automatic solar tracking system

“AUTOMATIC SOLAR ENERGY TRACKING SYSTEM”

PROJECT PRESENTATION

ON

PRESENTED BY:- ANUJ KUMAR ARVINDRA KUMAR RAM SWRAOOP

8TH SEMESTER2013-2014

SUBMITTED TO:- Er. BINDU JI GYANESHEr. GARIMA AGRAWAL

CONTENTS

1. Solar tracker2. Aim of the project3. Hardware used4. Block diagram5. Hardware description6. Power supply7. Microcontroller AT89S528. ULN20039. Advantages10.Disadvantages11.Application12.References

A solar tracker is a generic term used to describe devices that orient or align various payloads toward the sun.

Example for payloads are photovoltaic panels, reflectors, Collectors, lenses or other optical devices.

The system focuses on the optimization of the electric energy produced by photovoltaic cells through the development of a sun-tracking system.

SOLAR TRACKER

AIM OF THE PROJECT

To follow the sun from dawn, throughout the day, till evening and again from dawn next day.

The driver will have to position a photo-voltaic panel to the best angle of exposure to sunlight for collection of maximum solar energy.

HARDWARE USED

TRANSFORMER (230 – 12 V AC)VOLTAGE REGULATOR (LM 7805)MICROCONTROLLER(AT89S52)PUSH BUTTONSULN2003STEPPER MOTORLEDIN4007RESISTORSCAPACITORS

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Relay driver

HARDWARE DISCRIPTION1. 230 V AC 50 Hz 12V step down transformer

2. Using In4007 as Bridge rectifier

3. Capacitors Filter(470µf) 4. 5v Regulator

5. Relay

POWER SUPPLY

MICROCONTROLLER AT89S52• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable

(ISP) Flash Memory

• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

• Three-level Program Memory Lock

• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

• 32 Programmable I/O Lines

• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters

• Eight Interrupt Sources

• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel

• Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode

• Fast Programming Time

ULN2003

ULN is Relay driver application.The ULN2003 is a high voltage and high current

Darlington transistor arrays. It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that

features high-voltage output with common-cathode clamp diode for switching inductive loads.

The collector-current rating of a single Darlington pair is 500mA.

The Darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher current capability.

ADVANTAGESSolar tracking systems continually orient photovoltaic panels towards the sun and can help maximize your investment in your PV system.

One time investment, which provides higher efficiency & flexibility on dependency over other sources.

Tracking systems can help reducing emissions and can contribute against global warming.

Bulk implementations of tracking systems help reduced consumption of power by other sources.

It enhances the clean and emission free power production. 

DISADVANTAGES

Initial investment is high on solar panels.

It’s a bit of difficult for servicing, as the tracking systems are not quite popular regionally.

Moving parts and gears which will require regular maintenance.

May require repair or replacement of broken parts over a long run. 

APPLICATIONS

Can be used for small & medium scale power generations.

For power generation at remote places where power lines are not accessible.

For domestic backup power systems.

REFERENCES

http://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-components/uln2003-datasheethttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_difference_between_microcontroller_8051_and_'AT89S52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULN2003A

THANK YOU