art history 2009 class 4 lecture

The High Renaissance

Man, the measure of all things.

A rebirth of humanism. Man stands alone, prepared to take the consequences of his own actions.

Greek Classicism: The model Action in repose.

From medieval inhibited formsto free-standing sculpture ofthe Early Renaissance.

Late Gothic: Art depicts otherworldly concerns. Flat, hieraticand dematerialized images in aheavenly space of gold leaf.

Duccio

FLORENCE, the NEW ATHENS

Brunelleschi’s Duomo

The Parthenon, Athens

Humanism is reborn as Man assertshis will in art forms imbued withChristian meaning.

Ghiberti Baptistry Competition Brunelleschi

And the winner is….

Humanism imbued withChristian meaning.

Bronze doors of the baptistry.

Ghiberti

Baptistry of Florence

Early Renaissance: Exploiting linear perspective.Uccelo

Mantegna

Masaccio

Pre-occupation with 3D spatial effects.

One point perspective brings spatial harmony in a 3D illusion of reality.

The High Renaissance

A culmination of visual knowledgeand aesthetic groundbreaking.

In the brief span of 25 years, fourgreat masters produced worksunparalleled in artistic achievement.

Raphael

Da Vinci

Michelangelo

Titian

Leonardo da Vinci

Familiar subject matter realizes its full potential in the hands of Leonardo da Vinci.

Pictorial visualization with littleunderstanding or concern withthe visual realities of this world.

Pre-Renaissance depictionOf the Last Supper.

Ghirlandio The Last Supper

Do you get the point? When more is less.

Da Vinci utilizes linear perspective and groupings to organize space.The viewer is placed in the audience; not as a participant at the table.Judas is placed in opposition to Christ at a 90 degree angle.

Religious themes infused with… Idealized participants.

Linear painting technique.

Closed-form and Plane composition.

All forms are en closed

within a p rescribed

diagram.

All forms a re enclosed

within a prescribed

diagram.

Figures and landscapeare placed parallel tothe picture plane.

Unified Compositions:Perspective serves a greater cause. The viewer is guided through a scene of relatedelements.

Giotto: A Late Gothic fresco painter anticipates the Renaissance.

Figures appear to be of this world, depicted as three dimensional, fully modeled images.

Early evidence of concern with visual phenomena, but limited by the lack of knowledge of linear and aerial perspective.

The Deposition

RaphaelThe Deposition

Raphael

The School Of Athens

Titian The Deposition Anticipating the Baroque

Georgione

Titian

Titian

The Venetian SchoolPagan art for the wealthy merchant.

Venus

Michelangelo The Sistine Chapel

Michelangelo’s drawing and completed fresco for the Sistine Chapel.Just one of 320 life-sized figures painted in four and a half years.

Michelangelo believed the formwas in the stone, waiting for hismallet and chisel for liberation.

Michelangelo portrays himself with the spiritual force behind his prolific efforts.

The Last Judgment

An aging Michelangelo’slast chapter for the westwall of the Sistine Chapel.

Lorenzo de Medici Dusk & Dawn Giuliano de Medici Night Day

Michelangelo’s Tomb Of The Medici Manneristic Sculpture

MANNERISM transforms “the calm, balanced grandeur” of the Renaissance into disquietingdistortion, ambiguity and hiddenmeanings.

Pontormo

El Greco: Spanish Mannerism Paramigianino: Italian Mannerism

Michelangelo’s David Bernini’s David

Anti-Climax

Painterly

Time-In-Flux

Passion

Baroque

Story Climax

Linear

Time Stopped

Reason

Renaissance