aboveground storage tank enhanced vapor recovery

Board HearingJune 21-22, 2007

Aboveground Storage TankEnhanced Vapor Recovery

2

Outline

• Background• Objectives• ARB and District Roles• Field Study• Technical Proposal• Environmental Impacts• Economic Impacts• Public Outreach• Conclusion and Recommendations

3

Aboveground Storage TanksBackground

Above Grade AST

Grade

Below Grade Vaulted AST

Grade

concrete

Below Grade AST

Grade

4

Standing Loss Emissions

Tank Temp.

85o

Vent Pipe Emissions

80o

75o

Background

5

Phase I Transfer

Vapor Recovery Line Product Line

Background

6

Phase II TransferBackground

Vapor Recovery Line

Product Line

7

AST Population

• 9,600 Aboveground Storage Tanks (AST)– 67 Percent Agricultural Operations– 33 Percent Marinas, Fleet Operations,

Municipalities, and Service Stations

• AST Size and Classification– 250 to 12,000 gallon storage capacities– Single Wall – Protected Tanks

Background

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Emissions

• 3.31 tons per day of Reactive Organic Gas (ROG) Emissions from 9600 ASTs

– 2.95 tons per day ROG (Standing losses)

– 0.36 tons per day ROG (Transfer losses)

Background

9

ObjectivesAboveground Storage

Tank Regulation

Standing Loss Control(90% Emissions)

Transfer Loss Control(10% Emissions)

Consistency with EVR

Phase I Phase II

10

ARB and District Roles

• Air Resources Board– Adopt Certification and Testing Procedures

for Vapor Recovery Systems– Establish Performance Standards and

Specifications– Certify Vapor Recovery Systems

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ARB and District Roles

• Districts– Regulate emissions from stationary sources– Adopt rules for gasoline storage/transfer

• ARB certified vapor recovery systems• Compliance testing to ARB adopted

performance standards

– May adopt rules to include standing loss controls

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Standing Loss EmissionsField Study

13

Carbon Canister ProcessorField Study

14

ShadeField Study

15

White PaintField Study

16

Spray-on Polyurethane Foam Insulation

Field Study

17

Control Technology Effectiveness

43

65 66 67

83

97

0102030405060708090

100 PV

Carbon Canister (CC)

PV+Paint

PV+Paint+shade

PV+Paint+shade+CC

PV+Insulation

Field Study

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Standing Loss Control –Performance Standards

602.26Existing Tanks

900.57New tanks and Major

Modifications

Emission Reduction

(%)

Performance Standard (lbs./1,000 gallon

ullage/day)AST

Technical Proposal

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Technical Proposal

Example retrofit to 60 Percent

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Standing Loss Control Option

• Optional Performance Standard for Existing ASTs– 76 percent emission reduction– 90 percent emission reduction

• Benefits– Opportunity for Emission Credits by

certifying to a higher performance level– Fuel savings

Technical Proposal

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Phase I Transfers

• Transfer from Cargo Tank Truck to AST• Performance Standard

– Current: 90 percent efficiency

– EVR Proposal: 98 percent efficiency

Technical Proposal

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Phase II Transfers

• Transfer from AST to Motor Vehicle• Performance Standard

– Current: 90 percent efficiency

– EVR Proposal: 95 percent efficiency

Technical Proposal

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Effective Dates

• New Tanks: January 1, 2009

• Existing tanks: January 1, 2013

Technical Proposal

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Environmental ImpactsAnnual Emission Reductions (tons per day)

1.77

0.110.10

Standing Loss ControlReductions

Phase I Reductions

Phase II Reductions

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Cost Analysis - Retrofits

$43360SLC only

Single Wall $47317SLC + Phase I EVR

$16114SLC + Phase I EVR + Phase II EVR

Protected

Tanks

2

4

3

% of Tanks

Affected

$594

$40

$0

Incremental Cost per Tank ($)

Standing Loss Control (SLC) only

SLC + Phase I EVR + Phase II EVR

SLC + Phase I EVR

Proposed Configuration

Economic Impacts

100

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Cost Effectiveness

Cost Eff.: $2.17/pound emission reductionsSavings.: $0.40/pound emission reductions

Net Eff.: $1.77/pound emission reductions

Economic Impacts

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Public Outreach

• Public Workshops• District Workgroups• Agricultural Groups and Associations• Industry Stakeholders• Vapor Recovery Websites• Vapor Recovery List serve• Direct Mailings

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Conclusion and Recommendation

• Developed with Extensive Outreach• Significant Emission Reductions

– 2.0 tons per day

• Cost Effective– $1.77 per pound ROG

• Contributes to Ozone Attainment Goals– Reduces hydrocarbon precursors