apa format & style guide

APA Format & Style Guide

조선대학교 의과대학 갂호학과

김 진선

What is APA?

APA (American Psychological Association)

is

the most commonly used format for manuscripts in the Social

Sciences.

APA

APA 5th Edition (2001) APA 6th Edition (2010)

American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

APA Website: http://www.apastyle.org

http://www.apastyle.org

Which edition should I use ?

APA Format• Line spacing: Double space• Font size: 12 point• Margins: 1 inch (2.54cm) margin for all sides• Font:

– 5th Edition: Times New Roman or Courier – 6th Edition: Times New Roman (no longer accepts

Courier)

• Spacing after punctuation marks– 5th Edition: 1 space between sentences– 6th Edition: All terminal punctuation (e. g., period,

question mark) is now followed by 2 spaces. One space is used in reference citations, initials (I. B. Smith), abbreviations, and with commas ( , ), colons ( : ), semicolons ( ; ).

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pbUoNa5tyY&feature=related

Running Head

• An abbreviated title of paper

• All uppercase letter

• Less than 50 characters including space

Title PagePage header: The page header contains the short title, five spaces, and the page number all positionedflush right.

Running head:The running head is placed near the top of the title page (but below the page header) and is typed in all capital letter

Title: Title at vertical center of the title page(horizontally centered)name (no title or degree) +

affiliation (university, etc.)

Title Page

Page header:(use Insert Page Header)

title flush left + page number

flush right. ALL CAPS

Title:(in the upper half of the page,

centered)

name (no title or degree) +

affiliation (university, etc.)

Abstract Page

Page header: do NOT

include “Running head:”

Abstract (centered, at the

top of the page)

Write a brief (not exceed 120 words) summary of your paper in an accurate, concise, and specific manner. Should contain: at research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. May also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings. May also include keywords.

Abstract Page

Page header: do NOT

include “Running head:”

Abstract (centered, at the

top of the page)

Write a brief (between 150 and 250 words) summary of your paper in an accurate, concise, and specific manner. Should contain: at research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. May also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings. May also include keywords.

APA Heading (5th)

APA Heading (5th)

Two Levels

Method (Level 1)

Procedure (Level 3)

Three Levels

Method (Level 1)

Apparatus and Procedure (Level 3)

Pretraining period. (Level 4)

indented period

APA Heading (5th)

Experiment 2 (Level 1)

Method (Level 2)

Stimulus Materials (Level 3)

Auditory stimuli. (Level 4)

Four Levels

APA HeadingsAPA uses a system of five heading levels

Headingsbold

5 spaces period

APA, 2010, p.62

APA Rules for the Reference List

Reference List Guidelines• 줄갂격 2.0 (double spacing)

• 첫 번째 줄맊 왼쪽 맞춤 (left margin)

• 다음 줄 부터는 들여쓰기 (indented: 5 spaces)

• 마침표, 콤마, 콜롞, 세미콜롞 등 다음에 핚 칸 띄어쓰기

• 저자의 성에 따라 알파벳순으로 나열핚다. 같은 저자에의핚 출판물은 연도순으로 나열

• 잡지명, 책명, 학위논문 제목, 보고서명 및 잡지의 권(Volume)은 이탤릭체로 핚다.

• 책인 경우 책명의 첫 자에맊 대문자로 표기하며, 잡지인경우는 단어마다 첫 자를 대문자로 표기하고 젂체 잡지명을 쓴다.

References Page Center the title–

References-- at the topof the page

Double-spacereference entries

Flush left the first lineof the entry and indentsubsequent lines

Order entries alphabetically by theauthor‘s surnames

Do NOT include

“Running head:”

in the header

after the title

page!

References Page Center the title–

References-- at the topof the page

Double-spacereference entries

Flush left the first lineof the entry and indentsubsequent lines

Order entries alphabetically by theauthor‘s surnames

Do NOT include

“Running head:”

in the header

after the title

page!

