8th june project seminar

establishment OF "w/C“ ratio vs "strength" curve

Civil engineering department

GUIDED BY :prof. s. m. kale

PRESENTED BY :jadhav digvijay Pkale darshan PKulkarni himanshu Pnag nitesh Rsaraf tanay R

GOKHALE EDUCATION SOCIETY’S, R. H. SAPAT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Nashik - 422 005

Head of deptartment :prof. m. m. thombre

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE 01

To Establish''Water / Cement''

Ratiovs

''Strength” Curve

02W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

Major problems arise because of W/C ratio

Lack of proper knowledge on site

After proper designing check suitability

03W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

Abram's law.

Every given set has single W/C vs Strength curve

04W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

W/C

To gauge performance of concrete for different W/C ratio on basis of Abram’s law

To achieve optimal content of concrete

To gauge performance of same set of materials of different W/C ratio and cement content

05W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

We can estimate the required strength of concrete for different W/C ratio

We can also use it for different grades of concrete

06W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

07W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

Survey of various sites to get feedback regarding quality of materials

Need to establish standard procedure for mix design & casting of concrete

Collection of standard quality materials

Concrete mix design and it’s principle

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE 08

Application of Abram’s law

Concrete mix design for given set of materials

Casting of mixes for different W/C ratio

Prepare W/C vs Strength curve

1.Designer Construction Pvt Ltd. (RMC Plant)

2.Vaishali Developers (Individual Builder)

3.Tropicana, Samrat Group (Mega Project)

09W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

1.Cement

2.Fly ash

3.Admixture

4.Aggregates10W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

11W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

Concrete mix design for given set of materials

Casting of mixes for different W/C ratio

Application of Abram’s law

Prepare W/C vs Strength curve

12W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

13W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

W/Cratio

Ambuja OPC 53 P 60 River

sand Crush sand 20 mm 10 mm Water Admixture

Density

0.55 206 69 534 534 694 463 150 3.19 2650

0.5 225 75 528 528 686 458 150 3.6 2650

0.45 250 83.3 520 520 676 451 150 3.996 2650

0.4 281 94 510 510 663 442 150 4.5 2650

0.35 323 107 497 497 646 430 150 5.16 2650

0.3 375 125 480 480 624 416 150 3 2650

0.25 450 150 456 456 593 395 150 3 2650

14W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

SlumpCone

Water / Cement ratio

0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25

Initial 170 170 175 160 170 170 180

Final 140 150 155 155 130 130 -

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

15

W/C ratio

Corom-andel

OPC 53

P 100 River sand

Crush sand 20 mm 10 mm Water Admixture Density

0.5 225 75 528 528 686 458 150 3.6 2650

0.4 281 94 510 510 663 442 150 4.5 2650

0.3 375 125 480 480 624 416 150 3 2650

0.25 450 150 456 456 593 395 150 3.6 2650

16W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

Slump Cone

Water / Cement ratio

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.25

Initial 160 170 190 205

Final 100 160 160 - 

17W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE 18

W/C 1 Day 3 Days 7 Days 28 Days 90 Days 180 Days

0.55 8.8 12.9 17 28.9 40.12 46.4

0.5 9.7 14.68 19.39 33.3 45.58 54.33

0.45 9.3 16.4 21.53 37.2 55.95 60

0.4 10.9 20.8 29.7 47.59 64.37 73.5

0.35 15.39 32.29 37.03 62.33 83.74 87.6

0.3 27 45.39 60.36 79.25 102.8 108.5

0.25 33.5 62.75 75.2 99.8 118.2 109.2

19W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

20W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

W/C 1 Day 3 Days 7 Days 28 Days 90 Days 180 Days

0.5 4.3 9.8 15 30 38 49

0.4 6.2 15 24 43 57 65

0.3 13 36 53 77 89 102

0.25 14 42 61 94 102 101

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

21

Failure pattern

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

22

W/C Ratio vs Strength Curve : As W/C ratio decreases, strength increases As W/C ratio is reduced below 0.4 there is steep

increase in strength of concrete Age vs Strength Curve: Exponential increase in strength up to 28 days

and there after a stable rise We can estimate the desired strength of

concrete mix by comparison with our standard curves

23W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

Set 1 Set 2

W/c 28 Days 90 Days180

DAYS

0.55 28.9 38.82% 60.55%

0.5 33.3 36.87% 63.15%

0.45 37.2 50.40% 61.29%

0.4 47.59 35.25% 54.45%

0.35 62.33 34.35% 40.54%

0.3 79.25 29.65% 36.90%

0.25 99.8 18.45% 9.42%

W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

W/C 28 Days 90 Days 180 Days

0.5 30.25 26.61% 62.64%

0.4 43.36 31.00% 49.97%

0.3 76.56 16.37% 33.59%

0.25 94.25 8.27% 7.16%

24

We conclude that water/cement ratio plays very important role in concrete

Abram’s law holds good for given set of material

As the water in cement paste reduces, strength increases, as result we can get higher strength of concrete for low water cement ratio

Optimization of performance of concrete can be done by these standard curves

25W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

• Omotola Alawode, P.G.Dip.1* and O.I. Idowu, M.Sc.2 “Effects of Water-Cement Ratios on the Compressive Strength”.

•Dale P Bentz and Pierre-Claude Aitcin “The hidden meaning of water-cements ratio”.

•Tarun R. Naik, Shiw S. Singh, Amr S. Hassaballah, “Effects of water to cementitious ratio on compressive strength of cement mortar containing fly ash”, Fourth International Conference on Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, May 1992, pg no. 1-23.

26W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

• G. Appa rao, “Generalization of Abram’s law for cement mortars”, Cement and Concrete Research, issue November 2000, pg no. 495-502.

• Abhishek Jain & Nazrul Islam, “Use of fly ash as partial replacement of sand in cement mortar”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 5, May 2013, pg no. 1323-1332.

• A. Kilic, C.D. Atis, A. Teymen, O. Karahan, F. O¨ zcan, C. Bilim, M. O¨ zdemir, “The influence of aggregate type on the strength and Abrasion resistance of high strength concrete”, Cement & Concrete Composites, issue 2008, pg no. 290–296.

27W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

• A. Nusrat and M. A. Tahir, “Mixture Proportioning of Fly Ash-Concretes Based on Mortar Strength and Flow Data” Mixture Proportioning of Fly Ash-Concretes Based on Mortar Strength and Flow Data, issue Jan 2008, Vol. 2, pg no. 6-13.

28W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

‐ M.S.SHETTY “Concrete technology”, Volume 03, 3rd Edition, S. Chand & Company Ltd.

‐ M.L.GAMBHIR “Concrete technology”, Volume 03,Tata Mcgraw Hill Education, 3rd Edition.

‐ IS 10262-1982, Recommended Guidelines for concrete mix design.

‐ IS 2386-1963, Methods of Aggregate testing.‐ IS 10500, Water.‐ IS 1199-1959, Methods of Sampling & analysis of

concrete.

29W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE

‐ IS 383, Specification of coarse & fine Aggregate from natural source Feb-97 for Concrete (second revision).

‐ IS 4031-1988, Methods of Testing procedure of cement.

‐ IS 516-1959, Methods of test for Strength of concrete .

‐ IS 8112-1989, Specification for Ordinary Portland Cement.

‐ IS 9103-1999, Specification for Admixtures for concrete.

‐ IS 12269-2013, OPC 53 grade cement.

30W/C RATIO VS STRENGTH CURVE