1 wind turbines supervisor: prof. göran wall by yulu mao 23 october 2006 best regards to prof. wall...
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Wind TurbinesWind Turbines
Supervisor: Prof. Göran Wall
By Yulu Mao
23 October 2006
Best regards to Prof. Wall and our group-mates.
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Contents
• 1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction
• 2. 2. Wind turbine Wind turbine generationgeneration
• 3. 3. GenerationGeneration on grid on grid
• 4. 4. TechnicalTechnical situations and Main wind situations and Main wind turbine turbine manufactoriesmanufactories
• 5. 5. The The componentscomponents of Wind Turbine of Wind Turbine
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1. IntroductionWind turbines tap an inexhaustible resource to generate green electrons. They produce electricity without creating air pollution, water pollution, or hazardous waste. They release no greenhouse gases. These clear environmental advantages are complemented by economic and social benefits.
Wind power can be competitive with conventional electricity supply options in large, multi-turbine arrays and in residential- and community-scale applications. Wind is sometimes referred to as a fuel-saving supply option
Major expansion in regional wind capacity could thus improve air quality and help decrease public health risks in localized areas. It could also reduce the state’s vulnerability to fluctuations in the price of individual fuels.
Clear
Conventional
Safe
It is going to cheaper and cheaper…
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• What is the relationship between Frequency and Voltage in Wind Power Generation ?
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A small wind farmSvenska Hogarna rated power of 21 KW
Resource: <Grid Interaction and Power Quality Wind Turbine Generator Systems>
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Andros’s wind farm rated total power of 15MW
A Bigger Wind farm
Resource: <Grid Interaction and Power Quality Wind Turbine Generator Systems>
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WHAT is the difference ?
Why do the difference come ?
MORE smoothness
Resource: <Grid Interaction and Power Quality Wind Turbine Generator Systems>
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Available wind speed
Each turbine could only use a range of wind speed.
<Aero elastic Simulation of Wind Turbine Dynamics>, by A. Ahlstrom
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Others This Figure indicated :
• 1. Choose a suitable wind turbine for locals is practical and realistic.
• 2. High Speed wind turbine's design can help a lot on wind resources utilization.
• 3. Calculated in the ‘wind resource’, but it hardly transfers to electricity.
Resource: www.nrel.gov
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3. Generation with Wind turbine
• What is the problem of off-grid wind turbine.
Wind Consumption Yes No
Yes
No
Situations between Consumption and Wind power supply
How to solve the problem?
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2
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Connect smart wind turbine to network to supply a gap.
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in grid wind turbines
– Superior:• Abundant wind resource
• hence financial return on the sale of electricity
– Internal:• inter-connections of grid
• the material of wind turbine
• the location of install each turbine
• …….
WHAT is the developing factors in grid wind turbine?
Resource: www.power-technology.com/
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Some beautiful type of wind turbines
Resource: http://www.windside.com Resource: http://www.selsam.com/
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The Main Wind Turbine Manufactories of World
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Manufactories of Wind Turbine[1] Wind Turbine ServinceResearch about Windturbin
e
ABB Ltd. Airtricity Ecotècnia sccl - Enercon GmbH, Eoltec Gamesa Corporacion Tecnologica Hush Turbine LM Glasfiber A/S PB Power REpower Selsam Innovations / Superturbin
e Inc. Southwest Windpower Suzlon Energy Ltd Vergnet Vestas Wind Prospect Windside WinWinD Oy
Det Norske VeritasCertification of wind turbines and wind
turbine projects. Hansen Transmissions Int.Gear Units for Wind Turbines Natural PowerInternational wind energy consultancy
services Pauwels Trafo Irelandrecently celebrated the unveiling of the
200,000th transformer Valmont Wind Energy, Inc. the Valmont wind turbine is 4 times
durable than non-galvanized tower.
EMD A/SWindPRO software package
for project design and planning of turbines
Garrad Hassan and Partners Ltd.
[1] Generally, most of manufactories not only product the turbine, but also do researches on the components.
02000
4000
6000
8000
1000012000
ABB [9
]
Airt
ricity
[10]
Ecot
ecni
a Scc
l [11
]
ENER
CO
N G
mbH
[12]
eolte
c [1
3]
Gam
esa
Eolic
a [1
4]
PB P
ower
[15]
Suz
lon
Ener
gy L
td [1
6]
Sou
thw
estW
indp
ower
[17]ve
rgne
t [18
]
Ves
tas
[19]
Win
d Pr
ospe
ct [2
0]
Wind Turbine SizesResource from website of each company
min Capacity(KW)
max Capacity(KW)
Generators Productors
ABB 250 5250
Airtricity 200 660
Ecotecnia Sccl 0.10 75
ENERCON GmbH 900 900
eoltec 006 250
Gamesa Eolica 850 2000
PB Power 200 750
Suzlon Energy Ltd 350 2000
SouthwestWindpower 250 500
vergnet 250 5000
Vestas 850 4500
Wind Prospect 225 2000
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5. The components of Wind Turbine
Resource : http://www.nrel.gov/
1. Blade2. Brake3. Others
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(1).BladesNumber of
BladesAdvantages Shortage
One One blade wind turbine have a best cost of construction and potential reductions in maintenance costs.
May need a counterbalance and therefore it is not lighter than 2 blades one.
Two Get more 6% [1]efficiency compared with one blade wind turbine.
Three Get more 2-3% efficiency compared with two blades wind turbine.Have a aesthetic.
More cost of potential reductions in fabrication and maintenance costs.
[1] All efficiency be got on the tip blade speed at 60-70m/s.
The advantages and shortages with different number of blades
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Blade element momentum theory (BEM)
BEM theory has been shown to give good accuracy with respect to time cost
The local forces on the bladeThe local forces on the blade.
The theory has been The theory has been found to be very useful found to be very useful for comparative studies for comparative studies in wind turbine in wind turbine developing.developing.It is still the best tool It is still the best tool available for getting available for getting good, first order good, first order predictions of predictions of thrust, thrust, torque and efficiencytorque and efficiency for for turbine blades over a turbine blades over a large range of operating large range of operating conditions.conditions.
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New research on blade
Resource: www.fel.mach.mie-u.ac.jp Resource: www.fel.mach.mie-u.ac.jp
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(2). Breaking System
•The advantage of A-Brake:•Less stress be placed on the work components•Use to limit speed of rotation•No damage on the components
Aerodynamic Brake
Resource: http://www.windpower.org/
•The principle of A-Brake:•Rotate the tip of blade/whole blade for more friction from wind to reduce the speed of rotation.
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Mechanical Brake
•Use for :•Complete stop the rotation•Use for fixing on gear failure
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References
• Textbooks:
• Aerolastic Simulation of Wind Turbine Dynamics, Ahlström Anders
Web sites:
http://www.wnel.gov
http://www.google.com
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• Thank you for listening…
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