2 ce elec2 earthquake intro

CE ELEC2 EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

MARK ELSON C. LUCIO, MSCE (Structures)Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP)

Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE)American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)

American Concrete Institute (ACI)

EARTHQUAKE

• An earthquake is manifested as ground shaking caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust. This energy may originate from different sources, such as dislocations of the crust, volcanic eruptions, or even by man-made explosions.

EARTHQUAKEFaults

EARTHQUAKESource

EARTHQUAKEIntensity

• Intensity is a non-instrumental measure of damage to structures, ground surface effects, e.g. fractures, cracks, landslides, and human reactions to earthquake shaking.

•It is a descriptive method which has been traditionally used to established earthquake size.

•It is a subjective damage evaluation measurement because of its qualitative nature, related to population density, familiarity with earthquake and type of constructions.

EARTHQUAKEIntensity

EARTHQUAKEMagnitude

• Magnitude is a quantitative measure of earthquake size and fault dimensions.

•It is therefore an instrumental, quantitative and objective scale.

•It can be used to quantify the amount of energy released during fault ruptures.

•Magnitude is proportional to the logarithm of seismic energy.

•The difference between two units of magnitude is a factor of 1,000 on energy release.

EARTHQUAKEMagnitude

EARTHQUAKEEffects

EARTHQUAKEDamages

EARTHQUAKENSCP 2010

• Model code: Uniform Building Code 1997 (UBC 97)

• Section 208 – Earthquake Loads

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WINDNSCP Chapter 2 – Minimum Design Loads

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EARTHQUAKE

• The Pacific Ring of Fire (or just The Ring of Fire) is an area where large numbers of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements.

•The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt.

•About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 89% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.

PACIFIC RING OF FIRE

EARTHQUAKE

Countries

1. Chile2. Mexico3. United States4. Canada5. Russia6. Japan7. Philippines8. Japan9. New Zealand10. Antarctica

Thank You!