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>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDod\
>Lho/fhfrfo{lj/lrtd\
Manakamana The Wish-Fulfilling Goddess of Power in Gorkha
Sanskrit Text and English Translation
by
Jayaraj Acharya
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{gd\
Description of Gorkha
Chapter 2 dgMsfdgf]TklQj0f{gd\
Description of the Origin of Manakamana
Chapter 3 dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{gd\
Description of Deities at Manakamana Temple
Chapter 4 nvGyfkftLyf{6gl;4u'xfj0f{gd\
Lakhan Thapa's Pilgrimage and Cave
Chapter 5 dgMsfdgfelQmkmnj0f{gd\
Rewards of Devotion to Manakamana
Chapter 6 dgMsfdgfk"hfj0f{gd\
The Method of Worshipping Manakamana
Chapter 7 dgMsfdgfkl/;/j0f{gd\
Surroundings of Manakamana
Appendix dgMsfdgf:tf]qd\
Prayer to Manakamana
Preface Śrimanaḥkāmanā-Māhātmyam is a descriptive Purāṇa (legend) written in Sanskrit in modern
times. However, the story and tradition of this legend is an ancient one.
While translating the text, the name Manaḥkāmanā has been spelt as Manakamana, although
the correct form is the former one. The latter form is used in the translation just in order to
make it sound the same as it is pronounced by the people in general. The translation is meant
for a general reader, not an academician.
Goddess Manakamana has been worshipped by people of all sects of Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh
and other religions in South Asia. Manakamana is a Shaktipitha (Temple of the Goddess of
Power). The legend of the deity is related to King Rama Shaha who ruled around 1606-1636 in
Gorkha. The word Gorkha is derived from Sanskrit Go-raksha (Protection of the Cows), a
traditional duty of the Hindu kings and society in general.
King Prithvinarayan Shaha, who ruled during 1742-1775, unified the mountain principalities
including the Kathmandu valley kingdoms thus laying the foundation of modern Nepal.
According to the popular legend, he was blessed by Manakamana for his successful unification
campaign.
About a million people from Nepal, India and overseas go on a respectful visit to the
Manakamana temple every year. This number is increasing thanks to the cable car built by
Manakamana Darshan Private Limited that has reduced the time just to 10 minutes from the
bank of the sacred Trisuli River to the temple. Earlier, the trek would take about 5 hours on a
steep mountain.
I would like to thank Rev. Casper Miller, S. J. who read the English translation before it was
sent to the press. I would also like to thank Mr. Lakshman Babu Shrestha who built the cable
car and asked me tor write this book.
Jayaraj Acharya
Kathmandu
January 31, 2000
ç
>Lu0f]zfo gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k|ydf]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgfb]jL t:of dfxfTDod'Qdd\ .
>f]t'sfdf]˜l:d d] ;j{+ ;]ltxf;+ u'/f] jb .. ! ..
Veneration to Shri Ganesa
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER ONE
The King said:
1.1 I am interested to hear about the Glory of Manakamana. So, O respected
teacher, please tell me all about her Glory together with the history of her
appearance.
u'??jfr
dxfef/tjif{:o dWo] e'jgk"lht] .
cfof{jt{M k'0oe"ldd{Wo+ ljGWolxdfnof]M .. @ ..
The Teacher said:
1.2 Aryavarta is the sacred land situated between the Vindhya and the Himalaya
mountains in the middle of the Mahabharata region.
cfof{jt{:of]Q/:of+ lblz eflt lxdfrnM .
t:of˜l:t blIf0f] rfÍ] /fi6+« g]kfn;+1sd \ ..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fHoldlt >'td\ .. #..
1.3 The Himalaya Mountains gloriously glitter, standing at the northern end of the
Aryavarta. The kingdom of Nepal lies in the southern lap of the Himalaya
Mountains. It is known as the only Hindu kingdom in the world.
g]kfn/fi6«dWo:yf] uf]/vf jL/d08nM .
Gofok|bfg] :jftGœo] rf˜:t] Voftf] dxLtn] .. $ ..
1.4 In the middle of the kingdom of Nepal lies Gorkha which is well known
around the world as the land of brave people. It is also famous in the world as a
lover of JUSTICE and FREEDOM.
lqz"nLsd{bfdWo] gfgflzvl/lej[{tM .
;j[4u08sLgfgflgDgufleZr ;]ljtM ..%..
1.5 Lying between the rivers Trisuli and Karmada (Marsyangdi), this region is
covered by many mountains, and numerous rivers including Budhi Gandaki.
lxds"6fb\ ljlgu{To blIf0f] k|jxlGt ofM .
gB:tfM k'0oe"ld+ tf+ l;~rlGt k|f~hn}h{n}M ..^..
1.6 The rivers that flow from the Himalaya Mountains irrigate the sacred land of
Gorkha with crystal clear water.
uf]/vfVof] hgkbf] b|Jo;fx;'zfl;tM .
uf]ljk|of] /IfsTjfb\ wd{/If pbL/LtM ..&..
1.7 The district named Gorkha (derived from the word Go-raksha) was well ruled
first by King Dravya Shaha, and that district was known as the protector of the
cows, the Brahmanas and dharma (the law of rectitude).
b|Jokf}qf] /fd;fxf] /fd/fHoljwfosM .
Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uR5]b\ uf]/vfldToVofkot\ ..*..
1.8 His grandson Rama Shaha literally established Rama-rajya (ideal kingdom)
in Gorkha. He was the one who made the proverb famous - "If justice is lost, go
to Gorkha to get it."
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] hftf] uf]/Ife"klto{bf .
k[YJof+ gf/fo0f]g}j hGd k|fKtldjfejt\ ..(..
1.9 Prithvinarayana Shaha was born into this very dynasty. When he was born, it
was just like Lord Narayana (Visnu) being born on earth.
lxGb"/fi6«dljR5]B+ ljZjljQ+ ljlwT;'gf .
t]g e"nf]skfn]g g]kfnf] ljk'nLs[t M ..!)..
åflj+zltrt'lj{zTofboM snxlk|ofM .
;j{]˜Ko]s}szf] e"kf lglh{tfM s/bLs[tfM ..!!..
1.10 That great King made Nepal greater. The quarreling small kings of the
groups called "twenty-two" and "twenty-four" mountain principalities were all
defeated and subjugated by him.
g]kfn/fi6«lgdf{0f] sf/0f+ uf]/vf˜ejt \ .
ttM k|l;4f] e'jg] uf]/vfzAb OTo;f} .. !@..
1.12 Thus Gorkha was the cause of the birth of modern Nepal. That is a reason
for the word Gorkha becoming famous in the world.
P]ltxfl;s;Gb[i6Øf dxTj+ t:o jt{t] .
ljljwfleM ;+:s[ltle:tå}lzi6\o+ dxLot] .. !#..
1.13 Gorkha has special significance in Nepal's history. Its special significance
also lies in the plurality of its cultures.
;jf{;f+ ;+:s[tLgf~r ;+xlt:t:o df}lnsd\ .
/fli6«o+ rl/t+, o]g g]kfnrl/t+ s[td\ .. !$..
1.14 The unique national character of Gorkha lies in the unity of all cultures that
are there. The same fact about the plurality of cultures has also defined Nepal's
national character today.
u'j{Ëf du/f ljk|f g]jf/fM IflqofM k|hfM .
rft'j{0o{+ ;dfkGgfM lghwd{k/fo0ffM ..!%..
1.15 The Gurungs, the Magars, the Brahmanas, the Newars, the Kshatriyas and
all the people there are organized into four main groups, and they observe their
respective traditional duties in a strict manner.
k|s[ltM zf]egf tq w/0fL z:ozflngL .
hgfZr jLo{j}bUWof Gofo:jftGœokf]ifsfM ..!^..
1.16 Nature there is beautiful . The soil is productive. The people are brave, and
they favor JUSTICE and FREEDOM.
lxds"6fT;df/Eo dxLw|]if' hn]if' r .
lgj;lGt ;'/f:tq uf]/vf/If0f] /tfM ..!&..
pQ/:of+ b'Uws'08:tLy{/fhf] lj/fht] .
>fj0of+ kf}0f{df:of+ lx eStfgfsif{og\ ax"g\ ..!*..
1.17-18 From the top of the Himalaya Mountains down to the hills and waters,
there are gods and goddesses residing there as guardians of Gorkha. In the
northern region of Gorkha there is a great lake called Dugdhakunnda (lake of
milk) which is regarded as a sacred place. This sacred place is visited by
thousands of devotees on the full moon day in the month of Shravana (July-
August).
uf]/vf/fhwfGof+ lx u'?uf]/IfuXj/d\ .
sflnsfdlGb/+ rf:t] /fhk|f;fb;lGgwf} ..!(..
1.19 There is the sacred cave of Gorakshanatha in the capital of Gorkha. There is
also the temple of Kalika (Goddess of Power) right next to the royal palace.
lj/fht] kj{t:o lzv/] ;j{sfdbf .
>LdgMsfdgf dftf ;j{nf]sk|k"lhtf ..@)..
1.20 The mother Goddess Manakamana resides on top of a mountain, fulfilling
the wishes of devotees and accepting the veneration of the entire world.
sˆofsgflDg s"6]˜l:t l>tf] du/hfltleM .
of] dgMsfdgf;+1f] u|fdf] u|fd]if' ;f]˜lu|dM ..@!..
1.21 The beautiful village called Manakamana is located on the mountain top
called Kaphyak which is inhabited mostly by the Magar people.
lbZo'Qdlu/]:t:o k"j{:of+ j[4u08sL .
blIf0f:of+ lqz"nL r jxt] k|otf ;l/t\ ..@@..
klZrdfof++ b/f}+bLlt Voftf wdf{jtL gbL .
d:of{ª\bL sd{bf tq ;dfoflt lxdfnofb\ ..@#..
o] å] gBf} ;dfuTo g}C{Tof+ lblz ;+ut] .
t] dgMsfdgfkfbf} IffnoGTofljj l:yt] ..@$..
1.20 To the east of the great mountain flows Budhigandaki. On the southern side
flows the sacred river Trisuli. On the western side flows the river Dharmavati,
also called Daraundi. The river Marsyangdi, which is also called Karmada arrives
there from the Himalaya Mountains. Those two rivers (Marsyangdi and
Daraundi) make a confluence on the south-western side of the mountain as if they
are washing the feet of Goddess Manakamana.
gB:tfM k'0o;lnnf lxdkj{tlgM;[tfM .
tf;f+ ;+ud pQfnM k'0ofTk'0ot/M :d[tM .. @%..
1.25 The rivers with clear water flowing from the Himalaya Mountains are all
sacred. But the confluence of such rivers is more sacred than all other sacred
places.
d'lUngfVo] k|b]z] tfM ;l/tM ;d'kfutfM .
k|jxlGt tt:tLy+{ b]j3§+ k|lt b|'td\ ..@^..
1.26 All those rivers mingle in a place called Muglin. From there, they run very
fast to the sacred place called Deva-ghata (the shrine of gods).
of dgMsfdgf t:of dlGb/fbltzf]egf .
b[Zot] Xo'Q/fzfof+ lxdkj{tz[Înf ..@&..
jg/flhg{bL z:oZofdnf r j;'Gw/f .
ntf cgf]sxfZr}j b[ZoGt] kmnk'ikbfM ..@*..
1.27-28 From the temple of Goddess Manakamana, one can have a very beautiful
view of the Himalaya mountain range. One can see also forests, beautiful
landscape rich with green vegetation, mainly creepers and many trees giving an
abundance of flowers and fruits.
cDaf–gf/Ë–/DefnL–kg;fd|kmnflg r .
b]JofM k|;fb¿k]0f k|fKoGt] tq ;j{bf ..@(..
1.29 Guavas, oranges, bananas, jackfruit, mangoes and other fruits are available
there as offerings to Goddess Manakamana. Or you can say that they are available
to us as prasada (blessed food) of Goddess Manakamana.
af}4}M l;Sv}Zr lxGb"leM zfSt}M z}j}/xlg{zd\ .
;f dgMsfdgf dftf lgTodf:t] k|k"lhtf ..#)..
1.30 Mother Goddess Manakamana is worshipped by all people: the Buddhists,
the Sikhs, the Shaktas (worshippers of the Goddess of power) and the Shaivas
(worshippers of Lord Shiva).
OTydEolr{tf nf]s}df{tf sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eStfgfdeofo}j /fht] /fi6«/l~hgL ..#!..
1.31 Thus worshipped by all people, Mother Manakamana the Compassionate
Goddess, Resides in her shrine for the protection of her devotees.
k|o'tfblws+ eStfM k|ltjif+{ tbx{0ffd\ .
s'j{lGt alnbfg]g k'ikdfnfkmn}/lk ..#@..
1.32 More than a million devotees worship Goddess Manakamana offering her
animal sacrifices, flowers and fruits every year.
s'Ss'6R5fudlxifx+;d]iflbsfg\ kz"g\ .
aln¿k]0f ;b\eStf b]Jo} eSTofk{olGt r ..##..
1.33 Roosters, goats, male buffaloes, ducks and rams are sacrificed almost every
day by the devotees for the satisfaction of the Goddess.
s]lrt\ ;dk{oGtLx skf]tf} hLljtfjlk .
gfl/s]nkmn+ s]lrt\ tQ[KTo} aln¿ktM ..#$..
1.34 Some devotees happily offer and release a pair of pigeons in the name of the
Goddess. Some others offer a coconut instead of the sacrificial animal.
o:t' k"hot] eSTof b]jL+ lzv/jfl;gLd\ .
tf+ dgMsfdgf+ ; :ofb\ wgwfGo;'tflGjtM ..#%..
ej]H1fgL /fhdfGof] dltdfg\ zlStdf+:tyf .
lgTo+ lg/fdoM zfGtM k|;Ggf] nf]sxif{sM ..#^..
1.35-36 Whoever worships Goddess Manakamana residing on top of the
mountain will be prosperous with food-grains and sons. He will be a
knowledgeable person honored even by the king. He will be wise, powerful,
healthy, free from ailments, beautiful, happy and pleasing to society.
oM k7]t\ >4of b]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
;f]˜lk If]ddgfKgf]lt dft'/]j k|;fbtM ..#&..
1.37 Whoever reads this auspicious Glory of Manakamana will be protected by
the compassionate Mother Goddess.
o:t' k':tsk"hf~r s/f]lt >4of ;bf ..
; dgMsfdgfb]Jof ej]t\ lk|ot/f] g/M ..#*..
1.38 Even he who worships this book with respect and devotion will also be
favored by Goddess Manakamana.
of] dgMsfdgfof lx dfxfTDodltb'Nn{ed\ .
k|bf:olt r eSt]EoM ; ej]b\ /lIft:tof ..#(..
1.39 This Śrimanaḥkāmanā-Māhātmyam (Glory of Manakamana) is extremely
difficult to obtain. So if someone gives this book to good devotees, he will always
be protected by Goddess Manakamana.
of] dgMsfdgfb]JofM k7]t\ :tf]q+ r k|Toxd\ .
; t]h:jL ej]b\ jL/f] /fhg]tf hglk|oM ..$)..
1.40 Whoever recites the Śrimanaḥkāmanā-stotra everyday will be a brilliant
and brave statesman well-respected by the people.
k|lt;fo+ k7]b\ o:t' :jhg}M kl/jfl/tM .
cWofod]sdw{ jf Znf]sfg\ sltkofg't ..$!..
t:d} ;f}efUodIf'00f+ ;'v+ ;DklQd]j r .
>LdgMsfdgf b]jL k|oR5lt g ;+zoM ..$@..
1.41-42 If someone reads a chapter, or half a chapter, or just a few verses from
this Māhātmyam every evening with his family, that wise person will be blessed
by Goddess Manakamana with good luck, happiness and prosperity. There is no
doubt about that.
;b\ledf{GoM lzjs/tg'M zÍ/:ofjtf/f]
uf]/Iff] of] ljgolt hgfn\F nf]s/Iffk|j[QM .
;j{]Eof] gf]˜lenliftbbf+ tf+ dgMsfdgf + r
uf}/L+ zZjHhglxts/LdLZj/Ldfx'/fKtfM ..$#..
1.43 Lord Gorakshanatha, the incarnation of Lord Siva, protects and disciplines
all the world. Goddess Manakamana, fulfilling the wishes of her devotees, is said
to be the eternal consort of Lord Siva in the form of Durga (the Goddess of
Power)
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{g+ gfd k|ydf]˜WofoM ..!..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy låtLof]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'Tjf dgMsfdgfof dfxfTDo+ lsl~rb'Q/d\ .
>f]t'+ dgM sfdot] t:ofZrf]TklQsf/0fd\ ..!..
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER TWO
The King said:
2.1 Hearing a little about the Glory of Manakamana from you, my mind is curious
to know more about her origin.
u'??jfr
of b]jL ;[li6¿kf ;f huTqolxt}lif0fL .
;j{q zlSt¿k]0f dft[¿k]0f r l:ytf ..@..
g]kfn/fi6«/Iffy{+ k|fb'e{"tf lx tq ;f .
tGdgMsfdgfof:Tj+ eStf] eljt'dx{l; ..#..
The Teacher said:
2.2-3 The Goddess, assuming the form of creation, and desiring the well-being of
all the three worlds, resides everywhere in the form of power and motherhood.
The same Goddess manifested herself there in Gorkha for the creation and
protection of Nepal as a nation. So, you yourself must be a devotee of
Manakamana as well.
c:o /fi6«:o aLh+ t' ;[i6]/fbf} lx z"lngf .
pKtdf;Llbb+ /fi6«+ :ju{t'No+ ljlwT;'gf ..$..
2.4 The seed of this nation was sown by Lord Shiva at the very beginning of
creation since he desired to create a nation as beautiful as heaven on earth.
b|Jo;fxflewf] jL/M ;'zLnM Iflqoif{eM .
nDh'Ë/fhk'qf]˜;fjf;LGGofok|jw{sM ..%..
2.5 Then Dravya Shaha was born as the best kshatriya, a brave and cultured
person. The son of the King of Lamjung, he was a promoter of justice.
sfnLeStf hgfM ;j{] uf]/vfjfl;g:tbf .
Goføo+, ;'/fi6«+, :jftGœodEoniog \ ;'/f Oj ..^..
2.6 The citizens of Gorkha, devotees of Kali, wanted a state based on JUSTICE
and FREEDOM as the gods themselves would want.
cGj]ifoGt påfx+' /fhfg+ gLltsf]ljbd\ .
t]˜>[0jg\ gfd b|Jo:o ;fx;+ w}o{d]j r ..&..
tt:tblGts+ uTjf uf]/vfg[kt]M kb] .
t+ :yfklot'ldR5Gtf] t]˜a|'jg \ Iffqk"?ifd\ ..*..
2.7-8 As they were looking for a good king knowledgeable of good policies, they
heard about the name, courage and patience of Dravya Shaha. So they went to the
prince with the intention of putting him on the throne as the king of Gorkha. Then
they spoke to the Kshatriya (born to protect).
uf]/vfhfgkbf pmr'M
u'j{Ëf du/fM Iffqf a|fXd0ffu|f jo+ k|hfM .
;'zf;g+ :yfkloTjf ;Gtf]if+ b]lx gf] a'w ..(..
c:dlGgj]bg+ >'Tjf TjdfuR5 g[kf] ej .
Gofo:jtGqtfwf/] /fHo+ ;~rfno k|ef] ..(..
:jftGœo]0f ljgf nf]sM sy+ k|fk]t \ ;dfgtfd\ <
ljgf ;dfgtf+ Gofo+ k|fKg'jlGt k|hfM syd\ < ..!)..
;dfgtf s]jn+ lx e|fqf]d{Wo] ej]lGdyM .
ttf] hfgkbfg\ e|ft[g\ dTjf Tj+ zf;g+ s'? ..!!..
jo+ s'zf;sfb]j kLl8tflZr/sfntM .
;'zf;g+ TjdfuTo b]lx gM Iflqoif{e ..!@..
The citizens of Gorkha said.
2.9-12 We are the Gurungs, the Magars, the Kshatriyas led by the Brahmanas. O
wisest one, please establish a good rule in Gorkha, and please give us protection.
With our support, you can come and be our king. O Lord, establish a state that is
based on JUSTICE and FREEDOM. How can people get justice unless they are
treated as equals? And can people be treated as equals unless they are free?
Equality is found to exist only between brothers. So please love the people as
your own brothers and rule over them. Today, we are suffering from a bad ruler.
So we are here. O Kshatriya, please come, and give us good governance.
u'??jfr
OTy+ lgj]lbtf] nf]s}uf]{/vfjfl;lea'{w}M .
b|Jo;fxf]˜udb \ /fhk|f;fb+ tq ;+l:ytd\ ..!#..
uTjf˜k;fo{ ls+e"k+ /fhl;+xf;g]˜j;t \ .
uf]/vfjfl;g:t:dft\ ;'zf;gdjfKg'jg\ ..!$..
kfnloTjf ax"gAbfg\ k|hfM k'qflgjf}/;fg\ .
:ju{+ k|oftM ;f}/fHo+ bTjf k'qfo wLdt] ..!%..
The Teacher said:
2.13-15 So requested by the citizens of Gorkha, Dravya Shaha went to the royal
palace of Gorkha. He removed the bad king there, and sat on the throne. Then the
people of Gorkha had good governance from him. Having protected the people of
Gorkha like his own children for many years, King Dravya Shaha passed away
and bequeathed the stable kingdom to his son.
b|Jo;fx:o k'q:t' k"0f{;fxM ;'zf;sM.
OGb|t'Nof]˜ejQ:dft\ k'/Gb/ Olt :d[tM ..!^..
t:o k'qZ5q;fxf] Ho]i7f]˜Nkfo'a{e"j x .
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fhf /fd;df]˜ejt \ ..!&..
2.16-17 The son of Dravya Shaha was Purna Shaha who was also a very good
king. Because he was considered to be like Indra, he was called Purandara Shaha.
His elder son was Chatra Shaha but he did not live long. So the younger son
Rama Shaha, who then became the king, was like King Rama indeed.
t:o GofoJoj:yf lx nf]s] ljVofltdfutf .
/fd/fHo+ uf]/vfof+ :yflkt+ t]g lgZrod\ ..!*..
2.18 The justice system of Rama Shaha was famous around the world since he
had indeed established Ramarajya (ideal kingdom) in Gorkha.
olb ljBf ljn'Ktf :oft\ sfZof+ uR5Gt' dfgjfM ..
olb Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uf]/vf+ ofGt' dfgjfM ..
Olt k|l;4f nf]sf]StL /fd;fxk|zf;gft\ ..!(..
2.19 The proverb, "If knowledge is lost, go to Banaras; if justice is lost, go to
Gorkha" became well-known because of Rama Shaha's rule.
/fhf]jfr
sy+ >L/fd;fx]g Gofozf;gd'Qdd\ .
bQ+ r sLb[zL zlSt:t:d} k|fKtf˜ejt \ syd\ .
Olt d] ;j{dfVoft'dx{l; Tj+ a'wf]Qd ..@)..
The King said:
2.20 How could Rama Shaha dispense such justice? What kind of special power
did he have? How did he get it? O most knowledgeable teacher, please tell me all
about it.
u'??jfr
/fd;fx:o dlxifL ;j{nIf0f;+o'tf .
nLnfjtLlt lj1ftf gfDgf;Lb\ dlxdfjtL ..@!..
;}j /f1L rGb|d'vLTolk nf]s}M :d[tf˜ejt \ ..
cg]s}gf{dle1f{tf ;f˜e"t \ ls+ t:o sf/0fd\ .
;j{+ /fh]Gb| jIoflk ;fjwfgtof z[0f' ..@@..
The teacher said:
2.21-22 The queen of Rama Shaha was endowed with all virtues and good
qualities. Her name was Mahimavati. She was also known as Lilavati. The people
called her Chandramukhi as well. Why was she called by so many names? What
was the reason? I will tell all about it as well. O King, please listen carefully.
dxfsfnL dxfnIdL dxfk"Hof ;/:jtL .
nLnfjtLz/L/] lx lti7lGt :d dxLkt] Û
t:dfb\ /f1L nf]sdftf ax'legf{dleM :d[tf ..@#..
2.23 O King, Mahakali, the Goddess of power, Mahalakshmi, the Goddess of
wealth and the most venerable Sarasvati, the Goddess of learning -- all resided in
the body of Queen Lilavati. That was the reason for so many names of the queen
who was like the Mother of all her people.
/fd;fx;efofGt' b]Jo'kl:yltsf/0fft\ .
k|fKg'jg\ ;snf nf]sf Gofo+ lrQk|xif{sd\ ..@$..
/fd;fx;ef nf]s}M :d[tf b]j;e]lt x .
tqf;g\ b]jb]jf+zfM ;GtM l;4fZr ;fwjM ..@%..
o] ;GtM ;fwjM l;4f e[z+ Gofok|jw{sfM .
Gofof]˜e"t\ :jfy{/lxt:tfb[zf+ ;d'kl:yt]M ..@^..
2.24-26 Because of the presence of the Goddesses in the court of King Rama
Shaha, the people enjoyed JUSTICE that was satisfying to all of them. The
people regarded King Rama Shaha's court as the "court of heaven." The court had
people with divine elements, saints, sages and renouncers. Because of the
presence of such people it was easy to make JUSTICE completely selfless. The
divine elements, sages and renouncers had no personal interests of their own, so
they promoted JUSTICE only in the purest form.
k/+ g /f1L+ /fhf˜lk hfgLt] zlSt¿lk0fLd \ .
;fIff2]jL+ /fhu[x] j;GtL+ k/d]Zj/Ld\ ..@&..
s]jn+ nId0ff] yfkf h1f} l;l4an]g ;M .
uf]/Ifgfys[kof o]g l;l4M ;dfutf ..@*..
2.27-28 However, the King himself did not know that the Queen was indeed the
Goddess of Power residing in the royal palace. Only Laksmana (Lakhan) Thapa
Magar knew the truth about it since he was a Siddha (an accomplished soul) who
had been empowered by Gorakshanatha.
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL uf]/vf/If0f] /tf .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o dgMk'qLlt lj>'tf ..@(..
u'?uf]{/vgfyZr uf]/Iffj|ltg+ g[kd\ .
lzIfog\ Gofosfo{] lx /Iflt :d k|hfM ;'vd\ ..#)..
2.29-30 Goddess Mahakali, who protected Gorkha, was widely believed by the
people to be the spiritual daughter of Guru Gorakshanatha. So the Guru (teacher)
also protected the people as he advised the king on how to dispense JUSTICE --
the king who was vowed to protect the earth and the cow.
/fhf]jfr
sf]˜o+ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkf˜;Lb \ /fhjNneM .
sy+ r t]g ;+l;l4M k|fKtf s:dft\ dxfu'/f]M ..#!..
The King said:
2.31 Who was this Siddha (accomplished) Lakshmana Thapa who was so dear to
the King? How did he achieve such power, and from whom did he get it?
u'??jfr
cf;Lt\ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfj+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfk]lt ljVoftf] b]jLeStf] hglk|oM ..#@..
The Teacher said:
2.32 The Siddha named Lakshmana, a Magar born in the Thapa family, was a
great sage. He was known to the people as Lakhan Thapa. He was a great devotee
of Goddess Durga, and he was also very much liked by the people.
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o s[kof l;l4dfKtjfg\ .
1fglj1fgjfg\ ljåfg\ ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..##..
2.33 Lakhan Thapa had obtained Siddhi (special power) by the grace of Lord
Gorakshanath. He was knowledgeable in physical and spiritual sciences, and he
was also well-respected by all the people.
Nxfof]j+Zof] nvGyfkf /fd;fx;xfosM .
du/f] /fd/fHo]˜e"t\ nId0ff] /fdeStsM ..#$..
2.34 Lakahan (Lakshmana) Thapa born in the Lhayo family of the Magars, was
such an assistant to King Rama Shaha that he was like the incarnation of
Laksmana who was a great devotee of Lord Rama in Ramarajya (the ideal
kingdom).
/f1L ;Ltf;df b]jL nId0f+ /fd;]jsd\ .
k|LTof :jeSt+ hfgLt] l;l4o'St+ ;'dlGq0fd\ ..#%..
2.35 The Queen was like Sita who regarded Lakhan Thapa like Lakshmana, the
brother and devotee of Lord Rama, as the best minister and her best devotee.
jL/f Gofolk|ofM >]i7f uf]/vfjfl;gf] hgfM .
OGy+ ;'v]g lbj;fg\ ofkolGt lg/fkbM ..#^..
2.36 Thus, the best people of Gorkha, who valued JUSTICE very highly, lived
happily and passed their days without any trouble in their life.
g tqf;Lg\ dxfdf/L b'le{If+ g}j r >'td\ .
:jwd{] lgotf nf]sf /f1f ;+/lIftfM ;bf ..#&..
2.37 There was never an epidemic in Gorkha. Famine was never heard of. The
king would always protect the people who abided by their own duties.
k/+ sfn]g lsotf /fd;fxf] dxLkltM .
:juf{/f]x0fdfrqm] /f1L tdg'ufldgL ..#*..
2.38 However, King Rama Shaha passed away after some time. The Queen also
followed the King as a Sati (who burned herself in the funeral pyre of her
husband).
wdf{jTofM sd{bfofM ;+ud] If]q;Qd] .
/fd;fx:o b]x:o lrtflUgbxg+ s[td\ ..#(..
2.39 The body of King Rama Shaha was cremated at the confluence of the two
sacred rivers, Marsyangdi and Daraundi.
k|ljzGtL+ lrtfof+ tf+ :jb]xHjngf]Btfd\ .
/f1L+ nLnfjtL+ b[i6\jf nId0ff] JonkQbf ..$)..
b]JofZ5fof+ ljgf ;j{] Xogfyf uf]/vfhgfM .
eljiofdf] dft[xLgf j/fsf afnsf Oj ..$!..
