3: ecology. natural selection not all organisms are the same (some are resistant to antibiotic, some...
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3: Ecology
Natural Selection• Not all organisms are the same
(some are resistant to antibiotic, some might have longer fingers, some might have longer beaks)
• If the environment changes, the organism may be able to get more food than another organism
• That means it can reproduce more• For example
Natural Selection, continued
• If the food changes (invasive species, maybe?) the bird who has a beak that can get into the new flower can eat.
Natural selection
• Did the beak change because the environment changed?
• When will you see the change?• Over a LONG period of time.
Did you know?• Hummingbird stats:
• Can see UV light• They lap up nectar with their tongue, not by
sucking in thru “straw”• Heart rate=1260 bpm• Resting heart rate= 250 bpm• Respiration rate= 250 breathes/min• Mass= 2 to 20 grams (1cent=2 grams)
• Wings beat 70x sec, or 200 x/sec if diving
Use the cards to put the levels of organization in order
• Cell• Tissue• Organ• Organ system• Organism• Population• Community• Ecosystem• Biome • Biosphere
Abiotic
• Non-living factors (no DNA)• Light, temp, pH, space, gases
Biotic
• living factors, have DNA
Producer
• makes its own food using• Chloroplast (photosynthesis)
Consumer
• Eats for energy
Autotrophic
• producer • What does trophic mean?• energy
Heterotrophic
• Consumer
Population
• All of one type of organism in an area
Community
• All biotic organisms in an area
Food chain (bluck)
• Why are food chains not as good as food webs?
• Chains do not show as many interactions between organisms
• Create a food web using the
organisms on your sheet
Create an energy pyramid on your sheet, starting with algae•
Identify your 3°Consumer
• Make sure you got a teacher check
Review
• Identify the
• Producer
• 1° Consumer
• 2° consumer
• Decomposer
• Source of energy
If there are 1200 calories of energy in the algae, how
many are available to your 3°consumer?
• 1.2 calories
Where are the bacteria?
• Decomposers are written outside the Energy pyramid
• Name some other decomposers
Where’s the energy coming from to start the food web?
• Sun
What is this a sketch of?
• Secondary succession• How plant life changes over time• why is this secondary?• Started with soil
Lichens
• Combination of fungus and algae• Fungus gives algae a home• Algae gives fungus food
(photosynthesis)• They are Pioneer organism: first
organism that can live on and break down rock into soil
The pioneer organism
• In picture is grass• On rock would be lichen
The climax community
• Hardwood forest (depending on biome)
• What is biome?• Name some
What is this a graph of?
• Carrying capacity• Environment can only sustain a
certain population of each creature
3 abiotic factors that cycle the carrying capacity
• Amount of light• Amount of pollution• Temperature• Amount of rain, snow
3 biotic factors that cycle the carrying capacity
• Amount of food• # predators• Disease
Identify a possible population for line A
• Any prey (mouse, rabbit, grass)
Identify a possible population for line B
• Any predator of the prey in #25• Lion, hawk, owl, deer
Habitat
• What is it?• Where an organism lives• Fill in #27 (a) and (b)
Niche
• What is it?• Role an organism has (food for…,
pollinator,. Decomposer….)• Fill in your answers
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