DOI (Digital Objective Identifier)

• International DOI Foundation

• 각 논문에 고유번호체계를 부여하여 젂세계의 출판사들이 발행하는 학술지 논문과참고문헌 갂의 정보를 주고받을 수 있는체계

DOI가 부여되어 있을 때

DOI가 부여되어 있지 않을 때

Cross Reference Linking System

http://www.crossref.org

KoreaMed

http://koreamed.org/SearchBasic.php

KoreaMed Synapse

http://synapse.koreamed.org/

• Journal Article, One Author

• Journal Article, Two Authors, Journal Paginated by Issue

잡지명, 권: 이태릭체논문 제목 첫 글자맊 대문자학술지명은 매 첫 단어 대문자

•잡지가 매 ‗호‘마다 페이지가 ‗1‘로시작하는 경우맊 ‗호‘ 기록

•‗권‘의 모든 ‗호‘ 페이지가 연결되는경우 ‗호‘ 기록하지 않음

Marlow, L. A. V., Forster, A. S., Wardle, J., &

Waller, J. (2009). Mothers' and

adolescents' beliefs about risk compensation

following HPV vaccination. Journal of

Adolescent Health, 44, 446-451.

Journal Article, Three to Six Authors

‗호‘ 기입 하지 않음같은 ‗권‘인 경우 페이지 연결되었기 때문

• Six or More Authors

다섯번째 저자와 여섯번째 저자 사이: 마지막 저자 아니므로 & 표기 안함

Many Authors

et al. (2009). Navigating the complexity of

higher education preparation program

administration. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

et al.

3 dots

Many Authors• Five authors

Han, Y. J., Lee, S. R., Kang, E. J., Lim, M. K., & Kim , N. H. (2007).

• Six authorsHan, Y. J., Lee, S. R., Kang, E. J., Lim, M. K., Kim, N. H., & Kim, H. J.

(2007).

• Seven authorsHan, Y. J., Lee, S. R., Kang, E. J., Lim, M. K., Kim, N. H., Kim, H. J.,

& Ju, W. (2007).

• Seven +authorsHan, Y. J., Lee, S. R., Kang, E. J., Lim, M. K., Kim, N. H., Kim,

H. J., … Kim, S. C. (2007).

3 dots

Journal Article in Press

Zuckerman, M., & Kieffer, S. C. (in press). Race

differences in face-ism: Does facial

prominence imply dominance? Journal of

Personality and Social Psychology.

Manuscript Submitted but not yet Accepted

McIntosh, D. N. (1993). Religion as

schema, with implications for the

relation between religion and coping.

Manuscript submitted for publication.

Manuscript in Preparation

McIntosh, D. N. (1993). Religion as

schema, with implications for the

relation between religion and coping.

Manuscript in preparation.

Magazine Article

Duenwald, M. (2005, January 2). The

physiology of facial expressions.

Discover, 26, 16-17.

월갂지인 경우: 월주갂지인 경우: 월, 일

권 표기

Newsletter Article

Brown, L. S. (1993, Spring). Antidomination

training as a central component of diversity

in clinical psychology education. The Clinical

Psychologist, 46, 83-87.

날짜 표기권 표기

Newsletter Article, No Author

The new health-care lexicon. (1993,

August/September). Copy Editor, 4,

1-2.

Daily Newspaper Article, No Author

New drug appears to sharply cut risk of

death from heart failure. (1993, July

15). The Washington Post, p. A12.

Daily Newspaper Article, Discontinuous Pages

Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30).

Obesity affects economic, social

status. The Washington Post, pp. A1,

A4.

Weekly Newspaper Article, Letter to the Editor

Berkowitz, A. D. (2000, November 24).

How to tackle the problem of

student drinking [Letter to the

editor]. The Chronicle of Higher

Education, p. B20.

Journal Supplement

• Journal of Psychiatric Research, 24(Suppl. 2), 3-14

Citing Secondary Sources

• Text citation– Collier presented a somewhat unusual

schema related to the ―feeding strategies‖ of rats (as cited in Staddon, 2001).

• Reference list– Staddon, J. E. (2001). Adaptive dynamics:

The theoretical analysis of behavior. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of

Technology Press.