2.40-41 Seeing the Queen ready to burn herself with the dead body of the King in
the funeral pyre, Lakshmana (Lakhan) Thapa wept. He said, "Without the
protecting umbrella of the Great Queen, all of us, the people of Gorkha will be
like orphans without mother.
ljnkGt+ nvGyfkf+ b[i6\jf ;f eStjT;nf .
hufb]Ty+ dxfeSt+ l;4+ t+ ;+lztj|td\ ..$@..
yfkf, df ?lblx Tj+ t' eStf]˜l; dd jT;nM ..
k|fb'e"{tf eljiofld gfltb"/] u[xft\ tj ..$#..
2.42-43 Seeing Lakhan Thapa weep, the Queen who loved him as her devotee,
said, "O My dear Lakshmana, do not cry. I know you are my devotee. I love you.
So out of my love for you, I will appear near your house very soon."
OTo'STjf tTIf0f] b]Jof :jb]xbxg+ s[td\ .
u[x+ oftf] nvGyfkf b]jLeStf] dxfd'lgM ..$$..
2.44 Having said so, the Queen quickly burnt herself in the funeral pyre. The
great devotee of the Queen, Lakhan Thapa returned home.
lsoTsfn]g tb\u|fd] s]gf˜lk xnsif{0fd \ .
s[t+ tq}j ;Ltfofdj?4+ xn+ Xoe"t\ ..$%..
k|:t/] rfj?4+ tb\ obf lgisflzt+ xnd\ .
tbf k|:t/dWofQ' ;';|fj ?lw/+ ax' ..$^..
b]JofM k|sl6t+ ¿k+ lj1fo nId0ff] d'lgM .
;j{]iff+ k|fKo ;fxføo+ lg/dfb\ dlGb/+ If0fft\ ..$&..
ttf] dgMsfdgf ;f eStfgf+ sfdbf˜ejt \ ..$*..
2.45-48 After some time, someone was plowing his land in the village of
LakhanThapa. The plow got stuck on a rock. When the tiller of the land pulled
the plow, he saw blood flowing from the rock. Lakhan Thapa knew that it was the
promise of the Goddess fulfilled. He asked everybody for help, and he built a
rough structure of the temple right then and there. The Goddess, since she
fulfilled the wish of the devotees, was then known as Manakamana (the Wish-
Fulfilling Goddess).
cy eStf] dxft]hf nvGyfkf:t' ;]jsM .
; dgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hsf]˜e"t \ :jo+ a'wM ..$(..
2.49 Then the great devotee and servant of the Queen, the great and wise Lakhan
Thapa became the first worshipper (the priest) at the temple.
/fhf]jfr
k/+ dof >'t+ k"j+{ ob\ eStf] nId0fM ;'wLM .
b]jL+ k|fk"hot\ l;4M :jLo] u|fd] ;b}j lx ..%)..
The King said
2.50 But I had heard that Lakhan Thapa had been worshipping the Goddess of
power in his village for a long time.
u'??jfr
oR5«'t+ ejtf /fhg\ ;To+ tT;j{d]j lx .
b]JofM k"hf+ ;b}jf;fjs/f]NnId0fM ;'wLM ..%!..
k"j{+ lx dWos"6:yf dxfsfnL hufb td\ .
;fxj+z:o /fhf :ofb|fi6«}sLs/0ff]BtM ..%@..
t:o ;fkmNo;Dk|fKTo} b]jLdf/fwo lk|o .
:ju|fd] TjQkMk"t] sˆofs] z'egfds] ..%#..
Tjbf/fwg;Gt'i6f ;j{zlSt:j¿lk0fL .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL t:d} l;l4+ k|bf:olt ..%$..
>'Tjf tb\ jrg+ b]Jof d'vfbd[t;+o'td\ .
cfuTo nId0f:yfkf k"hf+ b]JofZrsf/ r ..%%..
k|Tox+ elStefjfStM l;4M ; du/f] d'lgM .
k"hf+ b]Jof lx k|LToy{ s/f]lt :d tbf1of ..%^..
The Teacher said :
2.51-56 O King, whatever you have heard is really true. The wise scholar Lakhan
Thapa worshipped the Goddess from early on. The Goddess Mahakali in
Majhakot (Gorkha palace) had told Lakhan Thapa that a king of Gorkha would
one day try to unify a nation state. So she had asked him to worship the Goddess
in his village called Kaphyak (now called Manakamana) so that the king would
be blessed by the Goddess for success. Having heard such a wonderful instruction
from the Goddess, Lakhan Thapa, the great sage, had begun to worship the
Goddess regularly. So, as instructed by the Goddess, Lakhan Thapa, who was full
of devotion to the Goddess, worshipped her every day.
ck"hob\ oq b]jL+ eStf]˜;f} nId0ff] d'lgM .
lznf+ b]jL:j¿kf+ tf+ tq}jf:yfkot\ l:y/fd\ ..%&..
2.57 So Lakhan Thapa installed the image of Goddess Manakamana where he
had been worshipping the Goddess before.
dGqljb\ ljlwljb\ lj1M l;4f] 1fgL k|;Ggx[t\ .
nvGyfkf ;'lj1ftM ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..%*..
cfhLjg+ dxfb]JofM k"hf+ s[Tjf z'lrj|tM .
lgZrqmfd ; jfw{So] tLyf{6gdltd{'lgM ..%(..
sfzLk|ofus]bf//fd]zab/LZj/fM .
b[i6fM ;j{] dxfkL7f nId0f]g tkl:jgf ..^)..
Olt tLyf{lg ;jf{l0f e|ldTjf nId0fM ;'wLM .
k'gM :ju|fddfuTo :jb]x+ lj;;h{ r ..^!..
2.58-61 The sage Lakhan Thapa, who was well-known and well-respected by all,
knew all the mantras and methods of worshipping the Goddess, worshipped her
for a long time, and, in his old age, went out on pilgrimage. He went to all the
great pilgrimage sites such as Kasi (Banaras), Prayaga (Allahbad), Kedaranatha,
Badrisha, Rameshwaram etc. At the end of his pilgrimage, Lakhan Thapa came
back to his own home village and passed away.
o] dgM sfdgfb]Jof elSto'Stf:t' dfgjfM .
k"0ff{lenliftf:t] :o' gf{q sfof{ ljrf/0ff ..^@..
2.62 The people who are devotees of Manakamana will have their wish fulfilled.
There is no doubt about it.
Psflk nf]sfle?rfjg]sf:tg"M :jeStfg';[tf w/GtL .
nLnfjtL nId0f;+l>tf ;f d"Tof{ dgMsfdgof˜jtfb \ gM ..^#..
2.63 Although the Goddess is one, she appears in many forms according to the
comprehending capacity of her devotees. The Goddess assumed the form of
Queen Lilavati protecting Lakshmana Thapa for some time, and then the form of
Manakamana later on. May such a great Goddess Manakamana protect us all.
uf]/Ifgfyfb'knAwl;l4 nL{nfjtLjT;ntfdxl4{M .
hulGgoGqLldx g]boGgf]˜g'u|fxsf] nId0f cfb[tf]˜:t' ..^$..
2.66 May Lakhan Thapa be always respected -- the sage who received Siddhi (all
kinds of astral powers) from Gorakshanatha, affection from Queen Lilavati --
because he brought the Goddess to us, the Goddess who maintains the order of
the universe by her power.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgf]TklQgf{d låtLof]˜WofoM ..@..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy t[tLof]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgf t:of pTklQljifo] >'td\ .
u'?jo{ k'gM >f]t'dLx] dlGb/j0f{gd\ ..!..
eujTofM ;'Gb/+ tb\ dlGb/+ s]g lgld{td\ .
dlGb/] b]jtfM sfZr lti7lGt b]Jo'kl:ytfM ..@..
;j{+ ;lj:t/+ >f]t'd'Tsdl:t dgf] dd .
s[kof ef] låh>]i7 Û jSt'dx{l; ;Dk|lt ..#..
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER THREE
The King said:
3.1-3 I heard the story of the origin of Manakamana. Now, O my revered teacher,
I want to know about the temple itself. Who built the beautiful temple of the
Goddess that stands there today? Which gods and Goddesses reside in the temple
together with the Goddess? My mind is curious to know all about it in details. So,
O best Brahmana, please tell me all about it.
u'??jfr
k"j{d]j dof k|f]St+ /fd;fxdxLkt]M .
/f1L nLnfjtL ;fIffb\ b]jL of˜Ktf ;tLultd\ ..$..
k|fb'e"{tf k'gM ;}j e"Tjf sfdk|bf˜q lx .
sf/0f+ >"dtf+ o]g tq b]jL ;d'b\utf ..%..
The Teacher said:
3.4-5 As I said before, Queen Lilavati of King Rama Shaha was indeed the
Goddess of power, and she followed the king when he passed away. The same
Queen reappeared as Goddess Manakamana at that place. O king, please listen to
the reason for which the Goddess appeared at that place.
k|lt/fq+ ;d'Tyfo lgzLy] zogft\ ;tL .
/f1L lgu{To k|f;fbfbfsfz] tq lti7lt ..^..
oq b]j;ef t:of clk dWo] lj/fht] .
Olt k|fUnId0ff]Stf]˜lk JowflTsl~rGg e"kltM .
nAWjf k|;fb+ b]JofM ; k|zfl:t :d k|hf d'bf ..&..
3.6-7 The queen used to get up from bed at midnight and go up into the sky. She
thus went up and sat in the middle of the assembly of gods. Lakshmana Thapa
had told the king about this out the king did not do anything about it. Rather,
blessed by the Goddess and pleased with her, he ruled over his good people.
Psbf /fd;fxf]˜;f} nId0f:o u[x+ oof} .
/f1L r k|oof} tq t]g e"kltgf ;x ..*..
sˆofsgfds] u|fd] Nxfof]j+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfkf lti7lt :d /fd;fx;xfosM ..(..
lgzLlyGof+ oyfk"j{+ /f1L tqf˜Kob[Zot .
tb]o]if g[kf] 1ft'+ tb|x:o+ k|oTgtM ..!)..
/f1L eujtL¿kf b[i6f lgh{/;+;lb .
ttf] d'bf dxLkfn:t"i0fLsM zlot+' oof} ..!!..
3.9 - 11 One day, King Rama Shaha went to the house of Lakhan Thapa. The
Queen also went along with the king. The great sage Lakhan Thapa, born into the
Lhayo family, lived in the village called Kaphyak. The Queen disappeared at
midnight there also as usual. Then the King tried to understand the mystery of
such a phenomenon. The Queen appeared there as the Goddess in the assembly of
the gods in the sky. When the King saw the Queen there, he felt happy and went
to bed.
k|ftj{Gbgsdf{y{+ /f1L /fhfgdfutf .
/fhf t' jlGbt'+ kfbf} b]Jo} gfbft\ k|zlÍtM ..!@..
ca|jLb\ e"kltb]{jL+ oQb|fqf} bbz{ ;M .
tR5|'Tjf jrg+ b]jL e"kd"r] ;'b'Mlvtf ..!#..
3.12-13 The next morning when the Queen went to greet the King by touching his
feet, the king did not let her do so as he knew who she was. Rather, he told the
Queen what he had seen at night. Hearing that, the Queen became very sad, and
she spoke to the king.
b]Jo'jfr
olb ljZjf;xLgf] df+ gfb|IoM ;'/;+;lb .
celjioZrqmjtL{ k/+ tGg lx ;Dej]t\ ..!$..
Tjb\j+zhf] lx /fHo:o lj:tf/f]˜:o sl/iolt .
s]jn+ lx ;'/fh]lt ljVoft:Tj+ eljiol; ..!%..
The Queen said:
3.14-15 "If you had not suspected anything and if you had not watched me in the
assembly of gods, you could have become a great emperor on earth. But that is
not possible now. Someone in your dynasty will expand this kingdom. You will
only be known as a good king.
u'??jfr
Olt Jofx[To ;f b]jL tq}jfGt/wLot .
>'Tjf eujtLjf0fL+ JoifLbb\ e"l/ e"kltM ..!^..
cb\e'tf 36gf Xo]iff 3l6tf tq k|fË0f] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM dlGb/+ oq ljBt] ..!&..
ttM k|fs6Ødfoftf lznf¿k]0f rflDasf .
;f lznf dWoefu]˜B dlGb/:ofl:t k"lhtf ..!*..
3.16-18 Having said so, the Goddess disappeared right there. Hearing such words
from the mouth of the Goddess, the King felt sorry. That wonderful event took
place right there where the temple of Goddess Manakamana is today. Right there
appeared the Goddess in the form of a rock. Those rocks at the center of the
temple have been worshipped by the devotees ever since then until today.
dlGb/+ /fd;fx:o /fHosfn] ljlgld{td\ .
;+:sfl/t+ r tTk'q/fHosfn] tyf k'gM ..!(..
3.19 The first rough structure of the temple was built there during the reign of
King Rama Shaha. It was renovated during the reign of his son as well. It was
renovated again later on.
b|JofTdhf] dof]Stf] oM k"0f{;fxM k'/Gb/M .
tTk'qZ5q;fxf]˜e"HHo]i7f]˜Nkfo'lb{j+utM ..@).
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fdt'Nof] g[kf]˜ejt \ .
t:o k'qf] 8Da/f]˜lk of]UoM k'qf] aef} lkt'M ..@!..
tTk'qM s[i0f;fxf]˜e"b \ ?b|:tTk'q Pj r .
k[YjLklt/e"b|fhf wfld{sf] nf]sk"lhtM ..@@..
t]g :jzf;g] /f1f b]Jof dlGb/d'Qdd\ .
s[t+ dgMsfdgfofM k|LTo} tq ;'zf]egd\ ..@#..
3.20-23 As I said before, the son of Dravya Shaha was Purandara Shaha. His
older son was Chatra Shaha who did not live long. The younger son Rama Shaha
was like King Rama. His son Dambara Shaha was a worthy son of his father. His
son was Krishna Shaha. His son was Rudra Shaha. His son Prithivipati Shaha was
a highly religious person and highly respected by the people. He built a beautiful
temple there for the satisfaction of Goddess Manakamana during his reign.
obB dlGb/+ rfl:t t:o}j d"nlju|xM .
k[YjLkltlIftLz]g lgld{tf]˜e"b \ dxfTdgf ..@$..
3.24 The temple that stands today was first built in that form by King Prithvipati
Shaha who had a great heart.
lgld{ltj{t{dfg:o dlGb/:o tbf˜ejt \ .
e"of] e"of] dxLkfn}M ;+:s[t+ r :jzf;g] ..@%..
;f dgMsfdgfb]jL >4o}j+ ;dlr{tf .
Ptfb[zL /If0fLof ejtf˜lk k/Dk/f ..@^..
3.25-26 The present temple was built by Prithvipati Shaha. But all the succeeding
kings continued to improve and embellish the temple during their reigns. Thus is
the Goddess worshipped and venerated. O King, you must also preserve this
tradition.
sf b]jtf:tq j;lGt dlGb/]
b]Jof dgMsfdgof ;x}j ofM .
gfdflg tf;f+ dlxdfgdr{g]
tyf k|;fb:o r j0f{g+ z[0f' ..@&..
3.27 O King, please listen, I am going to tell you about the other gods and
Goddesses who reside with Manakamana inside the temple. Listen to me telling
their names. Please listen to me as I am going to tell you also about the worship
and the special offerings that are made there.
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL ;b}j l;+xjflxgL .
obf tq l:ytf /fhg\ eStfgf+ sfdbf˜ejt \ ..@*..
tbf b]jfZr lglvnf:tqfuTo k|t'i6'j'M .
dft/+ tf+ hu4fqL+ nf]sqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..@(..
3.28-29 O King, when Manakamana, the wish fulfilling Goddess, riding a lion,
settled in that temple, the other gods and Goddesses also arrived there, settled
together with her, and began to pray to her.
u0f]zM k|yd+ k|fKo l:ytf] d"ifsjfxgM .
dft'/Í] oyf afnM k'ql:ti7lt ;j{bf ..#)..
tqf˜˜oof} s'df/L r x+;s'Ss'/jflxgL .
sflGtk'of+{ hg}of{˜˜:t] k"lhtf ax'leM ;bf ..#!..
;jfxgM ;dfuTo Zj]te}/j pQdM .
t:of eSt Oj l:yTjf eSt/Iff+ s/f]lt r ..#@..
3.30-32 First of all, Ganesha, with his mount the mouse, arrived and sat down
next to the Mother Goddess, just as a baby sits in the lap of his mother. Kumari,
the Goddess who is worshipped by the people of Kathmandu, went there with her
mounts the duck and the dog. The white Bhairava also went there as a devotee,
together with his mounts, and has been protecting his devotees as well.
b]Jof cu|] If]ds/L of]lugL eStjT;nf .
kZrflT:ytf elSto'Stf j]tfnf ci6dft[sfM ..##..
Olt b]ju0ffM ;j{] tqfuTo ;;+e|dd\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/] ;+l:ytf d'bf ..#$..
3.33-34 Yogini, who loves her devotees, went there and sat in front of Goddess
Manakamana . On her back are the Vetalas and eight Mother Goddesses. O King,
the gods and Goddesses have thus settled there in the Manakamana temple.
cBflk ;Hhgf:tq uR5lGt k"hgfo o] .
;jf{;f+ b]jtfgf+ lx bz{g+ k|fKg'jlGt t] ..#%..
3.35 So, even today, the devotees who go there to worship Manakamana will
actually pay respect to all the other gods and Goddesses.
o] eStf elSt;DkGgf eujTofM k|k"hsfM .
t]iff+ g /f]uf bfl/b|Ø+ g}j b'Mv+ sbfrg ..#^..
3.36 The devotees who worship Goddess Manakamana with devotion will never
have to suffer disease, poverty or any kind of trouble.
of] dgMsfdgfb]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
u'Xofb\ u'Xot/+ k'0o+ b]jfgfdlk b'Nn{ed\ .
z[0f'ofb\ jf k7]b\ eSTof ; ne]t\ k/d+ ;'vd\ ..#&..
3.37 This glorious story of Manakamana is a most guarded secret and the purest
object one can ever imagine. So much so that it is very hard even for the gods to
obtain it. One who reads or listens to it, will, therefore, achieve the ultimate bliss.
sGofyL{ net] sGof+ j/+ j/fly{gL ne]t\ .
k'qfyL{ net] k'q+ wgfyL{ net] wgd\ ..#*.
3.38 If a young man is seeking a bride, he will find a good bride. If a young girl is
seeking a groom, she will find a good young man. The seeker of a son will have a
son. The seekers of wealth will achieve wealth.
nf]s}?bLl/t+ r}tR5«"ot] elStefjg}M .
Psd]j j/+ ofr]Hhgf] eStM :jhLjg] .
t+ j/+ k|fy{gfk|Ltf dftf k"/olt w|'jd\ ..#(..
3.39 It is heard from the people devoted to Manakamana that if one desires only
one wish to be fulfilled, the Goddess will definitely fulfill it.
;+:yfkgfsflns/fd;fx+
l//lIfif"g\ dlGb/d:o j+Zofg\ .
k[YjLklt+ tb\ b|9oGtd]j–
dfbz{e"k+ ;tt+ :d/fd ..$)..
3.40 So, O devoted people, may we always remember King Rama Shaha, during
whose reign the Goddess first appeared there. May we also always remember his
descendants who protected the shrine. May we also remember King Prithivipati
Shaha who built the first structure of the modern temple.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{g+
gfd t[tLof]˜WofoM ..#..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy rt'yf{{]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
nvGyfkf dxfl;4:tLyf{6g;d'T;'sM .
lgZrqmfd]lt ;+1ftf] ejb\j0f{gsf/0fft\ ..!..
k/+ s'q utM l;4M slt jiff{l0f rf˜e|dt \ .
dlGb/] r sbf˜˜oftM k"hfy +{ ; dxfd'lgM ..@..
cfuTo slt jiff{l0f nId0f]g s[tfr{gf <
tLyf{6glgj[Q]g ls+ s[t+ t]g of]lugf < ..#..
PtRr >"tt]˜Bflk :ju|fd+ k|fKo ;Gd'lg M .
Psl:dg\ uXj/] uTjf tq}jfGt/wLot ..$..
Olt ;To+ g jf ls+ tb\ u'?jof{lew]lx dfd\ .
ejtf]Stf+ syf+ >¦Tjf k'g/Lx] ttM k/d\ ..%..
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER FOUR
The King said:
4.1-5 I know from you that Lakhan Thapa, desirous of pilgrimage, went out from
home as you have already told me about it. But then, where did he go? How many
years did he go on pilgrimage? When did he return, and how many years did he
worship the Goddess after his return? What did the sage do after he came back
from his pilgrimage?
Even today, we hear from the people that the great Yogi arrived back in his
village, but disappeared in a cave instead of going back home. Is that true or not?
O my venerated teacher, please tell me that. After hearing the story told by you, I
am anxious to know more about it.
u'??jfr
t]g åfbzjiff{l0f tLy{]if' e|d0f+ s[td\ .
yfkfj+Zo]g l;4]g nId0f]g dxlif{0ff ..^..
otM d l;l4;DkGgM zlStdfg\ a'l4dfg\ g[k .
jfw{So]˜Kos/f]t \ tLy{ofqfdlk ;'b'is/fd\ ..&..
The Teacher said:
4.6-7 The great sage Lakhan Thapa went on pilgrimage for twelve years. O King,
since he had received Siddhi (special astral powers), he could go on pilgrimage
for twelve years. Because of his special power, he could go on an arduous
pilgrimage for 12 years even in his old age.
ci6l;l4;';DkGgf] nId0ff] elSt;+o'tM .
If0f]g dWos"6:y+ k|f;fbd'klti7t] ..
If0f]g b]JofM k"hfy+{ dlGb/+ rf]klti7t] ..*..
4.8 Lakhan Thapa, endowed with all the eight types of astral power, was so
powerful that he could arrive at Majhkot (the Gorkha palace) in no time. He
would then be back momentarily at the Manakamana temple to worship the
Goddess.
efuL/yL+ gbL+ gfjf t/tLh{g;+xtLM .
dWos"6:yk|f;fbfbkZot\ ; dxfd'lgM ..(..
ctf/ot\ ; :ju[xfb\ uËfof+ klttf~hgfg\ .
;efofd]sbf t:o j:q+ lsl~rT;d'lGbtd\ ..!)..
syd]tlblt k[i6M ;ef;b\leM ; ljl:dt}M .
jftf{dsyot\ l;4:t/Lb'3{6gflTdsfd\ ..!!..
hgfM sltko] t]g :jo+ gBfM ;d'4[tfM .
x:t]g ;bo+ b"/fbtf] j:q+ ;d'lGbtd\ ..!@..
df;fGt/] >'tf jftf{ t/Lb'3{6gflTdsf .
kj{tLof hgfM s]lrt\ tqf˜˜;g\ 36gf:yn] ..!#..
4.9-13 The great sage saw the people on the boat crossing River Ganga right from
the royal palace at Majhkot. He was able to rescue people who dropped in the
Ganga from the boat that flipped. One day his sleeves suddenly became wet at the
royal assembly. The people at the assembly were surprised, and they asked the
reason for the wet clothes. The sage told them about the boat accident in the
Ganga. He was kind enough to rescue several people with his own hands. So his
clothes were wet. There were several pilgrims on the boat, who had gone there
from the mountains of Nepal.
jif{}åf{bzlebL{3{} e|{dGgf;Lt\ ;elStsM .
;snfGolk tLyf{lg nvGyfkf dxfd'lgM ..!$..
4.14 Such a great sage Lakhan Thapa went on pilgrimage to all the sacred places
of India for twelve long years.
j[4f] åfbzjif{]˜lk gfoft Olt lrGtof .
t:o ;GtltleM ;j{}af{Gwj}Zr ;dfs'n}M ..!%..
sl:d+lZrblk tLy{] lx ToStb]xf] ej]lblt .
dTjf t}:t' s[tfM ;jf{M lqmof:t:of}Wj{b]lxsfM ..!^..
4.15-16 The old man did not come home even for twelve years. Thinking about
him, his family members and relatives thought that he must have passed away in
a certain sacred place. So they performed all his funeral rituals.
k/Gt' ; ;dfuR5b]sbf nId0ff] d'lgM .
l;4f] j[4:tkMk"tM :ju|fd+ :jhg}j[{td\ ..
k/+ kl/lrtf] g}j ;f]˜ejb \ ax¦leh{g}M ..!&..
4.17 But one day the old sage, purified by his penance and pilgrimage, came
back to his village that was densely inhabited by his relatives. Many people,
however, did not recognize him.
ls~r t]g >'tf rrf{ u|fddfu{] hg}M s[tf .
nvGyfkf d[t Olt e"of] g}jfuldiolt ..!*..
>[Tj}tfb[Ujr:t]g d'vft\ :ju|fdjfl;gfd\ .
cx+ u[x+ uldiofld g]lt tq}j lglZrtd\ ..!(..
ty}j lgZro+ s[Tjf ; u'xfEoGt/+ utM .
cGtwf{g+ ttM l;4M :jl;l4an;+o'tM ..@)..
4.18-20 Moreover, he overheard the people saying that Lakhan Thapa had died,
and that he would never return to his village. When he heard such words, he
decided not to go home again. So he went into a cave, and he disappeared there
through his Yogic power.
j}zfvd"l0f{dfof+ t' ; l;4f]˜Gt/wLot .
g s]gflk dg'io]0f b[i6M ;f]˜gGt/+ d'lgM ..@!..
ttf]˜e"g\ lglvn}nf]{]s} 1f{tf ……l;4u'xfÚÚ g[k .
;/x:of ttf]˜uDof˜ejt \ ;f k"lhtf u'xf ..@@..
tqfGt/] lx ljj/f} åf} dfuf{ljj ;+l:ytf} .
Psf] uf]/vfgfy:o u'xf+ k|fKgf]lt Xo'Q/] .
k/+ l;4M k'dfg]j tfdjfKt'+ lx zSg'oft\ ..@#..
4.21-23 The great sage had disappeared there on the full-moon day of Vaishakha
(April-June). No one ever saw the sage after that. Then the people began to call it
Siddha gupha (the sage’s cave) or Lakhangupha (cave). That cave is mysterious
and impossible to understand. People worship there. There are two holes leading
to two separate paths. One of the paths is believed to lead to Gorakshanatha cave
in Majhkot (Gorkha). However, only a Siddha (accomplished person like Lakhan
Thapa) can travel through it.
t:of+ u'xfof+ kltt+ kmn+ lsl~rblk b|'td\ .
uf]/IfuXj/] k|fKt+ ejtLlt hg>'ltM ..@$..
tyf lsl~rblgi6+ t' olb b]z] kltiolt .
uf]/vfsflnsf/St+ u'xfof+ b[Zot] hg}M ..@%..
4.24-25 It is believed by the people that a fruit dropped into that cave quickly
reaches the Gorakshanatha cave. Likewise, if any calamity is likely to fall on the
nation, the blood flowing from Gorkha Kalika appears in that cave.
s'nb]j+ k"holGt Nxfof]j+Zof:t' tq lx .
nvGyfkfj+zhftf j}zfvk"l0f{dflbg] ..@^..
Psbf g ;dfgLtM k"hfy{dlUg/]j t}M .
ls+ st{Joldlt If'Aw}:t}M k[i6+ t' k/:k/d\..@&..
tb}s]gf]StldTy+ ob\ nvGyfkf tkf]˜s/f]t \ .
oBq r]QbflUg:t' nEof] lgZrk|r+ ej]t\ ..@*..
OTo'STj}s]g e"df} lx lsl~rb'Tvlgt+ tbf .
k|fKtf]˜lUg:tq ;fZro{+ e:du"9M ;'/lIftM ..@(..
tl:dGgUgf} s[t+ ;j{+ xjgflbsd'Qdd\ .
Olt t] s[ts[Tof lx hftf nId0fj+zhfM ..#)..
4.26-30 The Magars of the Lhayo family, descendants of Lakhan Thapa, worship
their family god at the cave. Once they forgot to bring fire for the ritual. Then
they were shocked and asked each other what to do. One of them said, "If Lakhan
Thapa had practiced penance here, then we should be able to find the fire right
here." Having said so, one of them dug the ground just a little. Surprisingly, there
was fire covered by a layer of ash. So they performed all the sacrificial rituals
with that fire. Thus, the descendants of Lakhan Thapa felt that their duties were
fulfilled.
nvGyfkf u'xf oq ttM ;f}Gbo{zflngL .
lxdfnoflblzv/}M zf]letf b[Zot] dxL ..#!..
4.31 The place where the Lakhan Thapa cave is located has a very grand view of
the Himalayan mountain range.
uf]/vfdWos"6:yf u'xf of nf]sk"lhtf .
u'/f]uf{]/vgfy:o tkf]e"ldl/lt :d[tf ..#@..
4.32 The Gorakshanatha cave that is located and seen at Gorkha Majhkot is
worshipped by the people as a sacred place since it is believed to be the site of
penance of Lord Gorakshanatha.
kZo l;4u'xftM >Luf]/vfsflnsf+ lzjfd\ .
tq}j /fhk|f;fbf] b[Zot] ;'dgf]x/M ..##..
4.33 Goddess Gorkha Kalika, doing all the good for the world, is seen from there.
Look. The beautiful royal palace is also seen from there.
PtTkljq+ ;'dgf]x/+ :yn+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f rlr{td\ .
of] dfgjf] uR5lt >4oflGjtM
k|fKgf]To;f} l;4z'eflzif+ s[tL ..#$..
4.34 That most sacred and beautiful place was used by sage Lakhan Thapa
Magar. A man or woman who visits that place with respect will be blessed by the
Great Sage.
pRr}M l:yt}/fTdank|k"l/t}
h{g}o'{t+ /fi6«ldb+ a[xTsyd\ .
ej]lblt k|:km'l6tf˜q efjgf
uf]/Ifb]z:o dxLkt]x{[lb ..#%..
