art 100- chapter 6

DRAWING Chapter 6

HISTORY OF DRAWINGThe history of drawing is as old as the history of humankind. People drew pictures even before they learned how to write.Drawing is innate, natural and organic. Drawing communicates thoughts, ideas, time, depth, space, figures, movement

CAVE PAINTINGS Cave paintings: The earliest known drawings date from 40,000 to 10,000 B.C.. They were found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. Other examples of early drawing are designs that were scratched, carved, or painted on the surfaces of primitive tools.17,300 years old.They primarily consist of images of large animals, most of which are known from fossil evidence to have lived in the area at the timehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnSq0c7jM-A

Lascaux Caves. France. 15,000 BC.

ANCIENT EGYPTIANS Ancient Egyptians (beginning about 3000 B.C.) decorated the walls of their temples and tombs with scenes of daily life. These drawings had a flat, linear style. Texts written on papyrus (an early form of paper) were illustrated with similar designs in pen and ink.

ANCIENT GREEKSNearly all that survives to show the drawing and painting skills of the ancient Greeks are their decorated pottery vases. These great works of art show the Greeks' ability to draw graceful figures and decorative lines.

THE MIDDLE AGES

(EUROPE)In the Middle Ages, from about the 400's to the 1400's, art was produced mainly to glorify God and to teach religion. Painting and drawing merged in the illustration of Bibles and prayer books produced by monks. These beautifully decorated manuscripts were hand-lettered on vellum (calfskin), or later, on paper.

ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Paper become widely available during the time of the Renaissance (15th-16th century) This allowed for drawings to flourishDrawing was now used for preliminary art works. People could sketch now on the field.Ex: da Vinci and his anatomy sketches- so accurate still used today in medical teachings. The human form is highly studied, as well as nature (fruits, landscapes, city maps etc).

DRAWING• Can be either be:

• Receptive: attempt to capture the physical appearance of something before us

• Projective: drawing something that exists only in our minds, either as a memory of something we have seen or a vision of something we imagine.

Vincent van Gogh. Old Man with His Head in His Hands. 1882. Pencil on Paper

Guillermo del Toro.

PURPOSE OF DRAWING

• A drawing can function in 3 ways:• As a notation, sketch, or

record of something seen ,remembered or imagined

• As a study or preparation for another, usually larger and more complex work

• As an end in itself, a complete work of art

Michelangelo. Study of a Reclining Male Nude. 1511. Red Chalk

CHARLES WHITE. PREACHER. 1952. PEN AND BLACK INK AND

GRAPHITE PENCIL ON BOARD

Many artists today view drawing as a medium in itself, and drawings as a finished work of art. Hatching: rows of parallel lines to suggest shadows or volume

White uses hatching, cross hatching in order to create mass , shadow and gesture in the figure

.

DRY MEDIA • Charcoal• Conté crayon- made from graphite

that is mixed with clay• Pastel- made of natural pigments• Most drawing pencils are made of

graphite (softer pencils give darker lines, and harder pencils give lighter ones)

• Darkness and line quality are determined both by the degree of harness of the pencil and by the texture of the drawing surface. Umberto Boccioni. State of Mind: The Farewells. 1911.

Edgar Degas. Ballet School. 1873

HOKUSAITUNING THE SAMISEN

1820-25• Liquid Media • Black and Brown inks are the most

common drawing liquids• 19th century Japanese artist Hokusai, is

said to have created about 13,000 prints and drawings during his lifetime!

• Expressive elegance of his lines made possible by his control of the brush.

• Uniformly thin lines of head, hands, and instruments against the bold spontaneous strokes indicated the folds of the kimono.

COMICS &

GRAPHIC NOVELS

Comic: sequential artform based on drawing. Printed comics represent the culmination of a development that includes ancient Egyptian murals, medieval tapestries, and some print series created in the 1730s.

Windsor McCay. Little Nemo in Slumberland. 1906 (Published in the New York Herald)

PERSEPOLISMARJANE SATRAPI

2001• Graphic Novel- book length story

lines• One of the most successful is

Perseopolis• A story of a girl growing up in a

progressive family in Tehran, Iran, in the years surrounding the Iranian revolution of 1979.

• The bold and simple drawing style parallels the crystal clear narration of an intelligent young person.

JANUSZ JAWORSKIUNTITLED

2001• Abstract Comics• Allows viewers to invent their

own narratives• Jaworski filled each frame of his

comic with nonrepresentational brushstrokes, and drew doodles instead of statements in the speech bubbles.

• The artist even refuses to title this work, leaving viewers to their own imagination.

PURE CONTOUR DRAWING &MODIFIED CONTOUR DRAWING

Youtube: “Modified Hand Contour Drawing” and “Continuous Line Contour Drawing Lesson” “Contour Line Hand Drawings”

• Bristol Board (1-2 pages)• Pencil/pen/marker to draw• Bring 2 objects to class to draw!• You can also bring

pictures/photographs/magazine clips of images that you like and want to draw.