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Highly Stretchable Fiber-Shaped E-Textiles for Strain/Pressure Sensing, Full-Range
Human Motions Detection, Health monitoring, and 2D Force Mapping
Song Chen, Shuqi Liu, Pingping Wang, Haizhou Liu, Lan Liu*
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High
Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.
* Corresponding to Lan Liu, E-mail: psliulan@scut.edu.cn
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Figure S1. Digital photographs of the fiber-shaped textiles. (a) Optical image of the fiber-shaped
textiles. (b) Optical image of a fiber-shaped textile winding around a finger with ease, indicating
its wearable ability. (c) Optical image of a fiber-shaped textile before and after stretching (140%
strain).
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Figure S2. SEM images of the textile-AgNWs with different magnification showing that AgNWs
are coating on PU fibers
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Figure S3. SEM images of the fiber-shaped textiles coating of AgNWs with different dip-coating
times.
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Figure S4. SEM images of e-textiles coating with 1 wt% mass fractions of SBS solution. Figure
(b) is an enlarge image of (a)
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Figure S5. Possion's ratio of the e-textile under various strains. Insets are SEM images of the
fiber-shaped textile before and after 140% tension.
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Figure S6. Schematic illustrations of the cross-sectional images of textile before and after force
loaded.
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Figure S7 Normalized electronic resistance varies in response to leg shaking. Inset is the optical
image of a wearable sensor integrated onto a human's knee.
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Figure S8. (a)Schematic illustration of the as-prepared electronic fabric. The resistance change is
collected before and after loading of force. The resistance between each row and column are all
measured and plotted into a 2D map. (b) Definition of each sensor unit, For example “2-5” means
the resistance change between row 2 and column 5.
Table S1. The summary of stretchability, gauge factor, pressure sensitivity, and initial conductivity
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for typical fiber-like wearable sensors reported in recent years.
References Conductive Materials StretchabilityGauge
factor
Pressure
Sensitivity
Initial
Conductivity
[1] FWNT/PMIA 150% N/A N/A 10963 S m-1
[2] Silver Nanoflowers/PU 776% N/A N/A 4.1×106 S m-1
[3] AgNPs/SBS/PDMS N/A N/A 0.21 kPa-1 0.15 Ω cm
[4] AgNPs/AgNWs/SBS 900% 0.044 N/A 2450 S cm−1
[5]Liquid Metal
Alloy/SEBS700% N/A N/A 3 × 10−5 Ω cm
[6] Graphene/NR 800% 35 N/A N/A
[7] Graphene/Nylon yarn 150% 1.4 N/A N/A
[8] Graphene 16% 5.02 N/A 9.6 ×103 S m−1
[9]AgNWs/ Nylon
fiber/PDMS/Rubber100% 3.0 4.29 N-1 N/A
[10] ZnO/PU 150% 15.2 N/A N/A
[11] SWNTs/Cotton thread 1.65% N/A1.56%
kPa-1161 kΩ
[12] SWNTs/PU/Cotton yarn 300% 2.15 N/A 1.68 kΩ
[13] AgNWs/PU 400% N/A 0.12 kPa-1 7.3×10-5Ω cm
[14]
AgNWs/
Cotton/Spandex
yarn/PDMS
500% N/A N/A 4018 S cm-1
[15]Graphene/
Cotton/Spandex yarn675% 35 N/A 0.136 S m−1
This work AgNWs/SBS/PU fibers 140% 10.3 0.2 kPa-1 7411S m−1
Abbreviations and Notes
FWNT: Few-walled carbon nanotube; PMIA: Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide);
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AgNPs: Ag nanoparticles; SBS: Poly(styrene-block-butadienstyrene);
PDMS: Poly(dimethylsiloxane); AgNWs: Silver Nanowires;
SEBS: Poly[styreneb-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene]; NR: Nature rubber;
SWNTs: Single-walled carbon nanotubes;
Reference
[1]. Jiang S, Zhang H, Song S, et al (2015) Highly Stretchable Conductive Fibers from Few-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Coated on Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) Polymer Core/Shell Structures. ACS Nano 9:10252–10257.
[2]. Ma R, Kang B, Cho S, et al (2015) Extraordinarily High Conductivity of Stretchable Fibers of Polyurethane and Silver Nanoflowers. ACS Nano 9:10876–10886.
[3]. Lee J, Kwon H, Seo J, et al (2015) Conductive fiber-based ultrasensitive textile pressure sensor for wearable electronics. Adv Mater Deerfield Beach Fla 27:2433–2439.
[4]. Lee S, Shin S, Lee S, et al (2015) Ag Nanowire Reinforced Highly Stretchable Conductive Fibers for Wearable Electronics. Adv Funct Mater 25:3114–3121.
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[9]. Boland CS, Khan U, Backes C, et al (2014) Sensitive, High-Strain, High-Rate Bodily Motion Sensors Based on Graphene–Rubber Composites. ACS Nano 8:8819–8830.
[10]. Liao X, Liao Q, Zhang Z, et al (2016) A Highly Stretchable ZnO@Fiber-Based Multifunctional Nanosensor for Strain/Temperature/UV Detection. Adv Funct Mater 26:3074–3081.
[11]. Tai Y, Lubineau G (2016) Double-Twisted Conductive Smart Threads Comprising a Homogeneously and a Gradient-Coated Thread for Multidimensional Flexible Pressure-Sensing Devices. Adv Funct Mater 26:4078–4084.
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[12]. Wang Z, Huang Y, Sun J, et al (2016) Polyurethane/Cotton/Carbon Nanotubes Core-Spun Yarn as High Reliability Stretchable Strain Sensor for Human Motion Detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8:24837–24843.
[13]. Wei Y, Chen S, Yuan X, et al (2016) Multiscale Wrinkled Microstructures for Piezoresistive Fibers. Adv Funct Mater 26:5078–5085.
[14]. Cheng Y, Wang R, Sun J, Gao L (2015) Highly Conductive and Ultrastretchable Electric Circuits from Covered Yarns and Silver Nanowires. ACS Nano 9:3887–3895.
[15]. Cheng Y, Wang R, Sun J, Gao L (2015) A Stretchable and Highly Sensitive Graphene-Based Fiber for Sensing Tensile Strain, Bending, and Torsion. Adv Mater 27:7365–7371.
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