4.35 It was at this place that the King of Gorkha (Prithvinarayan Shaha)
wondered how his kingdom of Gorkha, inhabited by mountain people full of self-
respect and strength, would be much greater than what it was.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] nvGyfkftLyf{6g
l;4u'xfj0f{g+ gfd rt'yf{]˜WofoM ..$..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k~rdf]˜WofoM .
/fhf]jfr
b]JofZrl/tdfs0o{ e"of]˜lk >f]t'd'T;'sM .
sLb[z+ rl/t+ b]Jof:tT;j{+ jb d] u'/f] Û ..!..
ls+ k|bf:olt eSt]EoM sfdbf eStjT;nf .
OTo]tT;j{dfVoft'+ Tjdx{l; ljbf+ j/ .
tbfs0o{}j d] zfGt+ eljiolt u'/f] dgM ..@..
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER FIVE
The King said:
5.1-2 Having heard from you so much about Goddess Manakamana, I am curious
to know more about her. O Teacher, please tell me more about the Goddess. What
does the Goddess give to her devotees? You are the most knowledgeable among
those who know. Please tell me all about it. Only after hearing all about it from
you shall my mind be at rest.
u'??jfr
;j{d]tb\ huT;[i6+ oof˜BfzlSt¿kof .
t:of eSTof hg}nf]{]s] olTsl~rblk nEot] ..#..
ob\ ob\ eSt}o{yfelSt k|fKt+ k"j+{ dxLkt] .
tlTsl~rR5«"otfdB ;+If]k]0f a|jLDoxd\ ..$..
The Teacher said:
5.3-4 One can achieve everything if one is truly devoted to the primeval Goddess
of power who created the universe. O King, please listen to me as I tell you what
the devotees have achieved so far according to their devotion. I will give you a
brief account of it.
o] oyf df+ k|kBGt] tf+:ty}j ehfDoxd\ .
Olt s[i0f]g ;Dk|f]St+ k'/f eujtf oyf ..%..
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL tyf sfdk|bf g[k Û
o] oyf tf+ k|kBGt] huTqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..
tGdgMsfdgfb]Jof eSTof˜;fWo+ g ls~rg ..^..
5.5-6 You know what Lord Krishna had said long ago, i.e., the god or goddess is
available to the devotee according to the level or quality of devotion. Just in the
same manner, you should understand that the Goddess, doing all the good for
creation, will give whatever people wish according to their devotion to her. There
is really nothing that is not possible with the grace of Goddess Manakamana.
/fd;fxf] dxfGofoL /fhf˜e"t \ nf]sjT;nM ..
//If s[kof b]jL t+ e"k+ tTk|hfZr ;f ..&..
k[YjLkltd{xLkfnM ;fxj+z;d'b\ejM .
b]jLdlGb/lgdf{tf ;j{nf]s}M k|k"lhtM ..*..
5.7-8 King Rama Shaha, for example, became a very just and loving king. The
Goddess protected the king as well as his subjects. Likewise, King Prithvipati
Shaha also became very popular among his subjects as he expressed his deep
devotion to the Goddess by constructing the original structure of the present day
temple.
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]kdM .
t]g Joj:yf k"hfy+{ dxtL ljlxtf lsn ..(..
gef]g]qfi6e";+Vo] -!*@)_ j}qmdfAb] dxLe'hf .
b]Jo} ;dlk{tf t]g a|Llxd"/LztåoL ..!)..
tb'Tkfbgkof{Kt+ hn3df{g's"lntd\ .
z]/fVod'j{/+ If]q+ jqmfËu|fd;+l:ytd\ ..!!..
;dlk{t+ t]g /f1f nf]sk"Ho]g wLdtf .
cIftf–w"k–bLkflb–g}j]Bfy{ ;elStsd\ ..!@..
5fuf åfbz dlxifZr}sf]˜e"t \ k|ltxfogd\ .
rt'df{0fldt+ wfGo+ skf]t]EoZr k|Toxd\ .
Piff Joj:yf e"k]g sfl/tf˜˜;Lb \ dxfTdgf ..!#..
5.9-13 King Prithvinarayan Shaha was like Narayana (Lord Visnu) born on earth.
He made a truly great arrangement as he established a large endowment for the
worship of Goddess Manakamana. Around 1763, the Great King, most respected
by the people, offered a good piece of land called Shera that yielded about 2 tons
of rice in a village called Bakrang. With its income the needs of the temple for the
worship of Goddess Manakamana such as rice, incense, lamp, oil, food and other
things are met. It also provides for a sacrificial goat every month, a sacrificial
male buffalo once a year, and 4 kilos of rice for the pigeons every day. Such was
the provision made by the king with a great soul.
tGdgM sfdgfb]JofM s[kof k'0osd{0ff
t]g e"kltgf /fi6«lj:tf/f] ljlxt:tbf ..!$..
>LdgMsfdgfdft'M k"hfy{+ e"o Pj ;M
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] wfGod"l/sfi6zt+ bbf} ..!%..
5.14-15 When King Prithvinarayan Shaha (1721-1775) conquered the Kathmandu
Valley kingdoms and other principalities east of Kathmandu, thus successfully
laying the foundation for modern Nepal, he offered some 8 tons of rice as a one-
time offering.
b]JofM k|;fbtf] /f1f /fi6«d]sLs[t+ b[9d\ .
b]Jof Pj k|;fbfRr /fi6«+ ;+/lIft+ ;bf ..!^..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fi6«ldlt >'td\ .
PtGdgMsfdgfofM k|;fbfb]j ;Dejd\ ..!&..
k[YjLgf/fo0fM ;fxf] b]Jof eStf] dxfg\ g[kM
b]jLk|;fbftM sfo{+ sl7g~rflk ;f]˜s/f]t \ ..!*..
5.16-18 We believe that King Prithvinarayan Shaha successfully brought the
warring principalities under his control and unified them, and that modern Nepal
has been a well-protected kingdom by the grace of Goddess Manakamana. Nepal
is also known as the only Hindu kingdom in the world. All of this has been
possible only by the grace of Goddess Manakamana. Prithvinarayan Shaha
became a great King because he was a great devotee of the Goddess
Manakamana. It was because of the grace of the Goddess that he was successful
in his endeavor for the unification of this country.
eSTofTo'Ts6of o'Stf g/f cBflk lgZrod\ .
l;l4+ neGt] du/f] nvGyfkf oyf k'/f ..!(..
5.19 If a person has a great devotion to the Goddess, he can achieve Siddhi (all
kinds of astral power) as did Lakhan Thapa Magar.
Ptr\ 5'«t+ hg}M k"j+{ ob]sf] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
s[Tjf dft'M :t'lt+ ;Bf] elSto'St]g r]t;f ..@)..
l;l4+ nAWjf nvGyfkfu'xfofdfljj]z x .
ttM kmnflg rfbfo eSt]EoM k|bbf} d'bf ..@!..
5.20-21 People have heard that a pure Brahmana had prayed to Goddess
Manakamana with great devotion and had obtained Siddhi (all kinds of astral
power). He then entered into the Lakhan Thapa cave and brought back fruits from
there, and gave them to the devotees.
k/+ b'/fzf b'isfdf neGt] b08d]j r .
ctf] j/+ ;d'lrt+ z'ed]j lx sfdo]t\ ..@@..
Ps]g uf]/vfb]z] b'le{If+ k|fly{t+ k'/f .
:ju[x:y+ obGg+ d] dxf3{+ tb\ ej]lblt ..@#..
Olt :jfy{k|]l/t]g nf]eflji6]g r]t;f .
k"hf r ljlxtf dft'?krf/}:t' k~rleM ..@$..
k/+ dftf˜ejTq'm4f tfb[z] j/ofrs] .
;wfGo+ tb\u[x+ ;Bf] bUwdfsl:dsflUggf ..@%..
kZrfQfkft\ ; tf+ b]jL+ k|fy{ofdf; elSttM .
kfbof]/ktGdft'M Ifdfofrgof ttM ..@^..
5.22-26 However, if someone wants an evil wish to be fulfilled, he will instead be
punished by the Mother Goddess. So one must have only a good, positive wish.
Long ago, a wealthy man in Gorkha wished for famine in the kingdom so that his
spare grains would be sold at a much higher price. Motivated by such a selfish
and evil desire, he worshipped Mother Manakamana with all five types of
provisions. However, the Mother Goddess was angry with him. The man's house,
with all his grains, was gutted by fire even before he arrived back home from the
temple. Later, he returned to the temple and prayed to the Mother to forgive him.
He asked her to forgive him for the offense that he had committed because of his
evil mind.
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM z[0f' ?Rof+ s[kfsyfd\ .
cf;Lb]sf] låh>]i7M ;j{zf:qljb'QdM ..@&..
ljk|]0ff]Wj{jo:o]j s[tf] bf/kl/u|xM .
efof{ rf]Wj{jof:t:o ae"j k'qsfª\lIf0fL ..@*..
;GtltM :ofGgj]lt åf} lrGtofdf;t'lZr/d\ .
>LdgMsfdgf tfEof+ b]jL ;Dk|fly{tf ;bf ..@(..
tof]e{STof k|;Ggf ;f b]jL+ tfEof+ bbf} ;'td\ ..
;'Gb/+ ;b\a'l4dGt+ :j:y+ r s'nbLksd\ ..#)..
låtLodlk ;Tk'q+ b]jL tfEof+ bbf} d'bf ..#!..
cy tf} bDktL dft'b{z{gfo ;k'qsf} .
uTjf eSTof dft'/Í] Go:tjGtfj'ef} ;'tf} ..#@..
tfEof+ lgj]lbt+ r}tb\ – ej2Qf} lx afnsf} .
/If0fLof} ejTo}j, jo+ t' z/0ffutfM ..##..
tyf k|;Ggf ;f b]jL //If r tof]M ;'tf} ..#$..
5.27-34 Listen to one more good story of the grace of Mother Manakamana.
There was a good Brahmana who was well-versed in many branches of learning.
He got married at a rather advanced age. His wife was also of advanced age, but
she wished for a son. Both the husband and wife were anxious about the
possibility of their progeny. So both of them prayed to Manakamana. Seeing their
devotion, Mother Manakamana made it possible for them to have a son who was
handsome, intelligent and bright. Because the Mother Goddess was pleased with
them, they also had a second son. Then the couple went with their two boys to
pay respect to Manakamana. They put their sons in the lap of the Mother
Goddess, and said, "O mother, these two boys have been given to us by you. So
you must also protect them from all kinds of evils. We are all under your kind
protection." Mother Manakamana is said to have been pleased with them, and
they were happy to be under her protection.
ax'Eof] ax'zf] Xo]iff syf k"j{+ >'tf hg}M .
ljZjo'4] lx k|yd] låtLo] r}j ;}lgsfM ..
g}kfnf o] d[tf:t]iff+ d[To'gfDaf˜ltb'Mlvtf ..#%..
5.35 Many people have heard from many other people about the stories of the
Gorkha soldiers who fought in the first and second World Wars. Mother
Manakamana was highly distressed by the death of those Gorkha soldiers in the
War.
e6}M sltko}M k"j{+ k|fy{gf;Lt\ s[tf g[k Û
t]iff+ /Iffef/e/fblDasf >flGtdGje"t\ ..#^..
:j]blSnGgf˜ejb \ d"lt{j{:q}M ;Dk|f]l~5tf tbf .
k|TofuTo e6}M k"hf alnbfgo'tf s[tf ..
nf]sf hfglGt tt\ ;j{+ b]JofM kl/;/] l:ytfM ..#&..
5.36-37 O King, a number of soldiers had already promised to worship Mother
Manakamana. So the Mother was under severe stress as she had to protect them
all. The people say that the stone image of the Mother Goddess was seen
perspiring and the chief priest of the temple had to wipe her sweat with a towel.
Later on, the soldiers who returned from the war worshipped as they had
promised to by offering sacrificial animals. The people lying around the temple of
the Goddess know all about it.
o+ o+ lrGtot] sfd+ t+ t+ k|fKgf]lt dfgjM .
k/df+ elStdfkGgf] b]VofM k|Lltk|;fbtM ..#*..
5.38 So a person who has a great devotion to the Goddess receives whatever he
wishes for.
dlGb/+ kl/tM z}n] j[Iffg\ k'ikfl0f rfg3fM .
;+jw{olGt r]t\ t] :o'M ;j{;f}efUozflngM ..#(..
5.39 Those who grow trees and flower plants on the mountain around the temple
of Mother Manakamana will be fortunate in every possible way.
dlGb/+ kl/tM slZrt\ kfksd{ s/f]lt r]t\ .
y"Tsf/dnd"qflb b]Jof ; bl08tf] ej]t\ ..$)..
5.40 If anyone commits any sinful act or acts such as spitting or defecating
around the temple, he or she will definitely be punished by the Goddess in a
certain way.
Ps]g Psbf j[Iff] dlGb/:oflGts] l:ytM .
l5Gg:tbf l;Wd/f]uL ;f]˜ejt \ ;B Pj lx ..$!..
5.41 Once a person felled a tree near the temple. He immediately developed
leprosy spots on his body. He died also quite soon.
s]jn+ dfgjf g}j kz'klIfd[ufBlk .
>LdgMsfdgf;Gg] j;lGt elStefjtM ..$@..
lj+zltjif{ko{Gt+ k|Tox+ sfsbDktL .
b[i6f} j[If] elSto'tf} b]JofZr/0f;]jsf} ..$#..
5.42 Not just human beings, but animals and birds live around the temple with
great devotion to Goddess Manakamana. It is said that a pair of crows lived on a
tree near the temple the whole day every day, as if expressing their devotion of
the Goddess for twenty years continuously.
kfkfTdg] eujtL b08d]j k|oR5lt .
t:dfb\ eSTof ljz'4fTdf hgf] uR5]QblGtsd\ ..$$..
5.44 Those who carry sin in their mind will definitely be punished by the
Goddess. So one must approach the Goddess only with a pure mind and soul.
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM o] g/f elStefljtfM .
t]iff+ ;Tsfdgf k"0ff{ eljiolt g ;+zoM ..$%..
5.45 The people who are full of devotion to Goddess Manakamana will
undoubtedly find their wishes fulfilled.
dgf]˜lesfdfGbbtL+ bofn'–
df/fWo b]jL+ hutf] ljwfqLd\ .
cnf}lssL+ zlStdjfKo k[YjL–
gf/fo0ff] /fHod'¿rsf/ ..$^..
td]jdGofglk zlSteStf–
gf/fWo tf+ k"0f{dgf]˜lenfiffg \ .
sfdk|bfqL+ hggL+ ;dRo{
/fi6«k+lti7f+ jod'Ggo]d ..$&..
5.46-47 King Prithvinaraya Shaha expanded his kingdom to a great extent as he
received blessings from the compassionate Mother Goddess who was highly
pleased with him because of his devotion.
May we always remember the Great King and other devotees who have got their
wish fulfilled by the grace of the Goddess, and may we be able to raise the honor
of this nation as we worship Goddess Manakamana.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgfelStkmnj0f{g+ gfd k~rdf]˜WofoM ..%..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ifi7f]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'t+ dof ejQf] lx b]JofZrl/td'Qdd\ .
tbrf{ljifo+ e"oM >f]t'ldR5lt d] dgM ..!..
Joj:yf sLb[zL b]JofM k"hfy{+ ljlxtf g[k}M .
k'/fe"t}h{g}e{St}M sy+ k"hf Xosfl/ j} ..@..
sy+ rfw'lgs}e{St}M k"Hot]˜:dfle/lDasf .
sy+ r ;f k"hgLof u'/f] ;j{+ a|jLt' d] ..#..
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER SIX
The King said:
6.1-3 I have just heard from you about the graceful acts of Goddess Manakamana.
Now, I want to listen to you telling me about the methods of worshipping the
Goddess. What kind of system of worship have the ancient kings established
there? How did the ancient devotees worship the Mother Goddess? What is the
tradition? How do the modern devotees worship the Mother? How should we
worship her? O great teacher, please tell me all about it.
u'??jfrfr
elSt/]j dxb\ j:t' eSTof ls+ gflwuDot] .
elStefjgof o'StM k'dfFNnf]s] dxLot] ..$..
The Teacher said:
6.4 The greatest thing about it is devotion. A man succeeds in achieving
everything because of his devotion. A man so devoted to the Goddess of power is
always respected by the people.
>j0f+ sLt{g+ b]JofM :d/0f+ kfb;]jgd\ .
cr{g+ jGbg+ bf:oefjdfTdlgj]bgd\ ..%..
kq+ k'ik+ kmn+ tf]o+ t:o} eSTof lgj]bo]t\ .
u[X0fflt hggL t'i6f :jfÍ] sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eSt+ lx tfb[z+ b]jL ;fg'sDk+ r /Iflt ..^..
6.5-6 There are many ways of devotion: (1) listening about the Goddess, (2)
chanting her name, (3) remembering her image, (4) sitting at her feet with respect,
(5) worshipping, (6) greeting, (7) serving her like her servant, and (8) reporting
everything (every act) to her. Thus, if one offers a leaf, flower, fruit or water to
the Goddess with devotion, she will accept it with pleasure and will take the
devotee in her lap, and will always protect such a devotee.
cxf]leg{jle:tq dxfeStf:t' s]rg .
k"hfdv08f+ s'j{lGt b]JofZr/0fof]M l>tfM ..&..
6.7 Certain great devotees stay at the temple for nine days and constantly worship
the Goddess there.
>LdgMsfdgfb]jL+ eSTofr{olt k"hsM .
nvGyfkfs'nf]TkGgf] du/M k'?iff] j|tL ..*..
k"hfJojl:yltM k|fRof ljlzi6f r k/Dk/f .
k|Tox+ k"hs]g}j lgTok"hf ljwLot] ..(..
6.8-9 Today, a pure Magar male born in the family of the first priest Lakhan
Thapa worships the Mother Goddess everyday. This tradition of worshipping the
Goddess by a Magar priest is about 400 years old. It has special significance. The
priest first worships the deity everyday, and the other devotees worship her
afterwards.
k|ftM sd{s/}M ;j{+ dlGb/+ kl/dfHo{t] .
k|IffNot] r z'4]g hn]g ;j{tM ;bf ..!)..
k|ftåf{/+ dlGb/:of]b\3f6Øt] ;Ktjfbg] .
s]jn+ k"hsf] d'Vof] b]jL+ k"hot] tbf ..!!..
k'ikfIft}w"{kbLkg}j]Bflble/r{gd\ .
s/f]lt k|Tox+ z'4f] d'VoM k"hs Pj ;M ..!@..
åf/+ lga4Ø ;f k"hf t]g}s]g ljwLot] ..!#..
6.10-13 Every morning the sweepers sweep the temple premises. Every morning
the premises are washed with clean water as well. The door to the deity is opened
at 7 o'clock in the morning. But the chief priest of the temple worships the
Goddess alone. He offers flowers, rice, incense, flame, fruits and food to Her.
When he does so, he closes the door and worships the Goddess inside.
dlGb/fEoGt/] k"hf obf t]g ljwLot] .
;f k"hf uf]kgLo]lt ærfk"hfÚÚ XolewLot] ..
k'ikfIftf ljsLo{Gt] dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..!$..
6.14 When the priest completes the worship of the Goddess inside the temple, he
comes out and goes around the temple scattering the sacred rice grains and
various kinds of flowers. This part of the worship is called “Cha Puja”.
ttf] dxfk|;fbf] lx k"hs]g ;dKo{t] .
b]JofM dxfk|;fb:t' ljz]ifM kl/sNKot] ..!%..
eujTofM k|;fbfo :ju[x] k"hs]g lx .
;'t08'n+ 3[tfSt+ r nj0f+ j];jf/sd\ ..!^..
Jo~hgflg ;d]To}j k"hs]g}j kRot] .
dxfk|;fbkrg] bjL{ g}j k|o'Hot] ..!&..
6.15-17 Then the priest offers what is called the Mahaprasada (great offering) to
the Goddess. This is a special offering prepared in a special way. The special
prasada (food offered to the Goddess) is cooked by the priest himself at his own
house. It contains rice, butter, water, salt, turmeric powder and vegetables all
cooked in a single pot. While cooking this prasada, he cannot use any spoon or
ladle. One cannot stir the cooking food.
k"hs:o u[xft\ :yfn] /fht] ljlgwfo lx .
cfR5fB /Stj:q]0f k|;fbf] gLot] g[k Û ..!*..
:k|i6Jof] g}j s]gflk b|i6Jof] g}j s]glrt\ .
z'4fR5'4tdf] b]Jo} k|;fbf] lx ;dKo{t] ..!(..
6.18-19 The Mahaprasada is brought to the temple from the house of the priest in
a silver plate covered with a piece of red cloth. No one should touch the special
offering except the priest. In fact no one is allowed even to see it. The great
offering has to be the purest in every sense.
otf] b]JofM :yfksZr k|ydM k"hsf] g/M .
cf;LR5«LnId0f:yfkf nvGyfk]lt lj>'tM ..@)..
t]g b]JofM k"hs:t' tå+Zof] du/f] ej]b\ .
Olt Joj:yf k|frLgf g s}lZrblk ?Wot] ..@!..
Odf+ Joj:yf+ oM slZrGg s'of{t\ kl/jlt{tfd\ .
slZrTs/f]lt d"9Zr]b\ b]Jof b08Øtdf] ej]t\ ..@@..
6.20-22 Since the first priest was Lakhan Thapa Magar about 400 years ago, it is
his descendant who has to be the priest at the temple. This is an ancient tradition
which no one can interrupt. May no one change it. If a fool, without the
knowledge of its significance, tries to change it, the Goddess will definitely give
him a severe punishment.
k'/f]lxtZr tqf˜:t] cfq]of] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
d/x§flåhZr}j b]jLefujt+ k7]t\ ..@#..
Olt Joj:yf bf9Ø{]g /lIftf˜l:t ;gftgL .
lgaf{w¿k]0f r ;f Joj:yf Xog'kfNot] ..@$..
6.23-24 There is a pure Brahmana of Aryal (Atreya gotra) family to perform the
ritual together with the temple priest who is a Magar. There is also another
Brahmana from the Marahatta family who recites the Devibhagavatam (a sacred
text on the Glory of the Goddess). This is a very long tradition which has been
observed without any interruption.
d'Vok"hsk"hfofM kZrfb]j lx k|Toxd\ .
k"holGt dxfb]jL+ eStf cGofM ;elStsfM ..@%..
w"k+ bLk+ kmn+ k'ik+ j:qfl0f r oy]R5of .
hgfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} eSTofk{olGt r ..@^..
6.25-26 Regarding the daily worship by the devotees or pilgrims, they worship
the Mother Goddess only after the chief priest. They offer incense, flame, fruits,
flowers, cloth, and other auspicious items such as bangles, mirrors, tika (red mark
to be worn on the forehead) and special necklaces.
5fus'Ss'6x+;fBf dlxiff aln¿ksfM .
oyfk|lt1+ bLoGt] b]Jof:t[KTo} hg}:;bf .. @&..
k|lt1ftf] alnM ls+ jf eSt+ k[R5lt k"hsM .
tbg';[To ;+sNkjrg+ tq k7Øt] ..@*..
6.27-28 Devotees also offer uncastrated male goats, chickens, ducks and male
water buffaloes. When they offer those sacrificial animals or birds, the priests
asks them whether the animal or bird is offered as one promised before or not. He
performs the puja (worship ritual) according to the answer.
;dk{olGt s]lrQ' eStfM k~r anLg\ z'efg\ .
s'Ss'6R5fudlxifx+;d]ifflbsfg\ kz"g\ ..@(..
k"hf ljlzi6f ejlt tl:dg\ sfn] tblx{sf .
k~r}t] anoM qm]t'+ zSoGt] dlGb/flGts] ..#)..
6.29-30 Certain devotees offer all five kinds of sacrificial animals and birds such
as a chicken, a goat, a buffalo, a duck and a sheep. When all the five sacrificial
animals are offered, there is a special puja there. The five types of sacrificial
animals are available for purchase around the temple. One does to have to bring
them from home.
kzf]lx{ aln¿k:o lz/f] u[X0fflt k"hsM .
g]jf/hflteSt]EoM lz/Zr k|ltbLot] ..#!..
k/Dk/f ot:t]iff+ lz/;f] df+;eIf0fd\ .
k/+ tby{+ t}M lsl~rb\ wg+ b]o+ eljiolt ..#@..
clgof{To wg+ zLif{+ lnK;'/fklQdfKg'oft\ .
tyf s[Tjf hgM slZrb\ d[t Pj]lt >"ot] ..##..
6.31-33 The severed head of the sacrificed animal or bird offered to the Goddess
belongs to the chief priest. However, the Newar devotees get the head back since
they have a special tradition of eating the meat from the head of the animal. But
for such a special case, they have to pay a small fee to the priest. If they want the
head back without paying what is due, it is said that they will be in trouble.
Someone is said to have died immediately for the violation of this custom.
bft+' o] g}j jf~5lGt b]Jo} kz'aln+ hgfM .
s"idf08+ jf gfl/s]nkmn+ t] Tjk{olGt lx ..#$..
6.34 The devotees, who do not want to kill an animal, offer a fruit such as a gourd
or coconut instead.
w"kbLkflbg}j]Bj:qk'ikkmnflg r .
eStfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} bblt e"kt] Û
s]lrR5«4fnjf] eStf wlgsfM zlStzflngM .
b]Jo} ;'j0f{/hte"if0ffGok{olGt r ..#%..
6.35 The devotees also offer incense, flame, food, cloth, flowers and fruits in
general. But those who are wealthy and greater devotees offer gold and silver
jewelry also to the Goddess.
k|ft/f/Eo k"hf t' ;fo+ ko{Gtd]j lx .
lg/Gt/+ k|rnlt eStafx'Nosf/0fft\ ..#^..
k"hflj/fdM ;GWofof+ zÎ+ k|Wdfo ;"Rot] .
w"kbLkflbleM k"hf k"hs]g ;dfKot] ..#&..
;dfKtfof+ ;drf{of+ tbf åf/+ lgaWot] ..#*..
6.36-38 The worship at the temple begins in the morning and continues up to the
late evening because of the great crowd of devotees. When the time for worship is
over, it is indicated by blowing a conch. The priest concludes the daily worship
by offering light and incense to the Goddess. Then the temple door is closed.
;fodf/flqs] sfo{] kl/tM ;xeflugM .
>4of elStdGtf] lx hgf cfoflGt dlGb/] ..#(..
k|HHjnøo jlt{sf:t] b]Jof cf/flqs+ z'ed\ .
s'j{lGt z'4dg;M ;fo+sfn] ;dflxtfM ..$)..
6.39-40 In the evening, the local people join the priest to offer the concluding
worship. With pure mind and heart filled with devotion, they offer the flame
themselves as well as the priest.
s]lrb\ bLk+ HjfnolGt ;elSt+ nIfjlt{sfd\ .
;'w"kk'ikj:qflbkmnwfGofIft}o'{td\ ..$!..
6.41 Certain devotees also offer a hundred thousand-wick-lamp together with
incense, flowers, fruits and a piece of cloth.
OTy+ lx k|Tox+ k"hf b]Jof eSt}lj{wLot] .
k/+ k"hf ljz]if]0f zgf} ef}d] r jf;/] ..$@..
6.42 That is the way the worship is offered every day. However, the worship on
Tuesdays and Saturday is considered to be more fruitful. Hence the greater crowd
on those days.
ci6Dof+ jf gjDof+ jf rt'b{Zofdyflk jf .
k"hfljz]iftf]˜DafofM lqmot] tq dlGb/] ..$#..
6.43 On the eighth, ninth and fourteenth days of the lunar months, special puja
(worship) is offered to the Goddess at the temple.
k"hf >fj0f;+qmfGTof+ ;ljz]iff ljwLot] .
;fodf/flqs+ tl:dg\ lbg] r}j oyfljlw ..$$..
tTkZrfb\ tl2g] tqf]Nd'sk"hf ljwLot] .
sf08f/s:o k"hf lx nf]s] ejlt tl2g] ..$%..
6.44-45 On the first day of the month of Shravaa (July-August) there is a special
puja. On that day there is worship as usual. But then follows a special puja called
Ranko puja. In every household in the mountains, there is a special puja of
Kandaraka, the demon.
>fj0f] dfl; g hg}a{lnbfg+ ljwLot] .
tyf rflZjgdf;:o s[i0fkIf] sbflk gf] .
otf]˜;f} lkt[kIff] lx lkt[>f4fo slNktM ..$^..
6.46 There is no offering of sacrificial animals in the month of Shravana.
Likewise, there is no offer of sacrificial animals during the darker half of the
lunar month of Ashwina since that half is allocated for offering sacrifices to the
manes.
PsfbZof+ tyf bz{] lzj/fqf} ty}j r .
alnbfg+ dxfb]Jo} tq g}j ljwLot] ..$&..
6.47 One Ekadashi (the eleventh day of the lunar calendar) and on the Shivaratra
(the Night of Shiva) day, there is no offering of sacrificial animals.
PsfbzL Xofdfjf:of lbgåoldtf obf .
tbf låtLo+ lbj;+ jfo{t] tq k"hg] ..$*..
6.48 If two solar days are touched by one lunar day, which causes the counting of
two lunar days, the first of such two days is observed for the temple purpose
especially in offering the puja with a sacrificial animal.
lgTo+ ljwLot] of t' lgTok"h]lt sYot] .
tyf kj{;' of k"hf ;f ljlzi6]lt dGot] ..$(..
6.49 The daily worship is called nitya puja. The worship on special days is called
parva puja, which is special in the sense that it has additional elaboration.
ci6dLk~rdLkj{k"hf tq ljwLot] .
rt'b{zLkf}0f{df:of]M ;+qmfGTof+ ;k/Dk/fd\ .
Ptfb[s\ kj{k¨hfy{+ Joj:yf˜l:t s[tf g[k}M ..%)..
