agenda 9/18/15 get out cell organelle booklet.. chemical level: a molecule in the membrane that...
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Agenda 9/18/15
•Get out Cell Organelle Booklet.
Chemical level: a molecule in the membrane that encloses a cell
Cellular level: a cell in the stomach lining
Tissue level: layers of tissue in the stomach wall
Organ level: the stomach
Body system level: the digestive system
Organism level: the whole body
1.All life forms are made from one or more cells.
2.Cells only arise from pre-existing cells. 3.The cell is the smallest form of life.
Proposed in 1838 by Schleiden & Schwann
• NO NUCLEUSNO NUCLEUS• Small, simpleSmall, simple• A prokaryotic cell is enclosed by a plasma membrane and is usually encased in a rigid cell wall
–The cell wall may be covered by a sticky capsule
–Inside the cell are its DNA and other parts
• Grow & reproduceGrow & reproduce
•EX. E. coli (bacterial EX. E. coli (bacterial cells)cells)
•HAVE A NUCLEUS & MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES
•Grow & reproduce
•Some live as single cells
•Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, etc.
Plasma membrane
Figure 4.5A
Golgiapparatus
Ribosomes
NucleusSmooth endoplasmicreticulum
Roughendoplasmicreticulum
Mitochondrion
Not in most plant cells
Cytoskeleton
Flagellum
Lysosome
Centriole
Peroxisome
Microtubule
Intermediatefilament
Microfilament
Figure 4.5B
Nucleus
Golgiapparatus
Not inanimal
cells
Centralvacuole
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Mitochondrion
Peroxisome
Plasma membrane
Roughendoplasmicreticulum
Ribosomes
Smoothendoplasmicreticulum
Cytoskeleton
Microtubule
Intermediatefilament
Microfilament
Function: provide support and protection for the cell; allows water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other things to pass through
FOUND ONLY IN PLANT CELLS
Description: Phospholipid Bilayer with proteins embedded in it
Function: Provides a barrier between the inside of the cell and the external environment
Found in ALL Cells
Description: Double-membrane layer
Function: Selectively allows material to pass into and out of the nucleus via the pores
Location: WITHIN the nucleus
Found in all EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Function: controls most cell processes and contains hereditary info of DNA; has chromatin which forms chromosomes during mitosis
Location: near the center of the cell
Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells
Function: Location where ribosomes are made
Location: WITHIN the nucleus.
Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells
Description: DNA bound to proteins that is visible within the nucleus
Location: WITHIN the nucleus.
Description: Condensed chromatin, distinct, thread-like structures containing genetic information.
Location: WITHIN the nucleus.
Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells
TYPES:Free – are floating around in the cytoplasm
Bound – are attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum
Function: Protein Synthesis
Found in ALL cells
Function: use energy from food to make high-energy particles for the cell to use
Location: in the cytoplasm of the cell
Nickname: Powerhouse
Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells
Description: Double membrane structure containing stacks of photosynthetic membranes which contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
Function: Use energy from sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules in a process known as photosynthesis.Found ONLY in PLANT Cells
Description: Folded membrane studded with ribosomes that extends from the nuclear envelope
Function: Protein synthesis can occur ON the ribosomes and then the proteins are modified on the inside of the rough ER.
Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells
Description: Folded membrane that extends from the rough ER or stands alone in the cytoplasm
Function: Contains collections of enzymes for specialized tasks, including assembly of lipids.
Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells
Description: Folded membranes that are stacked and form an assembly line for final modification of proteins
Function: Using enzymes, it attaches carbohydrates & lipids to proteins. From the Golgi, proteins are sent to their final destination in vesicles.
Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells
Function: Contain enzymes used to breakdown lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Lysosomal Enzymes can: - Digest food- Destroy bacteria- Recycle damaged organelles- Function in embryonic development in
animals
Found in MOST EUKARYOTIC Cells
Function: Location for storage of water, salts, proteins & carbohydrates. In plant cells there is usually a single, large, central vacuole that stores liquid.
Found in EUKARYOTIC Cells
Larger in Plant Cells than in Animal Cells
Function: helps the cell maintain its shape; also involved in movement inside the cell
Location: network of protein filaments that goes throughout the cell
Components: Microtubules & Microfilaments
Found in ALL Cells
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