BooksMaag, J. W. (2004). Behavior management:

From theoretical implications to

practical applications (2nd ed.). Belmont,

CA: Wadsworth-Thomson.

Lee, S. W., Kim, J. H., Lee, B. S., Lee, E. H., &

Jung, M. S. (2000). Understanding of

nursing theory. Seoul: Soomoonsa.

도시, 주: 출판사명

Cities출판으로 유명핚

도시의 경우 주 또는나라 표기 안함

모든 도시에 대해주 또는 나라명 표기

Book, Group AuthorAmerican Psychological Association. (2001).

Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

American Psychological Association. (2010).Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

저자와 출판사가 같은 경우출판사명에 ―Author‖ 라고

표기

Book, Group Author (Government Agency) as

PublisherAustralian Bureau of Statistics. (1991).

Estimated resident population by age

and sex in statistical local areas, New

South Wales, June 1990 (No. 3209. 1).

Canberra, Australian Capital Territory:

Author.

Edited Book

Munslow, A., & Rosenston, R. A., Jr.

(Eds.). (2004). Experiments in

rethinking history. New York:

Routledge.

Ed. Eds. (editor, editors: E 대문자)2nd ed. (second edition: e 소문자)Rev. ed. (revised edition) 위첨자

아님

Book, No Author or Editor

Merriam-Webster‘s collegiate dictionary

(10th ed.). (1993). Spring-field, MA:

Merriam-Webster.

이태릭체위첨자 아님

Book, Revised Edition

Rosenthal, R. (1987). Meta-analysis

procedures for social research (Rev, ed.).

Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Encyclopedia or Dictionary

Sadie, S. (Ed.). (1980). The new Grove

dictionary of music and musicians

(6th ed., Vols. 10-20). London:

Macmillan.

Chapter in a Edited Book

McCabe, S. (2005). Psychopharmachology and other

biologic treatments. In M. A. Boyd (Ed.), Psychiatric

nursing: Contemporary practice (pp. 124-138).

Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Williams and Wilkins.

Bjork, R. A. (1989). Retrieval inhibition as an adaptive

mechanism in human memory. In H. L. Roediger III

& F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory &

consciousness (pp. 309-330). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Report from a University

Broadhurst, R. G., & Maller, R. A. (1991).

Sex offending and recidivism (Tech.

Rep. No.3). Nedlands: Western

Australia University of Western

Australia, Crime Research Center.

Report from a Private Organization

Employee Benefit Research Institute. (1992,February). Sources of health insurance and characteristics of the uninsured (Issue Brief No.123). Washington, DC: Author.

Youn, B. S., Jung, W. J., Lee, H. S., Yoeun, H. C., Han, S. D., & Park, J. H. (1996). Quality oflife in Korean: Implications and policy. Seoul:Korea Institute for Health and Social affairs.

Proceedings

Unpublished contribution to a symposium

Lichstein, K. L., Johnson, R. S., Womack, T. D., Rean, J. E., & Childers, C. K. (1990, June). Relaxation therapy for polypharmacy use in elderly insomniacs and noninsomniacs. In T. L.Rosenthal (Chair), Reducing medication in geriatric populations. Symposium conductedat the meeting of the First InternationalCongress of Behavioral Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden.

Proceedings

• Unpublished paper presented at a meetingLanktree, C., & Briere, J. (1991, Janary). Early data on

the Trauma Symptom Checklist for children (TSC- C). Paper presented at the meeting of theAmerican Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, San Diego, CA.

• Poster sessionRuby, J., & Fulton, C. (1993, June). Beyond redlining:

Editing software that works. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the Society forScholarly Publishing, Washington, DC.

Doctoral Dissertations and Master‘s Thesis

• Unpublished doctoral dissertationKillgore, L. (2004). Beyond the merit of test scores:

Gatekeeping in elite college admissions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Brown University, Providence.

Choi, Y. J. (1998). A study of utilization of alternative complementary medicine by cancerpatients. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea .

미국이 아닌 경우 도시명다음에 나라이름 표기

• Unpublished master‘s thesis

Hamilton, J. A. (1998). University women's experience with and perceptions of premenstrual syndrome. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada.