6.50 There is a special worship on the fifth and eighth days of the lunar calendar.
The fourteenth and the fifteenth days of the lunar month are also occasions for
special puja. The very first day of the twelve solar months also necessitates
special puja. This is a tradition established long ago by the kings.
rft'df{:o]if' k'0o]if' b]jLefujt+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/k|fË0f] k'0o] lgTo+ k7lt a|fXd0fM ..%!..
6.51 During Chaturmasya, the four special lunar months (from mid-August to
mid-November) the Marahatta Brahmana reads the Devibhagavatam text at the
temple every day.
z/Tsfn] dxfk"hf gj/fqf} ljwLot] .
dlxifR5fux+;fgf+ alnbfg}lj{z]iftM ..%@..
uf]/vf/fhu[xtM k"hf;fdUo|dKo{t] .
rt'ZztfAbk|frLgf XoljlR5Ggf k/Dk/f ..%#..
6.52-53 During the early autumn, a special puja is offered to the Goddess. Many
sacrificial animals such as water buffalos goats, ducks, and chickens are offered
to Her. A special provision for worship is sent from the Gorkha palace. This is a
400 year old tradition that is still maintained.
Pj+ ljz]ifk"hf˜lk r}qz'Snfi6dLltyf} .
dlxifR5fux+;flbalnbfg}lj{wLot] ..%$..
6.54 Likewise, similar puja is offered to the Goddess with sacrificial animals such
buffalos, goats, and ducks on the eighth day of the waxing moon in the month of
March-April.
k|ltjif{+ dfu{s[i0fk~rDof+ uf]li7k~rdL .
ljVoftf of kj{d]nf tq}jfof]Hot] z'ef .
uf]i7L;+:yfg]g d]nf ;f tqfof]Hot] tbf ..%%..
6.55 Every year, there is a special festival observed at the temple on the fifth day
of the waning moon in the month of November. This festival organized by Nepal
Guthi Sansthan (Nepal Trust Corporation) is called Guthi Panchami.
jif{aGwgk"hf t' lzi6}af{}4k'/f]lxt}M .
sflGtk'of{M lå/fuTo lqmot] k|ltxfogd\ ..%^..
pmh{z'Snrt'b{Zof cf/Eo jif{aGwgd\ .
ofjGdfu{zLif{z'Snk~rdL+ lqmot]˜x{0ff ..%&..
j}zfvz'SnkIf]˜lk låtLo+ jif{aGwgd \ .
rt'{b{ZofM ;df/Eo Ho]i7s[i0ffi6dLk/d\ ..%*..
OTy+ ;dx{0f+ b]JofM lqmot] jif{aGwgd\ ..%(..
6.56-59 There is yet another very special puja called Varshabandhana puja which
is performed by Buddhist priests from Kathmandu who go there to the temple
twice a year for that purpose.
One of such pujas is observed from the fourteenth day of the waxing moon in the
month of November to the fifth day of the waxing moon in the month of
December. The second one is observed on the fourteenth day of the waxing moon
in the month of April, and it runs until the eighth day of the waning moon in the
month of May. This is a very special puja indeed.
/fhf]jfr
ljwLot] sy+ k"hf b]Jof af}4}u'{efh'leM .
s]jn+ lxGbjM k"hf+ s'j{GtLlt dof >'td\ ..^)..
k/+ /x:od]t:o ;j{+ jb låhf]Qd .
>j0f]g ljgf Tjq lj/fd+ g}j d] dgM .
k|fKgf]lt t:dfb\ x] ljåg\ jb d] lj:t[tf+ syfd\ ..^!..
The King said:
6.60-61 How do the Buddhist priests offer puja to Goddess Manakamana? I had
heard that only Hindus offer puja to Her. But O best Brahmana, please explain to
the secret of the Buddhist priests offering special puja to the Mother. I cannot
remain content without knowing about it from you. So, O great scholar, please
tell me all about it in details.
u'??jfr
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]˜hlg .
g]kfn/fi6«:kmLtLs[b\ b]Jof eStf] ljrIf0fM ..^@..
The Teacher said:
6.62 You know that King Prithvinarayan Shaha was like an incarnation of Lord
Visnu, who expanded the size of Nepal.
obf sflGtk'/L t]g ljlhtf˜;LGdxfTdgf .
k"hf Go"gf˜g'e"tf˜e"b \ b]Jof tT;]gof r x ..^#..
6.63 When the king with a great soul conquered the Kathmandu Valley
kingdoms, the Goddess and her forces felt that the traditional puja was rather too
little for them.
lhtf sflGtk'/L tq o'4+ g}jfejb\ ax' .
sflGtk'/L zflGtk'/L hftf t:o kl/u|xft\ ..^$..
g}sf] hgf]˜ejB'4] sflGtk'of{+ xtfxtM .
s'df/L :jfut+ rqm] 6Lsf+ bTjf lx e"e[t] ..^%..
b]Jof andt[Kt+ ;g\ ttif{ ?lw/+ ax' ..^^..
6.64-66 When Kathmandu was conquered, there was not much fighting and
killing. In fact, it was a peaceful conquest. No one was actually killed there.
Goddess Kumari offered tika (a red mark on the forehead) to King Prithvinarayan
Shaha, and welcomed him. So the forces of the Goddess of Power that were
thirsty for blood remained thirsty, since they did not get a drop of it because there
was no killing at all.
cg]sfM 36gf hftf dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..
If'Awf hgf d"lR5{tfZr klttfM v]bdfl:ytfM ..^&..
hgf uTjf ttf] e"k+ 36gf+ tf+ Goj]bog\ .
g[kZr lj1fg\ k'?iffg\ tflGqsfglk k[i6jfg\ ..^*..
lsd]tb\ jf sy+ hftf 36gf tq tfb[zL <
syÍf/+ t"krf/+ lqmot] tb\ jbGt' gM ..^(..
6.67-69 Then there were many incidents around the temple. People were shocked
without reason. Some would faint for no reason. Some fell. Some felt depressed.
So the people reported it to the king. Then the king invited an assembly of
knowledgeable persons, scholars and tantrikas, and asked them about the possible
reason. He said, “What is going on there? What is the way to remedy such a
problem? Please tell me, as you know about it.”
af}4}u'{efh'le3f{]/}:tflGqs}lj{lgj]lbtd\ .
b]Jof ljz]ifk"hf lx st{Jof jif{aGwgf ..&)..
6.70 There were great Buddhist priests and tantrikas who said that Goddess
Manakamana must be offered Varshabandhana Puja which is a special way of
worshipping the Goddess.
ttf] g[kf] bbfjf1f+ tfg\ ljlzi6fg\ k'/f]lxtfg\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hf+ st'{+ oyfljlw ..&!..
OTy+ e"ldkt]/f1f+ k|fKo tflGqsk"hsfM .
uf]/vf+ sflGtk'/tf] utfM k"hfk|of]hgfM ..&@..
6.71-72 Then the Buddhist priests were asked by the king to go to Manakamana,
and offer special worship to her. So the priests went there to the temple to offer
the Goddess special puja called Varshabandhana.
cf;Lb]s:tflGqs:t' ;j{l;l4;dfo'tM .
b]JofM k"hgsfo{+ ; hfgflt eSt;QdM ..&#..
k"hog\ ; dxfb]jL+ d'08dfnflje"liftfd\ .
pTkfB dfg;+ dTo{+ alnbfg+ ; rfs/f]t\ ..&$..
k/Dk/futf jftf{ >"ot]˜Bflk tfb[zL .
k/+ ttf] g/alng{}j b]Jo} k|bLot] ..&%..
6.73-75 One of the Buddhist tantrikas who went to offer puja was endowed with
special Siddhis (powers). He knew how to appease the Goddess with special puja.
He created a spiritual human being during his puja for the Goddess, and sacrificed
him to the Goddess, who was wearing a garland of human heads. It is heard that
after that incident, human sacrifice is never performed.
ttM ;df/Eo k"hf lqmot] jif{aGwgf .
j}zfv] sflt{s] af}4}lå{jf/+ k|ltxfogd\ ..&^..
zfGtf dgMsfdgf ;f jif{aGwgk"hof ..&&..
6.76-77 After that incident which took place around 1769 the Varshabandhana
Puja is offered by the Buddhist priests twice every year. Mother Manakamana is
pacified by the Varshabandhana puja as such.
Pj+ af}4f:tyf zfStfM k|Tox+ k"holGt tfd\ .
dft/+ zflGtbf+ zlSt+ ;j{sf?0o¿lk0fLd\ ..&*..
o] kzf]a{lnbfg+ t' st'{+ g]R5lGt ;flTjsfM .
gfl/s]nkmn+ b]Jo} rfk{olGt ;dx{0f] ..&(..
6.78-79 That is the reason for both Hindus and Buddhists worshipping the
Goddess who is the compassionate Mother that gives peace to everyone. Those
devotees who do not want to offer animal sacrifice, offer a coconut as a
substitute.
Pj+ k|ltlbg+ dft'j{if{ko{Gtd]j lx ..
g}kfn}ef{/tLo}Zr eSt}M k"hf ljwLot] ..*)..
6.80 In this way, hundreds of thousands of devotees from India as well as Nepal
worship the Goddess throughout the year.
wlggf] ax'd"Noe"if0f}/wgfM kqhnk|;"gs}M .
dxolGt ;elSt dft/+ ;db[i6ØflDasof ;'/lIftfM ..*!..
6.81 Worshipping the Goddess, the rich offer expensive jewellery. The poor offer
only leaves, flowers, water etc. But Mother Manakamana treats all her devotees
on an equal basis [of their devotion], and provides equal protection to all of them.
alnleM ;d'kf;t] slt kmnk'ik}M ;d'kf;t]˜k/] .
;db[u\ hggL ;'tfg\ ;dfg\ j/bfg]g s[tfy{oToxf] ..*@..
6.82 Certain devotees offer animal sacrifice; others offer only fruits as a
substitute. But the Mother Goddess treats all her devotees equally as a Mother
treats all her children on an equal basis.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] k"hfj0f{g+
gfd ifi7f]˜WofoM ..^..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ;Ktdf]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/+ ;'dgf]x/d\ .
:tDe}M ;'sfi7}n{lnt}l/i6sflelQleb[{9d\ ..!..
;'j0f{åf/kmns+ :j0f{lnKtR5b+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/+ kl/tf] 306fM b[ZoGt] tq zf]letfM ..@..
s]g wdf{Tdgf ;j{] t] tq :yflktf u'/f] Û
ejtM >f]t'ldR5fld kljqjbgfDa'hft\ ..#..
Veneration to Sri Manakamana
CHAPTER SEVEN
The King said:
7.1-3 The structure of the temple of Goddess Manakamana is beautiful with its
beautiful brick walls, wooden pillars, and a door of gold and gold coated roof.
There are many bells around the temple. O my respected Teacher, who built all
those things and offered the special decorations? I want to hear all about them
from you.
u'??jfr
ob\ b]Jof dlGb/+ b[i6+ /fhg\ ;j{}h{g}M ;bf .
tTk|frLgtd+ ¿k+ nId0f]g ljlgld{td\ .
k/d]0f t' l;4]g du/]0f dxfTdgf ..$..
The Teacher said:
7.4 The present day temple seen by everyone was originally founded by Lakhan
Thapa Magar himself. In the beginning the structure was very crude with a stone
wall around the deities.
k/+ k[YjLktL /fhf dxfTdf wfld{sM ;'wLM .
zf]eg+ dlGb/+ tq ;b\eSTof lg/dLot ..%..
7.5 But King Prithvipati Shaha, who was a great soul, a deeply religious person
and a wise king , built a beautiful temple around 1700 A.D.
dlGb/] åf/d]s+ ob\ b[Zot] :j0f{dl08td\ .
z"/jL/]0f jL/]0f /fgfj+Zo]g lgld{td\ ..
t:o tqflen]vZr /fht] ?lr/f]˜w'gf ..^..
7.6 The golden door at the temple was built by a Magar gentleman named
Shuravira. One can read the inscription on the door for the detailed information
on it. It reads:
uf]vf{Vo] gu/] g[k:o ;ljw] h}/fh/fgf˜ejt \ .
tTk'qf] g[j/f] g[k]Gb|;lrjM >Lj+;'/fgf Xoe"t\ ..
tTk'qM ;d/]if' vl08tk/M ;+u|fdz"/M ;bf
bftf eft[snqk'q;lxtM >Lz"/jL/f]˜hlg ..&..
e|ft[leM s[i0fjL/fB}M ;lxtM ;fDk|t+ o'jf .
;'j0f{lgld{t+ åf/+ :yflkt+ b]jtfu|tM ..*..
j]bg]qd'lge"o'tzfs] r}qs[i0fz'eifli7o't]˜Ab] .
rGb|jf/;lxt] z'esfn] :yflkt+ sgsåf/db\e'td\ ..(..
7.7-9 There was Jai Raj Rana with the King of Gorkha. His son Vamsu Rana
Magar was the minister of the King. His son was Shuravira who was very good at
slaying his enemies at war. He was also very generous. He had brothers, a wife,
children and many relatives. That gentleman, together with his brothers, put a
golden door at the temple of Goddess Manakamana. This wonderful golden door
was built in the year 1724 of the Shaka Era (that is about A.D. 1802) in the month
of Chaitra (March-April) on Monday on the sixth day of the waning moon.
dlGb/fu|] tyf l;+xf] b]Jof cb\e'tjfxgM
uËfaxfb"/jL/flk{tf] jj{lt{ tq lx .
oyf t:oflen]vf]˜lk kl7t'+ zSot] hg}M ..!)..
7.10 Right in front of the temple stands an image of a lion that is the mount of the
Goddess of Power. This lion was installed by Ganga Bahadur, Chief Colonel of
the Rana Prime Ministers. His inscription can be read on the pillar on top of
which stands the lion. The inscription reads:
æ>Ldb\uËfaxfb"/ Olt ;'s[ltgf rLkms0f{]ngfDgf .
df;]˜l:dg\ j}qmdfAb] /;j;'gje";+ldt] rflZjg]˜4f .
k|LTo} l;+xf] Goj]lb lqhult lx dgMsfdg] t] dof˜o+
eSt+ bLg+ j/]K;+' r/0fz/0fu+ kflx dft/\ gd:t] ..!!..
rLkm\ s0f{]n egL a8f eut >LuËfaxfb"/n]
p08}:;f} / 5ofl; ;+jtdxfF ck{0f\ u/]+ elStn] ..
x] dftf dgsfdgf xh'/sf l;+x} r/0f\df /xf];\ .
j/\ OR5f ul/ eSt 5" r/0fdf /Iff ;bf ug'{xf];\ ..!@..
7.11-12 Chief Colonel Ganga Bahadur was a great devotee of Manakamana. So
he offered a metal image of a lion at the feet of the Goddess in the year 1986 of
Vikrama Era (A.D. 1929). “O Goddess, may this poor devotee, who wishes his
desires to be fulfilled, be blessed and protected by you all the time and
everywhere.”
;lGt aXJo:tq 306fZrflk{tfM ax'leh{g}M .
p§lÍtflg gfdflg b[ZoGt] 3l06sf;' r ..!#..
7.13 There are also many bells offered by many devotees whose names are
inscribed on the bells.
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kf] 306f+ /Dofdltli7kt\ .
:yfgfkGgf˜l:t efUgfof 306fof:t:o e"kt]M ..!$..
7.14 A beautiful bell was also offered by King Prithvinarayan Shaha, but it was
broken, and has been replaced now.
OTy+ r >"ot] k[YjLgf/fo0fdxLkltM .
dxf/f¡ofM s0f{kfz:j0f{+ ;Dd]No uh'{/d\ ..!%..
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/:o R5b]˜s/f]t \ .
sLb[Zof;LGg' tb\elStb]{Jof Olt k|tLot] ..
sLb[s\ r t:o ;fkmNo+ b]Jof j/k|;fbtM ..!^..
7.15-16 It is also heard from the people who know the history of the temple that
King Prithvinarayan Shaha mixed the gold from the ear-ring of his queen with the
gold from which the golden steeple of the temple was made. That shows what
devotion he had for the Goddess Manakamana, and how she blessed him with
success in his endeavor.
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof b"/] eSt}M ;'k"lhtd\ .
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ >"ot] lj6k}j{[td\ ..!&..
>f]t'ldR5fld dfxfTDo+ t:o lnË:o ef] u'/f] .
a|"lx tt\ s[kof ljåg\ df+ ;j{+ ;j{ljQd ..!*..
The King said:
7.17-18 It is heard that there is a great Shiva linga called Vakreshwara a mile
away in the north from the temple of Manakamana, and that the linga has been
under the cover of a dense forest. O Teacher, please tell me about this linga a
well. You are the most knowledgeable among those who know.
u??jfr
;fw' k[i6+ dxf/fh Û elSto'St]g r]t;f .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËljifo] ejtf˜w'gf ..
a|jLDox+ tb\ljifo] ejGt+ elStefljtd\ ..!(..
The King said:
7.19 Whatever you ask about the Vakreshwara linga with a devoted mind is good.
O king, because you have asked the question with such devotion, I will tell you
about it.
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof pQ/:of+ lblz l:yt] .
qmf]zb"/]˜l:t g[kt] Xo'Rr}M kj{td:ts] ..@)..
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ lznf¿k]0f rf]lTytd\ .
lznf:j¿kf tq}j l:ytf jqm]Zj/L z'ef ..@!..
jqm]Zj/fVof˜l:t z'ef gfltb"/l:ytf b/L .
Psf] of]uL lgj;t] tq lgToflUg;]jsM ..@@..
7.20-23 To the north of the temple of Manakamana, about a mile away, there is a
great Shivalinga in the form of an erect rock. There is also the Goddess
Vakreshwari near the linga. To the left of the linga at a short distance there is a
cave called Vakreshwara. There lives a Yogi with fire as his only company.
nId0ffo bbf} l;l4+ u'?uf]/If OTolk .
>"ot] t]g tT:yfg+ k"Ho+ l;l4o't+ dtd\ ..@#..
cjfu\ olx{ ej]b\ afnf] ax'sfndlk :jtM .
jqm]Zjof{ bz{g]g jfrfnf] ejlt :km'6d\ . @$..
7.24-25 That is the place where Lord Gorakshanatha gave Siddhi (all astral
powers) to Lakhan Thapa. That is the reason the place is considered to be sacred.
That place is said to have special power. If a child does not speak for long, people
take him/her to the deity since it is believed that the child will speak after a visit
to the deity.
efb|z'Snt[tLofof+ d]nf ejlt zf]egf .
k"hf+ s'j{lGt dlxnfM kfj{tLk/d]Zj/f} ..@%..
7.26 There is a special festival there on the third day of the waxing moon called
teej in the month of August. Women worship Lord Siva and Parvati
(Vakrashwari) there particularly on that day.
lzj/fqf} r ;b\eStf:tqTofM ;j{hftoM .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËdr{lGt hfu/j|tfM ..@^..
7.27 On the day of Shivaratri, devotees from all castes and creed go there, and
keep a vigil at night with devotion to Lord Shiva (Vakreshwara).
jqm]Zj/+ gfd lzjf]?lnËs+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f k"lhtd\ .
k|k"Ho eStf] net] ;'t+ wg+
ljBf+ ozM ;j{hg}/eLlK;td\ ..@&..
7.28 The great Shivalinga called Vakreshwara was worshipped by the great sage
Lakhan Thapa. If one worships the same linga, he will have sons, wealth, learning
(education) and fame as desired by everyone.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfkl/;/j0f{g+
gfd ;Ktdf]˜WofoM ..&..
ç
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgf:tf]qd\ ..
zdolt s?0ff t] sf/0f+ sf/0ffgfd\
eujlt ejtfkfb]lt eQmZr d'lQmd\ .
b[u'lbtdw'/fef–efhg+ ;+ljwft'+
kbgtlz/;+ df+ dft/Lzflg kZo ..!..
hult dl0fl/jfef›fd;fxJoj:yf
ljnl;tgog'Gg+ oRr uf]/If/fi6«d\ .
ljljwa'wjrf]lej{l0f{t+ /fd/fHo+
Xo'kldtdlk t]g TjTs[k}jfq x]t'M ..@..
Obdhlg ;'/fi6«+ TjTs[kfof lgbfgf
bljtdljty+ t] :g]xk"0f}{M s6fIf}M .
ljsl;tdlk e"oft\ TjTs[kftf] ejflg
jodlk ;jo:of hfu[ofdf˜q /fi6«] ..#..
joldx gokfnfM :df]˜lvnf:TjQg"hf–
Zr/0fz/0fuf:t] k|fy{gf ;f}dg:ofM ..
Ot/ljlxt/fi6«e|i6sfo{ lgxTo
ljt/ anddf]3+ /fi6«lgdf{0fo1] ..$..
hult ob'knAw+ ef] dgMsfdg]˜Da
tblvnddn:t]˜g'u|x:o}j kfsM .
k|0fdlt r/0ff} t] afnsf] elQmk"0f{
:Tjdt'ndltzQmL d] k|bft'+ bo:j ..%..
Olt >Lho/fhfrfo{s[t+
dgMsfdgf:tf]q+ ;dfKtd\ ..
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDod\
>Lho/fhfrfo{lj/lrtd\
lxGbL cg¦jfb;lxtd\
lxGbL efiffg¦jfbs
8f= ;"o{gfy uf]k
lxGbL ljefu cWoIf, lqe¦jg ljZjljBfno
ljifo ;"rL
cWofo ! uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{gd\
-uf]/vf k|b]z sf j0f{g_
cWofo @ dgMsfdgf]TklQj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgf sL pTklQ sf j0f{g_
cWofo # dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgf d+lb/ s] b]jtfcf]+ sf j0f{g_
cWofo $ nvGykftLyf{6gl;4u'xfj0f{gd\
-nvg yfkf sf tLyf{6g cf}/ l;4 u'kmf sf j0f{g_
cWofo % dgMsfdgfelQmkmnj0f{{gd\
-dgsfdgf elQm sf kmn j0f{g_
cWofo ^ dgMsfdgfk"hfj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgf k"hf sf j0f{g_
cWofo & dgMsfdgfkl/;j0f{gd\
-dgsfdgf If]q sf j0f{g_
kl/lzi6d\ dgMsfdgf:tf]qd\
-dgsfdgf :tf]q_
cg'jfbs sL cf]/ ;]
g]kfn ljZj d]+ Ps dfq 3f]lift lxGb" /fi6« x} . n]lsg ;j{ljlbt x} ls lxGb'cf]+ sL ;a ;] a8L
;+Vof ef/t d]+ x} . g]kfn cf}/ ef/t s] sO{ tLy{:yn ;eL lxGb'cf]+ s] lnP ;dfg kljq cf}/
k"Ho x}+ . eujfg\ kz'kltgfy s] bz{g s/g] x]t' c;+Vo ef/tLo lxGb" g]kfn cft] x}+ . p;L
t/x g]kfn ;] sO{ xhf/f]+ eQmhg sfzL ljZjgfy, /fd]Zj/d\, ab/Lz, s]bf/ cflb rf/ wfd
tLy{ofqf s] lnP ef/t hft] x}F .
g]kfn s] dWo eful:yt uf]/vf lhn] s] Ps kj{t sL rf]6L k/ ;fIfft\ dgsfdgf b]jL sf
:yfg Ps P];f hfu[t kL7 x} hxfF x/ ;fn g]kfn cf}/ ef/t ;] bz nfv eQmhg b]jL sL
k"hf s] lnP kx'Frt] x}+ . OGxL eujtL s] dxfg\ eQm >L % a8f dxf/fhflw/fh k[YjLgf/fo0f
;fx g] lxGb" /fi6« g]kfn sf ;kmn PsLs/0f lsof yf .
kxn] dftf dgsfdgf sL k"hf s] lnP pFr] kxf8 sL rf]6L d]+ cjl:yt pgs] d+lb/ ts
kx'Frgf sl7g yf . ca sl7g gxL+ x} . dgsfdgf bz{g k|f=ln= g] jxfF ts kxF¦rg] s] lnP
s]a'n sf/ agf lbof x} . cTofw'lgs k|ljlw ;] agf x'cf ox s]a'n sf/ Plzof sf ;a ;]
nDaf sf/ x} . ca kfFr 5x 3+6] sL kxf8L ofqf s]a'n sf/ ;] bz ldg6 d]+ to sL hftL x}
. afns, a[4, jlgtf ;eL nf]u cf;fgL ;] d+lb/ tx kx'Fr ;st] x} . s]a'n sf/ sf :6]zg
k|l;4 k[YjL/fhdfu{ k/ xL x}, hxfF ;] ;}s8f]+ a; cf}/ cGo k|sf/ sL ufl8ofF x/ lbg u'h/t] x}+
.
cfk s] xfyf]+ d]+ hf] ox >LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDo sf k':ts x} O; ;] dgsfdgf b]jL s] af/] d]+
sfkmL 1fg k|fKt xf] ;stf x} . cfzf x} ox dfxfTDo ckgL cg]s ljz]iftfcf]+ s] sf/0f ;+:s[t
Pj+ lxGbL kf7sf]+ åf/f ;dfg ¿k ;] k9f hfPuf . ox u|+y b]jL dgsfdgf sL s[kf sf k|;fb x}
hf] eQmf]+ Pj+ cf/fwsf]+ s] b'Mv b"/ s/g] sf ;fwg x} . kf7su0f cg'ej s/]+u] ls O; u|+y s]
kf7 s/g] ;] dg d]+ elQm sL kfjg wf/f k|jflxt xf]g] nutL x} . O;] lxGbL d]+ cg'jfb s/
lxGbL kf7sf]+ cf}/ eQmhgf]+ ts kx'Frgf xL d]/f p2]Zo gxL+ /xf x} . j/g\ dftf dgsfdgf sL
c;Ld s[kf k|flKt x]t' nf]uf]+ sf] k|oTg s/g] s] lnP k|]l/t s/gf eL O; cg'jfb s] kL5] d]/f
p2]Zo /xf x} .
d}g] ho/fh cfrfo{åf/f lj/lrt O; u|+y s] oyfzSo d"n:j¿k cf}/ efj sf] lxGbL d]+ nfg] sf
k|of; lsof x} . hfg] cghfg] cyjf d]/L c1fgtfjz sf]O{ q'l6 /x uO{ xf] tf] dftf dgsfdgf
Ifdf s/]+, ho/fh cfrfo{ hL Ifdf s/]+ cf}/ cfk Ifdf s/]+ .
8f= ;"o{gfy uf]k
ç
>Lu0f]zfo gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k|ydf]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgfb]jL t:of dfxfTDod'Qdd\ .
>f]t'sfdf]˜l:d d] ;j{+ ;]ltxf;+ u'/f] jb .. ! ..
/fhf g] sxf– b]jL dgsfdgf sf dfxfTDo ;'gg] sf] d}+ pT;'s x"F . ctM x] u'?,
Oltxf; ;lxt j] ;eL dfxfTDo d'em] atfg] sL s[kf s/]+ .
u'??jfr
dxfef/tjif{:o dWo] e'jgk"lht] .
cfof{jt{M k'0oe"ldd{Wo+ ljGWolxdfnof]M .. @ ..
u'? g] sxf– ;+;f/ e/ d]+ k"hgLo dxfef/tjif{ s] aLr d]+ l:yt lxdfno cf}/
ljGWofrn s] aLr s] k|b]z sf] k'0oe"ld cfof{jt{ sxf hftf x} .
cfof{jt{:of]Q/:of+ lblz eflt lxdfrnM .
t:of˜l:t blIf0f] rfÍ] /fi6+« g]kfn;+1sd \ ..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fHoldlt >'td\ .. #..
cfof{jt{ s] pQ/ efu d]+ lxdfno kj{t zf]efodfg x} . blIf0f t/km lh;sL uf]b d]+
g]kfn gfd sf /fi6« x} hf] ljZj d]+ Ps dfq lxGb" /fi6« s] ¿k d]+ k|l;4 x} .
g]kfn/fi6«dWo:yf] uf]/vf jL/d08n M .
Gofok|bfg] :jftGœo] rf˜:t] Voftf] dxLtn] .. $ ..
g]kfn /fi6« s] dWo efu d]+ cjl:yt jL/ k'?iff]+ sf uf]/vf lhNnf ljZj e/ d]+
k|l;4 x} tyf Gofo k|bfg s/g] cf}/ :jt+qtf s] ljifo d]+ eL k[YjL e/ d]+ k|Voft x}
.
lqz"nLsd{bfdWo] gfgflzvl/lej[{tM .
;j[4u08sLgfgflgDgufleZr ;]ljtM .. %..
lqz"nL cf}/ d:of{ª\bL glbof]+ s] dWo cg]s kxfl8of] cf}/ 3g] h+unf]+ ;f] l3/f ox
k|b]z a"9L u08sL cflb gfds cGo sO{ glbof]+ ;] l;+lrt x} .
lxds"6fb\ ljlgu{To blIf0f] k|jxlGt ofM .
gB:tfM k'0oe"ld+ tf+ l;~rlGt k|f~hn}h{n}M ..^..
lxdfno s] lzv/ ;] lgsn blIf0f sL cf]/ axg] jfnL hf] glbofF x}+ j] k'0oe"ld
uf]/vf sf] ;fkm kfgL ;] ;L+rtL x}+ .
uf]/vfVof] hgkbf] b|Jo;fx;'zfl;tM .
uf]ljk|of] /IfsTjfb\ wd{/If pbL/LtM ..&..
b|Jo ;fx ;] pQd zf;g k|fKt uf]/vf k|b]z ufo cf}/ a|fXd0f sf /Ifs xf]g] s]
sf/0f wd{ s] /Ifs s] ¿k d]+ hfgf hftf yf .
b|Jokf}qf] /fd;fxf] /fd/fHoljwfosM .
Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uR5]b\ uf]/vfldToVofkot\ ..*..
b|Jo ;fx s] kf}q /fd ;fx g] tf] O;] /fd/fHo xL agf lbof cf}/ p;L s] sf/0f
æGofo g ldn] tf] uf/vf hfcf]ÚÚ ox plQm k|l;4 x'O{ .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] hftf] uf]/Ife"klto{bf .
k[YJof+ gf/fo0f]g}j hGd k|fKtldjfejt\ ..(..
uf]/vf s] /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f sf ha hGd x'cf tf] nutf yf h};] k[YjL k/ gf/fo0f
g] xL hGd lnof xf] .
lxGb"/fi6«dljR5]B+ ljZjljQ+ ljlwT;'gf .
t]g e"nf]skfn]g g]kfnf] ljk'nLs[t M ..!)..
åflj+zltrt'lj{zTofboM snxlk|ofM .
;j{]˜Ko]s}szf] e"kf lglh{tfM s/bLs[tfM ..!!..
Ps ljZjk|l;4 cf}/ cljR5]B lxGb" /fi6« agfg] sL OR5f ;] k|]l/t p;L dxfg /fhf
g] g]kfn sf] lj:t[t agfof . ;bf cfk;L snx d]+ lnKt /xg] jfn] …afO{;LÚ …rf}aL;LÚ
h};] 5f]6]–5f]6] /fhfcf]+ sf] hLts/ tyf pGx]+ s/bftf agf jz d]+ lsof .
g]kfn/fi6«lgdf{0f] sf/0f+ uf]/vf˜ejt \ .
ttM k|l;4f] e'jg] uf]/vfzAb OTo;f} .. !@..
O; k|sf/ cfw'lgs g]kfn /fi6« s] lgdf{0f d]+ uf]/vf xL sf/0f agf . O;L ;] ljZj
e/ d]+ xL ox æuf]/vfÚÚ gfds zAb k|l;4 x'cf x} .
P]ltxfl;s;Gb[i6Øf dxTj+ t:o jt{t] .
ljljwfleM ;+:s[ltle:tå}lzi6\Ø+ dxLot] .. !#..
P]ltxfl;s b[li6 ;] uf]/vf sf ljz]if dxTj x} . ljljw ;+:s[ltof]+ s] sf/0f eL p;sL
ljz]iftf x} .
;jf{;f+ ;+:s[tLgf~r ;+xlt:t:o df}lnsd\ .
/fli6«o+ rl/t+, o]g g]kfnrl/t+ s[td\ .. !$..
;eL ;+:s[ltof]+ sf ;fd"lxs ¿k xL uf]/vf sf df}lns /fi6«Lo rl/q x} . ctM jxL
g]kfn s] df}lns /fi6«Lo rl/q sf] eL kl/eflift s/tf x} .
u'j{Ëf du/f ljk|f g]jf/fM IflqofM k|hfM .
rft'j{0o{+ ;dfkGgfM lghwd{k/fo0ffM ..!%..
jxfF u'?ª, du/, a|fXd0f, g]jf/, Iflqo cflb ;eL k|sf/ sL hgtf rt'j{0f{ d]+ ljeQm
xf]s/ ckg]–ckg] wd{ k/ b[9 x} .
k|s[ltM zf]egf tq w/0fL z:ozflngL .
hgfZr jLo{j}bUWof Gofo:jftGœokf]ifsfM ..!^..
jxfF sf k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{ /Do x} . w/tL wg–wfGoo'Qm x} . hgtf jL/ xf]g] s] ;fy
Gofo cf}/ :jt+qtf sf k|j4{g s/tL x} .
lxds"6fT;df/Eo dxLw|]if' hn]if' r .
lgj;lGt ;'/f:tq uf]/vf/If0f] /tfM ..!&..
pQ/:of+ b'Uws'08:tLy{/fhf] lj/fht] .
>fj0of+ kf}0f{df:of+ lx eStfgfsif{og\ ax"g\ ..!*..
jxfF lxdfno s] lzv/f]+, cGo kj{t sL rf]l6of]+ cf}/ kfgL d]+ eL b]jtfu0f jf; s/t]
x}+ cf}/ ;b}j uf]/vf sL /Iff s/t] x}+ . pQ/ lbzf d]+ b"ws'+8 gfds dxfg\ tLy{ x}
hxfF :gfg s/g] x]t' ;fjg sL k"l0f{df sf] eQmf]+ sL eL8 nutL x} .
uf]/vf/fhwfGof+ lx u'?uf]/IfuXj/d\ .
sflnsfdlGb/+ rf:t] /fhk|f;fb;lGgwf} ..!(..
uf]/vf sL /fhwfgL d]+ xL uf]/vgfy sL u'kmf x} cf}/ jxL+ /fhb/af/ s] ;fy–;fy
sflnsf sf d+lb/ eL x} .
lj/fht] kj{t:o lzv/] ;j{sfdbf .
>LdgMsfdgf dftf ;j{nf]sk|k"lhtf ..@)..
;+k"0f{ nf]s åf/f k"lht cf}/ ;af]+ sL sfdgf k"/L s/g] jfnL dgsfdgf dftf sf
d+lb/ eL kj{t lzv/ k/ zf]efodfg x} .
sˆofsgflDg s"6]˜l:t l>tf] du/hfltleM .
of] dgMsfdgf;+1f] u|fdf] u|fd]if' ;f]˜lu|dM ..@!..
ax';+Vos du/ hflt sL al:tof]+ jfn] sˆofs gfds p; kxf8 s] lzv/ k/
dgsfdgf gfds hf] ufFj x} jx ;eL ufFjf]+ d]+ ;jf]{Qd x} .
lbZo'Qdlu/]:t:o k"j{:of+ j[4u08sL .
blIf0f:of+ lqz"nL r jxt] k|otf ;l/t\ ..@@..
klZrdfof++ b/f}+bLlt Voftf wdf{jtL gbL .
d:of{ª\bL sd{bf tq ;dfoflt lxdfnofb\ ..@#..
o] å] gBf} ;dfuTo g}C{Tof+ lblz ;+ut] .
t] dgMsfdgfkfbf} IffnoGTofljj l:yt] ..@$..
p; pQd kj{t sL k"j{ lbzf d]+ a"9L u08sL tyf blIf0f lbzf d]+ kljq lqz"nL
glbofF axtL x}+ . klZrd sL cf]/ b/f}+bL gfd ;] k|rlnt wdf{jtL gbL x} . p;;] eL
klZrd d:of{ª\bL sxL hfg] jfnL sd{bf gbL lxdfno ;] axs/ cftL x} . j] bf]
glbofF hf] dgsfdgf sL g}C{To lbzf ;] cfs/ ldntL x}+ j] b]jL s] bf]gf]+ kf+j
k|Ifflnt s/tL–;L k|tLt xf]tL x}+ .
gB:tfM k'0o;lnnf lxdkj{tlgM;[tfM .
tf;f+ ;+ud pQfnM k'0ofTk'0ot/M :d[tM .. @%..
lxdfno kj{t ;] lgM;[t :jR5 hn jfnL glbofF j};] xL kljq xf]tL x}+, p; k/ eL
glbof]+ sf ;+ud tf] cf}/ eL kljq dfgf hftf x} .
d'lUngfVo] k|b]z] tfM ;l/tM ;d'kfutfM .
k|jxlGt tt:tLy{+ b]j3§+ k|lt b|'td\ ..@^..
pNn]lvt j] ;f/L glbofF d'lUng gfds :yfg d]+ cfs/ ldntL x}+ cf}/ jxfF ;] a8]
j]u ;] b]j3f6 gfds kljq tLy{ sL cf]/ k|jflxt xf]tL x}+ .
of dgMsfdgf t:of dlGb/fbltzf]egf .
b[Zot] Xo'Q/fzfof+ lxdkj{tz[Înf ..@&..
jg/flhg{bL z:oZofdnf r j;'Gw/f .
ntf cgf]sxfZr}j b[ZoGt] kmnk'ikbfM ..@*..
dgsfdgf b]jL s] d+lb/ sL pQ/ lbzf d]+ cToGt ;'Gb/ lxdfno kj{t sL >[+vnf
lbvtL x} . p;L k|sf/ rf/f]+ cf]/ jg sL k+lQm, gbL, dgdf]xs cf}/ pj{/ e"ld, cg]s
k|sf/ s] kmn–km"n k|bfg s/g] jfnL ntfPF Pj+ ljljw k|sf/ s] j[If eL lbvfO{ k8t]
x}+ .
cDaf–gf/Ë–/DefnL–kg;fd|kmnflg r .
b]JofM k|;fb¿k]0f k|fKoGt] tq ;j{bf ..@(..
cd?b, ;+t/f, s]nf, s6xn, cfd cflb kmn b]jL sL s[kf ;] jxfF ;b}j ldnt] x}+ .
af}4}M l;Sv}Zr lxGb"leM zfSt}M z}j}/xlg{zd\ .
;f dgMsfdgf dftf lgTodf:t] k|k"lhtf ..#)..
jx dftf dgsfdgf af}4, l;v, lxGb", zfQm, z}j ;af]+ s] åf/f /ft–lbg k"hL hftL
x}F .
OTydEolr{tf nf]s}df{tf sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eStfgfdeofo}j /fht] /fi6«/l~hgL ..#!..
O; k|sf/ b'lgof åf/f cToGt xL k"lht s?0ff¿lk0fL dftf eQmf]+ sf] ceo k|bfg
s/g] cf}/ /fi6« sf] cfgGb b]]g] x]t' kj{t sL rf]6L k/ jf; s/tL x}+ .
k|o'tfblws+ eStfM k|ltjif{+ tbx{0ffd\ .
s'j{lGt alnbfg]g k'ikdfnfkmn}/lk ..#@..
k|To]s jif{ bz nfv ;] clws eQmhg aln, kmnkm"n cflb clk{t s/ dftf sL k"hf
s/t] x}F .
5fuf cg]sf x+;fZr s'Ss'6f dlxiff:tyf .
cKo{Gt] aln¿k]0f b]Jof:t[KTo} g[leM ..##..
cg]sf}+ as/], aQv, s'Ss'6, e}+;] b]jL sL t[lKt s] lnP aln s] ¿k d]+ g/–gf/L åf/f
r9fP hft] x}+ .
s]lrt\ ;dk{oGtLx skf]tf} hLljtfjlk .
gfl/s]nkmn+ s]lrt\ tQ[KTo} aln¿ktM ..#$..
oxFf sf]O{ eQm hLljt sa"t/f]+ sL hf]8L tf] sf]O{ b]jL s] lnP aln s] ¿k d]+
gfl/on s] kmn eL r9ft] x}+ .
o:t' k"hot] eSTof b]jL+ lzv/jfl;gLd\ .
tf+ dgMsfdgf+ ; :ofb\ wgwfGo;'tflGjtM ..#%..
ej]H1fgL /fhdfGof] dltdfg\ zlStdf+:tyf .
lgTo+ lg/fdoM zfGtM k|;Ggf] nf]sxif{sM ..#^..
kj{t lzv/ k/ jf; s/g] jfnL dgsfdgf b]jL sL hf] elQmk"j{s k"hf s/tf x} jx
dg'io wgwfGoo'Qm xf]g] s] ;fy–;fy k'qo'Qm xf]tf x} . 1fgL, /fhdfGo, a'l4dfg,
zlQmzfnL, lgTo lg/f]uL, zf+t, k|;Gg cf}/ nf]uf]+ sf] v'z s/g] jfnf xf]tf x} .
oM k7]t\ >4of b]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
;f]˜lk If]ddgfKgf]lt dft'/]j k|;fbtM ..#&..
dgsfdgf b]jL s] dfxfTDo sf hf] >4f ;] kf7 s/tf x} p;L dftf sL s[kf ;]
p;sf eL sNof0f xf]tf x} .
o:t' k':tsk"hf~r s/f]lt >4of ;bf ..
; dgMsfdgfb]Jof ej]t\ lk|ot/f] g/M ..#*..
>4fk"j{s hf] O; k':ts sL ;bf k"hf s/tf x} jx g/ eL b]jL dgsfdgf sf
cToGt lk|o xf] hftf x} .
of] dgMsfdgfof lx dfxfTDodltb'Nn{ed\ .
k|bf:olt r eSt]EoM ; ej]b\ /lIft:tof ..#(..
ox dgsfdgf sf dfxfTDo cToGt b'n{e x} . O;LlnP ;Rr] eQmf]+ sf] hf] ox k|bfg
s/tf x} j};] JolQm sf] b]jL ;+/If0f k|bfg s/tL x}+ .
of] dgMsfdgfb]JofM k7]t\ :tf]q+ r k|Toxd\ .
; t]h:jL ej]b\ jL/f] /fhg]tf hglk|oM ..$)..
hf] b]jL dgsfdgf s] :tf]q sf k|lt lbg kf7 s/tf x} jx dg'io t]h:jL, jL/ cf}/
nf]s åf/f cfb/ k|fKt /fhg]tf xf]tf x} .
k|lt;fo+ k7]b\ o:t' :jhg}M kl/jfl/tM .
cWofod]sdw{ jf Znf]sfg\ sltkofg't ..$!..
t:d} ;f}efUodIf'00f+ ;'v+ ;DklQd]j r .
>LdgMsfdgf b]jL k|oR5lt g ;+zoM ..$@..
ckg] kl/jf/ s] ;fy a}7s/ x/]s ;+Wof hf] Ps jf cfwf cWofo cyjf s'5 Znf]s
xL k9tf x} tf] P];] dg'io sf] b]jL dgsfdgf cIf'00f ;f}efUo, ;'v cf}/ ;DklQ
k|bfg s/tL x}+ . O; d]+ sf]O{ z+sf gxL+ x} .
;b\ledf{GoM lzjs/tg'M zÍ/:ofjtf/f]
uf]/Iff] of] ljgolt hgfn\F nf]s/Iffk|j[QM .
;j{]Eof] gf]˜lenliftbbf+ tf+ dgMsfdgf r
uf}/L+ zZjHhglxts/LdLZj/Ldfx'/fKtfM ..$#..
sNof0fsf/s z/L/o'Qm z+s/ s] cjtf/ eujfg\ uf]/vgfy hf] nf]s/Iff s] p2]Zo ;]
dg'iof]+ sf] ;bf cg'zfl;t agft] x} jx ;b}j cR5] dg'iof]+ åf/f cfb/ lsP hft] /x]
x}+ p;L k|sf/ dgf]jf+l5t kmn k|bfg s/g] jfnL dgsfdgf dfO{ eL k|dfl0fs ljåfgf]+
åf/f xd]zf hglxtsfl/0fL b'uf{ eujtL s] ¿k d]+ atfoL uO{ x}+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{g+ gfd k|ydf]˜WofoM ..!..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy låtLof]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'Tjf dgMsfdgfof dfxfTDo+ lsl~rb'Q/d\ .
>f]t'+ dgM sfdot] t:ofZrf]TklQsf/0fd\ ..!..
/fhf g] k"5f – dgsfdgf dfO{ sL dlxdf yf]8f ;'gg] s] kZrft\ d]/] dg d]+ cf}/ eL
;'gg] sL OR5f xf] /xL x} . d'em] pgsL pTklQ s] af/] d]+ atfPF .
u'??jfr
of b]jL ;[li6¿kf ;f huTqolxt}lif0fL .
;j{q zlSt¿k]0f dft[¿k]0f r l:ytf ..@..
g]kfn/fi6«/Iffy{+ k|fb'e{"tf lx tq ;f .
tGdgMsfdgfof:Tj+ eStf] eljt'dx{l; ..#..
u'? g] sxf – tLgf]+ nf]sf]+ sf lxt rfxg] jfnL ;[li6 ¿kL b]jL hf] ;j{q zlQm Pj+
dftf s] ¿k d]+ ljBdfg x}, jxL b]jL g]kfn /fi6« sL /Iff s] lnP jxfF cjtl/t x'O{
x}+ . O; lnP x] /fhg\, cfk eL pgsL elQm s/]+ .
c:o /fi6«:o aLh+ t' ;[i6]/fbf} lx z"lngf .
pKtdf;Llbb+ /fi6«+ :ju{t'No+ ljlwT;'gf ..%..
O; /fi6« sf aLh jkg sfo{ tf] ;[li6 s] cflb sfn d]+ :jo+ eujfg\ lzj g] xL
lsof yf, Sof]+ls O;] :ju{ s] ;dfg agfg] sL pgsL OR5f yL .
b|Jo;fxflewf] jL/M ;'zLnM Iflqoif{eM .
nDh'Ë/fhk'qf]˜;fjf;LGGofok|jw{sM ..^..
b|Jo ;fx gfds Ps pQd Iflqo jL/ x'P . jx ax't ;'zLn y] . jx ndh'ª s]
/fhs'df/ y] cf}/ /fhsfh d]+ Gofo sf] a9fjf b]t] y] .
sfnLeStf hgfM ;j{] uf]/vfjfl;g:tbf .
Goføo+, ;'/fi6«+, :jftGœodEoniog \ ;'/f Oj ..&..
p; ;do eL uf]/vfjf;L, hf] ;eL sfnL s] eQm y], b]jtfcf]+ sL t/x Gofo k/
cfwfl/t Ps cR5f /fi6« cf}/ :jt+qtf s] OR5's y] .
cGj]ifoGt påfx+' /fhfg+ gLltsf]ljbd\ .
t]˜>[0jg\ gfd b|Jo:o ;fx;+ w}o{d]j r .
tt:tblGts+ uTjf uf]/vfg[kt]M kb] .
t+ :yfklot'ldR5Gtf] t]˜a|'jg \ Iffqk"?ifd\ ..*..
Ps zlQmzfnL cf}/ Gofolk|o /fhf j] vf]h /x] y] . ta pGx]+ b|Jo ;fx s] gfd,
;fx; cf}/ w}o{ s] af/] d]+ 1ft x'cf . O;L sf/0f uf]/vf s] /fhkb k/ :yflkt s/g]
sL OR5f n]s/ j] nf]u Iflqo /fhs'df/ b|Jo;fx s] ;dIf pkl:yt x'P cf}/ pg;]
sxf –
uf]/vfhfgkbf pmr'M
u'j{Ëf du/fM Iffqf a|fXd0ffu|f jo+ k|hfM .
;'zf;g+ :yfkloTjf ;Gtf]if+ b]lx gf] a'w ..(..
c:dlGgj]bg+ >'Tjf TjdfuR5 g[kf] ej .
Gofo:jtGqtfwf/] /fHo+ ;~rfno k|ef] ..!)..
:jftGœo]0f ljgf nf]sM sy+ k|fk]t \ ;dfgtfd\ <
ljgf ;dfgtf+ Gofo+ k|fKg'jlGt k|hfM syd\ < ..!!..
;dfgtf s]jn+ lx e|fqf]d{Wo] ej]lGdyM .
ttf] hfgkbfg\ e|ft[g\ dTjf Tj+ zf;g+ s'? ..!@..
jo+ s'zf;sfb]j kLl8tflZr/sfntM .
;'zf;g+ TjdfuTo b]lx gM Iflqoif{e ..!#..
xd u'?ª, du/, Iflqo cflb ckg] ;fy a|fXd0f sf] n]s/ cfo] x}+ . x] ljj]sL, O;
uf]/vf sf zf;g–ef/ cfk u|x0f s/]+ cf}/ ckg] ;'zf;g åf/f xd]+ ;+tf]if k|bfg s/]+ .
x] k|e', cfk Gofo cf}/ :jt+qtf k/ cfwfl/t /fHo sL :yfkgf s/]+ . :jt+qtf lagf
;dfgtf s};] xf]uL » cf}/ ;dfgtf lagf hgtf sf] Gofo s};] ldn]uf » b'lgof d]+
;dfgtf tf] s]jn efOof]+ d]+ xL xf] ;stL x} . O;L lnP hgtf sf] ckg] efO{ ;dfg
;dems/ zf;g sLlhP . xd nf]u ax't ;do ;] s'zf;s ;] kLl8t x}+ . x] Iflqo
>]i7, cfk cfs/ ;'zf;g k|bfg s/]+ .
u'??jfr
OTy+ lgj]lbtf] nf]s}uf]{/vfjfl;lea'{w}M .
b|Jo;fxf]˜udb \ /fhk|f;fb+ tq ;+l:ytd\ ..!$..
uTjf˜k;fo{ ls+e"k+ /fhl;+xf;g]˜j;t \ .
uf]/vfjfl;g:t:dft\ ;'zf;gdjfKg'jg\ ..!%..
kfnloTjf ax"gAbfg\ k|hfM k'qflgjf}/;fg\ .
:ju{+ k|oftM ;f}/fHo+ bTjf k'qfo wLdt] ..!^..
u'? g] sxf – O; k|sf/ uf]/vf sL a'l4dfg hgtf åf/f lgj]bg lso] hfg] s]
kZrft\ b|Jo ;fx jxfF s] /fhk|f;fb uo] cf}/ jxfF s] b'i6 /fhf sf] x6fs/
l;+xf;gf¿9 x'P . p;s] afb uf]/vf jfl;of]+ sf] pgsf ;'zf;g k|fKt x'cf . lkm/
pGxf]+g] cg]s jiff{] ts k|hf sf] k'qjt\ k|]d k|bfg s/t] x'P pgsf kfng lsof cf}/
ckgf jx ;'l:y/ /fhkf6 ckg] a'l4dfg k'q sf] 5f]8s/ :ju{ l;wf/] .
b|Jo;fx:o k'q:t' k"0f{;fxM ;'zf;sM.
OGb|t'Nof]˜ejQ:dft\ k'/Gb/ Olt :d[tM ..!&..
t:o k'qZ5q;fxf] Ho ]i7f]˜Nkfo'a{e"j x .
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fhf /fd;df]˜ejt \ ..!*..
b|Jo ;fx s] k'q k"0f{ ;fx x'P hf] a8] cR5] zf;s y] . OGb| s] ;dfg xf]g] s] sf/0f
pGx]+ nf]u k'/Gb/ ;fx sxs/ :d/0f s/t] x}+ . pgs] a8] k'q 5q ;fx x'P hf]
cNkfo' d]+ u'h/ uo] . p;s] afb slgi7 /fd ;fx /fhf ag] hf] /fhf /fd s] h};] xL
y] .
t:o GofoJoj:yf lx nf]s] ljVofltdfutf .
/fd/fHo+ uf]vfof+ :yflkt+ t]g lgZrod\ ..!(..
/fd ;fx sf Gofo b"/–b"/ ts k|l;4 x'cf, Sof]+ls pGxf]+g] uf]/vf d]+ tf] lglZrt ¿k
d]+ /fd/fHo sL :yfkgf s/ bL .
olb ljBf ljn'Ktf :oft\ sfZof+ uR5Gt' dfgjfM ..
olb Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uf]/vf+ ofGt' dfgjfM ..
Olt k|l;4f nf]sf]StL /fd;fxk|zf;gft\ ..@)..
…ljBf s] lnP sfzL cf}/ Gofo s] lnP uf]/vf hfcf]Ú – ox nf]sf]lQm /fd ;fx s]
zf;g sfn ;] xL k|l;4 x'O{ yL .
/fhf]jfr
sy+ >L/fd;fx]g Gofozf;gd'Qdd\ .
bQ+ r sLb[zL zlSt:t:d} k|fKtf˜ejt \ syd\ .
Olt d] ;j{dfVoft'dx{l; Tj+ a'wf]Qd ..@!..
/fhf g] k"5f– /fd ;fx sf j};f pQd Gofo zf;g s};] ;+ej x'cf < pGx]+ s};L
zlQm k|fKt yL cf}/ jx ls; k|sf/ k|fKt x'O{ yL < a'l4dfgf]+ d]+ ;jf{]Qd x] u'?, o]
;f/L aft]+ cfk a'em] atfPF .
u'??jfr
/fd;fx:o dlxifL ;j{nIf0f;+o'tf .
nLnfjtLlt lj1ftf gfDgf;Lb\ dlxdfjtL ..@@..
;}j /f1L rGb|d'vLTolk nf]s}M :d[tf˜ejt \ ..
cg]s}gf{dle1f{tf ;f˜e"t \ ls+ t:o sf/0fd\ .
;j{+ /fh]Gb| jIoflk ;fjwfgtof z[0f' ..@#..
u'? sxt] x}+ – /fd ;fx sL dxf/fgL ;+k"0f{ nIf0ff]+ ;] o'Qm yL . pgsf gfd
dlxdfjtL yf cf}/ jx nLnfjtL s] gfd ;] eL hfgL hftL yL+ . p; /fgL sf]
rGb|d'vL s] gfd ;] eL nf]u hfgt] y] . O; k|sf/ cg]s gfd ;] jx Sof]+ hfgL uO{
cf}/ p;sf sf/0f Sof yf, jx ;a d}+ atftf x"F . x] /fhg\, Wofg b]s/ ;'lgo] .
dxfsfnL dxfnIdL dxfk"Hof ;/:jtL .
nLnfjtLz/L/] lx lti7lGt :d dxLkt] Û
t:dfb\ /f1L nf]sdftf ax'legf{dleM :d[tf ..@$..
x] /fhg\, dxfsfnL, dxfnIdL cf}/ cToGt k"Hof ;/:jtL tLgf]+ b]ljof]+ sf nLnfjtL
s] z/L/ d]+ jf; yf . ;f/L k|hf åf/f dtf ;dfg dfgL hfg] s] sf/0f pgs] cg]s
gfd k8 uo] y] .
/fd;fx;efofGt' b]Jo'kl:yltsf/0fft\ .
k|fKg'jg\ ;snf nf]sf Gofo+ lrQk|xif{sd\ ..@%..
/fd;fx;ef nf]s}M :d[tf b]j;e]lt x .
tqf;g\ b]jb]jf+zfM ;GtM l;4fZr ;fwjM ..@^..
o] ;GtM ;fwjM l;4f e[z+ Gofok|jw{sfM .
Gofof]˜e"t\ :jfy{/lxt:tfb[zf+ ;d'kl:yt]M ..@&..
/fd ;fx sL ;ef d]+ p; b]jL sL pkl:ylt s] sf/0f ;f/L k|hf plrt cf}/ ;xL
Gofo kfs/ v'z yL . /fd ;fx sL ;ef tf] b]j ;ef xL x}, k|hf oxL dfgtL yL .
p; ;ef d]+ b]jtfcf]+ s] c+z k|fKt dfGo JolQmof]+, ;+tf]+, l;4f]+ cf}/ ;fw'cf]+ sL eL
pkl:ylt /xtL yL . j};] JolQmof]+ sL pkl:ylt ;] ;xL Gofo s/g] d]+ ;xof]u
ldntf yf . b]jf+z ;fw'cf]+ cf}/ l;4f]+ sf sf]O{ JolQmut :jfy{ g xf]g] s] sf/0f
pgs] åf/f ;xL Gofo sf] xL a9fjf ldntf yf .
k/+ g /f1L+ /fhf˜lk hfgLt] zlSt¿lk0fLd \ .
;fIff2]jL+ /fhu[x] j;GtL+ k/d]Zj/Ld\ ..@*..
s]jn+ nId0ff] yfkf h1f} l;l4an]g ;M .
uf]/Ifgfys[kof o]g l;l4M ;dfutf ..@(..
n]lsg zlQm ¿k d]+ ;fIfft\ b]jL xL /fhb/af/ d]+ a}7L x'O{ k/d]Zj/L x}+ ox tYo
/fhf sf] eL 1ft gxL+ yf . nId0f yfkf -du/_ gfd s] /fd ;fx s] d'Vo dGqL g]
uf]/vgfy ;] l;l4 k|fKt sL yL, p;L l;l4 s] an ;] s]jn jxL j] ;f/L aft]+ hfgt]
y] .
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL uf]/vf/If0f] /tf .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o dgMk'qLlt lj>'tf ..#)..
u'?uf]{/vgfyZr uf]/Iffj|ltg+ g[kd\ .
lzIfog\ Gofosfo{] lx /Iflt :d k|hfM ;'vd\ ..#!..
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL hf] uf]/vf sL /Iff s/tL x}+ jx uf]/vgfy sL dfg;k'qL x}+, ox
aft nf]uf]+ d]+ k|rlnt yL . u'? uf]/vgfy eL uf] cf}/ k[YjL sL /Iff s/g] sf j|t
n]g]jfn] /fhf sf] Gofo s};] ;+kfbg s/gf rflxP ox aft l;vft] x'P nf]s sL /Iff
s/ /x] y] .
/fhf]jfr
sf]˜o+ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkf˜;Lb \ /fhjNneM .
sy+ r t]g ;+l;l4M k|fKtf s:dft\ dxfu'/f]M ..#@..
/fhf g] k"5f – sf}g y] ox nId0f gfd s] l;4 yfkf hf] /fhf s] cToGt lk|o y] <
s};] cf}/ ls; dxfu'? ;] pGxf]+g] l;l4 k|fKt sL <
u'??jfr
cf;Lt\ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfj+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfk]lt ljVoftf] b]jLeStf] hglk|oM ..##..
u'? g] atfof– nId0f gfd s] l;4 yfkf j+z d]+ hGd] a8] d'lg y] . nf]uf]+ s] aLr
jx nvg yfkf gfd ;] k|l;4 y] . jx b]jL s] k/d eQm y] cf}/ ax't nf]slk|o y] .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o s[kof l;l4dfKtjfg\ .
1fglj1fgjfg\ ljåfg\ ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..#$..
nvg yfkf g] u'? uf]/vgfy sL s[kf ;] l;l4 kfoL yL . jx 1fg cf}/ lj1fg bf]gf]+
s] 1ftf y] tyf ;eL nf]uf]+ s] aLr cfb/0fLo y] .
Nxfof]j+Zof] nvGyfkf /fd;fx;xfosM .
du/f] /fd/fHo]˜e"t \ nId0ff] /fdeStsM ..#%..
