alternative methods to reducing infiltration and inflow ......sanipor flood grouting april 2003...

Alternative Methods to Reducing Infiltration and Inflow into Sanitary Sewer Laterals

Ed Kelly

Storm Water Control

Services, LLC

Ed Kelly Storm Water Control Services, LLC 8 years as Public Utility Employee (City of

Cleveland & NEORSD), 30 years with Consulting Engineers, 2 years as a Storm Water/Waste Water Utility Contractor

Author of Water Environment Federation, Chapter 5, Manual of Practice, Storm Water Infiltration/Inflow Source Detection

Has Provided over 20 OEPA Contact Hour Presentations on I/I Identification and Removal

Present Owner and Manager of Storm Water Control Services, LLC

Determine Reasons Political or Regulatory?

Is the Fix in the Storm or Sanitary Lateral or Both?

Storm Water Deficient Laterals Can Affect Residential Properties

What are the Causes

of This Flooding?

Uncontrolled Storm Water From a Storm Lateral Can Lead to This !

The Storm Water That

Used To Go Here May Now Be Going

Here

First, Determine the Extent of The Problem Using Flow Data

Site 4 - Manhole 15 - Southwest Portion of the Village

0.00

0.25

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1.00

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1.50

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FL

OW

(m

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0

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RA

IN (

in.)

Site 1 - Manhole 25 - Church and Madison

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Then, Investigate Public System Including Manholes !

How Did You Estimate Manhole Leaks without Water?

What

Will Your

Remedy

Be?

Smoke Testing

Inaccurate Interpretations can Lead

to Inaccurate Results ! Did you cause

the Homeowner to Expend Finances

all the while the Storm Sewer was

deficient !

Comparison of Smoke Testing and Dyed Water Testing

1. One Area with Splashed Downspouts

2. One Area with Downspouts Connected to Curb

3. One Area with Downspouts Connected to Storm

Sewers

Smoke/Dye Testing Comparison 2003

26 - Dye Test Results! 0 - Smoke Test Results!

Which is more Reliable, Quantifiable, Smoke or Dyed

Water Testing ?

Examples of Types of Leaks Dyed Water Testing Found, Smoke Testing Missed !

Public Sewer Dyed Water Testing What’s Broke and What Do You Fix?

Example of Dyed Water Testing of Storm Sewer

What About Mainline Sanitary Sewer in Easements ?

Trenchwater

Well

Monitor

Installation

Results

Trench Water Can Add to The Causes Public Sewer Issues

Remember What’s Broke and Consider What You Should Fix !

Rehab or Replace

Sanitary Lateral ?

Fix the Leaking

Storm?

Excavation and Replacement

Cured In Place Lining

Sliplining Chemical Grouting

Spot Repairs

Public Sewer Rehabilitation Methods

Pipe Bursting

Is the Storm Lateral Exfiltrating or is the Sanitary Lateral Infiltrating, or Do Both

Conditions Exist?

Explain Ownership and Areas of Responsibility

Range of defects: From minor (cracks allowing infiltration) to severe

requiring immediate attention (collapsed pipes)

Main causes of defects: Soil movements, ground settlement over time Corrosion or encrustation Tree root intrusion into pipe Improper lateral construction practices (“break-

ins”) Improper excavation of other utilities (open cut,

HDD installations) Lack of maintenance

Sewer Laterals Are Often in Poor Condition

Private Property Source Removal Plan Fail to Plan, Plan to Fail !

Develop Private Property Source Removal Program

Gather all Decision Makers in a Room and Determine Acceptable Solutions

Nobody Gets in or out until All Agree on Fix(s)

Then and Only Then Test Private Structures

Next, Decide on How You Will Notify Homeowners After You Find Improper

Connections

Friday, May 27, 2005

Cleveland Plain Dealer

Not a Good Public

Education Program !

Plan How You will Provide Public Education to Residents

Describe Proper Drainage

Explain What Can Occur with Uncontrolled Storm Water

Private Property Sewer System

Are Illegal Connections the Problem?

Assumption is When Downspout Pipes Go into the Ground, This Could be an “Illegal Connection” ?

However What Other Examples Exist that can Contribute to Storm Water to the Sanitary Sewer?

Is the Foundation Drain the Problem?

New House Foundation With Drain Tiles

Installed

Storm Laterals the Problem?

Loose Soil and Open Joints Cause Infiltration/Exfiltration

Lateral Develops Sag and Deterioration continues

Sag Allows Exfiltration of Storm Water To Foundation Drain

Are Roots the Problem in Either Storm or Sanitary Laterals?

