4th mp quarterly review. cell 1. prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, for example a bacteria...

4th MP QuarterlyReview

Cell

1. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, for example a bacteria cell. The flagella helps the bacteria cell move.

DNA- Watson and Crick

2. discovered the structure of DNAdouble helix/ twisted ladder

3. Sides are phosphate and sugarRungs are made of nitrogen base pairsThe pairs are A-T

C-G

Mendel- Genetics

4.Mendel used pea plants because they were fast growing & self-pollinating5. The ratio of dominant to recessive traits was 3:1(3 tall for every 1 short)

Trait

6. Traits are characteristics passed on from parent to offspring.Examples:eye colorhair colorattached/detached earlobes

7. Vocab

Gene- the set of instructions for a traitPhenotype- the physical appearance (genotype is genetic make up)

Dominant trait- the stronger trait that appears in the first generation

Recessive trait- the weaker trait that is masked by the dominant trait

Adaptation- is a characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environmentEvolution- the slow change in organisms over timeTaxonomy- the science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms

8. Mitosis is the process of making new body cells

The end result is 2 new daughter cells identical to the parent cell.

Natural Selection

9. Natural Selection explains that better adapted organisms to their environment will survive and reproduce.

10. It explained evolution but Darwin did not realize this was caused by genes.

11. 4 parts of Natural Selection

Overproduction- more eggs/offspring than what will surviveInherited variation- there are differences among organisms in a speciesStruggle to survive- organisms may die from disease, lack of food or predators before reproducingSuccessful reproduction- the better adapted survive to reproduce organisms that will survive too

12. Pesticide exposure can produce insects that are resistant to the repellant

13. Elephants with valuable tusks will be killed before they reproduce and eventually that trait will decrease. More tuskless elephants will live to reproduce.

14. Carolus Linnaeus classified organisms (taxonomy) by their shape and structure

15. The scientific name of an organism is written with the Genus and species names using Greek or Latin .16. Example: Leopard frog, Rana pipiens

14. Carolus Linnaeus classified organisms (taxonomy) by their shape and structure15.The scientific name of an organism is written

with the Genus and species names using Greek or Latin .

16. Example: Leopard frog, Rana pipiens

ClassificationKids Pick Candy Over Fresh Green Salad

17. KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies

Kingdoms

18. There are 6 Kingdoms

Punnett SquaresHeterozygous Brown is Bb Homozygous Brown is BB Homozygous blue is bb