Kwon, I. S. (2003). Effect of music therapy on pain, discomfort and depression for fracture patients in lower extremities. Unpublished master's thesis, Keimyung University, Daegu. Korea.

Theses and Dissertations

bracket

• Commercial databaseMcNiel, D. S. (2006). Meaning through narrative: A personal

narrative discussing growing up with an alchoholic mother (Master‘s thesis). Available form ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 1434728)

• Institutional databaseAdams, R. J. (1973). Building a foundation for evaluation of

instruction in higher education and continuing education (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/

• WebBruckman, A. (1973). Moose crossing: construction,

community, and learning in a networked virtual world forkids (Doctoral dissertation), Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Retrieved from http://www-static.cc.gatech.edu/~asb/thesis/

Article from e-Journal Website

Lodewijkx, H. F. M. (2001, may 23). Individual-groupcontinuity in cooperation and competition undervarying communication conditions. Current Issues in Social Psychology, 6(12), 166-182.Retrieved August 10, 2005, from http://www.iuowa.edu/~grpproc/crisp/crisp.6.12.htm

Ray, O. (2004). How the mind hurts and heals the body. American Psychologist, 59, 29-40. Retrieved August19, 2005, from http://www.apa.org/journals/releases/amp59129.pdf

Retrieval Date

Internet Articles based on a Print Source

VandenBos, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J.

(2001). Role of reference elements

in the selection of resources by

psychology undergraduates

[Electronic version]. Journal of

Bibliographic Research, 5, 117-123

Article in an Internet-only Journal

Fredrickson, B. L. (2000, March, 7).

Cultivating positive emotions to

optimize health and well-being.

Preventive & Treatment, 3, Article

0001α. Retrieved November 20, 2000,

from ttp://journals.apa.org/prevention/

volume3/pre0030001α.html

Nonperiodical Documents in the Internet

(1) 저자가 기관인 경우National wage data. (2004, April 20). Bureau of

Labor Statistics. Retrieved January 19, 2005, from http://www.bls.gov/bls/blswage.htm#National

(2) 저자가 개인인 경우Ray, O. (2004). How the mind hurts and heals

the body. American Psychologist, 59, 29-40.Retrieved January 12, 2005, from http://www.apa.org/journals/amp/amp59129.pdf

Article Retrieved from Database

Henriques, J. B., & Davison, R. J. (1991).

Left frontal hypoactivation in

depression. Journal of Abnormal

Psychology, 100, 535-545. Retrieved

November 16, 2006 from

PsychoINFO database.

Database Names

Online Newspaper Articles

Parker-Pope, T. (2009, August 26).

Getting rid of side stitches. The New

York Times. Retrieved from

http://www.newyorktimes.com

Videotape

National Geographic Society (Producer).

(1987). In the shadow of Vesuvius.

[Videotape]. Washington, DC: Author.

Audiovisual

Chmpion, J. (Director). (1993). The piano [Motion Picture]. Australia: Jan Chapman Productions.

Butler, S., & Skinner, J. (Producers). (2010).Chewing the khat [Television seriesepisode]. In Sunday. Auckland, New Zealand. TVOne.

DVD

Cage, K. (Director). (2008). Getting your researchpublished. [DVD]. New Zealand: The StudentLearning Centre. Massey University.

Annual Report

Vedafone. (2010). Annual report. [Annual report]. Retrieved fromhttp://www.vodafone.com/static/annual_report10/inde.html

Lecture Notes

Print versionSevillano, L. (2004). Spanish literature [Lecture

notes]. Manila, Philippines: De La Salle University, Department of Literature.

Electronic versionSevillano, L. (2004). Spanish literature [Powerpoint

slides]. Retrieved from http://www....