Blocked or Collapsed Storm Pipes can Cause leaks of Storm Water to Basements, Sump Pumps or Sanitary Sewers

How about Debris in Gutters?

Clogs Outlet and Contributes to

Uncontrolled Storm Water

What About These Splashed Downspouts?

Home With Inactive Sump Pump

Overactive Sump Pumps Can Indicate a Problem Exists

Problem: Sump Runs Continually After Rain

Now Add the Rain !

What if Sump Pumps Discharge to Sanitary Sewer?

Testing Downspouts and Area Drains

Rainfall Simulation

Results Indicate Leaks, Not Direct Connections

Testing The Lateral Trench

Leaks are Observed by CCTV

Camera in Main Sewer at

Lateral Discharge Point

What is Your Criteria for Rainfall Simulation or Testing Private Property

Structures ? 30-Minute 1-Hour 2-Hour

Rain

fall

Flow

Rate Volume

Rain

fall

Flow

Rate Volume

Rain

fall

Flow

Rate Volume

in gal/min gal in

gal/mi

n gal in

gal/mi

n gal

2-Year Storm 1.00 21 623 1.27 13 792 1.57 8 979

5-Year Storm 1.24 26 773 1.57 16 979 1.94 10 1209

10-Year Storm 1.43 30 891 1.81 19 1128 2.24 12 1396

25-Year Storm 1.72 36 1072 2.18 23 1359 2.69 14 1677

How Much Water is Your Contractor

Using in His Testing??

NOTE: The flow rate in GPM assumes a roof with a 1000

square foot surface area

Here’s What Can Happen at Houses with No Gutters or Downspouts

Optional Remedies

Redirect Storm Downspouts and Storm Lateral

Install Sump Pump and Reroute Foundation Drains

Grout or Line Sanitary Lateral

Replace Foundation Drains/Lateral

$250-$750 Dependent on Extent of Piping

$3500 + Dependent on Extent of Piping

$1500-$3000 Dependent on Length of Line

$2500-$15,000

What about Standpipes?

Back Flow Preventer?

Storm Water Redirection

Storm Water is Redirected to Curb or Safe Area To Drain

Downspout Redirection

Standard Splash Block Type

Rain Distributor

Using Methods for Intercepting Uncontrolled Storm Water

Planning Downspout Redirection

Implementing the “Fix” Redirecting Storm Water Flows

Storm Water or Green Solution Examples

The Fix : Foundation Drain vs. Storm Lateral Replacement

This?

Or

This?

Finally, Consider Innovative Ideas Using Rain Barrels and Rain Gardens

What Are Rain Gardens?

Bowl-shaped garden Captures and absorbs stormwater Functional garden

Installing Rain Gardens

At least 10 ft. from house

Not on top of septic system or Sanitary Lateral Pipe

A sunny spot is best

Location, Location, Location

Slow it down, spread it out, soak it in!

Reduce runoff

Remove pollutants

Recharge ground water

And are beautiful

55

Rain Barrels 2001

56

Rain Barrels 2015

Will Your Program Ask Residents to Do

This?

Or

This?

Determine Acceptable Methods of Private Property Rehabilitation

Conventional Fix - Redirect New Shallow PVC Piping to Existing Storm Lateral

Green or Storm Water fixes Include Rainfall Distributer, Rain Gardens, Rain Barrels

Establish Range of Costs for Homeowner Repairs

Consider Potential Grant Program (CHIP) for Funding

The Fix : Redirect Uncontrolled Storm Water to Street Or Storm Sewer

Approximate Material Costs: $200 - $300

Connectors, 50’ Piping, Rain Emitter

(Trencher Rental $175.00/Day)

How Much Can

You Remove?

What about That Sanitary Lateral

Leaks are Observed by CCTV

Camera in Main Sewer at

Lateral Discharge Point

Here’s the Conventional Fix Called Lining Existing Sanitary Lateral

Approximate Costs 50’: $ 2000-$3000

Storm Water or Green Solution Follows:

Sanipor Flood Grouting April 2003 Sealed 26 entire

laterals, plus 5 mainlines and 7 manholes

by flood grouting (Sanipor®)

Cost $580/$1000.00 lateral (approx.)

Fluid exfiltration test to assess effectiveness: immediately and 21 months after

And Now An Alternative

Private Property Rehabilitation

Problems Blocked or Collapsed Storm Laterals Leaking Storm Laterals Improper Storm Connections

Solutions Sanipor Repair Replacement of Storm Lateral Controlled Disconnect (Splash)

Alternative Methods to Reducing Infiltration and Inflow into Sanitary Sewer Laterals

Ed Kelly

Storm Water Control

Services, LLC

Questions ?