a brief history of sher shah suri and empire durgesh kumar sasaram
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A Brief history of sher shah suri and his empire
PRESENTED BY
Durgesh Choudhary AND Deepak Kumar
ABOUT SHER SHAH SURI
Born in 1484 in Sasaram, Bihar
Real name – Farid khan
Father – Hasan khan suri
Spouse – Rani khan
Founder of suri empire in north India
Reign – 1540-1545
Died in 1545 in Kalinjar fort, Bundelkhand
Burial – Sher Shah Suri Tomb, Sasaram, Bihar
EARLY LIFE
Eighth son of Hasan khan suri
Served as a registrar in Sasaram, Bihar
A prominent figure in Govt. of Bahlul khan
Served as commander in the Mughal army
Served as Governer of Bihar
Was rewarded title of Sher khan by Bahar khan
CONQUERING BIHAR AND BENGAL
Became regent ruler of minor sultan, Jalal khan
Defeated Ghiyasuddin’s army at the battle of Surajgarh in 1534
Achieved complete control over Bihar
Attacked Bengal in 1538
Forced Humayun out of India at the battle of Chausa
Ascended the throne of Delhi
BATTLE OF SAMMEL
Sher shah set out against Rajputana with a huge force
Instead of marching to enemy, Sher shah halted in Sammel
Became critical owing to difficulties of food supply for huge army
Sher shah resorted a cunning ploy to resolve the situation
Dropped forged letters near Maldeo’s camp, king of Hindu Rajputana
Maldeo left his kingdom
Sher shah’s general took possession over Jodhpur
Occupied the territory of Marwar
MILITARY ORGANISATION
Large standing army
Introduced measures to make his army disciplined and trained
Took personal interest in appointment and training of soldiers
Salary of soldiers and officers fixed according to skill and ability
Sub-divisions of army, having commander
Garrisons were set up
Highly trained cavalary and infantry
Equipped with artillery
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Excellent network of road to facilitate quick movement
Built Grand Trunk road
Rest houses and wells were built both sides of road
Used sarais as Dak – chaukis
Carried royal mails to different parts of the country
ADMINISTRATION
Brilliant organization in military and civil affairs
Based on principles of welfare of state
Introduced many reforms
Two stages of administration
(i) Central Administration
(ii) Provincial Administration
Sher Shah suri stamp issue in the 15th century
CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION
Sher shah as the supreme head
Divided Govt. into departments
Each department under the charge of a minister
Regular inspections carried out
Set up efficient spy system
PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRAION
Empire divided into 47 provinces
Further divided into districts or parganas
Several officials, supervised by Shiadar–I–Shiadaran and Munsif–I–Munsifan
TRADE AND COMMERCE
Construction of roads and sarais helped in Trade and Commerce
Almost all duties were abolished
Merchants were treated well
Zamindars and village heads were responsible for safety of traders
New weights and measures introduced
Coins of uniform standard were introduced
LAW AND ORDER
Staunch believer in justice
Everyone treated equally
Criminal laws were harsh
Village headman and local chiefs responsible for crimes in their area
Harsh but effective laws
RELIGIOS POLICY
Followed a policy of religious tolerance
Appointed Hindus to high post of trust
Bramhajit Gaur and Raja Todar Mal, his ablest generals
Large amount of money given in charity
LITERATURE AND ARCHITECTURE
Interested in art and learning
Patronized a number of scholars in his court
Built fort of Rohtasgarh and old fort of Delhi
Planned and built his own tomb in Sasaram, Bihar
DEATH
Died in gunpowder explosion
Fighting against Chandel Rajputs
Succeeded by his son Islam khan
Buried in Sher Shah Suri Tomb in Sasaram, Bihar
“
” THANKS
S
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