©2009 hflink global ale high frequency network for emergency communications presented by: bonnie...
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©2009 HFLINK
Global ALE High Frequency Network
for Emergency Communicationspresented by: Bonnie Crystal, VR2 / KQ6XA
in the Global Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Conference
GAREC-2009Tokyo, Japan
“Emergency Communications across Borders”
©2009 HFLINK
International amateur radio network of HF operators using ALE Primary purpose:
“To provide a standard interoperable HF platform for International Emergency / Disaster Relief Communications”
Continuous 24-7-365 service since founding in June 2007 Open net: Any ham operator may use it at any time for normal
amateur purposes when there is no emergency traffic
What is the Global ALE High Frequency Network? (HFN)
©2009 HFLINK
What makes HF emergency communication viable?
“For HF emergency communication to be taken seriously, it must be able to make the call or send a message without prior notice, at any
time of the day or night.”
– Bonnie Crystal KQ6XA, HFN International ALE Coordinator Global Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Conference
at GAREC-2007 in Huntsville, AL, USA
©2009 HFLINK
How is HFN different from traditional HF nets?
Higher reliability… Available at any time of day or night No “Net Control Stations”… Open instant access for any operator. No Schedules… ALE has made schedules obsolete Scans HF 80-40-30-20-17-15-12-10 metres every 10 seconds for calls Stations maintain net contact 24-7 via hourly station ID signals Provides callsign direct selective calling or group calling Enables calling for Text QSO or SSB Voice QSO Provides HF text email service Maintains real-time activity log on the HFLINK.NET web server Provides Emergency Alarm System Uses a global standard low cost digital system
©2009 HFLINK
Whatis ALE?
©2009 HFLINK
ALE is “Automatic Link Establishment”
1. HF digital selective calling system
2. Scans HF frequencies for calls
3. The international standard for initiating and maintaining HF communications.
4. Developed into a flexible “Ham Friendly” automatic, semi-automatic, or manual system, avoiding problems commonly associated with other automatic digital systems.
©2009 HFLINK
ALE Signal is Efficient
Weak signal communications good for QRP, portable, or mobile Bit rate and symbol rate is optimum for scanning and signaling Short transmission time (10-20 seconds) is good for fast frequency sharing
©2009 HFLINK
ALE Narrowband Signal
Narrowband Signal ~2kHz is compatible with SSB and digital modes Emission type F1B, F1D, (or J3D) is legal for hams in all countries Selective calling (SELCALL) feature of ALE in the SSB bands Digital texting feature of ALE in the Data / RTTY bands
©2009 HFLINK
ALE: The HF Global Standard
Non-Proprietary Standard, open for all users and manufacturers Recognised in “ITU Recommendation ITU-R F.1110-3 for
Adaptive Radio Systems for Frequencies Below About 30 MHz” Originally developed as government standards “FED STD 1045
and MIL-STD 188-144A” and then adopted by many organisations Amateur Radio Standard: Ham Friendly ALE adapted by HFN Recognised as the HF Industry Standard, most major HF radio
manufacturers are now producing embedded ALE transceivers See “ITU Handbook: Frequency-adaptive communication
systems and networks in the MF/HF bands”
©2009 HFLINK
ALE Standard Technical DetailsBased on common global standards
Non-Proprietary. FED-1045 or MIL-STD 188-141A (also see ITU-R F.1110-3 )
Bandwidth ~2kHz
FSK Emission Type Narrowband F1B, F1D, (or J3D) 8FSK - single tone shifted between 8 frequencies (FSK same as RTTY)
Audio Shift Frequencies 750Hz to 2500Hz (250Hz tone spacing)
Symbol Rate (baud) 125 Symbols Per Second
Speed (raw bit rate) Basic 375 Bits Per Second
Decode sensitivity - 4dB SNR
Compatible with Amateur SSB Transceivers with no special ALC requirements
©2009 HFLINK
One operator can be ready for communication constantly on 10 bands and many nets using ALE with HFN
©2009 HFLINK
IARU Region 1 HFN Pilot Station Coverage Map 2007-2009
IARU Region 1: Europe, MiddleEast, Africa Email, Reporting, and Emergency Alarm System
©2009 HFLINK
IARU Region 2 HFN Pilot Station Coverage Map 2007-2009
IARU Region 2: North America, South America Email, Reporting, and Emergency Alarm System
©2009 HFLINK
IARU Region 3 HFN Pilot Station Coverage Map 2007-2009
IARU Region 3: Asia, Pacific, Australia Email, Reporting, and Emergency Alarm System
©2009 HFLINK
HFN Primary DATA Frequencies Direct CallingText, EmailEmergency
3596.0 3617.0 7040.5 7102.0 10145.5 14109.0 18106.0 21096.0 24926.0 28146.0
Region 2&3 Region 1 Region 1 Region 2 Global Global Global Global Global Global
kHz USB IARU Regions
©2009 HFLINK
ALE HF Ham Band Scanning Cycle
80m
40m
30m
20m
17m
15m
12m
10m
Each HF ham band is scanned on receive, every 8 seconds, constantly.
