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www.thalesgroup.com OPEN
A perception of the threat and IAMD
RUSI Missile Defense Conference
London, 13 April 2016
LUC DINI
2OPEN
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© T
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2015
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ed
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Agenda
▌ THALES activities in IAMD
▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT
▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM
▌ IAMD and Missile Defense
▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD:
Networked fire control sensors in clusters
3OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
We are committed to build and integrate European National Systems linking together
NATO and European capacities in partnership
AsterMissileElectronics
IntegrationVerificationValidation
LANAD DAMB
Astrium and ThalesAleniaSpace
C4I for TMD&MD
ONERA
Early Warning
Ground based TMD
Naval Early Warning and engagement
Horizon -T45 -FREMM
ADCF Frigate SMART-L EWC
SF500 radar
Very long range
Early Warning Radar
GF1000
THALES in IAMD
4OPEN
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ale
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© T
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2015
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Agenda
▌ THALES activities in IAMD
▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT
▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM
▌ IAMD and Missile Defense
▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD:
Networked fire control sensors in clusters
5OPEN
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ale
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Evolution of the threat creates more stress
ManoeuveringFighters
Non maneuvering fighter/bombers or Surveillance aircraft
Cruise missile and antiship missile
Manoeuvring BM
ECM ))))
EAD
ABT
RANGE: Ballistic Missile and Cruise Missile: >> 1000 km
MULTIPLE, DIVERSE, SIMULTANEOUS= RAIDS
VELOCITY: Ballistic Missile and Cruise Missile: supersonic to
hypersonicMANOEUVRABILITY – AGILITY for penetration, change of target
ACCURACY to strike land or martime objectives
CYBER
We need to plan improvement of the sensors and fire control systems resilience
6OPEN
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ha
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2015
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ed
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Agenda
▌ THALES activities in IAMD
▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT
▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM
▌ IAMD and Missile Defense
▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD:
Networked fire control sensors in clusters
7OPEN
This
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
An example of dual system: SAMP/T system
NATO or National Air
Defence C2
Launcher
L11B, L16 MIDS
JRE Network
VHF Radio
Network
Uplink
Launcher
OF
OF
The “Brain”: One Engagement Module (ME)
The “Eye” and “Guide”: One MRI (ARABEL MFR+IFF)+ Aster uplinkwith its power generator
4 Vertical launchers(MLT)4 Vertical launchers(MLT)
The “Killer”: ASTER 30(8 per MLT)
The “Killer”: ASTER 30(8 per MLT)
FIRECONTROLUNIT
The “Brain”: Air Defense Air C2The “Brain”: Air Defense Air C2
The “Eye” external “cueing”The “Eye” external “cueing”
LauncherSAMP/T : Interoperability through data link networks
8OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
SAMP/T Dual Engagements on ABT & TBM
ABT
EWR
GF1000
MRIARABEL
ME
MLTMLT
MLT
Domain ofInterest
Domain of Acquisition
Intercept
Domain
MIA
KOA
MLT
Seeker« lock on »
Uplink
Uplink
Firing order & Threat Data
TBM in domain of interest
TBM Acquisition on EWR cued track
Tracking
Engagement
Firing order & Threat Data
ABT Detection with ARABEL
MIA : Maximum Intercept Altitude
KOA : Keep Out Altitude
TBM
9OPEN
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All
righ
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ed
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Agenda
▌ THALES activities in IAMD
▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT
▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM
▌ IAMD and Missile Defense
▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD:
Networked fire control sensors in clusters
10OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-0021
0
Bi-SC AIS
ACCS
FR SAMP/T
FADR/DADR
(E.G.
ASTOR-T,
TPS-77)
Link-16 (TDMA)
US Aegis/
EW
NL ADCF/ EW NGCS
US AN TPY2
FR C3M
NL PatriotGE Patriot
US Patriot
IT PAAMS
/ EWIT SAMP/T
US S EW
GR Patriot
FR
GS1000
ALTBMD: a multilayred architecture including dual lower layer
11OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
iBMD technical architecture
US EPAA & EU national Contributions
Technical architectureoperational and sustained byon going operational programs
NATO BMC3 and SE&I
STANAG 5535 & 5518
The Threat is growing creating more stress on the defense where time factor is key
NATO Interoperability through L16 JRE Network is on its way. NATO and the Nations
called for more cooperation on MD, more interoperability and operational readiness.
