anatomy and physiology tissue chapter

Tissues

And this type.....

Epithelial TissueGeneral Characteristics: - Found throughout the body, covers all body surfaces both inside and out. - Main glandular tissue. - Attached to underlying connective tissue by noncellular nonliving basement membrane. - Usually has no vascular tissue - blood supply - Cells reproduce rapidly (rapid healing). - Cells tightly packed together

Where does all the dead skin you shed go?

It takes about 27 days for the outer layer of skin to shed and be replaced; that works out to 1.5 pounds of skin cells per year.

Epithelial tissue is named based on its description

simple = single layerstratified = multiple layers squamous = flatcuboidal = squarecolumnar = column (rectangle)

Simple Squamous

Function: diffusion and filtration. Air sacs in lungs, walls of capillaries

Simple Cuboidal

Function: Secretion and Absorption

Found in kidneys tubules, ducts and covering the ovaries

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Simple Columnar

Function: Secretion and Absorption

Found in Digestive tract and uterus

*Contains goblet cells to secrete mucus

*Can have microvilli

Stratified Squamous

Multi layer squamous, functions in protection

Found in skin and mouth

The ink of tattoos must be injected below the basement membrane.

Tissues often come in layers on the body - superficial cuts on the skin may need to be stitched if they also go through the underlying tissue.

This will definitely need stitches!

Pseudostratified ColumnarSingle layer, nuclei are uneven which gives it a layered appearance

Can have goblet cells and cilia

Location: lining air passages and tubes of the reproductive system

Transitional Epithelium

Stretchable

Blocks diffusion (no leaking)

Found in the urinary bladder

Glandular EpitheliumCells are specialized to produce and secrete substances

They make up the GLANDS

exocrine glands | endocrine glands

salivary, sweat hormones

Identify the tissues

Connective TissueGeneral Characteristics: -Most abundant tissue in your body, found throughout-Binds structures together-Provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection, and helps repair tissue.-Composed of more scattered cells with abundant intercellular material ' matrix-Made up of a ground substance (fluid, semi-solid) and fibers-Most has a good blood supply-Cells can reproduce

Types of Cells in Connective Tissue● Mast cells (prevents clots)● Macrophages (consumers)● Fibroblasts (produce fibers)

Collagenous (bones, ligaments, tendons)

Elastic (respiratory)

Main types of FibersCollagenous fibers - strong and flexible bones, tendons and ligaments

Elastic fibers - very flexible, ears and vocal cords

Categories of Connective Tissue

Loose Connective Tissue or Areolar Tissue

Binds underlying organs to skin and to each other

Forms delicate thin membranes throughout the body

Adipose Tissue (fat)

Fibrous Connective Tissue

Tendons = muscles to bones Ligaments = bones to bones

DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CARTILAGE Cartilage cells are called chondrocytes Provides support and attachments, also cushions bones

Hyaline CartilageCovers ends of joints, nose and respiratory passages

Elastic cartilageExternal Ear and Larynx

Hyaline cartilage

Hyaline cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Tough, shock absorbing

Bone Tissue (Osseus)

Blood Tissue

Muscle Tissue

Cardiac muscle

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Nerve Tissue

Nervous tissue (spinal cord)