©2009 HFLINK
HFN Network Activity Log on HFLINK.NET
Stations report: Time, Frequency, Callsigns, Messages, Signal Quality Messages may be text or Emergency Alarms
©2009 HFLINK
HFN Emergency Alarm Keywords
KEYWORD ALARM TYPE AND DISPLAY
MAYDAY Urgent Distress CallHFN911 Urgent Emergency CallHFN112 Urgent Emergency CallHFN999 Urgent Emergency CallHFNMEDICAL Priority Medical Comms RequestHFNRELIEF Priority Disaster Relief Comms RequestHFNEMCOMM Priority Emcomm Support RequestHFNPHONE Priority Emcomm Phone Patch RequestHFNSET Routine Simulated Emergency Test HFNTEST HFN Alarm System Test: No Emergency(*NOTE) *Other keywords may be added as needed
©2009 HFLINK
HFN Emergency Alarm System HFLINK.NET
Alarms on received keywords from any station Relays the alarm to all operators in the network
©2009 HFLINK
ALE Hardware and Software
Most hams use free software (PCALE or MultiPSK) on a PC computer with an HF amateur radio SSB transceiver.
Same computer interface as PSK31 and other Digi modes
Hams also use commercial grade HF radios with built-in ALE... a computer is not needed with these “embedded ALE” radios.
Embedded ALE radios are available from many manufacturers, including: Mobat, Harris, Codan, R&S, Icom, Kenwood, etc.
Base antennas: Multiband or broadband, dipoles and verticals
Mobiles: Vertical whips with ATU antenna tuners
©2009 HFLINK
Typical Ham Radio ALE Station
ALE station: low cost of entry Common PC computer PCALE software Normal SSB ham transceiver Multi-band antenna or ATU
©2009 HFLINK
Embedded ALE Transceivers
©2009 HFLINK
Sending a text message in the Global HF Network using an embedded ALE Transceiver1. Enter message 2. Enter callsign 3. Send4. Receive verification
©2009 HFLINK
Global ALE SSB Voice Emergency / Disaster Relief Frequencies
3791.0 7065.0 7185.5 10145.5 14346.0 18117.5 21437.5 24932.0 28312.5 kHz USB
©2009 HFLINK
Map of Typical Locations of HFN Users 2007-2008
Map shows user trends over timeframe 2007-2008 for HFN network server logs.
Network users tend to be typically within the HFN Pilot Stations service coverage areas for regional HF propagation, in all the IARU regions.
With additional stations in all IARU regions and countries, the network can expand to cover the world with 90% service
©2009 HFLINK
Global ALE High Frequency Network
for Emergency Communicationspresented in Tokyo to the GAREC-2009
Global Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Conference
by Bonnie Crystal, VR2 / KQ6XA
“Emergency Communications across Borders”
More information: Amateur Radio ALE HF Network: HFLINK.NET
ALE Automatic Link Establishment: HFLINK.COM
©2009 HFLINK
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