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AAPPRENTICESHIP & WIAPPRENTICESHIP & WIAA Strategic AdvantageA Strategic Advantage
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: A Strategic Apprenticeship: A Strategic AdvantageAdvantageApprenticeship: A Strategic Apprenticeship: A Strategic AdvantageAdvantage
AGENDAAGENDA• Apprenticeship history, current structureApprenticeship history, current structure• How Apprenticeship works in WisconsinHow Apprenticeship works in Wisconsin• Benefits to employers & the workforceBenefits to employers & the workforce• Apprenticeship by the numbersApprenticeship by the numbers• Potential benefits to WIA performancePotential benefits to WIA performance• Partnership opportunitiesPartnership opportunities
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
What is an Apprentice?What is an Apprentice?
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
History of ApprenticeshipHistory of Apprenticeship
• Apprenticeship has produced highly skilled Apprenticeship has produced highly skilled craftsmen for more than 4,000 yearscraftsmen for more than 4,000 years
medieval period
pre-industrial erapresent day
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
History of ApprenticeshipHistory of Apprenticeship
• Nation’s 1Nation’s 1stst apprenticeship law: Wisconsin 1911 apprenticeship law: Wisconsin 1911Objectives:Objectives:• Provide industries with skilled laborProvide industries with skilled labor• Provide career opportunities for youthProvide career opportunities for youth• Protect individuals who enterProtect individuals who enter
apprenticeshipsapprenticeships• Same law created Wisconsin Vocational School Same law created Wisconsin Vocational School
system to provide related classroom instructionsystem to provide related classroom instruction
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
What is an Apprenticeship?What is an Apprenticeship?
• It’s a binding agreement in which:• Apprentices earn a progressive wage while training
under journeyworker(s) on the job, and• Industry-based instructors provide theoretical
(classroom) training, and• Apprentices can achieve journeyworker status.
• It’s industry-driven and industry-designed• It’s regulated by the state
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Exp
ertis
eE
xper
tise
(Edu
catio
n &
Exp
erie
nce)
(Edu
catio
n &
Exp
erie
nce)
Over TimeOver Time
Apprenticeship expedites expertise!Apprenticeship expedites expertise!
Classroom Training
Classroom Training
Experience
Apprenticeship Approach:Apprenticeship Approach:Classroom training with structuredClassroom training with structured
hands-on experiencehands-on experience
Traditional Approach:Traditional Approach:Classroom training followed by Classroom training followed by
unstructured hands-on experienceunstructured hands-on experience
What is Apprenticeship?What is Apprenticeship?
Expertise
Gap
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship Earning PotentialApprenticeship Earning Potential
Five-Year College Education vs. ApprenticeshipFive-Year College Education vs. Apprenticeship
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship TrainingApprenticeship Training
Supervised, structured on-the-job trainingSupervised, structured on-the-job training• Provided by the sponsorProvided by the sponsor• The job is primary component of apprenticeshipThe job is primary component of apprenticeship• 90% of training is learned on the job90% of training is learned on the job• Written standards governWritten standards govern
the on-the-job trainingthe on-the-job training• Work must be supervisedWork must be supervised
by skilled journeyworkerby skilled journeyworker
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship TrainingApprenticeship Training
Related (classroom) InstructionRelated (classroom) Instruction• Theoretical and technical, as required by WI lawTheoretical and technical, as required by WI law• Primarily through Wisconsin’s Technical CollegesPrimarily through Wisconsin’s Technical Colleges• Employer pays apprentice’s normalEmployer pays apprentice’s normal
wage while attendingwage while attending• Apprentice pays forApprentice pays for
tuition & bookstuition & books
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship CredentialApprenticeship Credential
• Average time to completion: four yearsAverage time to completion: four years• Formal credential upon completionFormal credential upon completion
• Journeyworker skill levelJourneyworker skill level• Acknowledged nationwideAcknowledged nationwide• Portable nationwidePortable nationwide
• 39 credits towards AAS degree39 credits towards AAS degree
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeable TradesApprenticeable Trades
Must be approved by DWD/BAS as meeting the Must be approved by DWD/BAS as meeting the following criteria:following criteria:
• Involves manual, mechanical or technical skillsInvolves manual, mechanical or technical skills• Customarily learned through on-the-job trainingCustomarily learned through on-the-job training• Require related instruction to supplement OJTRequire related instruction to supplement OJT• Recognized throughout an industryRecognized throughout an industry• Not part of an already recognized tradeNot part of an already recognized trade
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeable TradesApprenticeable Trades
• Three employment sectors:Three employment sectors:• Construction TradesConstruction Trades• Industrial TradesIndustrial Trades• Service TradesService Trades
• Each trade has its own selectionEach trade has its own selectionprocess and requirementsprocess and requirements
• Approximately half of Wisconsin’sApproximately half of Wisconsin’s10,000 apprentices are in 10,000 apprentices are in construction tradesconstruction trades
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeable TradesApprenticeable Trades
Examples of Current ApprenticeshipsBricklayerCarpenterCement Mason/Concrete FinisherConstruction Craft LaborerElectricianEnvironmental System TechnicianGlazierHeat & Frost InsulatorIronworkerOperating EngineerPainter & DecoratorPlastererPlumberRooferSheet Metal WorkerSprinklerfitter
SteamfitterTeledata CommunicationsInstrument TechnicianMachinistMaintenance MechanicMillwrightMetal FabricatorPipefitterTool and Die MakerTool MakerBarber/CosmetologistCook/ChefCorrectional OfficerElectric Line WorkerFire ServiceFuneral Director
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeable TradesApprenticeable Trades
Examples of Potential Apprenticeships•Biotechnology Lab Assistant•Information Technology•Health Support Specialist, CNA, LPN, •Allied Healthcare (Radiology Tech, Mammography Tech, etc.)•Social/Family Service Worker•AODA Counselor•Dental Laboratory Technician•Surveying Technician•Legal Clerk•Hazardous Abatement Worker•---and many more!
