16 quality physical education works, now what do we do, harold kohl
Post on 03-Jun-2018
220 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
1/46
Quality Physical Education Works:
Now What Do We Do?
Harold W. (Bill) Kohl, Ph.D.
Palm Beach, ArubaJune 2012
Professor of Epidemiology and
Kinesiology
University of Texas and University of Texas
School of Public Health, Texas USA
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
2/46
Dr. Andrew SpringerUniversity of
Texas School of Public Health
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
3/46
1 hour or more of PA every day.
Most of the 1 hour should be moderate-intensity
of vigorous intensity PA. Vigorous intensity activity on at least 3 days per
week.
Muscle-strengthening and bone-strengthening
activity on at least 3 days/ week.
(USDHHS 2008)
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
4/46
Its where the children are.
Existing resources and infrastructure
Trained and committed staff (teachers)Community trust
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
5/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
6/46
Guidelines for health state goal of 60
minutes/day
Even the best PE classes onlyaccelerate heart rate to a moderate-
intensity 15-20 minutes
Where should the remainder (40-45
minutes/day) come from?
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
7/46
How can schools promote childrens
physical activity beyond PE?
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
8/46
Ecological Perspectives for PA
School-Based Strategies for PA
Promotion
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
9/46
AusDiab Accelerometer Study: Increased breaks in sitting beneficiallyassociated with waist circumference, BMI, and other physiological
measures., independent of total sedentary time & MVPA. (Healy et al.,2008).
Canada Fitness Survey: Canadians who reported most of day sittinghad poorer long-term mortality outcomes. Associations held even
among those who were physically active (Katzmarzyk 2009).
Follow up AusDiab Study: Each 1-h increment in TV time associated
with increased risk of all cause and CVD mortality rates, respectively
(Independent of PA)(Dunstan et al., 2010).
U.S. (n=7744 men): >10hrs sitting/week in cars & more than 23
hrs/week watching TV and in cars = 82% and 64% increased risk of
dying from CVD (Warren et al., 2010)
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
10/46
Substantial evidence that PA can improve
academic achievement(CDC, 2010, Review of 50 studies)
Recess period of >15 minutes/1 or more times/day:improved class behavior scores (Barroso et al 09).
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
11/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
12/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
13/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
14/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
15/46
Policy
Sallis et al., 2006
(Sallis et al 2006)
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
16/46
Opportunity for Physical Activity Times per week
Minutes per session
Times during the day: before, during and after school.
Structured vs. Unstructured
Structured: PE class; structured activity breaks (classroom-based
energizers; structured recess); intramural sports
Teacher-Led vs. Student-Led vs. Free-Play
Unstructured: Free-play activity time (e.g., recess)
Quality of Physical Activity
How much time spent in MVPA? (Nader et al., 2003: 37%)
How enjoyable is PA? (e.g., only running?)
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
17/46
Policy/Social Environment
Mandated PA Time
PE Organization/Training
Supervised Free-Play Time
Activity Breaks
Community-School Partnership
Active Commuting (i.e., walk/bike to school)
Built Environment
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
18/46
Policy/Social Environment
Mandated PA Time
PE Organization/Training
Supervised Free-Play Time (before, during,
after school)
Activity Breaks
Community-School Partnership Active Commuting (i.e., walk/bike to school)
Built Environment
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
19/46
Aim: to encourage middle school
students to engage in 60 minutes of
PA every day.
Components
Get ur 60 wristbands and cards
Discounts with community partner
organizations (25+ organizations ) Prizes for wearing wristband/ being
active
Increased opportunities for activity:
Open Gym
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
20/46
Percentage of Open Gym Time 6-8thGrade
Students Engaged in MVPA(n=5 schools) Spring 2010
Mean time: 24 min.
Students: 45-100
Kelder, Springer et al., in process
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
21/46
Todays PA Menu (Delicious!)
Zone A: Four Square
Zone B: Soccer
Zone C: Hula Hoops
Zone D: Freeze Tag
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
22/46
Policy/Social Environment
Mandated PA Time
PE Organization/Training
Supervised Free-Play Time
Activity Breaks
Community-School Partnership
Active Commuting (i.e., walk/bike to school)
Built Environment
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
23/46
Promoting Lifetime Activity in Youth(PLAY)(Pangrazi et al., 2003; Ernst et al., 1999)
Teacher-led games. (Connolly & McKenzie, 1995)
TAKE 10!(Stewart et al, 2004)
KISS(RCT: Switzerland) (Kriemler et al., 2010)
ABC Activity Bursts in the Classroom(Katz et al.,
2010)
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
24/46
Energy Expenditure Profiles
8
7
65
4
3
2
1
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
a.m. p.m.
