adams’ administration and his supporters, who included many former federalists, began to call...
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The Age of Jackson
Brief Summary…….Adams’ administration and his supporters, who included many
former Federalists, began to call themselves “National
Republicans” to show their support for a strong national
government that would promote commerce, support education,
and fund roads and canals. But Adams was not particularly popular.
On the other hand……
Jackson was extremely popular, having won national fame as hero
of the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812, later in wars
against American Indians in Florida. He was also backed by a well-
orchestrated political organization. Jackson’s followers
(Jacksonian) formed the Democratic Party, claiming to be the true
successors of (Thomas) Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party.
The Democrats believed in small, decentralized government.
Main Idea…
Andrew Jackson’s policies spoke for the common people…..but
violated Native American rights.
The Jacksonian Period (1824-1848) has been
characterized as the era of “the common
man.” To what extent did the period live up
to its characterizations?
Consider the following:Politics, economic development, Federal vs. statepower, treatment of Native Americans
Starter
Objectives:
*Describe tensions between Adams and Jackson
*Explain Jackson’s spoils system and his appeal
*Summarize the effects of the Indian removal Act of 1830
Jackson’s Opponents in 1824
John Quincy Adams[MA]
Henry Clay[KY]
John C. Calhoun[SC]
William H. Crawford[GA]
Election of 1824
*Andrew Jackson won by popular vote
- popular vote: the vote for a U.S. presidential candidate made by the qualified voters, as opposed to that made by the electoral college.
*But lacked the majority electoral vote…..
- electoral vote: the vote cast in the electoral college of the U.S. by the representatives of each state in a presidential election.
Henry Clay• Because of his power in the
House• Clay could swing the election
either way
Clay disliked Jackson personally and mistrusted his lack of political experience……
Henry CLay
John Quincy Adams
Adams agreed with Clay’s American system. Adams was elected by a
majority of the states represented in the
House.(6th President)
Jackson’s New Presidential Style
Expansion of Voting rights….
Concerns of the “ordinary people”
• Jackson won presidency by a landslide
• He was so popular, that record numbers of people came to Washington to see “Old Hickory”
Jackson’s Spoil System
Jackson used powers of the presidency upon gaining office.
He announced that his appointees to federal jobs would serve a maximum of 4 year term
Jackson practiced the spoil system……
“To victor belong the spoils of the enemy”
Spoil system
-Incoming officials throw out former appointees and replace them with their own friends.
Indian Removal Act of 1830President Andrew Jackson outlined his Indian removal policy in his Second Annual Message to Congress on December 6, 1830. Jackson's comments on Indian removal begin with the words….
"It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that
the benevolent policy of the Government, steadily
pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the
removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements
is approaching to a happy consummation. Two
important tribes have accepted the provision made
for their removal at the last session of Congress,
and it is believed that their example will induce the
remaining tribes also to seek the same obvious
advantages."
Congress passed the Indian removal Act in 1830
-federal government provided funds to negotiate treaties that would force the Native Americans to move west.
-90 treaties were signed
For Jackson, the removal policy “not only liberal, but generous”
But this was based on the rights of states to govern within their own boundaries.
Exit SlipWhy did Jackson think that Native Americans should be moved west of the Mississippi?
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