arce350 ch1 introduction 2015 file2
Post on 01-Jun-2018
222 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
1/12
Lecture OutlineTopics:
– Classification of Materials – Advanced Materials – Modern Material Needs
Reading: – pp. 6-17
HW # 1 (due 1/26): – Pb. 1.1 (modified)
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
2/12
Types of MaterialsMetals
Iron Steel
• 98% of iron is used to make steel• Steel = iron + (0.2 →2.1%wt) C + others • Used for strength-critical applications
Aluminum
• It is easy to form• It is abundant• It is inexpensive• It is recyclable
Copper
• High electrical conductivity• High thermal conductivity• High ductility
Nickel
• Withstand high temperatures• Good corrosion resistance
• High strength• Low weight• Good corrosion
resistance
Titanium
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
3/12
Types of MaterialsPolymers
PVC
• Thermoplastic(soften when heated -harden when cooled)• Durable• Easily worked• Inexpensive
PMMA
• Transparent• Strong• Lightweight• Good impact
strength
Silicone Rubber
• Superior resistance to UV• Superior weather resistant
Polyurethane Foam
• Soft• Low density• Elastic
Polystyrene
• Limited flexibility• Easily molded• Good thermal insulator
Epoxy
• Thermoset(do not soften when heated)• High strength bonding• Rigid
• Degrades at high T
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
4/12
Types of MaterialsCeramics
CMU
• Concrete MasonryUnit
• High compressivestrength
Si 3N4
• Silicon Nitride• Chemically inert
• Harder than metal• Good thermal shockresistance
• Long operating lifetime
• Amorphous solid• Transparent• Brittle• Poor electricity conductor
Glass
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
5/12
Types of MaterialsComposites
GFRC
• Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete• High flexural strength• High tensile strength• High compressive strength
Airbus A 380
Zaragoza Bridge Pavilion
• GLARE: Glass Laminate Aluminum ReinforcedEpoxy
• High damage tolerance• High corrosion resistance• High fire resistance• Lightweight
Oriented Strand Board
• Engineeredwood
• High strength• High rigidity• Water resistant
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
6/12
Types of Materials• Metals
– Strong but ductile – High thermal and electrical conductivity – Optically opaque and reflective
• Polymers (Long chains of molecules, usually containing H and C)
– Soft, ductile, low strength, low density – Thermal and electrical insulators – Can be optically opaque, translucent, or transparent
• Ceramics ( Compounds of metallic and non-metallic elements)-- oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides -- – Brittle, low-elasticity – Thermal and electrical insulators – Can be optically opaque, translucent, or transparent
• Composites
( Combination of two of the above: matrix and reinforced phases) – Combine desired properties of its constituents
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
7/12
Comparison Between MaterialCategories
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
8/12
Comparison Between MaterialCategories
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
9/12
Comparison Between MaterialCategories
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
10/12
Comparison Between MaterialCategories
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
11/12
Comparison Between MaterialCategories
-
8/9/2019 ARCE350 Ch1 Introduction 2015 File2
12/12
Advanced Materials• “Smart” Materials
• Change properties depending on external stimulus• Piezoelectric• Temperature responsive polymers• Halochromic• Photomechanical• Self-healing
• High Temperature Materials
• Metallic Foams• Used as high temperature filters
• Used in heat exchangers
• Biomaterials
• Advanced Coatings
top related