basic css
Post on 22-Feb-2016
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Belyu
Basic CSSLet’s try…
Compiled by: Miraf Belyu
Background background-color<p style = “background-color: blue;”> background-image<html><head><style type = “text/css”>body{background-image:url();}</style></head><body></body><html>
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background-repeatjust modify the previous code to:<head><style type = “text/css”>body{background-image:url(file);background-repeat: no-repeat;}</style>Remember if you want to repeat the image horizontally use repeat-x if you
rather want to repeat the image vertically you can use repeat-y.
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Font Family
<head><style type = “text/css”>
p{font-family:georgia, serif;}
</style></head>
Remember if the font family has more than one word put it in quotation (“”) mark. Example: Times New Roman should be “Times New Roman”
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Font style (normal, italic, straight-through)let’s modify the above rule.<html>
<head><style type = “text/css”>p{font-family:georgia, serif;font-style: italic;}</style></head><body><p>this paragraph will have a font family of GEORGIA,</p></body></html>
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Font weight (bolding)just work on the previous doc
<head><style type = “text/css”>p{font-family:georgia, serif;font-style: italic;font-weight: bold;}</style></head>
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Font size ( px, em, %)<head><style type = “text/css”>p{font-family:georgia, serif;font-style: italic;font-weight: bold;font-size: 20px;}</style></head>
I recommend using size in pixel (px) .
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Let’s manipulate textColor
<head><style type = “text/css”>
p{
color:blue;}
</style></head>
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Direction ( ltr and rtl )
<head><style type = “text/css”>p{color:blue;direction:rtl;}</style></head>
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Text indentation
<head><style type = “text/css”>p{color:blue;text-indent: 20px;}</style></head>
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Lets decor our text (underline, line-through)
<head><style type = “text/css”>p{color:blue;text-decoration:underline;}</style></head>
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How about applying shadow
<head><style type = “text/css”>h1{color:blue;text-shadow: 2px 1px 3px grey;}</style></head>
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Border (color, style and width)border-color [bottom, top, left, right]border-style [solid][dashed]Border-width
Have a Try!
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<head><style type = “text/css”>
h1{
color:blue;text-shadow: 2px 1px 3px
grey;border-style:solid;border-color: grey;border-width:1px;}
</style></head>
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Setting margins (top, right, bottom, left) let’s work on a new snippet of code:
<head><style type = “text/css”>
body{
margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 200px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 200px; border: 1px dotted grey; height: 800px;
}</style></head>
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How about you try the padding
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Belyu
Advanced CSS concepts
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id, class and pseudo-class selectors.Styling hyperlinks.Elements visibility.Positioning.
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ID
for a single, unique element.Set the id on any html element an
then use it in the style sheet.Defined by a “#”
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How it works<!DOCTYPE html><html>
<head><style>#para1{text-align:center;color:red;} </style></head>
<body><p id="para1">Hello World!</p><p>This paragraph is not affected by the style.</p>
</body></html>
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class
to specify a style for a group of elements.
defined with a "."
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How it works<!DOCTYPE html><html>
<head><style>.center{text-align:center;}</style></head>
<body><h1 class="center">Center-aligned heading</h1><p class="center">Center-aligned paragraph.</p>
</body></html>
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Pseudo-class Selector
add special effects to some selectors. Syntax:
selector:pseudo-class {
property:value;}
Mostly used in hyperlinks.
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How it works Hyperlinks ( link, visited, hover and active)
• link (unvisited link)a:link{text-decoration: none;color:blue;}• Visited (visited link)a:visited{color:grey;}• Hover (mouse over)a:hover{text-decoration: underline;color: green;}• Active (while clicking)a:active{color:red;}
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Visibility (hide and show) Let’s hide a heading
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><style>h1.hidden{visibility: hidden;}h1.visible{visibility: visible;}</style></head>
<body><h1 class=“hidden">Hidden heading.</h1><h1 class="visible">But this is visible.</h1>
</body></html>
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Positioning
absolute• calculated from the upper left corner of
the page.•Otherwise, calculated from the upper
left corner of the parent layer.
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How it worksLet’s create a division for a website header<head><style type = “text/css”>
div#header{
position: absolute;margin-left: 50px;margin-right: 50px;border: 1px solid grey;width: 1250px;padding: 0px;
}</style><body><div id = “header”>
<h1> you can put an image here, preferably. </h1></div></body>
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Compiled by: Miraf Belyu
Positioning cont…
Relative• calculated relative to the position of the
tag that carries the style.• If you are in the middle of the page, it will
be calculated from that point.
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Try to modify the above code and get the following output
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