arch drwg pdf
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CHAPTER 7
UnderstandingArchitecturalDrawing
an arArchitecturalSymbols
How to learnArchitecturalDrafting
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1. Understanding Architectural
Drawing
Introduction
Architectural drawing shows the lan and !iew ofa building"
This tye of drawing is necessary for constructionof building and as reference for contractors in
mee ng sec ca ons" Architects and draftsman are resonsible for
rearing the building drawings"
The drawing is resented in the form of
orthograhic drawing and drawn according to theU#E $Uniform #uilding Enactment %&'()"
Drawn using standard architectural symbols*dimension* material secification and +ualityaccording to re+uired design"
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1. Understanding Architectural
Drawing
Architectural Drawing Elements
a) Plan Drawing Plan location
Site Plan
,loor Plan Roof Plan
b) Ele!ation
,ront -iew Right./eft Side -iew
#ac0.Rear -iew
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a) Plan Drawing
Location Plan
shows the location of proposed
project or building.
looks like a map which gives a
rec on or n orma on o e
proposed site and it is unnecessary todraw with scale.
it shows the wind direction (N =
North). Others existing features will
be including in the location plan suchas nearest building as the landmark,
access road with the name
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a) Plan Drawing
Site Plan
A site plan drawing showing various
properties in terms of their owners,locations, elevations, states of
develo ment and features such as
roads, utility supply lines, anddimension.
The importance of site plan is easy
to contractor to manage the site area
for them to locate and loading theconstruction material, machine and
build temporary building
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a) Plan Drawing
Floor Plan
The floor plans communicate the
overall construction requirement tothe builder.
ym o s are use on oor p ans o
describe items associated with livingin the home, such as doors, windows,
cabinets, furniture and plumbing
fixtures.
Floor plans are representation of animaginary horizontal cut made
approximately 1200mm (40ht) abovethe floor line.
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a) Plan Drawing
Roof Plan
Roof plan describes the design of
roof, dimensions, the pitch whichviewed from above.
oo p an s op v ew u ng an
only show roof construction plan.
The building line is show in roof plan
as hidden line.
It also shows the direction of rain fall
and also the building line as hidden
elements.
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b) Elevation Drawing
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b) Elevation Drawing
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1. Understanding Architectural
Drawing
Architectural Drawing Elements
c) Sectional Drawing
Shows cross1section of a building and other details"
The information in a sectional drawing includes height*com onent si2es and construction material s ecification"
E3amle of sectional drawing"d) Detailed Drawing
Shows building arts such as windows* doors* roofs andstairs"
4nformation 5 shae* name* si2e* material used etc"
Drawn in form of orthograhic* sectional or isometric"
Scale 5 %68* %698* %6%8 and %69
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c) Sectional Drawing
Section symbol
A section is a view of a
building or objectobtained by making animaginary cut through it.
The term section is
XX
mainly used where thecut is made in a vertical
direction, and this is so in
the case of location
sections.
Usually there are twodirection of section;- X-X
section and Y-Y section.
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d) Detailed Drawing
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2. Standard Architectural
Symbols
Introduction
Reresent the tye and shae of a secificmaterial used in the building construction"
:ostly based on the #ritish Standard $#"S) and:alaysian Standard $:"S)"
Symbols are used in Floor plans, Roof plans,Elevations, Sectional drawing and Detaileddrawing to show building comonent such as 6
windows
Doors
Columns
;alls
,loors and etc"
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Finishing In The Building
,igure below indicated the symbols of some finishing in the buildingen!eloes" There are finishing from floors* windows* doors* roofs* walls
and so on" This finishing elements will be used as a symbols of the naturematerials or structures"
2. Standard Architectural Symbols
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Symbols And Furniture In The Building
:any symbols has been de!eloed in the drawing" ,igure belowshows the detail of the symbologies"
2. Standard Architectural Symbols
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Symbols And Furniture In The Building
:any symbols has been de!eloed in the drawing" ,igure below showsthe detail of the symbologies"
2. Standard Architectural Symbols
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3. ow to learn Architectural
Dra!ting
a) Layout plan drafting techniues !
STEP 1:
1. Draw the gridlines for each wall, column and beam for every space. The dimension is
measured from centre to centre of wall.
STEP 3:
1. Draw the symbols such as doors, window, wall, and sanitary
2. Name the space such as living hall, toilet, kitchen, etc.
3. Insert the dimension for each space.
4. Insert the specification of finishing
5. Insert the hidden line for roof
STEP 2 :
1. Draw the wall thickness by referring to the centre line.
2. Identify the position of door, window and the opening.
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3. ow to learn Architectural
Dra!tingSTEP 1:1. Draw the gridlines for each wall, column and beam for every space. The dimension is
measured from centre to centre of wall.
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3. ow to learn Architectural
Dra!tingSTEP 2 :1. Draw the wall thickness by referring to the centre line.
2. Identify the position of door, window and the opening.
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(b) Elevation drafting techniques
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(c) Roof plan drafting techniques
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he end than$ ou.
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