Multifunction sensors are available or in development. They could be networked into clusters under L16 Network to increase the systems capacity and the resilience
12OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
STATE of THE ART: TECHNOLOGY TREND
AESA MFR SENSORS « active antenna
OPEN ARCHITECTURE- IAMD
NETWOKING KITS
PLUG and FIGHT
DUAL MISSILE, 360° SENSORS and FIRE CONTROL
MULTIFREQUENCY (UHF, L,S, X) and MODES PATRIOT (USA)S400 NEBO (RU)
US Navy Intop/ Cooperative Engagement Capacity (CEC)
IBCS: US Army Air C2 & PATRIOT Interoperability kit with IAMD Network
ADMR SENSOR
IBCS (USA)
C2 IsraelMICADApproche Réseau
4 Fixed Panels AESA SF500 (FR)
13OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
NATO past and on going studies related to MD and sensors
STO* and CSO* studies Multi Function Radar Adaptative Radar Resources Management (MFR ARRM)
NATO CNAD Studies
NATO MDFS since 2004
NSR
NIAG Studies SW 172 & 151 ( reports issued in 2012)2 recommendations
• Smart defense champions: naval sensors• Study fire control sensors grids
NIAG SG 207 BMD step3 study on cooperation
SET 223 RTG 126 « MFR performances »Jan 2015 to Dec 2017 (36 months)
• RRM services definition in place of functions• Figures Of Merit (vs track quality)• Optimization of resources for coalition planning• Propose ARRM for airborne and surface plaforms• Sensors suite on single platform.
CAN FR GER NL POL UK USA
SET 212 RTG 120 « MFR test and evaluation »Jan 2014- Dec 2016: (36 months)
• MFR sensors capability description and roadmap• Specification challenges• Test & evaluation /requirements• Testing approach• Share nations lessons learnt and nations’ progress towards
new approaches• Output will support generation to a STANAG
FR GER IT NL NOR POL TURK UK USA
Concurrent effort from NATO on MFR standards studies
plus Nations MFR development can create new
opportunities for interoperability
14OPEN
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Multifunction radars: a dynamic management of resources
MFR offer new capacities for air and missile defense due
to Situation awareness sharing, plus sensor functions
resources management extended to network (cluster)
15OPEN
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Looking at Multifunction/ Fire control radars modes
Volumic search:
• Adapted to search against several threat ABT+ Short TBms• Adapt search patterns for low level detection (low elevation) or• High elevation detection and track• Optimization depending on which altitude
Volumic search:
• Adapted to search against several threat ABT+ Short TBms• Adapt search patterns for low level detection (low elevation) or• High elevation detection and track• Optimization depending on which altitude
Fence search:
• Effective against longer range TBMs,• Potential issues depending on TBMs trajectrories, RV, position,
RCS
Fence search:
• Effective against longer range TBMs,• Potential issues depending on TBMs trajectrories, RV, position,
RCS
Cued mode:
• Networked mode• Acquisition range increaded on long range TBMs• If search radar in forward position
Cued mode:
• Networked mode• Acquisition range increaded on long range TBMs• If search radar in forward position
16OPEN
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Example of Multiple search and track modes over 360° and 90°
▌ 4 fixed panels, independent from each other, ensuring anunmasked azimuth coverage
▌ Full digital AESA technology panels, with very high throughput beamforming(several tens of simultaneous receiving beams) ensuring :
17OPEN
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17
Many sensors to build networks
SENSORS network could be enhanced by building networked sensor intoclusters to ease exchange of resources, increase the intrinsic systemcapacity between adjacent systems and overall resilience to destruction orsaturation
18OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Agenda
▌ THALES activities in IAMD
▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT
▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM
▌ IAMD and Missile Defense
▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD:
Networked fire control sensors in clusters
19OPEN
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Can we Improve synergy for Fire controls loops ?
