anatomy physiology exercise physiology anatomical position planes/axis flexion/extension...

A N A T O M Y P H Y S I O L O G Y E X E R C I S E P H Y S I O L O G Y A N A T O M I C A L P O S I T I O N P L A N E S / A X I S F L E X I O N / E X T E N S I O NA B D U C T I O N / A D D U C T I O N I N T E R N A L / E X T E R N A L R O T A T I O NC I R C U M D U C T I O N S U P I N A T I O N P R O T R A C T I O N / R E T R A C T I O NE V E R S I O N / I N V E R S I O N E L E V A T I O N / D E P R E S S I O N O P P O S T I T I O N / R E P O S I T I O N

A N T E R I O R & P O S T E R I O RI N F E R I O R & S U P E R I O RM E D I A L & L A T E R A LD I S T A L & P R O X I M A LS U P E R F I C I A L & D E E P

PE TERMINOLOGY

Power Point Terminology Assignment

Create a PP for each definition that includes a brief written defintion of the term and shows a picture (labeled) of the position or movement.

Place it in the in box for 12 Ldr – TermsDue for Tues Feb 23rd.

Late projects10% deducted for each day it is lateAfter 5 days an incomplete will be given and you will come

in during a noon or recess until it is completed.

THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURES OF THE BODY. NAMING THE PARTS OF THE BODY . IN MECHANICS IT WOULD MEAN KNOWING THE PARTS OF THE CAR

Anatomy

Exercise Physiology

The study of how exercise affects our body’s functions.

The physiology of a car would mean knowing how the parts work. How the cylinders and rods work to make the engine go…

Planes and Axis

Sagittal plane – forward and backward movements Frontal plane – sideways movements Transverse plane – horizontal movements

Axis are points around which we rotate Longitudinal Axis – is vertical running head to toe Antero Posterior Axis – extends from front to back Horizontal Axis – extends from side to side

THE BODY IS POSITIONED FACE FRONT, EYES FORWARD, THUMB ON ONE ARM TURNED OUT AND TOES FORWARD.

Anatomical Position

Flexion & Extension

Flexion – reducing the angle of a joint. Flexion occurs in the Sagittal plane. Ie – bending the elbow is flexion

Extension – enlarging the angle of a joint. Extension takes place in the Sagittal plane Straightening the knee is extension

Abduction & Adduction

Abduction – moving an arm or leg sideways away from the center of the body. (lateral arm raise)

Adduction – is the opposite of abduction, moving an arm or leg from the side toward the center of the body. (the arm outstretched to the side is dropped to your side)

Internal/External Rotation

Internal rotation -Rotating your hip, knee and foot toward the midline or in toward the middle.

External rotation – rotating your bent arm away from the midline (see below)

Circumduction

Making circles with arms straight out. This is really a combination of Flexion, Extension, Abduction and Adduction.

Trunk rotations are also an example of Circumduction

Supination/Pronation

Supination -Turning your thumb out with palm facing front

Pronation –turning your thumb in with the palm facing down

Protraction/Retraction

Protraction - movement in a forward direction such as sticking your chin out

Retraction - moving in a backward direction such as pushing your shoulders back and squeezing your shoulder blades together

Dorsi flexion/Plantar flexion

Dorsi Flexion - Flex the ankle to pull your toes toward your head

Plantar Flexion - Standing on your toes. Opposite of Dorsiflexion

Inversion/Eversion

Inversion - stand on the out inner edge of your feet

Eversion - stand on the outside edge of your feet

Elevation/Depression

Elevation - movement in an upward direction such as shrugging the shoulders

Depression - movement in a downward direction such as slumping the shoulders

Opposition/Reposition

Opposition - touching ones finger (s) to the thumb. Allows us to grasp and manipulate tools

Reposition - opposite of opposition. Returning thumb and fingers to normal position

Anterior & Posterior

Anterior refers to forward surfaces of the body. Toward the front

Posterior refers to back surfaces of the body. Toward the back

Ie – the spine is posterior on the body while the eyes are anterior

Superior & Inferior

Superior refers to upward surfaces

Inferior refers to downward surfaces

Ie – the head is superior to the knee while the feet are inferior to the knee

Medial & Lateral

Medial means toward the center midline of the body

Lateral means away from the midline to the side

Ie – Feet apart is movement laterally while feet together is a medial movement

Proximal & Distal

Proximal means toward the point of attachment of a limb to the body

Distal is the opposite or away from the attachment to the body

Ie – the fingers are distal on the arm while the elbow more proximal

Superficial & Deep

Superficial means toward the surface of the skin

Deep means toward the inner core of the body