Nxfof] j+z d]+ hGd] nvg yfkf -nId0f yfkf_ du/ jf:tj d]+ /fd ;fx s] P];]
;xfos y] h};] /fd /fHo d]+ eujfg\ /fd s] eQm xf]s/ hGd n]g] jfn] pgs] 5f]6]
efO{ nId0f y] .
/f1L ;Ltf;df b]jL nId0f+ /fd;]jsd\ .
k|LTof :jeSt+ hfgLt] l;l4o'St+ ;'dlGq0fd\ ..#^..
/fd ;fx sL dxf/fgL eL ;Ltf h};L yL . jx /fd s] ;]js efO{ nId0f ;dfg
nvg yfkf sf] l;l4 k|fKt cR5] dGqL cf}/ ckg] k/d eQm s] ¿k d]+ sb/ s/tL
yL .
jL/f Gofolk|ofM >]i7f uf]/vfjfl;gf] hgfM .
OGy+ ;'v]g lbj;fg\ ofkolGt lg/fkbM ..#&..
O; k|sf/ jL/, Gofok|]dL cf}/ ;af]+ ;] >]i7 uf]/vfjf;L hgtf lglj{£g ;'vk"j{s /xt]
y] .
g tqf;Lg\ dxfdf/L b'le{If+ g}j r >'td\ .
:jwd{] lgotf nf]sf /f1f ;+/lIftfM ;bf ..#*..
uf]/vf d]+ seL sf]O{ dxfdf/L gxL+ cfO{ . csfn sf tf] gfd eL gxL+ ;'gf . /fhf
jxfF ckg] wd{ k/ b[9 hgtf sf ;b}j ;+/If0f s/t] y] .
k/+ sfn]g lsotf /fd;fxf] dxLkltM .
:juf{/f]x0fdfrqm] /f1L tdg'ufldgL ..#(..
n]lsg s'5 ;do afb /fd ;fx sf :juf{/f]x0f xf] uof . /fgL eL /fhf s] ;fy ;tL
xf]g] kL5]–kL5] rn k8L .
wdf{jTofM sd{bfofM ;+ud] If]q;Qd] .
/fd;fx:o b]x:o lrtflUgbxg+ s[td\ ..$)..
wdf{jtL -b/f}+bL_ cf}/ sd{bf -d:of{ª\bL_ gbL s] ;+ud–:yn h};] pQd If]q d]+ /fd
;fx s] kfly{j z/L/ sf] lrtf sL clUg d]+ clk{t s/ lbof uof .
k|ljzGtL+ lrtfof+ tf+ :jb]xHjngf]Btfd\ .
/f1L+ nLnfjtL+ b[i6\jf nId0ff] JonkQbf ..$!..
b]JofZ5fof+ ljgf ;j{] Xogfyf uf]/vfhgfM .
eljiofdf] dft[xLgf j/fsf afnsf Oj ..$@..
ckgL b]x sf] bxg s/g] sf] tTk/ lrtf d]+ k|j]z s/tL /fgL nLnfjtL sf] b]vs/
tTIf0f nId0f -nvg yfkf_ ljnfk s/g] nuf . pGxf]+g] sxf – xd ;a uf]/vf sL
hgtf dxf/fgL nLnfjtL sL 5q5fof lagf ca dft[xLg cgfy afns sL t/x xf]
hfo]+u] .
ljnkGt+ nvGyfkf+ b[i6\jf ;f eStjT;nf .
hufb]Ty+ dxfeSt+ l;4+ t+ ;+lztj|td\ ..$#..
yfkf, df ?lblx Tj+ t' eStf]˜l; dd jT;nM ..
k|fb'e"{tf eljiofld gfltb"/] u[xft\ tj ..$$..
O; k|sf/ ckg] dxfeQm tyf pQd j|tL l;4 nvg yfkf sf] ljnfk s/t] b]v
dxf/fgL af]nL – x] nId0f yfkf dt /f]cf] . t'd tf] d]/] lk|o eQm xf], O;L lnP
t'Dxf/] 3/ ;] yf]8L xL b"/L k/ d}+ k'gM k|s6 xf]pmFuL .
OTo'STjf tTIf0f] b]Jof :jb]xbxg+ s[td\ .
u[x+ oftf] nvGyfkf b]jLeStf] dxfd'lgM ..$%..
Otgf sxs/ /fgL lrtf sL clUg d]+ k|j]z s/ e:d xf] uO{ . b]jLeQm dxfd'lg
nvg yfkf eL ckg] 3/ uP .
lsoTsfn]g tb\u|fd] s]gf˜lk xnsif{0fd \ .
s[t+ tq}j ;Ltfofdj?4+ xn+ Xoe"t\ ..$^..
k|:t/] rfj?4+ tb\ obf lgisflzt+ xnd\ .
tbf k|:t/dWofQ' ;';|fj ?lw/+ ax' ..$&..
b]JofM k|sl6t+ ¿k+ lj1fo nId0ff] d'lgM .
;j{]iff+ k|fKo ;fxføo+ lg/dfb\ dlGb/+ If0fft\ ..$*..
ttf] dgMsfdgf ;f eStfgf+ sfdbf˜ejt \ ..$(..
s'5 ;do kZrft\ pgs] ufFj sf sf]O{ JolQm xn hf]t /xf yf ls lz/] d]+ xn c6s
uof . kTy/ d]+ nus/ c6sf x'cf jx xn ha p;g] lgsfnf tf] p; kTy/ s]
aLr efu ;] sfkmL /St k|jflxt x'cf . b]jL O; ¿k d]+ k|s6 x'O{ x}, ox aft
nId0f d'lg ;dem uo] cf}/ ;af]+ sL dbb ;] pgs] lnP d+lb/ agfof . jxL b]jL
eQmf]+ sL OR5f k"/L s/g] s] lnP dgsfdgf b]jL x'O{ .
cy eStf] dxft]hf nvGyfkf:t' ;]jsM .
; dgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hsf]˜e"t \ :jo+ a'wM ..%)..
lkm/ /fgL s] k/d eQm dxf–t]h:jL a'l4dfg nvg yfkf :jo+ xL dgsfdgf s]
k'hf/L ag] .
/fhf]jfr
k/+ dof >'t+ k"j+{ ob\ eStf] nId0fM ;'wLM .
b]jL+ k|fk"hot\ l;4M :jLo] u|fd] ;b}j lx ..%!..
/fhf g] k"5f – n]lsg d}+g] tf]+ ;'gf yf ls eQm nId0f yfkf ljåfg\ y] cf}/ jx
xd]zf ckg] ufFj d]+ b]jL sL k"hf s/t] cfo] y] .
u'??jfr
oR5«'t+ ejtf /fhg\ ;To+ tT;j{d]j lx .
b]JofM k"hf+ ;b}jf;fjs/f]NnId0fM ;'wLM ..%@..
k"j{+ lx dWos"6:yf dxfsfnL hufb td\ .
;fxj+z:o /fhf :ofb|fi6«}sLs/0ff]BtM ..%#..
t:o ;fkmNo;Dk|fKTo} b]jLdf/fwo lk|o .
:ju|fd] TjQkMk"t] sˆofs] z'egfds] ..%$..
Tjbf/fwg;Gt'i6f ;j{zlSt:j¿lk0fL .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL t:d} l;l4+ k|bf:olt ..%%..
>'Tjf tb\ jrg+ b]Jof d'vfbd[t;+o'td\ .
cfuTo nId0f:yfkf k"hf+ b]JofZrsf/ r . %^..
k|Tox+ elStefjfStM l;4M ; du/f] d'lgM .
k"hf+ b]Jof lx k|LToy+{ s/f]lt :d tbf1of ..%&..
u'? g] sxf – x] /fhg\ cfkg] hf] s'5 ;'gf yf jx ;a ;To x} ls ljåfg\ nId0f
yfkf ;b}j b]jL sL k"hf s/t] cfP y] . Sof]+ls dfemsf]6 sL dxfsfnL g] pGx]+ kxn]
xL ox sxf yf ls zfxj+z s] Ps /fhf /fi6« s] PsLs/0f x]t' cleofg s/]+u] .
pgsL ;kmntf s] lnP t'd b]jL sL cf/fwgf s/f] . sˆofs gfds t'Dxf/] kljq
ufFj d]+ t'Dxf/L cf/fwgf ;] ;+t'i6 xf]s/ ;j{zlQm:j¿lk0fL b]jL dgsfdgf pGx]+
;kmntf k|bfg s/]+uL . b]jL s] d'v ;] cd[t ;dfg p; dL7] jrg sf] ;'gs/
nId0f yfkf cfs/ b]jL sL k"hf s/g] nuf yf . O; k|sf/ /fgL sL cf1f ;] du/
d'lg l;4 nId0f yfkf elQmk"0f{ dg ;] b]jL sL ;+t'li6 s] lnP x/]s lbg k"hf s/tf
yf .
ck"hob\ oq b]jL+ eStf]˜;f} nId0ff] d'lgM .
lznf+ b]jL:j¿kf+ tf+ tq}jf:yfkot\ l:y/fd\ ..%*..
O;L sf/0f hxfF kxn] nId0f d'lg k"hf lsof s/t] y] p;L :yn k/ b]jL s] :j¿k
d]+ k|sl6t l:y/ lznf sL eL :yfkgf sL uO{ .
dGqljb\ ljlwljb\ lj1M l;4f] 1fgL k|;Ggx[t\ .
nvGyfkf ;'lj1ftM ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..%(..
cfhLjg+ dxfb]JofM k"hf+ s[Tjf z'lrj|tM .
lgZrqmfd ; jfw{So] tLyf{6gdltd{'lgM ..^)..
sfzLk|ofus]bf//fd]zab/LZj/fM .
b[i6fM ;j{] dxfkL7f nId0f]g tkl:jgf ..^!..
Olt tLyf{lg ;jf{l0f e|ldTjf nId0fM ;'wLM .
k'gM :ju|fddfuTo :jb]x+ lj;;h{ r ..^@..
jxfF cg]s d+q–ljlw s] 1ftf, ;b}j k|;Gglrt, hg–hg s] kl/lrt, ;eL s]
cfb/0fLo, l;4 Pj+ 1fgL nvg yfkf g] kljq j|t n]s/ cfhLjg b]jL sL k"hf sL .
j[4fj:yf k|fKt xf]g] k/ jx tLyf{6g x]t' lgsn] . sfzL, k|ofu, s]bf/, /fd]Zj/, ab|L
cflb ;eL dxfkL7f]+ sf tk:jL nId0f yfkf g] bz{g lsof . O; k|sf/ ;eL tLyf{]
sf e|d0f s/ dxfg\ ljrf/s nId0f yfkf k'gM ckg] ufFj nf}6 cfP cf}/ jxL+ z/L/
lj;h{g lsof .
o] dgM sfdgfb]Jof elSto'Stf:t' dfgjfM .
k"0ff{lenliftf:t] :o' gf{q sfof{ ljrf/0ff ..^$..
b]jL dgsfdgf sL elQm s/g] jfn] dg'io sL OR5f k"/L xf]tL x}, O;d]+ sf]O{ ;+b]x
sf :yfg gxL+ x} .
Psflk nf]sfle?rfjg]sf:tg"M :jeStfg';[tf w/GtL .
nLnfjtL nId0f;+l>tf ;f d"Tof{ dgMsfdgof˜jtfb \ gM ..^%..
eujtL b]jL jf:tj d]+ Ps xL xf]s/ eL nf]uf]+ sL ?lr cg';f/ cg]s x'O{ x}+ tyf
ckg] eQmf]+ sL OR5f s] cg';f/ ljleGg d"lt{ofF -¿kf]+ sf]_ wf/0f s/tL x}+ . p;L
k|sf/ b]jL g] /fgL nLnfjtL cf}/ nId0f yfkf sL OR5f cg';f/ hf] ¿k lnof jxL
dgsfdgf x} . p;L d"lt{ ¿k d]+ b]jL xdf/L /Iff s/]+ .
uf]/Ifgfyfb'knAwl;l4 nL{nfjtLjT;ntfdxl4{M .
hulGgoGqLldx g]boGgf]˜g'u|fxsf] nId0f cfb[tf]˜:t' ..^^..
eujfg\ uf]/Ifgfy ;] l;l4 k|fKt, /fgL nLnfjtL ;] k|fKt jfT;No sf] ;a;] a8L
;d[l4 ;demg] jfnf, hut\ lh;s] lgoGq0f d]+ x} P];L b]jL sf] xdf/] ;dIf nfg]
jfnf pksf/L nId0f yfkf du/ sf xd ;a cfb/ s/]+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgf]TklQgf{d låtLof]˜WofoM ..@..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy t[tLof]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgf t:of pTklQljifo] >'td\ .
u'?jo{ k'gM >f]t'dLx] dlGb/j0f{gd\ ..!..
eujTofM ;'Gb/+ tb\ dlGb/+ s]g lgld{td\ .
dlGb/] b]jtfM sfZr lti7lGt b]Jo'kl:ytfM ..@..
;j{+ ;lj:t/+ >f]t'd'Tsdl:t dgf] dd .
s[kof ef] låh>]i7 Û jSt'dx{l; ;Dk|lt ..#..
/fhf g] k"5f – dgsfdgf b]jL sL pTklQ s] ljifo d]+ d}+n] ;'gf . ca x] u'?j/, d}+
p; d+lb/ sf j0f{g ;'ggf rfxtf xF" . eujtL s] p; ;'Gb/ d+lb/ sf] ls;g] agfof,
b]jL s] ;lGgs6 xL d+lb/ eLt/ cf}/ sf}g–sf}g ;] b]jtf lj/fht] x}+, Og ;eL aftf]+
sf] ;'gg] s] lnP d]/f dg pTs+l7t xf] /xf x} . ctM x] afXd0f>]i7, s[kof j] ;f/L
aft]+ d'em] ceL xL atf b]+ .
u'??jfr
k"j{d]j dof k|f]St+ /fd;fxdxLkt]M .
/f1L nLnfjtL ;fIffb\ b]jL of˜Ktf ;tLultd \ ..$..
k|fb'e"{tf k'gM ;}j e"Tjf sfdk|bf˜q lx .
sf/0f+ >"dtf+ o]g tq b]jL ;d'b\utf ..%..
u'? g] sxf – d}+ kxn] xL atf r'sf x"F ls /fhf /fd ;fx sL /fgL nLnfjtL ;fIfft\
b]jL yL+ hf] pgs] ;fy xL ;tL xf] uO{ yL . dgsfdgf s] ¿k d]+ jxL b]jL lkm/
k|s6 x'O{ . x] /fhg\, jx sf/0f ;'g]+ lh;;] b]jL jxfF k|s6 x'O{ .
k|lt/fq+ ;d'Tyfo lgzLy] zogft\ ;tL .
/f1L lgu{To k|f;fbfbfsfz] tq lti7lt ..^..
oq b]j;ef t:of clk dWo] lj/fht] .
Olt k|fUnId0ff]Stf]˜lk JowflTsl~rGg e"kltM .
nAWjf k|;fb+ b]JofM ; k|zfl:t :d k|hf d'bf ..&..
x/]s dWo/flq sf] /fgL la:t/ ;] p7s/ /fhb/af/ ;] lgsntL x} cf}/ cfsfz d]+
hftL x}+ hxfF b]j;ef nutL x} . jx b]j;ef d]+ eL a}7tL x}+ . O; aft sf nId0f
yfkf g] /fhf s] ;dIf kxn] xL lgj]bg lsof yf . lkm/ eL /fhf g] O; cf]/ sf]O{
Wofg gxL+ lbof yf . alNs b]jL sL cg'sDkf kfs/ /fhf v'z yf cf}/ ckgL g]s
k|hf k/ zf;g s/t] x'P lglZr+t yf .
Psbf /fd;fxf]˜;f} nId0f:o u[x+ oof} .
/f1L r k|oof} tq t]g e"kltgf ;x ..*..
sˆofsgfds] u|fd] Nxfof]j+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfkf lti7lt :d /fd;fx;xfosM ..(..
lgzLlyGof+ oyfk"j{+ /f1L tqf˜Kob[Zot .
tb]o]if g[kf] 1ft'+ tb|x:o+ k|oTgtM ..!)..
/f1L eujtL¿kf b[i6f lgh{/;+;lb .
ttf] d'bf dxLkfn:t"i0fLsM zlot+' oof} ..!!..
P];] d]+ xL Ps lbg /fd ;fx nId0f yfkf s] 3/ uo] . /fgL eL pgs] ;fy uO{ .
Nxfof] j+z d]+ pTkGg dxfd'lg nvg yfkf sˆofs gfds ufFj d]+ /xt] y] . jxfF eL
/fgL kxn] sL xL t/x /flq sf] cb[Zo xf] uO{ cf}/ /fhf g] p;sf /x:o hfgg] sf
k|oTg lsof . jxfF /fgL eujtL s] ¿k d]+ b]jtfcf]+ sL ;ef d]+ lbvfO{ k8L+ . ox
b]vs/ v'zL s] ;fy /fhf r'krfk lkm/ ;f]g] rn] uo] .
k|ftj{Gbgsdf{y{+ /f1L /fhfgdfutf .
/fhf t' jlGbt'+ kfbf} b]Jo} gfbft\ k|zlÍt M ..!@..
ca|jLb\ e"kltb]{jL+ oQb|fqf} bbz{ ;M .
tR5'Tjf jrg+ b]jL e"kd"r] ;'b'Mlvtf ..!#..
b";/] lbg k|fKtM sfn dxf/fgL /fhf sf r/0f :kz{ s/g] cfoL tf] /fhf g] ;z+lst
xf]s/ kfFj ;d]6 lnof cf}/ pGx]+ r/0f :kz{ gxL+ s/g] lbof . /fhf g] /flq sf] hf]
b]vf yf jx ;a dxf/fgL sf] atf lbof . jx ;'gs/ dxf/fgL ax't b'MvL x'O{{ cf}/
/fhf ;] hf] sxg] nuL+, /fhg\, jx d}+ ;'gftf x"F .
b]Jo'jfr
olb ljZjf;xLgf] df+ gfb|IoM ;'/;+;lb .
celjioZrqmjtL{ k/+ tGg lx ;Dej]t\ ..!$..
Tjb\j+zhf] lx /fHo:o lj:tf/f]˜:o sl/iolt .
s]jn+ lx ;'/fh]lt ljVoft:Tj+ eljiol; ..!%..
dxf/fgL g] sxf – olb cljZjf; s/s] b]j;ef d]+ cfkg] d'em] emf+ss/ b]vg] sf
k|of; g lsof xf]tf tf] cfk rqmjtL{ ;d|f6 xf]t] . n]lsg ca jx ;+ej gxL+ x} .
cfksf sf]O{ j+zh O; /fHo sf lj:tf/ s/]uf . ca cfksf] s]jn Ps cR5] /fhf
s] ¿k d]+ Voflt k|fKt xf]uL .
u'??jfr
Olt Jofx[To ;f b]jL tq}jfGt/wLot .
>'Tjf eujtLjf0fL+ JoifLbb\ e"l/ e"kltM ..!^..
cb\e'tf 36gf Xo]iff 3l6tf tq k|fË0f] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM dlGb/+ oq ljBt] ..!&..
ttM k|fs6Ødfoftf lznf¿k]0f rflDasf .
;f lznf dWoefu]˜B dlGb/:ofl:t k"lhtf ..!*..
u'? g] sxf – Otgf sx s/ eujtL jxL+ c+twf{g xf] uO{ . eujtL s] d'Fx ;] ox
aft ;'g s/ /fhf lvGg xf] uo] . jx cb\e't 36gf p;L cfFug d]+ x'O{ yL hxfF ceL
b]jL dgsfdgf sf d+lb/ x} . p;L hux k/ afb d]+ lznf -kTy/_ ¿k d]+ dftf k|s6
x'O{ . jx lznf xL cfh d+lb/ s] dWo efu d]+ l:yt x} cf}/ k"hL hftL x} .
dlGb/+ /fd;fx:o /fHosfn] ljlgld{td\ .
;+:sfl/t+ r tTk'q/fHosfn] tyf k'gM .. !(..
d+lb/ /fd ;fx s] /fHo sfn d]+ lgld{t x'cf yf . pgs] k'q s] /fHosfn d]+ sO{ af/
p;sf hL0ff{]4f/ x'cf . O;L k/+k/f ;] p;sf hL0ff{]4f/ xf]tf /xf .
tTk'qZ5q;fxf]˜e"HHo]i7f]˜Nkfo'lb{j+utM ..@).
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fdt'Nof] g[kf]˜ejt \ .
t:o k'qf] 8Da/f]˜lk of]UoM k'qf] aef} lkt'M ..@!..
tTk'qM s[i0f;fxf]˜e"b \ ?b|:tTk'q Pj r .
k[YjLklt/e"b|fhf wfld{sf] nf]sk"lhtM ..@@..
t]g :jzf;g] /f1f b]Jof dlGb/d'Qdd\ .
s[t+ dgMsfdgfofM k|LTo} tq ;'zf]egd\ ..@#..
d}+ kxn] xL sx r'sf x"F ls b|Jo ;fx s] k'q k'/+b/ ;fx x'P . pgs] Ho]i7 k'q 5q
;fx cNkfo' d]+ xL lbj+ut x'P . 5f]6] k'q /fd ;fx /fd s] ;dfg xL /fhf x'P .
pgs] k'q 8Da/ ;fx ckg] lktf s] of]Uo k'q y] . pgs] k'q s[i0f ;fx y] . lhgs]
k'q ?b| ;fx x'P . ?b| ;fx s] k'q k[YjLklt ;fx a8] wfld{s cf}/ nf]s d]+ cfb/0fLo
x'P . pGxf]+g] ckg] zf;g sfn d]+ b]jL dgsfdgf sL k|;Ggtf s] lnP cToGt ;'Gb/
d+lb/ sf jxL+ lgdf{0f lsof .
obB dlGb/+ rfl:t t:o}j d"nlju|xM .
k[YjLkltlIftLz]g lgld{tf]˜e"b \ dxfTdgf ..@$..
cfh hf] d+lb/ x} p;s] d"n :j¿k sL /rgf dxfg\ /fhf k[YjLklt ;fx g] sL yL .
b|JofTdhf] dof]Stf] oM k"0f{;fxM k'/Gb/M .
lgld{ltj{t{dfg:o dlGb/:o tbf˜ejt \ .
e"of] e"of] dxLkfn}M ;+:s[t+ r :jzf;g] ..@%..
;f dgMsfdgfb]jL >4o}j+ ;dlr{tf .
Ptfb[zL /If0fLof ejtf˜lk k/Dk/f ..@^..
jt{dfg d+lb/ sf lgdf{0f pGxL+ s] åf/f x'cf yf . j};] afb s] /fhfcf]+ s] zf;g sfn
d]+ p;] cf}/ eL ;'Gb/ agfg] sf sfd x'cf x} . O; k|sf/ eujtL >4fk"j{s k"lht
xf]tL cfO{ x}+ . P];L k/+k/f sL ;/sf/ åf/f eL /Iff xf]gL rflxP .
sf b]jtf:tq j;lGt dlGb/]
b]Jof dgMsfdgof ;x}j ofM .
gfdflg tf;f+ dlxdfgdr{g]
tyf k|;fb:o r j0f{g+ z[0f' ..@&..
b]jL dgsfdgf s] ;fy d+lb/ d]+ cGo sf}g–sf}g ;] b]jtf cjl:yt x}+ pgs] gfd
tyf b]jL k"hf sL dlxdf cf}/ k|;fb sf j0f{g eL ;'lgP .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL ;b}j l;+xjflxgL .
obf tq l:ytf /fhg\ eStfgf+ sfdbf˜ejt \ ..@*..
tbf b]jfZr lglvnf:tqfuTo k|t'i6'j'M .
dft/+ tf+ hu4fqL+ nf]sqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..@(..
x] /fhg\, ha l;+x s] ckg] jfxg k/ ;jf/ dgsfdgf b]jL jxfF l:y/ xf] uO{ cf}/
eQmf]+ sL OR5f k"/L s/g] nuL+ tf] ;eL b]jtf jxfF cfP cf}/ pgsL :t'lt s/g] nu]
.
u0f]zM k|yd+ k|fKo l:ytf] d"ifsjfxgM .
dft'/Í] oyf afnM k'ql:ti7lt ;j{bf ..#)..
tqf˜˜oof} s'df/L r x+;s'Ss'/jflxgL .
sflGtk'of+{ hg}of{˜˜:t] k"lhtf ax'leM ;bf ..#!..
;jfxgM ;dfuTo Zj]te}/j pQdM .
t:of eSt Oj l:yTjf eSt/Iff+ s/f]lt r ..#@..
h};] dftf sL uf]b d]+ k'q ;b}j z/0f kftf x} p;L k|sf/ ;j{k|yd >Lu0f]z jxfF
cfs/ /xg] nu] . jQv cf}/ s'Ss'/jflxgL s'df/L eL cfO{ hf] sf+ltk'/ -sf7df+8"_ sL
hgtf åf/f ax't k"lht x}+ . jxL+ >]i7 eQm s] ¿k d]+ Zj]te}/j jfxg ;lxt cfs/
/xg] nu], hf] eQmf]+ sL /Iff eL s/t] x}+ .
b]Jof cu|] If]ds/L of]lugL eStjT;nf .
kZrflT:ytf elSto'Stf j]tfnf ci6dft[sfM ..##..
Olt b]ju0ffM ;j{] tqfuTo ;;+e|dd\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/] ;+l:ytf d'bf ..#$..
eQmf]+ sf] k|]d s/g] jfnL of]lugL eL b]jL s] cfu] cfs/ l:yt x'O{ . kL5] sL cf]/
elQmk"j{s j]tfn tyf ci6dft[sfPF x}+ . O; k|sf/ b]ju0f cljn+a jxfF cfs/
dgsfdgf b]jL s] d+lb/ d]+ v'zL ;fy /x /x] x}+ .
cBflk ;Hhgf:tq uR5lGt k"hgfo o] .
;jf{;f+ b]jtfgf+ lx bz{g+ k|fKg'jlGt t] ..#$..
O;L lnP cfh eL hf] eQm jxfF k"hf s/g] hft] x}+ pGx]+ ;eL b]jtfcf]+ sf bz{g
k|fKt xf]tf x} .
o] eStf elSt;DkGgf eujTofM k|k"hsfM .
t]iff+ g /f]uf bfl/b|Ø+ g}j b'Mv+ sbfrg ..#^.
hf] eQm elQmk"0f{ efj ;] eujtL sL cR5L t/x k"hf s/tf x} p;] g tf] sf]O{ /f]u
nutf x}, g bfl/b|Ø xL 5" kftf x} cf}/ g seL sf]O{ b'Mv xf]tf x} .
of] dgMsfdgfb]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
u'Xofb\ u'Xot/+ k'0o+ b]jfgfdlk b'Nn{ed\ .
z[0f'ofb\ jf k7]b\ eSTof ; ne]t\ k/d+ ;'vd\ ..#&..
dgsfdgf b]jL sf ox pQd dfxfTDo cToGt uf]kgLo cf}/ kljq x} . oxfF ts ls
b]jtfcf]+ s] lnP eL ox b'n{e x} . O;sf] hf] elQmk"j{s ;'gtf cyjf k9tf x} jx
k/d ;'v k|fKt s/tf x} .
sGofyL{ net] sGof+ j/+ j/fly{gL ne]t\ .
k'qfyL{ net] k'q+ wgfyL{ net] wgd\ ..#*.
ljjfx s] lnP sf]O{ o'js olb pQd sGof vf]htf x} tf] p;] j};L sGof k|fKt xf]uL
. sf]O{ o'jtL olb pQd j/ rfxtL x} tf] p;] pQd j/ sL k|flKt xf]uL . k'q s]
cfsf+IfL sf] k'q k|fKt xf]uf . wg sL OR5f /vg] jfn] sf] wg k|fKt xf]uf .
nf]s}?bLl/t+ r}tR5«"ot] elStefjg}M .
Psd]j j/+ ofr]Hhgf] eStM :jhLjg] .
t+ j/+ k|fy{gfk|Ltf dftf k"/olt w'jd\ ..#(..
elQm efj ;] k"0f{ nf]uf]+ sf syg x} ls sf]O{ eQm ckg] hLjg d]+ olb Ps xL j/
df+utf x} tf] dftf p;sf jx j/ cjZo k"/f s/tL x}+ .
;+:yfkgfsflns/fd;fx+ l//lIfif"g\ dlGb/d:o j+Zofg\ .
k[YjLklt+ tb\ b|9oGtd]jdfbz{e"k+ ;tt+ :d/fd ..$)..
d+lb/ ;+:yfkgfsfn s] /fhf /fd ;fx, p;s] afb d+lb/ sf] ;+/lIft s/t] pgs]
j+zhf]+ cf}/ p; d+lb/ sf] ;'b[9 ¿k ;] agfg] jfn] /fhf k[YjLklt ;fx ;bf ;j{bf
:d/0fLo x}+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{g+
gfd t[tLof]˜WofoM ..#..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy rt'yf{{]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
nvGyfkf dxfl;4:tLyf{6g;d'T;'sM .
lgZrqmfd]lt ;+1ftf] ejb\j0f{gsf/0fft\ ..!..
k/+ s'q utM l;4M slt jiff{l0f rf˜e|dt \ .
dlGb/] r sbf˜˜oftM k"hfy{ + ; dxfd'lgM ..@..
cfuTo slt jiff{l0f nId0f]g s[tfr{gf <
tLyf{6glgj[Q]g ls+ s[t+ t]g of]lugf < ..#..
PtRr >"tt]˜Bflk :ju|fd+ k|fKo ;Gd'lg M .
Psl:dg\ uXj/] uTjf tq}jfGt/wLot ..$..
Olt ;To+ g jf ls+ tb\ u'?jof{lew]lx dfd\ .
ejtf]Stf+ syf+ >¦Tjf k'g/Lx] ttM k/d\ ..%..