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship SponsorsApprenticeship Sponsors
• Sponsors are:Sponsors are:• Joint (employer/union) Joint (employer/union)
Apprenticeship CommitteesApprenticeship Committees• Individual EmployersIndividual Employers• Employer Association Employer Association
Apprenticeship CommitteesApprenticeship Committees• More than 3,000 Wisconsin More than 3,000 Wisconsin
employers train apprentices employers train apprentices annuallyannually
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship SponsorsApprenticeship Sponsors
• Sponsors agree to:Sponsors agree to:• Plan, administer & payPlan, administer & pay
for the programfor the program• Abide by state & federalAbide by state & federal
apprenticeship regulationsapprenticeship regulations• Form a three-way contractForm a three-way contract
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: Apprenticeship: Benefit to Benefit to EmployersEmployers
• Opportunity to formally train employeesOpportunity to formally train employees• In employer’s facility, on their equipment, with their In employer’s facility, on their equipment, with their
customers, to fit their particular needscustomers, to fit their particular needs• Training & promotion path for unskilled employeesTraining & promotion path for unskilled employees• Structured method to capture expertise of Structured method to capture expertise of
experienced, skilled employeesexperienced, skilled employees• Brings new techniques & ideas into the companyBrings new techniques & ideas into the company• Employee wage is commensurate with skillEmployee wage is commensurate with skill
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: Apprenticeship: Partnership that Partnership that WorksWorks
Employers and industries get a reliable source of skilled labor and flexible training options
Local workforce . system has an avenue to promote training opportunities in key industries
Employees get valuable training
opportunity and a portable credential
without leavingthe workforce
Educational partners
provide industry training in a way
that doesn’t stretch capacity
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: Apprenticeship: By the NumbersBy the Numbers
Apprenticeship Enrollment Follows the Economy
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
'91
'92
'93
'94
'95
'96
'97
'98
'99
'00
'01
'02
'03
'04
'05
'06
'08
'09
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: Apprenticeship: By the NumbersBy the Numbers
Apprenticeship Earnings Equal 4-year College Earnings
$18,734
$27,915
$51,206 $52,377
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
No HS diploma High School
Graduate
College graduate Apprenticeship
graduate
AnnualWagesper 2005U.S.censusdata
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: By the NumbersApprenticeship: By the Numbers
Annualized Earnings for Completers of Training Programs in 2007
$19,162
$19,035
$24,958
$29,028
$29,248
$34,944
$49,920
WIA Adult
DVR
WTCS Short Term Diploma
WIA Dislocated Worker
WTCS 2-yr Technical Diploma
WTCS Associate Degree
Apprenticeship
Sources: DWD Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards BASIS data; WTCS Graduate Follow-upReport 2006-2007; WIA Annual Report for PY 2007; WDVR State Plan FFY 2009
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Positive Environment for GrowthPositive Environment for Growth
• Apprentice Utilization RequirementsApprentice Utilization Requirements• State = 10% apprentices; Other public = few, similarState = 10% apprentices; Other public = few, similar
• Stimulus-related Recovery & ReinvestmentStimulus-related Recovery & Reinvestment• Construction sector fundingConstruction sector funding
• Healthcare – seeking workforce solutionsHealthcare – seeking workforce solutions• State push for WIA/Apprenticeship partnershipState push for WIA/Apprenticeship partnership• Workforce realities: aging boomers, shrinking Workforce realities: aging boomers, shrinking
birth rates, exodus of Wisconsin talentbirth rates, exodus of Wisconsin talent
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Apprenticeship: Apprenticeship: Around the NationAround the Nation
• Washington State:Washington State:• Partnering with K-12; pre-apprenticeshipPartnering with K-12; pre-apprenticeship• $1M $1M (Gov’s WIA 10%) (Gov’s WIA 10%) targetingtargeting
apprenticeship integrationapprenticeship integration• Kansas State:Kansas State:
• Federal $ - Health Support SpecialistFederal $ - Health Support Specialist• WIA $ help support apprenticeship staffWIA $ help support apprenticeship staff
• Federal – USDOL/ETAFederal – USDOL/ETA• Partnership initiatives and grantsPartnership initiatives and grants
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Opportunities for ActionOpportunities for Action
Improve the applicant pipeline to Apprenticeship• Train Job Center staff on Apprenticeship• Clarify funding opportunities (OJT, ITAs, Custom)
at all levels – federal, state & local• Explore pilots that expand / improve access• Establish guidance on apprenticeship structure
& WIA performance measures• Support expanded adult pre-apprenticeship
training, especially for minorities and females
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Opportunities for ActionOpportunities for Action
Expand Apprenticeship to new employers• Partner with WDBs to promote apprenticeship
as an effective workforce development strategy• Establish clear and effective info & referral for staff• Conduct outreach to business associations and
economic development to expand awareness• Articulate linkage to High Growth, High Wage jobs• Include focus on green, sustainable technologies
Bureau of Apprenticeship Standards
Recommendations & Next StepsRecommendations & Next Steps
• Lead in the integration of Apprenticeship into the Workforce System
AAPPRENTICESHIP & WIAPPRENTICESHIP & WIAA Strategic AdvantageA Strategic Advantage
Thank Youfor Your Time& Attention!
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