Refreshment rate
Consultation
Planning loop
Days
Tasking & situational
awareness Loop
C2 BMD OP
Real Time Minutes toFew seconds
Engagement & Fire Control
1s to 0,01 s
JRE AP –Level 1 – L16
NATO SE&IL16 JRE
MFR Fire Control Networking Cluster:
Cluster based on exchange of data
such as Plots in real time
MFR Fire Control Networking: cluster
based on exchange of ressources
and services in real timeHigh speed Link
Clusters of fire control
sensors could enhance the
interoperability between the
nations as an extension of
the NATO BMC3 backbone
at sensors level
20OPEN
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Objective of the study: sensors networks & clusters
JRE AP – L16 - Level 1
Airborne Early
Warning Awacs
National BMC3IPlanningTasking
ACCS
Cluster #1 Cluster #2 Cluster #3
EW chain
Cluster #4
1 to 6 s
<< 1 s
Air situation- Operational directive- mission ic Surveillance & Cueing data flow - Level 2
1 to 6 s
Coordination & Engagement data flow – Level 3
Study sensors/
weapons local
cluster below NATO
or National C4I for
an additional local
Netcentric MD data
exchange
SatelliteEarly Warning
Radars
21OPEN
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2 types of clusters :cooperative or integrative
Includes National Caveats
▌ Rules for a Cluster:
Cluster declaration: National C²
▌ Within cluster:
Declaration of services
- Modes, rotating, starring
- Mission: tracking search
- Performances assessment
- NCTR capabilities Smart sensor management
- Sensor load management
- Priority targets management
- Environment adaptation
- Re acquisition
- Multi radar trackingFLEXIBLE: SCALABLE, INTEGRABLE, SEPARABLE CLUSTERS
• Cooperative= exchange of data between nation A and nation B sensors
• Integrative= exchange of services inside a cluster with nation A and B sensors
22OPEN
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The concept of Fire Control sensors in Cluster
AN/TPY-2
Long range Tracking and
Discrimination
AEGIS SEA FIRE 500
SMART-L
L and S band
Long range EW & Tracking
UHF EW Fixed
Radars
PAVE PAWS (US)
TLP (FR)
AN/SPY-1
S-Band Long Range EW &
tracking
GROUND FIRE 1000
L-16Hi-Speed Link
X band Long Range EW
23OPEN
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2015
All
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ts re
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Expected Improvement aimed by sensors clusters
Avoid Saturation of MFR sensors due to raids
Clusters are not permanent, deployed, set or separated according to plans
creating multinational effective weapons –sensors associations
Increase the synergy of resources applied to search, track, discrimination
Balance the saturation of one function by another sensor
Improve the accuracy of tracking and fire control (more resources focused)
Improve the range (harmonization of EM resources allocated to detection; tracking,..)
Maximize the battlespace
Improve timing, reactivity and engagement timeline
Improve resilience to threat by spreading resources and enhancing subsidiarity:
Multifrequency, mutilsensors, multiple sources (multi static)
23
24OPEN
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ay,
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2015
All
righ
ts re
serv
ed
.
March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Benefit to the nations
Improve the interactivity between sensors for Air&Missile Defense
Add a new level of cooperation and interoperability between nations compatible with NATO BMC3
Such sensor networking could be used also for other partners and friendly nations when decided
Enhancement of sensors/ weapons systems intrinsic performances, flexibility, adaptibilityand robustness to the threat
Increase the capacity of MFR systems thanks to a better use of EM resources
Take advantage of sensors clusters as a flexible network that can be adapted to operational and political context
24
25OPEN
This
do
cum
en
t ma
y n
ot b
e re
pro
duc
ed
, mo
difi
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, ad
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an
y w
ay,
in w
ho
le o
r in
p
art
or d
isclo
sed
to
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hird
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rty
with
out
the
prio
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co
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nt o
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les
2015
All
righ
ts re
serv
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March 2015Template : 87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002
Benefit to Industry
25
Common data exchange will improve the performance of modular systems
Improve the performance and offer options to combine different technologies and systemswith their specificities while meeting interfaces standards
Improve final cost effectiveness fo the sensors and systems in clusters including existing systems
Facilitate access to market by making sensors compatible
Take advantages of other studies and efforts, eg:� Maritime TMD Forum BMC4I WG and work related to plot level data and fusion� NATO BMD SE&I� STANAG 5535/ ADatP-35 developement efforts� Studies conducted by Science and Study groups on MFR radars
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