/fhf g] k"5f – tLy{ e|d0f s] lnP 3/ ;] lgsn] nvg yfkf sL aft cfks] åf/f xL
jl0f{t xf]g] ;] ;dem d]+ cfO{, k/+t' jx l;4 sxfF–sxfF uP, lstg] jiff{] ts tLyf{] sf
e|d0f lsof, k"hf s] lnP d+lb/ d]+ sa nf}6], jfk; cfs/ lstg] jiff{] ts k"hf sL
cyjf tLyf{6g ;] cfg] s] pk/f+t p; of]uL g] Sof–Sof sfd lsof <
cfh eL P];f ;'gf hftf x} ls jx pQd d'lg ckg] ufFj cfs/ Ps u'kmf d]+ uP
cf}/ jxL+ c+twf{g xf] uo] . jx aft ;To x} ls gxL+ < x] u'?j/, d'em] jx aft atfPF
. cfks] åf/f jx syf ;'gs/ d'em] cf}/ eL ;'gg] sL OR5f xf] /xL x} .
u'??jfr
t]g åfbzjiff{l0f tLy{]if' e|d0f+ s[td\ .
yfkfj+Zo]g l;4]g nId0f]g dxlif{0ff ..^..
otM d l;l4;DkGgM zlStdfg\ a'l4dfg\ g[k .
jfw{So]˜Kos/f]t \ tLy{ofqfdlk ;'b'is/fd\ ..&..
u'? g] sxf – yfkf j+z d]+ pTkGg l;4 nId0f dxlif{ -nvg yfkf_ g] af/x jiff{] tx
tLyf{] sf e|d0f lsof . x] /fhg, l;l4 k|fKt xf]g] s] sf/0f jx j[4 xf]s/, eL ;zQm
Pj+ a'l4dfg y] tyf a'9fk] d]+ eL ptgL sl7g tLy{ofqf s/ ;s] y] .
ci6l;l4;';DkGgf] nId0ff] elSt;+o'tM .
If0f]g dWos"6:y+ k|f;fbd'klti7t] ..
If0f]g b]JofM k"hfy{ dlGb/+ rf]klti7t] ..*..
ci6 l;l4 k|fKt eQm nId0f P];] y] ls Ps xL If0f d]+ dfemsf]6 -uf]/vf b/af/_
kx'Frt] y] cf}/ Ps xL If0f d]+ b]jL dgsfdgf dfO{ sL k"hf s/g] dlGb/ kx'Frt] y] .
efuL/yL+ gbL+ gfjf t/tLh{g;+xtLM .
dWos"6:yk|f;fbfbkZot\ ; dxfd'lgM ..(..
ctf/ot\ ; :ju[xfb\ uËfof+ klttf~hgfg\ .
;efofd]sbf t:o j:q+ lsl~rT;d'lGbtd\ ..!)..
syd]tlblt k[i6M ;ef;b\leM ; ljl:dt}M .
jftf{dsyot\ l;4:t/Lb'3{6gflTdsfd\ ..!!..
hgfM sltko] t]g :jo+ gBfM ;d'4[tfM .
x:t]g ;bo+ b"/fbtf] j:q+ ;d'lGbtd\ ..!@..
df;fGt/] >'tf jftf{ t/Lb'3{6gflTdsf .
kj{tLof hgfM s]lrt\ tqf˜˜;g\ 36gf:yn] ..!#..
efuL/yL gbL sf] gfj k/ r9s/ kf/ s/t] hg;d"x sf] jx dxfd'lg uf]/vf
dfemsf]6 s] b/af/ ;] xL b]vt] y] . u+uf d]+ 8"at] cfbdL sf] jx 3/ a}7] xL arf
n]t] y] . Ps lbg /fh;ef d]+ pgs] z/L/ k/ sf j:q s'5 eL+u uof . rlst
;ef;bf]= g] k"5f ls P];f Sof]+ x'cf . ta p; l;4 g] sxf ls u+uf d]+ gfj b'3{6gf
xf] uO{ x} cf}/ pGxf]+g] bof s/s] lstg] xL nf]uf]+ sf] ckg] xL xfyf]+ ;] gbL ;] afx/
lgsfnf x} . O;L sf/0f pgsf j:q eL+u uof x} . kxf8 ;] uo] sO{ tLy{ofqL p;
36gf d]+ k8 uo] y] O; sf/0f arfg] uo] y] .
jif{}åf{bzlebL{3{} e|{dGgf;Lt\ ;elStsM .
;snfGolk tLyf{lg nvGyfkf dxfd'lgM ..!$..
P];] l;4 nvg yfkf af/x jiff{] ts ;eL tLyf{] d]+ elQmk"j{s 3"dt] /x] y] .
j[4f] åfbzjif{]˜lk gfoft Olt lrGtof .
t:o ;GtltleM ;j{}af{Gwj}Zr ;dfs'n}M ..!%..
sl:d+lZrblk tLy{] lx ToStb]xf] ej]lblt .
dTjf t}:t' s[tfM ;jf{M lqmof:t:of}Wj{b]lxsfM ..!^..
n]lsg af/x jiff{] ts g cfg] s] sf/0f pgsL ;+tfgf]+ cf}/ aGw'afGwjf]{ sf] nuf yf
ls zfob pGxf]+g] ls;L cR5] tLy{ d]+ ckgL b]x sf Tofu s/ lbof xf]uf . ox
;f]rs/ pg nf]uf]+ g] nvg yfkf sf lqmof sd{ eL s/ lbof .
k/Gt' ; ;dfuR5b]sbf nId0ff] d'lgM .
l;4f] j[4:tkMk"tM :ju|fd+ :jhg}j[{td\ ..
k/+ kl/lrtf] g}j ;f]˜ejb \ ax¦leh{g}M ..!&..
n]lsg Ps lbg j[4fj:yf sf] k|fKt jx kljq l;4 nId0f d'lg ha 3gL cfjfbL
jfn] ckg] ufFj k'gM nf}6] tf] clwst/ cfbdL pgsf] ca kxrfgt] g y] .
ls~r t]g >'tf rrf{ u|fddfu{] hg}M s[tf .
nvGyfkf d[t Olt e"of] g}jfuldiolt ..!*..
>[Tj}tfb[Ujr:t]g d'vft\ :ju|fdjfl;gfd\ .
cx+ u[x+ uldiofld g]lt tq}j lglZrtd\ ..!(..
ty}j lgZro+ s[Tjf ; u'xfEoGt/+ utM .
cGtwf{g+ ttM l;4M :jl;l4an;+o'tM ..@)..
p; k/ eL ox rrf{ ls nvg yfkf d/ uo] ca nf}6s/ gxL+ cfo]+u], pGxf]+g] ufFj s]
/f:t] d]+ ;'gL . ckg] ufFj s] nf]uf]+ s] d'x ;] P];] jrg ;'gs/ pGxf]+g] ca 3/ g
hfg] sf lgZro lsof . O; lgZro s] ;fy jx Ps u'kmf s] eLt/ k|j]z s/ uo]
cf}/ ckgL l;l4 s] an ;] jx l;4 jxL+ c+twf{g xf] uo] .
j}zfvd"l0f{dfof+ t' ; l;4f]˜Gt/wLot .
g s]gflk dg'io]0f b[i6M ;f]˜gGt/+ d'lgM ..@!..
ttf]˜e"g\ lglvn}nf]{]s} 1f{tf ……l;4u'xfÚÚ g[k .
;/x:of ttf]˜uDof˜ejt \ ;f k"lhtf u'xf ..@@..
tqfGt/] lx ljj/f} åf} dfuf{ljj ;+l:ytf} .
Psf] uf]/vfgfy:o u'xf+ k|fKgf]lt Xo'Q/] .
k/+ l;4M k'dfg]j tfdjfKt'+ lx zSg'oft\ ..@#..
j}zfv k"l0f{df s] lbg jx l;4 jxfF c+twf{g x'P y] . p;s] afb ls;L cfbdL g] eL
pgsf] gxL+ b]vf . ta ;] xL nf]u p; u'kmf sf] …l;4 u'kmfÚ sxg] nu] . jx /x:ok"0f{
cf}? cuDo u'kmf kljq dfgL hftL x} jxfF k"hf sL hftL x} p;s] eLt/ bf] ;'/+u
h};] dfu{ x}+ . Ps dfu{ ;] pQ/ lbzf sL cf]/ hfg] k/ uf]/vgfy sL u'kmf ts
kx'Frf hf ;stf x} . n]lsg jxfF ts l;4 k'?if xL p; dfu{ ;] kxF'r ;stf x} .
t:of+ u'xfof+ kltt+ kmn+ lsl~rblk b|'td\ .
uf]/IfuXj/] k|fKt+ ejtLlt hg>'ltM ..@$..
tyf lsl~rblgi6+ t' olb b]z] kltiolt .
uf]/vfsflnsf/St+ u'xfof+ b[Zot] hg}M ..@%..
p; u'kmf d]+ olb sf]O{ kmn lu/] tf] jx tLj| j]u ;] uf]/vgfy sL u'kmf d]+ xL hfs/
c6stf x}, P];L ls+jb+tL x} . ;fy xL b]z d]+ sf]O{ clgi6 sL ;+efjgf xf]g] k/
uf]/vf sflnsf -b]jL :yfg_ ;] axs/ cfof /Qm jxfF eL lbvtf x}, P];f ;demf
hftf x} .
s'nb]j+ k"holGt Nxfof]j+Zof:t' tq lx .
nvGyfkfj+zhftf j}zfvk"l0f{dflbg] ..@^..
Psbf g ;dfgLtM k"hfy{dlUg/]j t}M .
ls+ st{Joldlt If'Aw}:t}M k[i6+ t' k/:k/d\..@&..
tb}s]gf]StldTy+ ob\ nvGyfkf tkf]˜s/f]t \ .
oBq r]QbflUg:t' nEof] lgZrk|r+ ej]t\ ..@*..
OTo'STj}s]g e"df} lx lsl~rb'Tvlgt+ tbf .
k|fKtf]˜lUg:tq ;fZro{+ e:du"9M ;'/lIftM ..@(..
tl:dGgUgf} s[t+ ;j+{ xjgflbsd'Qdd\ .
Olt t] s[ts[Tof lx hftf nId0fj+zhfM ..#)..
j}zfv k"l0f{df s] lbg Nxfof] j+zLo nvg yfkf s] j+zh du/ nf]u jxL+ s'nb]jtf
sL k"hf s/t] x}+ . Ps af/ j] nf]u k"hf s] lnP cfu nfgf e"n uo] . lkm/ ha ofb
cfof tf] ;eL lr+ltt xf]s/ ca Sof lsof hfo af]nt] x'P Ps—b";/] ;] k"5g] nfu] .
ta pGxL+ nf]uf] d]+ ;] Ps JolQm g] sxf – æolb nvg yfkf g] oxfF tk:of sL x} tf]
oxfF lgZro xL cfu ldngL rflxP .ÚÚ Otgf sxgf yf ls Ps JolQm g] hdLg s]
cGb/ vf]bf tf] /fv ;] 9sL cfu ;'/lIft ldnL . lkm/ tf] p;L clUg s] åf/f pg
nf]uf]+ g] xjg cflb pQd sfo{ ;+kGg lsof . O; k|sf/ nId0f yfkf s] j] ;eL
j+zh s[ts[To x'P .
nvGyfkf u'xf oq ttM ;f}Gbo{zflngL .
lxdfnoflblzv/}M zf]letf b[Zot] dxL ..#!..
hxfF nvg yfkf sL u'kmf x} jxfF ;] lxdfno tyf cGo kj{tf]+ sL rf]l6ofF cToGt
dgf]x/ lbvfoL k8tL x}+ .
uf]/vfdWos"6:yf u'xf of nf]sk"lhtf .
u'/f]uf{]/vgfy:o tkf]e"ldl/lt :d[tf ..#@..
uf]/vf dfemsf]6 d]+ cjl:yt k"hgLo cf}/ k|l;4 u'? uf]/vgfy sL u'kmf pgsL
tfkf]e"ld dfgL hftL x} .
kZo l;4u'xftM >Luf]/vfsflnsf+ lzjfd\ .
tq}j /fhk|f;fbf] b[Zot] ;'dgf]x/M ..##..
l;4 u'kmf ;] sNof0fsfl/0fL >L uf]/vf sflnsf lbvfO{ k8tL x}+, b]vf] Û jxL+ cToGt
;'Gb/ /fhk|f;fb eL lbvfoL k8tf x} .
PtTkljq+ ;'dgf]x/+ :yn+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f rlr{td\ .
of] dfgjf] uR5lt >4oflGjtM
k|fKgf]To;f} l;4z'eflzif+ s[tL ..#$..
ox cToGt kljq cf}/ /d0fLo l;4 yfkf du/ åf/f clr{t x} . hf] JolQm p; :yn
k/ >4fk"j{s hftf x} p; efUojfg\ sf]] l;4 sf z'e cfzLjf{b k|fKt xf]tf x} .
pRr}M l:yt}/fTdank|k"l/t}
h{g}o'{t+ /fi6«ldb+ a[xTsyd\ .
ej]lblt k|:km'l6tf˜q efjgf
uf]/Ifb]z:o dxLkt]x{[lb ..#%..
O; pmFrfO{k/ jf; s/g] jfn], cfTdan ;] k"0f{ hgtf jfn] uf]/vf s] /fhf s] x[bo
d]+ O; /fi6« sf j[xt\ :j¿k s};] lgdf{0f xf]uf, O; efjgf sf k|:km'6g oxL+ x'cf yf
.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] nvGyfkftLyf{6g–
l;4u'xfj0f{g+ gfd rt'yf{]˜WofoM ..$..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k~rdf]˜WofoM .
/fhf]jfr
b]JofZrl/tdfs0o{ e"of]˜lk >f]t'd'T;'sM .
sLb[z+ rl/t+ b]Jof:tT;j{+ jb d] u'/f] Û ..!..
ls+ k|bf:olt eSt]EoM sfdbf eStjT;nf .
OTo]tT;j{dfVoft'+ Tjdx{l; ljbf+ j/ .
tbfs0o{}j d] zfGt+ eljiolt u'/f] dgM ..@..
/fhf g] k"5f – b]jL dgsfdgf sf rl/q ;'gs/ d}+ cf}/ eL pT;'s x'cf x"F . u'?b]j,
b]jL sf rl/q Sof x} d'em] ;lj:tf/ atfPF . eQmf]+ k/ :g]x /vg] jfnL b]jL ckg]
eQmf]+ sf] Sof–Sof k|bfg s/tL x}+ < ;f/L aftf]+ sf 1fg /xg] jfnf] d]+ cfk ;j{>]i7
x}+, ctM d'em] atfg] sL s[kf s/]+ . ;f/L aft]+ ;'gg] s] afb xL d]/L lh1f;f zf+t
xf]uL .
u'??jfr
;j{d]tb\ huT;[i6+ oof˜BfzlSt¿kof .
t:of eSTof hg}nf]{]s] olTsl~rblk nEot] ..#..
ob\ ob\ eSt}o{yfelSt k|fKt+ k"j{+ dxLkt] .
tlTsl~rR5«"otfdB ;+If]k]0f a|jLDoxd\ ..$..
u'? g] sxf – lh; cflb zlQm¿lk0fL b]jL g] O; ;f/] hut\ sL ;[li6 sL x} pgsL
elQm s/g] ;] ;a s'5 kfof hf ;stf x} . x] /fhg\, elQm cg';f/ eQmf]+ g] O;s]
k"j{ hf]–hf] k|fKt lso] x}+ cfh pgs] af/] d]+ yf]8f–;f ;'lgP . d}+ ;+If]k d]+ s'5 s]
af/ d]+ atftf x"F .
o] oyf df+ k|kBGt] tf+:ty}j ehfDoxd\ .
Olt s[i0f]g ;Dk|f]St+ k'/f eujtf oyf ..%..
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL tyf sfdk|bf g[k Û
o] oyf tf+ k|kBGt] huTqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..
tGdgMsfdgfb]Jof eSTof˜;fWo+ g ls~rg ..^..
lh; k|sf/ eujfg\ s[i0f g] ax't k"j{ ox sxf yf ls d]/] kf; hf] lh; k|sf/ sL
OR5f ;] cftf x} p;] d}+ p;L ¿k d]+ k|fKt xf]tf x"F . p;L k|sf/ hf] p; tLgf]+ nf]sf]+
sf lxt rfxg] jfnL eujtL sL h};L ;]jf cf}/ elQm s/tf x} jx dgsfdgf b]jL
eL p;] p;L k|sf/ ;] kmn k|bfg s/tL x}+ . dgsfdgf b]jL sL elQm s/g] ;] s'5
eL c;Dej gxL+ /x hftf, cyf{t\ ;a s'5 ;+ej x} .
/fd;fxf] dxfGofoL /fhf˜e"t \ nf]sjT;nM ..
//If s[kof b]jL t+ e"k+ tTk|hfZr ;f ..&..
k[YjLkltd{xLkfnM ;fxj+z;d'b\ejM .
b]jLdlGb/lgdf{tf ;j{nf]s}M k|k"lhtM ..*..
/fd ;fx a8] GofoL cf}/ k|hf sf] k|]d s/g] jfn] /fhf x'P . p; /fhf cf}/ pgsL
k|hf sL eL b]jL /Iff s/tL /xL yL+ . ;fx j+z d]]+ pTkGg k[YjLklt gfd s] /fhf g]
b]jL sf d+lb/ agfof yf cf}/ jx nf]s d]+ cToGt cfb/0fLo /fhf x'P .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]kdM .
t]g Joj:yf k"hfy{+ dxtL ljlxtf lsn ..(..
gef]g]qfi6e";+Vo] -!*@)_ j}qmdfAb] dxLe'hf .
b]Jo} ;dlk{tf t]g a|Llxd"/LztåoL ..!)..
tb'Tkfbgkof{Kt+ hn3df{g's"lntd\ .
z]/fVod'j{/+ If]q+ jqmfËu|fd;+l:ytd\ ..!!..
;dlk{t+ t]g /f1f nf]sk"Ho]g wLdtf .
cIftf–w"k–bLkflb–g}j]Bfy{ ;elStsd\ ..!@..
5fuf åfbz dlxifZr}sf]˜e"t \ k|ltxfogd\ .
rt'df{0fldt+ wfGo+ skf]t]EoZr k|Toxd\ .
Piff Joj:yf e"k]g sfl/tf˜˜;Lb \ dxfTdgf ..!#..
/fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx k[YjL k/ pTkGg gf/fo0f ;dfg y] . pGxf]+g] dgsfdgf dfO{
sL k"hf s] lnP ;rd'r d]+ a8L Joj:yf sL . ljqmd ;+jt\ !*@) d]+ /fhf g] @))
d'/L -jt{dfg s] d]l6«s k|0ffnL cg';f/ !^) lSj+6n s] nueu_ wfg b]jL dgsfdgf
sf] clk{t lsof . nf]uf]+ s] åf/f cfb/ k|fKt p; a'l4dfg /fhf g] d+lb/ sf] :yfoL
cfo x]t' ptgf wfg pkhfg] nfos tyf w"k cf}/ kfgL sL b[li6 ;] ;'ljwfo'Qm
jqmfª ufFj sL z]/f gfd sL pj{/ e"ld eL ck{0f sL . /fhf g] elQmk"j{s b]jL s]
x]t' hf] ox Joj:yf sL p; d]+ cIft, w"k, bLk, g}j]B cf}/ k|To]s jif{ !@ as/], !
e}+;f -aln x]t'_ tyf sa"t/f]+ sf] k|ltlbg lvnfg] s] lnP $ dfgf -@ lsnf]_ wfg sf
:ki6 pNn]v p; dxfg /fhf g] ]s/jfof yf .
tGdgM sfdgfb]JofM s[kof k'0osd{0ff
t]g e"kltgf /fi6«lj:tf/f] ljlxt:tbf ..!$..
>LdgMsfdgfdft'M k"hfy{+ e"o Pj ;M
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] wfGod"l/sfi6zt+ bbf} ..!%..
P];] k'0o sd{ s/g] jfn] /fhf g] ha dgsfdgf dfO{ sL s[kf ;] ;kmntfk"j{s /fi6«
sf lj:tf/ lsof tf] b]jL dgsfdgf sL k"hf s/ k'gM *)) d'/L -^$) lSj+6n_ wfg
clk{t lsof .
b]JofM k|;fbtf] /f1f /fi6«d]sLs[t+ b[9d\ .
b]Jof Pj k|;fbfRr /fi6«+ ;+/lIft+ ;bf ..!^..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fi6«ldlt >'td\ .
PtGdgMsfdgfofM k|;fbfb]j ;Dejd\ ..!&..
k[YjLgf/fo0fM ;fxf] b]Jof eStf] dxfg\ g[kM
b]jLk|;fbftM sfo{+ sl7g~rflk ;f]˜s/f]t \ ..!*..
b]jL sL s[kf ;] /fhf g] /fi6« sf ;'b[9Ls/0f cf}/ PsLs/0f lsof . b]jL sL xL s[kf
;] ox /fi6« ;+/lIft eL x} cf}/ ljZj d]+ cs]nf lxGb" /fi6« s] ¿k d]+ kl/lrt eL x} .
ox ;a dgsfdgf dftf sL s[kf ;] xL ;+ej x'cf x} . k[YjL gf/fo0f b]jL s] k/d
eQm y] cf}/ O;L lnP Otg] a8] /fhf x'P . pGxf]+g] b]jL sL xL s[kf ;] /fi6«
PsLs/0f sf sl7g sfo{ eL ;DkGg lsof .
eSTofTo'Ts6of o'Stf g/f cBflk lgZrod\ .
l;l4+ neGt] du/f] nvGyfkf oyf k'/f ..!(..
lh; k|sf/ k|frLg sfn d]+ nvg yfkf du/ g] l;l4 k|fKt sL yL cfh eL a8L
elQm s/g] jfn] nf]u lgZro xL j};L xL l;l4 k|fKt s/ ;st] x}+ .
Ptr\ 5'«t+ hg}M k"j+{ ob]sf] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
s[Tjf dft'M :t'lt+ ;Bf] elSto'St]g r]t;f ..@)..
l;l4+ nAWjf nvGyfkfu'xfofdfljj]z x .
ttM kmnflg rfbfo eSt]EoM k|bbf} d'bf ..@!..
nf]uf]+ g] ;'gf x} ls kxn] seL Ps a|fDx0f g] cToGt elQmo'Qm kljq lrQ ;] dftf
dgsfdgf sL :t'lt s/ tTsfn l;l4 k|fKt sL yL cf}/ nvg yfkf sL u'kmf d]+
k|j]z lsof yf . jxfF ;] dL7] kmn nfs/ v'zL ;fy eQmf]+ d]+ af+6f eL yf .
k/+ b'/fzf b'isfdf neGt] b08d]j r .
ctf] j/+ ;d'lrt+ z'ed]j lx sfdo]t\ ..@@..
Ps]g uf]/vfb]z] b'le{If+ k|fly{t+ k'/f .
:ju[x:y+ obGg+ d] dxf3{+ tb\ ej]lblt ..@#..
Olt :jfy{k|]l/t]g nf]eflji6]g r]t;f .
k"hf r ljlxtf dft'?krf/}:t' k~rleM ..@$..
k/+ dftf˜ejTq'm4f tfb[z] j/ofrs] .
;wfGo+ tb\u[x+ ;Bf] bUwdfsl:dsflUggf ..@%..
kZrfQfkft\ ; tf+ b]jL+ k|fy{ofdf; elSttM .
kfbof]/ktGdft'M Ifdfofrgof ttM ..@^..
n]lsg hf] b'i6tfk"0f{ cfzf of b'i6tfk"0f{ OR5f /vtf x} jx dftf ;] bl08t xf]tf x}
. O;L lnP cR5] cf}/ plrt j/ sL xL OR5f s/gL rflxP . ax't kxn] Ps wgL
JolQm g] uf]/vf k|b]z d]+ b'le{If -csfn_ k8] P];L k|fy{gf sL . p;sL OR5f yL ls
P];f xf]g] ;] p;s] 3/ d]+ ;+lrt cGg sfkmL dxFuf las]uf . O; k|sf/ s] nf]e cf}/
:jfy{ ;] lnKt dg ;] p;g] dftf dgsfdgf sL k~rf]krf/ ljlw ;] k"hf sL .
n]lsg dftf dgsfdgf j/bfg df+ug] jfn] p; JolQm ;] cToGt qm'4 x'O{ . p;
JolQm s] wfg ;lxt s] ;eL 3/ t'/+t cfu nu s/ gi6 xf] uo] . afb d]+ p;g]
kZrfQfk s/t] x'P lkm/ ;] dftf s] r/0ff+] k/ lu/ s/ k|fy{gf sL cf}/ sxf ls
dftf d'em ;] ck/fw xf] uof, d]/f ox ck/fw Ifdf s/f] . dftf g] bof s/ yf]8] xL
lbgf]+ d]+ p;] k"j{jt\ wgL agf lbof . dftf dgsfdgf ptgL xL bofn' eL x}+ .
>LdgM sfdgfb]JofM z[0f' ?Rof+ s[kfsyfd\ .
cf;Lb]sf] låh>]i7M ;j{zf:qljb'QdM ..@&..
ljk|]0ff]Wj{jo:o]j s[tf] bf/kl/u|xM .
efof{ rf]Wj{jof:t:o ae"j k'qsfª\lIf0fL ..@*..
;GtltM :ofGgj]lt åf} lrGtofdf;t'lZr/d\ .
>LdgM sfdgf tfEof+ b]jL ;Dk|fly{tf ;bf ..@(..
tof]e{STof k|;Ggf ;f b]jL+ tfEof+ bbf} ;'td\ ..
;'Gb/+ ;b\a'l4dGt+ :j:y+ r s'nbLksd\ ..#)..
låtLodlk ;Tk'q+ b]jL tfEof+ bbf} d'bf ..#!..
cy tf} bDktL dft'b{z{gfo ;k'qsf} .
uTjf eSTof dft'/Í] Go:tjGtfj'ef} ;'tf} ..#@..
tfEof+ lgj]lbt+ r}tb\ – ej2Qf} lx afnsf} .
/If0fLof} ejTo}j, jo+ t' z/0ffutfM ..##..
tyf k|;Ggf ;f b]jL //If r tof]M ;'tf} ..#$..
b]jL dgsfdgf sL s[kf sL Ps cR5L syf ;'gf] . cg]s zf:qf]+ sf 1ftf Ps pQd
a|fDx0f yf . p;g] sfkmL pd| aLt hfg] s] kZrft\ ljjfx lsof . p;sL kTgL eL
sfkmL pd| sL yL hf] k'q k|flKt sL OR5f /vtL yL . pg bf]gf]+ sf] ;+tfg kfg] sL
k|an OR5f xf]t] x'P eL, ckgL pd| s] sf/0f b'ljwf yL cf}/ bf]gf]+ O;L lnP lr+ltt
y] . O; sf/0f sfkmL ;do ts bf]gf]+ g] lgTo dgsfdgf dfO{ ;] k|fy{gf sL . pgsL
elQm ;] k|;Gg xf]s/ b]jL g] pGx]+ ax't ;'Gb/, :j:y, pQd a'l4o'Qm tyf s'n sf]
pHHjn s/g] jfnf b]bLKodfg k'q lbof . b]jL g] v'z xf]s/ pGx]+ Ps cf}/ pQd k'q
lbof .
tb'k/f+t klt–kTgL bf]gf]+ g] xL ckg] bf]gf]+ k'qf]+ sf] dftf sL uf]b d]+ /vs/ ox
k|fy{gf sL – ……dftf o] bf]gf]+ afns cfk xL sL s[kf ;] xd]+ k|fKt x'P x}F cf}/ cfk xL
sf] OgsL /Iff eL s/gL k8]uL . xd nf]u tf] ;eL cfksL xL z/0f d]+ cfP x}FÚÚ ox
;'gs/ k|;Gg b]jL dgsfdgf pgs] bf]gf]+ k'q sL /Iff s/ /xL x}+ .
ax'Eof] ax'zf] Xo]iff syf k"j{+ >'tf hg}M .
ljZjo'4] lx k|yd] låtLo] r}j ;}lgsfM ..
g}kfnf o] d[tf:t]iff+ d[To'gfDaf˜ltb'Mlvtf ..#$..
cg]s nf]uf]+ ;] ox aft ;'gL x} ls k|yd cf}/ låtLo ljZjo'4 d]+ hf] g]kfnL ;}lgs
df/] uo] pgsL d[To' ;] dgsfdgf b]jL ax't b'MvL x'O{ .
e6}M sltko}M k"j{+ k|fy{gf;Lt\ s[tf g[k Û
t]iff+ /Iffef/e/fblDasf >flGtdGje"t\ ..#^..
:j]blSnGgf˜ejb \ d"lt{j{:q}M ;Dk|f]l~5tf tbf .
k|TofuTo e6}M k"hf alnbfgo'tf s[tf ..
nf]sf hfglGt tt\ ;j{+ b]JofM kl/;/] l:ytfM ..#&..
x] /fhg\, lstg] xL l;kflxof]+ g] tf] b]jL sL dGgt dfgL yL . O; sf/0f pgsL /Iff
s/g] s] qmd d]+ cTolws >d s] sf/0f dftf sf] ysfj6 sf cg'ej x'cf cf}/ dftf
sL d"lt{ ¿k k;Lgf ;] eL+u uO{ yL . lh; sf/0f p; ;do dftf sL d"lt{ sf] sk8]
;] kf]+5gf k8f yf . afb d]+ j] l;kfxL ha nf}6s/ cfP tf] aln cflb r9fs/ pg
;af]+ g] dftf sL k"hf sL . dgsfdgf dfO{ s] d+lb/ s] cf;kf; /xg] jfn] ;eL
nf]u j] ;a aft]+ hfgt] x}+ .
o+ o+ lrGtot] sfd+ t+ t+ k|fKgf]lt dfgjM .
k/df+ elStdfkGgf] b]VofM k|Lltk|;fbtM ..#*..
k/d elQmo'Qm dg'io ;] dftf ;bf k|;Gg /xtL x}+ . O;L lnP j};f dg'io hf] eL
OR5f dg d]+ /vtf x} jx k"/L xf]tL x} .
dlGb/+ kl/tM z}n] j[Iffg\ k'ikfl0f rfg3fM .