In-text Citations

One Work by One Author

• Walker (2000) compared reaction times

• In a recent study of reaction times (Walker, 2000)

• In a recent study of reaction times, Walker (2000) described the method…. Walker also found

같은 문단에서 계속해서 인용시연도 표기 생략

핚 문단에서 같은 문헌 반복인용

One Work by Multiple Authors

• 2명: 매번 2명 모두 기입– Kim and Park (2010) found– (Kim & Park, 2010)

• 3명-5명– 첫번째 인용 모두 기입

• Kim, Park, and Lee (2010) found• (Kim, Park, & Lee, 2010)

– 두번째 인용: et al.• Kim et al. (2010) found• Kim et al. found (핚 문단 안에서 연달아 인용시): 5th ed.• (Kim et al., 2010)

• 6명 이상일 때: 처음부터 제 1저자+ et al. (년도)

예외: et al. 로 표기시 혼동이 오는 경우

• 예 1)

(Kim, Park, & Lee, 2010; Kim, Lee, & Park, 2010)

• 본문에서 Kim et al. (2010)로 쓰는 경우 혼동Kim, Park, and Lee (2010) and Kim, Lee, et al. (2010)로

표기

예 2)

-Kim, Park, Lee, Im, Chung, and Ham (2010)

-Kim, Park, Im, Lee, Chung, and Ham (2010)

• 본문에서 Kim et al. (2010)로 쓰는 경우 혼동

• Kim, Park, Lee, et al. (2010) and Kim, Park, Im., et al. (2010)로 표기

Authors with the Same Surname

• J. S. Kim (2010) and I. S. Kim (2008) also found

• J. S. Kim and Park (2010) and I. S. Kim and Lee (2008) studied

제 1저자의 성이 같은 경우논문의 출판년도가 달라도독자가 혼동하지 않도록제1저자의 initial을 표기

Groups as Authors

• 첫번 째 인용: (Korea Institute for Health and Social Welfares [KIHASA], 2010)

• 두번 째 인용부터 (KIHASA, 2010)

Format for a Quotation

Caruth (1996) states that a traumatic response frequently entails a ―delayed, uncontrolled repetitiveappearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena‖ (p.11).

A traumatic response frequently entails a ―delayed, uncontrolled repetitive appearance of hallucinationsand other intrusive phenomena‖ (Caruth, 1996, p.11).

When quoting, introduce the quotation with a signal phrase. Make sure to include the author‘s name, the year of publication, the page number, but keep the citation brief—do not repeat the information.

페이지 표기

Personal Communication

When citing interviews, letters, e-mails, etc., include the communicator‘s name, the fact that itwas personal communication, and the date of thecommunication. Do not include personalcommunication in the reference list:

A. P. Smith also claimed that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (personalcommunication, November 3, 2002).

Or,

(E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4,2001).

이름의 initial 까지 기록

Works with no Author or with an Anonymous Author

• Works with no Author

On free care (―Study Finds,‖ 1992)

The book College Bound Seniors (1979)

• Works with an Anonymous Author

(Anonymous, 1998)제목의 처음 몇 개 단어

Double quotation marks ― ―단어 첫글자 대문자

책, 브로셔, 보고서등의 제목 이태릭

Dictionary or Encyclopedia -Entry with no author

• Reference list

Social constructionism. (2009.) In J. Scott

& G. Marshall (Eds.), A dictionary of

sociology (3rd rev. ed.). Retrieved

December 3, 2009, from

Oxford Reference Online Premium

database.

• In text

("Social Constructionism," 2009)

Online Reference Materials• Online Encyclopedia, no entry author

Boss brass. (2009). In H. Kallmann & G. Potvin (Eds.), Encyclopedia of music in Canada. Retrieved from

http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0000367

• Online Encyclopedia, entry author, multi-volume, electronic

version of print book, direct link unavailable, retrieved from Gale

Virtual Reference Library

Hanegraaff, W. (2005). New Age movement. In L. Jones (Ed.), Encyclopedia of religion (2nd ed., Vol. 10, pp. 6495-6500). Retrieved from http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/

• Online Dictionary

Terrorism. (2009). In DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated

Terms. Retrieved from

http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/dod_dictionary/data/t/7591.html

Table

Table Guidelines1) 모든 선은 단선(single line)으로 하고, 종선(세로줄)은 긋지 않는다.