METS
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
25/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
26/46
The Program
Integrates 10 minute periods of
physical activity into school daycombined with age-appropriate
lessons of math, science, language
arts, etc.
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
27/46
The Program
Designed to complement, not
replace, other physical activityopportunities such as physical
education and after-school
programs.
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
28/46
Primary Core Academ ic
Object ives
Grade Language
Arts
Math Social
Studies
Science
Kindergarten 13 Lessons 10 lessons 7 Lessons 7 lessons
1stGrade 14 Lessons 9 Lessons 7 Lessons 4 Lessons
2ndGrade 13 Lessons 7 Lessons 5 Lessons 5 Lessons
3rdGrade 12 Lessons 7 Lessons 6 Lessons 5 Lessons
4thGrade 12 Lessons 7 Lessons 5 Lessons 7 Lessons
5thGrade 12 Lessons 6 Lessons 5 Lessons 7 Lessons
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
29/46
Grade Health and
Nutrition
Character
Education
Physical
Education
Kindergarten 3 Lessons 6 Lessons 30 Lessons
1stGrade 3 Lessons 4 Lessons 30 Lessons
2ndGrade 7 Lessons 4 Lessons 30 Lessons
3rdGrade 7 Lessons 4 Lessons 30 Lessons
4thGrade 10 Lessons 5 Lessons 30 Lessons
5thGrade 7 Lessons 6 Lessons 30 Lessons
Secondary Curr icu lum
Object ives
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
30/46
Frequency o f Teacher Imp lementation ,
TAKE 10! 1999 - 2001
0
20
40
60
80
0 1-3 4-7 8-10 11+
Fall 1999
Spring 2000
Fall 2000
Winter 2001
Times per week
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
31/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
32/46
Texas SB 19/530: 30 minutes daily structured PA
Austin Independent School District WOW Time
Objective: To assess the effect of low-cost strategies
for promoting childrens MVPA during recess and
WOW time (3rdgrade).
Strategies:
Peer-led Games Approach
Teacher-led Approach
Playground Markings
Funding: Michael & Susan Dell Foundation
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
33/46
Active Play Project Peer-Led Games Process
Student Teams (3rd
Grade)
Leadership Roles
High Activity Games
(CATCH)
Process & Guidelines
Lessons Learned so farStudents = capable
High satisfaction
Training needed
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
34/46
MethodsSOFIT-R
8 schools (>60% econ disadvantage)
October, November, Dec 2009
2 classes/school, n=77 observations
Mean minutes of recess = 21
Initial Findings:
66.4% of time in MVPA
Boys: 71.2% vs. 61.6% in girls (p
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
35/46
p
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
36/46
Policy/Social Environment
Mandated PA Time
PE Organization/Training
Supervised Free-Play Time
Activity Breaks
Community-School Partnership
Active Commuting (i.e., walk/bike to school)
Built Environment
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
37/46
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
38/46
Policy/Social Environment
Mandated PA Time
PE Organization/Training
Supervised Free-Play Time
Activity Breaks
Community-School Partnership
Active Commuting (i.e., walk/bike to school)
Built Environment
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
39/46
We shape our buildings, and
thereafter they shape us.
-Winston Churchill
(1874-1965)
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
40/46
Stratton (2000): Children 5-7 yrs
(UK). MVPA increased by 18 mins/d.
Stratton & Mullan (2005): 4-11 yrs:
MVPA increased from 37% to 50%.
Ridgers et al. (2007)
http://www.surfacesigns.co.uk/playgroundmarkings.html -
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
41/46
WOW Time
Increased MVPAduring recess?
Increased Active
Learning?
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
42/46
Ecological Models: a framework for guiding actionfor PA:
Policy Environment, Information Environment, Social-
Cultural Environment, Built Environment
Expand from a Student to a School Focus: PA Policies & Practices: activity breaks; PA opportunities before,
during & after school; PE MVPA; active commuting; PA built
environment; community-school partnerships
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
43/46
Recess Policy: How much time? NASPE: elementary school children
should be provided at least one daily period of recess
of at least 20 minutes in length.
Not withholding recess: behavior mgmnt/tutoring.
When to hold recess? (e.g., before lunch?)
Structured vs. Unstructured (RWJ: structured)
Classroom Activity Breaks= How do we promote? Quality PE: 50% MVPA : Training & Accountability
School-community partnerships:how to increase?
School faculty:Social support for childrens PA
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
44/46
Guidelines for health state goal of 60
minutes/day
Even the best PE classes onlyaccelerate heart rate to a moderate-
intensity 15-20 minutes
Where should the remainder (40-45minutes/day) come from?
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
45/46
Quality Physical Education
Free play time
Active Transport to School
Sports
Curriculum Integration
-
8/12/2019 16 Quality Physical Education Works, Now What Do We Do, Harold Kohl
46/46
top related