arduino plus delphi mobile apps - beyond basics

Arduino+Delphi MobileBeyond Basics

Victory FernandesEmbarcadero MVP-Brazil

@victoryjorge

Victory Fernandes• I love Delphi since 1998! • Embarcadero MVP-Brazil• CTO at TKSSoftware.com• Electrical Engineer; Msc. Medicine Neuro-

Science• INDEVA Manipulators and AGVs representative

How big is Brazil?

How big is Brazil? ExtremeDelphi 2016 events so far we travelled +10.0000km

Embarcadero Conference Brazil 2016

• Oct,26 – São Paulo – Brazil• 7 simultaneous rooms• 600+ attendees are expected

#ECON2015

www.embarcaderoconferece.com.br

Factory floor weighing scales

Factory floor weighing scales

Truck weighing scales

Production tracking

Production tracking

Production tracking as we found!

Ethernet IO device

Delphi Intraweb app on TV

Delphi Intraweb app on Mobile + SMS

Worked with microcontrollers before?

• First prototype used Arduino…

•Why we ended up using ARM?

•NYQUIST theorem

• Learn about the signal to be sampled• Choose the right sensor• Dimentions, Weight, Voltage, other general limitations

• Sample rate vs. File size vs. Recording speed

• Prototype circuit dimentions, weight, power consumption, other general limitations etc…

• Battery usage• Prototype Housing

• "Microcontrollers for Dummies"

• Prototyping platforms• Open source Software and Hardware • Application? Size, power consumption…• 8bits, 32bits…• 16MHz, 95Mhz…• 32KB-512KB Flash; 2KB-32KB RAM, SRAM,

EEPROM…• 8051, PIC, AtMega, ARM…• Intel, Microchip, Atmel, Freescale, NXP…

• "Microcontrollers for Dummies"

• Digital I/Os

•Numbered pins 0 to 13•6 of them with suport for PWM

•0 (zero) = LOW = 0 Volts•1 (one) = HIGH = 5 Volts

•Max. current output 20mA

• Digital I/Os

• PWM

•Equivalent to analog output; Allows to control signal power output (Watts) and can be used to dimmers leds, control motor speed etc...

• PWM – Pulse Width Modulation

• Analog Input

•Numbered pins A0 to A5

•Voltage input from 0 to 5V is mapped to a Byte•Binary values from 0000-0000 to 1111-1111•Decimal values from 0 to 255

•Allows to read analog sensors for temperature, light, distance, etc...

• Analog Input

• There is more…

SPI-Serial Peripherical Interface

I2C-inter-Integrated Circuit

•RISC•Reduced Instruction Set Computer•131 Assembler instructions; 1 instruction per cycle

•At 16MHz its almost 16x106 lines of code per second!

• ATMega328P

•EEPROM memory, once you record there is no need for a power supply in order to keep its contents.

•This is where your program code is stored after you download it to to the microcontroller...

• Flash memory - 32KB

•Static Random Access Memory, will keep its contents as long as the power is available; Not need for refresh like DRAM.

•This is where the microcontroller executes our program... No power? All status and variable values are lost!

• SRAM Memory - 2KB

•Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

•This is where we record data that we do not want to lose after shutdown!

• EEPROM Memory - 1KB

• Not that much?

• "Hello world”? Why the resistor?

• Remember the 20mA max current?

•Ohm’s law•V[Volt]=R[ohm].i[Ampere]

•R = 5/0,020 = 250 ohm

• LED internal resistance is very low! In this case we considered it tends to zero

• Voila!

• The fun goes on…

Can we trigger a relay like this?

Voltage/Current output coupling

Transistors triggering

higher currents/v

oltage

ULN2001-2002-2003-20046-25V; up to 500mA

• Voila!

Transistors are here!

Now lets say I want to read a sensor…

Now lets say I want to read a sensor…

Now lets say I want to read a sensor…

Can I do this?

PULL DOWN resistor

PULL DOWN resistor

when OPEN Vout = GND = 0V LOW is read

when CLOSED Vout = Vin = 5V HIGH is read

Usually high values around 10kOhm

PULL UP resistor

PULL UP resistor

when OPEN Vout = Vin = 5V HIGH is read

when CLOSED Vout = GND = 0V LOW is read

Usually low values around 300ohm

Do we really need the resistors?

What if I want to use industrial sensors?

Optocoupler, Opto-Isolator or Photo-Coupler

Delphi Android/iOS app

ON

OFF

UDP Server192.168.1.177:8888

’H’ ’H’ ’H’=On’L’ ’L’ ’L’=Off

•We built our control protocol from scratch

•Robocore Padawanwww.robocore.net/loja/produtos/arduino-shield-padawan.html

Temperaturesensor

Joystick

Potentiometer

RGB LEDGeneral connector supportsDigital inputDigital outout/PWM

7 segmentdiplay

Lightsensor

•DFRobot accessory boardwww.dfrobot.com/index.php?route=product/product&path=35&product_id=1045

RGB LED

Joystick

Potentiometer

RelayBuzzer

LCD Display

Pressure/Humidity

•But our protocol must be able

to control all the pins…

•Its time to go a little deeper into the Arduino C Language

•Supported string messages…

‘dw04h’ = digital write pin 4 high‘dr02’ = digital read pin 02

‘aw03255’ = analog write pin 3 value 255

‘ar02’ = analog read pin 2

• Coding the complete Arduino C code…

• VCL demo

• VCL demo

victoryfernandes@yahoo.com.brwww.youtube.com/user/

victoryfernandes @victoryjorge

Thank you! Grazie! Obrigado!