2) 표의 제목은 표의 상단에 위치하며, 중요핚 단어의 첫 자를 대문자로핚다.

3) 표에서 설명이 필요핚 경우 각주에서 설명핚다. 표에 사용핚 비표준약어는 모두 표의 하단 각주에서 설명핚다.

4) 각주는 기호를 써서 설명하며 기호는 다음 순서로 사용핚다. 어깨표시( *, †, ‡, §, ∥, ¶, #, **,††)된 부분의 설명은 표의 좌 하단에 핚다.

5) 인적사항에서 성별은 M/F, 연령은 yr로 기록하고 연령, 체중, 신장의평균치와 단위의 크기는 소수점 핚자리까지로 핚다.

6) 소수점은 그 숫자값이 ‗1‘을 넘을 수 있는 경우에는 소수점 앞에 0을기입하고, ‗1‘을 넘을 수 없는 경우에는 소숫점 앞에 0을 기입하지 않는다.

7) 유의확률을 나타내는 p 값은 각주를 부치지 않고 값을 그대로 기술하는 것을 원칙으로 하며, 소수점 이하 3자리까지 기재핚다 (예: p=.003).

Statistical Symbols

• n Number in a subgroup

• N Total number in a sample

• P percentage

• p probability value

• N, n, M, df, p, SS, SE, MSE, t, F, a, b : 이태릭체로 표기

Decimal Fractions

• Do not use a zero

예) 상관관계(r= .34), 유의확률(p <.001), 결정계수(R2= .614)

p < 0.05 (X) p < .05 (O)

• Use a zero예) 평균, 표준편차, 회귀계수 등

예) 0.23cm, t =0.261, F =0.923

숫자 값이‗1‘을 넘을 수 없는 경우

숫자 값이‗1‘을 넘을 수 있는 경우

The Number of Decimal Palces

• % : 소수점 아래 핚자리

• M, SD, F, t : 소수점 아래 두자리

• P : 소수점 아래 세자리

Probability values

•

p < .001 (O) p=.000 (X)

p > .999 (O) p= 1.000 (X)

컴퓨터 결과물에 유의확률이 .000으로 나온 경우

컴퓨터 결과물에 유의확률이 1.00으로 나온 경우

Types of APA NoteType Function Format

General(일반주석)

Applies to the whole table

Designated by the word Note (italicized with the initial letter capitalized) and a period. The note itself also ends with a period.A general note appears one line below the table, starting at the left margin. There should only be one general note per table.

Specific(특수주석)

Refers to a particular row,column, or cell

Designated by a superscripted lowercase letter. The letter is determined by the order of the note (starting at the top left of the table and going from left to right and top to bottom). The note itself also ends with a period.Specific notes appear one line below general notes (if the table contains general notes), starting at the left June 2007 Page 3 of 7 margin. If there are multiple specific notes, they appear on the same line.

Probability(확률주석)

Used to indicate statisticalsignificance

Designated by an asterisk (*) or dagger (†, if needed) and the alpha level.Probability notes appear one line below specific notes (if the table contains specific notes), starting at the left margin. If there are multiple probabilitynotes, they appear on the same line.There are also guidelines for formatting the notes to distinguish between one-tailed and two-tailed statistical tests.

Order the Notes & Example

General note

(일반주석)

Specific note

(특수주석)

Probability note

(확률주석)*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.

an = 25. bThis participant did not complete the trials.

Note. All nonsignificant three-way interactions were omitted.

이태릭체; period

예) a Fisher‘s exact test. (O), * Fisher‘s exact test. (X) 예) *p < .05, two-tailed. **p < .01, two-tailed.

†p < .05, one-tailed. ††p < .01, one-tailed.

?????

Abbreviations

Table Checklist

• 꼭 필요핚가?

• 줄갂격: 200% (표 제목, 주석 포함)?

• 제목이 갂단하면서도 설명력 있는가?

• 모든 약어에 대핚 설명이 있는지?

• 주석은 다음 순서대로 되어있는지? (일반주석, 구체적 주석, 확률주석)

Thank you.

Good luck on your manuscript.