomedical Imaging
1. Microscopy: In vitro samples or in vivo tissues
2. Preclinical Imaging:
In vivo imaging in animal models
3. Clinical Imaging: Imaging in patients
Biomedical Imaging
CT – X-ray
SPECT & PET
MRI
www.mi-central.org
BioluminescenceFluorescence
FRET/FRAPImageStream
Biomedical Imaging
Anatomical imaging: Organ and tissue morphology
Physiologic Imaging: Organ and tissue function
Molecular Imaging: Molecules and cells
Molecular
Anatomy
Physiology
Cell
Molecular Imaging
Definition:Molecular imaging is the visualization, the
characterization and the measurement of biological processes at the molecular and
cellular levels in living systems
Anatomical
Molecular
Hybrid Imaging
Anatomical
CT scan
of a women
Molecular
Glucose
molecules
PET-CT scan
Computed Tomography
or CT scanAnatomical
Positron Emission Tomography or PET scan
Molecular
Anatomical + Molecular
PET/CT
fusion
image
Anatomical
Molecular
Radiolabeled antibody fragments that recognize cancer cells
SPECT-CT
Anatomical + Molecular
SPECT/CT
fusion
image
Anatomical
MRI scan
Anatomical + Molecular
PET/MRI scanner
Courtesy of University of Tübingen
FMT/MRI
J. Chen, JCI, 2009: “Combined magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging of the living mouse brain reveals glioma response to chemotherapy”
Fluorescence Molecular Tomography/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging=
FMT/MRI
MRI FMT
FMT/CT
FMT/CT fusion
Nature 2008;452:580-589
FMT scanner
VisenImaging Near Infrared Fluorescence
Anatomical + Molecular
PET/CT
SPECT/CT
PET/MRI
FMT/MRI
FMT/CT
=
Hybrid imaging
Physiological Imaging
= Functional Imaging
- visualizing cardiac contraction- Imaging blood perfusion- ...
Planar and Tomographic Imaging
Planar = 2D projection
Tomographic = 3D volume
Planar and Tomographic Imaging
Gamma Camera
Planar and Tomographic Imaging
Planar = 2D projection
Anterior and posterior view of a planar bone scintigraphy
Planar and Tomographic Imaging
Tomographic = 3D volume
Static and Dynamic Imaging
Static image= 1 time interval
Dynamic image = multiple time intervals
Static and Dynamic Imaging
Static image = 1 time interval
Static image of a radiolabeled antibody between 1-10 s after intravenous injection in a rat
Static and Dynamic Imaging
Dynamic image = multiple time intervals
Dynamic image of a radiolabeled antibody between 1second and 10 min after intravenous injection in a rat. Every frame is 10 seconds
Special case of dynamic: Gated Image
Gated image = images are synchronized with cardiac contraction or respiration
Special case of dynamic: Gated Image
Gated image = images are synchronized with cardiac contraction or respiration
Static and Dynamic Imaging
Different combinations are possible:
Static planar imageDynamic planar imageStatic tomographic imageDynamic tomographic image
Slicing and orientation
Slicing and orientation
Transverse
Sagittal
Coronal
R
R
A
A
L
L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
Slicing and orientation
Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
R L
End of part 1
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