starter activity on 17 july 1975, the us and soviet spaceships linked up. read about the events on...
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starter activity
On 17 July 1975, the US and Soviet spaceships linked up. Read about the events on p.137-8. How significant was this event in the history of Cold War?
What factors What factors pushed the pushed the
superpowers superpowers towards Détente?towards Détente?
To define keywords: Détente, To define keywords: Détente, Ostpolitik & RealpolitikOstpolitik & Realpolitik
To identify & evaluate 4 causes of To identify & evaluate 4 causes of DétenteDétente
Aims
Significance of Apollo-Significance of Apollo-SoyuzSoyuz
Previous attempts at Previous attempts at sharing technology sharing technology failed, e.g. Baruch failed, e.g. Baruch Plan (1946) & ‘Open Plan (1946) & ‘Open Skies’ (1955)Skies’ (1955)
5 years in the 5 years in the planningplanning
Astronauts conducted Astronauts conducted experiments together experiments together & shared & shared accommodationaccommodation
Received messages Received messages from Ford & Brezhnevfrom Ford & Brezhnev
Televised worldwideTelevised worldwidePresident Ford & Soviet Leader Brezhnev
Your taskYour task
Read p. 138-141 and complete the Read p. 138-141 and complete the table your teacher provides.table your teacher provides.
Your taskYour task
On your chart in highlight in On your chart in highlight in different colours evidence to different colours evidence to suggest that political or suggest that political or economic considerations led economic considerations led to Détente.to Détente.
Read about Henry Kissinger Read about Henry Kissinger on p.141-2.on p.141-2.
Provide 3 pieces of evidence Provide 3 pieces of evidence that Nixon & Kissinger were that Nixon & Kissinger were key players in Détente.key players in Détente.
Nixon & Kissinger
Nixon & KissingerNixon & Kissinger
Kissinger & Nixon encouraged Kissinger & Nixon encouraged improved relations with Chinese -– improved relations with Chinese -– ‘Ping Pong’ diplomacy‘Ping Pong’ diplomacy
Nixon & Kissinger both Republicans Nixon & Kissinger both Republicans with anti-Communist reputations– with anti-Communist reputations– brought right-wing support for Détente brought right-wing support for Détente
Both practical politicians– used Both practical politicians– used realpolitik to establish better relations realpolitik to establish better relations with USSR & Chinawith USSR & China
Your taskYour task
Study the documents in Sewell, ‘The Study the documents in Sewell, ‘The Cold War’ p.107-109 and complete Cold War’ p.107-109 and complete Qs 1-5Qs 1-5
Détente sourcesDétente sources Q1: Gromyko speaks about the need to ‘curb the arms race’, Q1: Gromyko speaks about the need to ‘curb the arms race’,
reduce expenditure, e.g. affordable aid for ‘national liberation’ reduce expenditure, e.g. affordable aid for ‘national liberation’ movementsmovements
Q2: Zhikov speaks about the threat to other Eastern Bloc Q2: Zhikov speaks about the threat to other Eastern Bloc countries if the Soviets are too soft on countries like countries if the Soviets are too soft on countries like CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia
Q3 USSR remained committed to aiding ‘national liberation Q3 USSR remained committed to aiding ‘national liberation movements’, i.e. countries like Cuba which had overthrown non-movements’, i.e. countries like Cuba which had overthrown non-Communist regimes but also saw the need for improved relations Communist regimes but also saw the need for improved relations with West, e.g. welcoming Brandt’s Ostpolitik approacheswith West, e.g. welcoming Brandt’s Ostpolitik approaches
Q4: USA aware of the game China was playing by pursuing Q4: USA aware of the game China was playing by pursuing ‘rapprochement’; Nixon viewed Détente as a geopolitical ‘rapprochement’; Nixon viewed Détente as a geopolitical manoeuvre, whilst those on far right wished to see conflict with manoeuvre, whilst those on far right wished to see conflict with supporters of Communismsupporters of Communism
Q5: evidence to support selfishness, e.g. Nixon’s comments on Q5: evidence to support selfishness, e.g. Nixon’s comments on Détente, Soviet concerns over stability in Eastern Europe, Détente, Soviet concerns over stability in Eastern Europe, evidence against, e.g. Gromyko speak about need for evidence against, e.g. Gromyko speak about need for constructive diplomacy, need to ‘loosen up frontiers’ e.g. Berlin constructive diplomacy, need to ‘loosen up frontiers’ e.g. Berlin Wall Wall
PlenaryPlenary
Explain the meaning of these terms: Explain the meaning of these terms: Détente, Ostpolitik & RealpolitikDétente, Ostpolitik & Realpolitik
What was so significant about the What was so significant about the Apollo-Soyuz link-up?Apollo-Soyuz link-up?
Give 4 major causes of DétenteGive 4 major causes of Détente What evidence is there that Détente What evidence is there that Détente
was prompted by essentially selfish was prompted by essentially selfish motives?motives?
Extension readingExtension reading
John Lewis Gaddis, ‘The Cold War’ John Lewis Gaddis, ‘The Cold War’ p.181-4 take notes on Kissinger’s p.181-4 take notes on Kissinger’s reasons for pursuing Détentereasons for pursuing Détente
Jeremy Isaacs, ‘Cold War’, p.319-20 Jeremy Isaacs, ‘Cold War’, p.319-20 take notes on Brandt’s contribution take notes on Brandt’s contribution to Ostpolitik.to Ostpolitik.
HomeworkHomework Produce a factoid on the part played by Produce a factoid on the part played by
Kissinger in promoting Détente. include Kissinger in promoting Détente. include sections on his early political career, his role in sections on his early political career, his role in developing Détente with the USSR, developing Détente with the USSR, rapprochement with China and securing end to rapprochement with China and securing end to war in Vietnam war in Vietnam
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