;+jw{olGt r]t\ t] :o'M ;j{;f}efUozflngM ..#(..
dgsfdgf dfO{ s] d+lb/ s] cf;kf; j[If cf}/ km"nf]+ s] kf}w] nufg] jfn] dg'iof]+ sf
x/ k|sf/ ;] efUo ;fy b]tf x} .
dlGb/+ kl/tM slZrt\ kfksd{ s/f]lt r]t\ .
y"Tsf/dnd"qflb b]Jof ; bl08tf] ej]t\ ..$)..
d+lb/ s] cf;kf; olb sf]O{ kfksd{ s/tf x} cyjf y"sg], k]zfa s/g] of zf}r
cflb s/g] sf sfd s/tf x} tf] p;] b]jL sf]O{ g sf]O{ b08 jf ;hf cjZo b]tL x}+ .
Ps]g Psbf j[Iff] dlGb/:oflGts] l:ytM .
l5Gg:tbf l;Wd/f]uL ;f]˜ejt \ ;B Pj lx ..$!..
Ps af/ Ps JolQm g] d+lb/ kf; s] Ps j[If sf] sf6 lbof cf}/ kl/0ffd:j¿k p;]
t'/+t Zj]t s'i7 xf] uof .
s]jn+ dfgjf g}j kz'klIfd[ufBlk .
>LdgMsfdgf;Gg] j;lGt elStefjtM ..$@..
lj+zltjif{ko{Gt+ k|Tox+ sfsbDktL .
b[i6f} j[If] elSto'tf} b]JofZr/0f;]jsf} ..$#..
s]jn d'gio xL gxL+, kz', kIfL, d[uflb eL jxfF b]jL dgsfdgf sL elQm s/t] x}+| .
sxfF hftf x} ls Ps sf}P sL hf]8 x/]s lbg nuftf/ aL; aiff{] ts lbg e/ Ps
k]8 k/ a}7 s/ elQmk"j{s b]jL s] r/0ff]+ sL ;]jf s/tL kfoL uoL yL .
kfkfTdg] eujtL b08d]j k|oR5lt .
t:dfb\ eSTof ljz'4fTdf hgf] uR5]QblGtsd\ ..$$..
lh;s] dg d]+ kfk x}, eujtL p;] b08 xL b]tL x}+ . O;L lnP elQmk"j{s z'4 cfTdf
;] dg'io sf] b]jL s] ;dLk hfgf rflxP .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM o] g/f elStefljtfM .
t]iff+ ;Tsfdgf k"0ff{ eljiolt g ;+zoM ..$%..
dgsfdgf b]jL sL elQm s/g] jfnf hf] eL dg'io x} p;sL ;RrL sfdgf cjZo
k"/L xf]tL x} . O;d]+ sf]O{ z+sf gxL+ x} .
dgf]˜lesfdfGbbtL+ bofn'–
df/fWo b]jL+ hutf] ljwfqLd\ .
cnf}lssL+ zlStdjfKo k[YjL–
gf/fo0ff] /fHod'¿rsf/ ..$^..
td]jdGofglk zlSteStf–
gf/fWo tf+ k"0f{dgf]˜lenfiffg \ .
sfdk|bfqL+ hggL+ ;dRo{
/fi6«k+lti7f+ jod'Ggo]d ..$&..
dg d]+ ;+slNkt sfdgf sf] k"/f s/g] jfnL, ljZj sL /rgf s/g] jfnL tyf bofn'
b]jL sL cf/fwgf åf/f cnf}lss zlQm k|fKt s/ k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx g] ckg] /fHo sf]
ljzfn agfof . p; /fhf sf] tyf b]jL sL cf/fwgf s/ ckgL clenfiffcf]+ sf] k"/f
s/g] jfn] b]jL eQmf]+ sf] xd :d/0f s/]+ tyf dg sL OR5f k"/L s/g] jfnL
dgsfdgf sL k"hf s/ xd nf]u eL /fi6« sL k|lti7f sf] pGgt s/]+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgfelStkmnj0f{g+ gfd k~rdf]˜WofoM ..%..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ifi7f]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'t+ dof ejQf] lx b]JofZrl/td'Qdd\ .
tbrf{ljifo+ e"oM >f]t'ldR5lt d] dgM ..!..
Joj:yf sLb[zL b]JofM k"hfy{+ ljlxtf g[k}M .
k'/fe"t}h{g}e{St}M sy+ k"hf Xosfl/ j} ..@..
sy+ rfw'lgs}e{St}M k"Hot]˜:dfle/lDasf .
sy+ r ;f k"hgLof u'/f] ;j{+ a|jLt' d] ..#..
/fhf g] sxf – cfk ;] d}+g] b]jL sf pQd rl/q ;'gf . ca d]/] dg d]+ b]jL sL k"hf
s] ljifo d]+ ;'gg] sL OR5f x} . k|frLg sfn s] /fhfcf]+ g] b]jL sL k"hf sL s};L
Joj:yf s/ /vL yL < kxn] s] eQm nf]u s};] k"hf s/t] y] < s};L k/+k/f yL <
cfh s] xd eQm nf]u dftf sL k"hf s};] s/]+ < b]jL sL k"hf s};L xf]gL rflxP < x]
u'?b]j, d'em] ;eL aft]+ atfPF .
u'??jfrfr
elSt/]j dxb\ j:t' eSTof ls+ gflwuDot] .
elStefjgof o'StM k'dfFNnf]s] dxLot] ..$..
u'? g] sxf – ;a;] a8L aft tf] elQm xL x} . elQm ;] P];f Sof x} hf] gxL+ kfof
hf ;stf < cyf{t\ elQm ;] ;a s'5 k|fKt lsof hf ;stf x} . ;Rrf eQm tf] ;f/L
b'lgofF d]+ k"Ho xf]tf x} .
>j0f+ sLt{g+ b]JofM :d/0f+ kfb;]jgd\ .
cr{g+ jGbg+ bf:oefjdfTdlgj]bgd\ ..%..
kq+ k'ik+ kmn+ tf]o+ t:o} eSTof lgj]bo]t\ .
u[X0fflt hggL t'i6f :jfÍ] sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eSt+ lx tfb[z+ b]jL ;fg'sDk+ r /Iflt ..^..
b]jL sL syf >j0f s/gf, gfd sLt{g s/gf, b]jL sf] ;bf dg d]+ :d/0f s/gf, b]jL
s] r/0ff]+ sL ;]jf s/gf, k"hf s/gf, >4fk"j{s gtd:ts xf]s/ k|0ffd s/gf, bf;
sL t/x ;]jf s/gf cf}/ b]jL ;dIf cfTd;dk{0f s/gf – oxL ;a elQm x} .
elQmk"j{s hf] dftf sf] hn, kq–k'ik cf}/ kmn r9ftf x} j] ;eL rLh]+ dftf ;+t'i6
xf]s/ u|x0f s/tL x} . P];] eQm s] pmk/ b]jL bof s/s] p;sL ;'/Iff eL s/tL x}+ .
cxf]leg{jle:tq dxfeStf:t' s]rg .
k"hfdv08f+ s'j{lGt b]JofZr/0fof]M l>tfM ..&..
sf]O{–sf]O{ dxfg\ eQm gf} lbgf]+ ts cv08 k"hf s/t] x}+ cf}/ b]jL s] r/0ff]+ d]+ cf>o
n]s/ a}7t] x}+ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]jL+ eSTofr{olt k"hsM .
nvGyfkfs'nf]TkGgf] du/M k'?iff] j|tL ..*..
k"hfJojl:yltM k|fRof ljlzi6f r k/Dk/f .
k|Tox+ k"hs]g}j lgTok"hf ljwLot] ..(..
nvg yfkfj+z d]+ pTkGg cf}/ z'4 lgod sf kfng s/g] jfnf Ps du/ k'?if dfF
dgsfdgf sL k|ltlbg k"hf s/tf x} . dgsfdgf sL k"hf Joj:yf k|frLg k/+k/f
cg';f/ cf}/ ljlzi6 k|sf/ sL x} . k'hf/L k|lt lbg …lgTo k"hfÚ s/t] x}+ .
k|ftM sd{s/}M ;j{+ dlGb/+ kl/dfHo{t] .
k|IffNot] r z'4]g hn]g ;j{tM ;bf ..!)..
k|ftåf{/+ dlGb/:of]b\3f6Øt] ;Ktjfbg] .
s]jn+ k"hsf] d'Vof] b]jL+ k"hot] tbf ..!!..
k'ikfIft}w"{kbLkg}j]Bflble/r{gd\ .
s/f]lt k|Tox+ z'4f] d'VoM k"hs Pj ;M ..!@..
åf/+ lga4Ø ;f k"hf t]g}s]g ljwLot] ..!#..
kxn] ;j]/]–;j]/] ;]jsf+] åf/f d+lb/ s] kl/;/ sL ;kmfO{ sL hftL x} . lgTo k|ftM
d+lb/ s] kmz{ cf}/ kl/;/ sf] z'4 hn ;] kvf/f hftf x} . ;'ax ;ft ah] d+lb/ sf
k6 vf]nf hftf x} . n]lsg p; ;do km"n, cIft, w"k, bLk, g}j]B cflb r9fs/ b]jL
s] d'Vo k'hf/L xL k"hf s/t] x}+ . O; k|sf/ d'Vo k'hf/L åf/f k"hf sL hfg] s] ;do
åf/ eLt/ ;] aGb s/ lnof hftf x} . p; ;do d'Vo k'hf/L cs]n] k"hf s/t] x}+
cf}/ cGo sf]O{ eL JolQm k|j]z gxL+ s/tf .
dlGb/fEoGt/] k"hf obf t]g ljwLot] .
;f k"hf uf]kgLo]lt ærfk"hfÚÚ XolewLot] ..
k'ikfIftf ljsLo{Gt] dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..!$..
d+lb/ s] eLt/ a}7s/ d'Vo k'hf/L Pslgi7 efj ;] ha Psf+t d]+ k"hf s/t] x}+ tf]
p; uf]kgLo k"hf sf] ……rfk"hfÚÚ sxt] x}+ . p;s] afb d+lb/ s] afx/ rf/f]+ cf]/ cIft
cf}/ km"nf]+ ;] jx clelifQm s/t] x}+ .
ttf] dxfk|;fbf] lx k"hs]g ;dKo{t] .
b]JofM dxfk|;fb:t' ljz]ifM kl/sNKot] ..!%..
eujTofM k|;fbfo :ju[x] k"hs]g lx .
;'t08'n+ 3[tfSt+ r nj0f+ j];jf/sd\ ..!^..
Jo~hgflg ;d]To}j k"hs]g}j kRot] .
dxfk|;fbkrg] bjL{ g}j k|o'Hot] ..!&..
tTkZrft\ jx dgsfdgf b]jL sf] dxfk|;fb r9ft] x}+ . b]jL sf dxfk|;fb ljz]if
ls:d ;] t}of/ lsof hftf x} . b]jL sf jx k|;fb k'hf/L ckg] xL 3/ d]+ cR5] ls:d
s] dxLg rfjn, z'4 b]zL 3L 8fns/ p;d]+ gds, xNbL, ;lAhofF eL p;L d]+
ldnfs/ k"hf/L sf] xL :jo+ ksfgf k8tf x} . ox dxfk|;fb ksft] ;do sn5L,
8f]O{ cflb sf lagf k|of]u lso] ksfgf k8tf x} .
k"hs:o u[xft\ :yfn] /fht] ljlgwfo lx .
cfR5fB /Stj:q]0f k|;fbf] gLot] g[k Û ..!*..
:k|i6Jof] g}j s]gflk b|i6Jof] g}j s]glrt\ .
z'4fR5'4tdf] b]Jo} k|;fbf] lx ;dKo{t] ..!(..
k'hf/L s] 3/ ;] rfFbL s] yfn d]+ /v nfn j:q ;] 9s s/ dxfk|;fb sf] d+lb/ d]+
nfof hftf x} . p; k|;fb sf] cGo ls;L sf] eL g tf] b]vg] cf}/ g :kz{ s/g]
lbof hftf x} . O; k|sf/ z'4 ;] z'4 k|;fb b]jL sf] r9fof hftf x} .
otf] b]JofM :yfksZr k|ydM k"hsf] g/M .
cf;LR5«LnId0f:yfkf nvGyfk]lt lj>'tM ..@)..
t]g b]JofM k"hs:t' tå+Zof] du/f] ej]b\ .
Olt Joj:yf k|frLgf g s}lZrblk ?Wot] ..@!..
Odf+ Joj:yf+ oM slZrGg s'of{t\ kl/jlt{tfd\ .
slZrTs/f]lt d"9Zr]b\ b]Jof b08Øtdf] ej]t\ ..@@..
b]jL s] ;+:yfks k|yd k'hf/L nvg yfkf s] gfd ;] k|rlnt nId0f yfkf xf]g] s]
sf/0f dgsfdgf b]jL s] k'hf/L pGxL+ s] j+zh xf]+u], P];L Joj:yf /xL x} . O;
k|frLg Joj:yf sf] sf]O{ eL gxL+ /f]s ;stf . sf]O{ d"v{ olb lagf hfg]–;dem] O;]
abngf rfx] tf] b]jL p;] s7f]/ b08 b]+uL, ox lglZrt x} .
k'/f]lxtZr tqf˜:t] cfq]of] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
d/x§flåhZr}j b]jLefujt+ k7]t\ ..@#..
Olt Joj:yf bf9Ø{]g /lIftf˜l:t ;gftgL .
lgaf{w¿k]0f r ;f Joj:yf Xog'kfNot] ..@$..
jxfF s] k'/f]lxt ljz'4 cfq]o uf]q a|fXd0f x}+ . d/x§f a|fXd0f -d/7f a|fXd0f_ jxfF
b]jL efujt sf kf7 s/t] x}+ . ox ;'b[9 Joj:yf k"j{sfn ;] xL rnL cf /xL x} cf}/
ox Joj:yf lagf ls;L afwf jf Jojwfg s] kfng sL hftL /xL x} .
d'Vok"hsk"hfofM kZrfb]j lx k|Toxd\ .
k"holGt dxfb]jL+ eStf cGofM ;elStsfM ..@%..
w"k+ bLk+ kmn+ k'ik+ j:qfl0f r oy]R5of .
hgfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} eSTofk{olGt r ..@^..
d'Vo k'hf/L åf/f k"hf s/ lnP hfg] s] kZrft\ xL elQmdfg cGo eQmf]+ sf] k"hf
s/g] sf cj;/ ldn kftf x} . w"k, bLk, kmn, km"n, j:q ckgL z'l4 cg';f/
;f}efUo j:t'PF -r"8L, P]gf, 6Lsf, kf]t cflb_ eL eQmhg b]jL sf] clk{t s/t] x}+ .
5fus'Ss'6x+;fBf dlxiff aln¿ksfM .
oyfk|lt1+ bLoGt] b]Jof:t[KTo} hg}:;bf .. @&..
k|lt1ftf] alnM ls+ jf eSt+ k[R5lt k"hsM .
tbg';[To ;+sNkjrg+ tq k7Øt] ..@*..
ckgL dfgtf cg';f/ b]jL sL t[lKt s] lnP nf]u v'zL ;fy as/f, d'uf{, aQv, e}+;f
cflb sL aln b]t] x}+ . aln b]t] ;do k'hf/L eQm ;] k"5t] x}+ ls cfkg] sf]O{ dfgtf
s/ /vL x} of gxL+ cf}/ pgs] pQ/ cg';f/ xL jx ;+sNk jrg k9t] x}+ .
;dk{olGt s]lrQ' eStfM k~r anLg\ z'efg\ .
s'Ss'6R5fudlxifx+;d]ifflbsfg\ kz"g\ ..@(..
k"hf ljlzi6f ejlt tl:dg\ sfn] tblx{sf .
k~r}t] anoM qm]t'+ zSoGt] dlGb/flGts] ..#)..
s'5 eQm tf] d'uf{, as/f, e}+;f, avt, e]8 cflb ;lxt c;nL k~r aln xL r9ft]
x}+ . j};L k~r aln r9ft] ;do aln s] lnP xL pko'Qm ljz]if k"hf xf]tL x} . k~r
aln d]+ pNn]lvt ;eL ;fdu|L d+lb/ s] cf;kf; eL v/LbL hf ;stL x} .
kzf]lx{ aln¿k:o lz/f] u[X0fflt k"hsM .
g]jf/hflteSt]EoM lz/Zr k|ltbLot] ..#!..
k/Dk/f ot:t]iff+ lz/;f] df+;eIf0fd\ .
k/+ tby{+ t}M lsl~rb\ wg+ b]o+ eljiolt ..#@..
clgof{To wg+ zLif{+ lnK;'/fklQdfKg'oft\ .
tyf s[Tjf hgM slZrb\ d[t Pj]lt >"ot] ..##..
aln r9fo] uo] kz' sf lz/ k'hf/L sf] k|fKt xf]tf x} . g]jf/ hflt s] eQmf]+ sf] aln
kz' sf lz/ eL jfk; s/ lbof hftf x} Sof]+ls pg nf]uf]+ sL k/+k/f d]+ lz/ s] efu
sf df+; vfg] sL k|yf x} . k/+t' O; k|sf/ lz/ eL jfk; n]g] s] lnP pGx]+ k'hf/L
sf] s'5 k};] b]gf clgjfo{ x} . jx b]g lagf lbo] olb sf]O{ alnbfg s] kz' sf lz/
n] hftf x} tf] p; k/ lgZro xL sf]O{ a8L cfklQ cf k8tL x} . sxt] x}+ ls P];f
s/g] jfnf Ps cfbdL tf] tTsfn xL d/ uof yf .
bft+' o] g}j jf~5lGt b]Jo} kz'aln+ hgfM .
s"idf08+ jf gfl/s]nkmn+ t] Tjk{olGt lx ..#$..
hf] eQm b]jL sf] kz' aln gxL+ b]gf rfxt] j] s'Dx8f of gfl/on kmn xL r9ft] x}+ .
w"kbLkflbg}j]Bj:qk'ikkmnflg r .
eStfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} bblt e"kt] Û
s]lrR5«4fnjf] eStf wlgsfM zlStzflngM .
b]Jo} ;'j0f{/hte"if0ffGok{olGt r ..#%..
w"k, bLk, g}j]B, j:q, km"n, kmn cf}/ ;f}efUo–j:t'PF eL eQm nf]u b]jL sf] r9ft] x}+
. k/+t' s'5 >4fn' eQm hg, hf] wgL cf}/ zlQm ;+kGg x}+, j] :j0f{ jf rfFbL s]
cfe"if0f eL r9ft] x}+ .
k|ft/f/Eo k"hf t' ;fo+ko{Gtd]j lx .
lg/Gt/+ k|rnlt eStafx'Nosf/0fft\ ..#^..
k"hflj/fdM ;GWofof+ zÎ+ k|Wdfo ;"Rot] .
w"kbLkflbleM k"hf k"hs]g ;dfKot] ..#&..
;dfKtfof+ ;drf{of+ tbf åf/+ lgaWot] ..#*..
k"hf k|ftM sfn ;] z'¿ xf]s/ ;+Wof ts lg/+t/ rntL /xtL x} cf}/ eQmf]+ sL eL8
nuL /xtL x} . zfd xf] hfg] k/ z+v ahf s/ k"hf sfo{ aGb s/g] sL ;"rgf bL
hftL x} . k'hf/L w"k bLk lbvfs/ k"hf ;dfKt s/t] x}+ . k"hf s] ;dfKt xf]t] xL
d+lb/ sf åf/ eL aGb s/ lbof hftf x} .
;fodf/flqs] sfo{] kl/tM ;xeflugM .
>4of elStdGtf] lx hgf cfoflGt dlGb/] ..#(..
k|HHjnøo jlt{sf:t] b]Jof cf/flqs+ z'ed\ .
s'j{lGt z'4dg;M ;fo+sfn] ;dflxtfM ..$)..
zfd sL cf/tL d]+ cf;kf; /xg] jfn] >4fn' eQm hg ;xefuL xf]g] cft] x}+ . z'4
x[bo s] o] >4fn' hg zfd sf] hdf xf]s/ :jo+ eL bLo] hnf s/ b]jL sL z'e
cf/tL ptf/t] x}+ .
s]lrb\ bLk+ HjfnolGt ;elSt+ nIfjlt{sfd\ .
;'w"kk'ikj:qflbkmnwfGofIft}o'{td\ ..$@..
sO{ cR5] eQm hg tf] elQmk"j{s w"k, km"n, j:q, kmn, wfGo cIft cflb ;] k"hf s]
;fy nfv aQL eL hnft] x}+ .
OTy+ lx k|Tox+ k"hf b]Jof eSt}lj{wLot] .
k/+ k"hf ljz]if]0f zgf} ef}d] r jf;/] ..$#..
O; k|sf/ eQm hg b]jL sL k"hf tf] k|ltlbg s/t] x}F, k/ zlgjf/ cf}/ d+unjf/ sL
k"hf ljz]if xf]tL x}+ .
ci6Dof+ jf gjDof+ jf rt'b{Zofdyflk jf .
k"hfljz]iftf]˜DafofM lqmot] tq dlGb/] ..$$..
ci6dL, gjdL cf}/ rt'b{zL s] lbg d+lb/ d]+ dgsfdgf dfO{ sL k"hf ljz]if k|sf/ ;]
xf]tL x} .
k"hf >fj0f;+qmfGTof+ ;ljz]iff ljwLot] .
;fodf/flqs+ tl:dg\ lbg] r}j oyfljlw ..$%..
tTkZrfb\ tl2g] tqf]Nd'sk"hf ljwLot] .
sf08f/s:o k"hf lx nf]s] ejlt tl2g] ..$^..
>fj0f dxLg] sL ;+qmflGt sf] ljz]if k"hf xf]tL x} . ;f+em sL cf/tL p; lbg eL
xd]zf sL t/x xf]tL x}, n]lsg p; lbg /f+sf] -dzfn_ sL eL k"hf sL hftL x} cf}/
sf08f/s -/fIf; ljz]if_ sL k"hf sL hftL x} -tyf clUg :km'lnË km]+s] hft] x}+_ .
sf08f/s gfds /fIf; s] clgi6 ;] /Iff x]t' ox ljlw sL hftL x} . lh; d]+ p;s]
k|tLs:j¿k Ps ntf, lh;] g]kfn d]+ d;fnf d]+ eL k|of]u s/t] x}+, p;sL k"hf sL
hft x} .
>fj0f] dfl; g hg}a{lnbfg+ ljwLot] .
tyf rflZjgdf;:o s[i0fkIf] sbflk gf] .
otf]˜;f} lkt[kIff] lx lkt[>f4fo slNktM ..$&..
>fj0f dxLgf e/ d+lb/ d]+ alnbfg gxL+ lbof hftf . p;L k|sf/ cflZjg dxLgf s]
s[i0f kIf d]+ eL alnbfg gxL+ lbof hftf . Sof]+ls O; d]+ lkt/f]+ sf >f4 lso] hfg]
s] sf/0f O;] lkt[kIf dfgf uof x} .
PsfbZof+ tyf bz{] lzj/fqf} ty}j r .
alnbfg+ dxfb]Jo} tq g}j ljwLot] ..$*..
PsbzL, cdfj:of ltlyof]+ sf] cf}/ p;L k|sf/ lzj/flq sf] eL b]jL sf] jxfF aln
gxL+ bL hftL .
PsfbzL Xofdfjf:of lbgåoldtf obf .
tbf låtLo+ lbj;+ jfo{t] tq k"hg] ..$(..
PsfbzL cyjf cdfj:of sL ltlyofF olb bf] lbg k8 hfo tf] b";/] lbg sf] 5f]8
lbof hftf x} . cyf{t\ kxn] lbg aln gxL+ bL hftL, n]lsg b";/] lbg aln bL hftL
x} .
lgTo+ ljwLot] of t' lgTok"h]lt sYot] .
tyf kj{;' of k"hf ;f ljlzi6]lt dGot] ..%)..
k|lt lbg sL hfg] jfnL k"hf sL ælgTok"hfÚÚ sxt] x}+ . p;L k|sf/ kj{ s] lbgf]+ d]+
sL hfg] jfnL k"hf sf] æljz]if kj{k"hfÚÚ sxt] x}+ .
ci6dLk~rdLkj{k"hf tq ljwLot] .
rt'b{zLkf}0f{df:of]M ;+qmfGTof+ ;k/Dk/fd\ .
Ptfb[s\ kj{k¨hfy{+ Joj:yf˜l:t s[tf g[k}M ..%!..
ci6dL cf}/ k+rdL sf] kj{k"hf sL hftL x} . rt'b{zL, k"l0f{df cf}/ ;+qmflGt sf] eL
k/+k/f cg';f/ kj{ k"hf xf]tL x} . P];L k"hf s] lnP kxn] s] /fhfcf]+ g] cnu ;]
;DklQ u'7L -6«:6_ s/s] kof{Kt Joj:yf s/ /vL x} .
rft'df{:o]if' k'0o]if' b]jLefujt+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/k|fË0f] k'0o] lgTo+ k7lt a|fXd0fM ..%@..
kljq rt'df{; -;fjg, efbf], cflZjg, sflt{s_ dxLg] d]+ b]jL d+lb/ s] k|f+u0f d]+
a|fXd0f åf/f b]jL efujt sf kf7 lsof hftf x} .
z/Tsfn] dxfk"hf gj/fqf} ljwLot] .
dlxifR5fux+;fgf+ alnbfg}lj{z]iftM ..%#..
uf]/vf/fhu[xtM k"hf;fdUo|dKo{t] .
rt'ZztfAbk|frLgf XoljlR5Ggf k/Dk/f ..%$..
z/t\sfn s] gj/fq e/ b]jL sL dxfk"hf sL hftL x} . e}+;f, as/f, aQv cflb sL
aln b]s/ ljz]if k"hf xf]tL x} . uf]/vf b/af/ ;] k"hf ;fdu|L ;dlk{t sL hftL x} .
rf/ ;f} jif{ k'/fgL ox k/+k/f cfh ts c6"6 ¿k ;] rnL cf /xL x} .
Pj+ ljz]ifk"hf˜lk r}qz'Snfi6dLltyf} .
dlxifR5fux+;flbalnbfg}lj{wLot] ..%%..
O;L k|sf/ r}q z'Sn ci6dL ltly sf] eL e}+;f, as/f, aQv, cflb sL aln b]s/
ljz]if k"hf sL hftL x} .
k|ltjif{+ dfu{s[i0fk~rDof+ uf]li7k~rdL .
ljVoftf of kj{d]nf tq}jfof]Hot] z'ef .
uf]i7L;+:yfg]g d]nf ;f tqfof]Hot] tbf ..%^..
k|lt jif{ dfu{ s[i0f k+rdL ltly sf] u'7Lk+rdL s] gfd ;] k|l;4 kj{ k/ hf] d]nf
nutf x} p;sf cfof]hg jxfF u'7L ;+:yfg -;/sf/L wfld{s 6«:6_ xL s/tf x} .
jif{aGwgk"hf t' lzi6}af{}4k'/f]lxt}M .
sflGtk'of{M lå/fuTo lqmot] k|ltxfogd\ ..%&..
pmh{z'Snrt'b{Zof cf/Eo jif{aGwgd\ .
ofjGdfu{zLif{z'Snk~rdL+ lqmot]˜x{0ff ..%*..
j}zfvz'SnkIf]˜lk låtLo+ jif{aGwgd \ .
rt'{b{ZofM ;df/Eo Ho]i7s[i0ffi6dLk/d\ ..%(..
OTy+ ;dx{0f+ b]JofM lqmot] jif{aGwgd\ ..^)..
b";/L Ps ljz]if k"hf xf]tL x} lh;] æjif{aGwg k"hfÚÚ sxt] x}+ . ox k"hf sf7df+8" ;]
cfP ljlzi6 af}4 k'/f]lxt -u'efh'_ nf]u s/t] x}F, hf] jxfF k|ltjif{ bf] af/ cft] x}F .
Ps æjif{aGwg k"hfÚÚ sflt{s z'Sn rt'b{zL ;] z'¿ s/ dfu{ -cu|x0f_ z'Sn k+rdL
ts sL hftL x} . b";/L æjif{aGwg k"hfÚÚ j}zfv z'Sn kIf d]+ sL hftL x} . ox k"hf
j}zfv z'Sn rt'b{zL ;] z'¿ xf]s/ Ho]i7 s[i0ffi6dL ts xf]tL x} . O; k|sf/ b]jL
sL æjif{aGwg k"hfÚÚ sL hftL x} .
/fhf]jfr
ljwLot] sy+ k"hf b]Jof af}4}u'{efh'leM .
s]jn+ lxGbjM k"hf+ s'j{GtLlt dof >'td\ ..^!..
k/+ /x:od]t:o ;j{+ jb låhf]Qd .
>j0f]g ljgf Tjq lj/fd+ g}j d] dgM .
k|fKgf]lt t:dfb\ x] ljåg\ jb d] lj:t[tf+ syfd\ ..^@..
/fhf g] k"5f – dgsfdgf b]jL sL k"hf af}4 u'efh'cf]+ åf/f s};] sL hftL x} < s]jn
lxGb" nf]u xL k"hf s/t] x}+, P];f d}Fg]] ;'gf yf . k/+t' x] a|fXd0ff]+ d]+ >]i7 u'?b]j, O;
af}4 k"hf s] ;eL /x:o d'em] atfPF . O; ljifo d]+ lagf ;'g] d]/] dg sf] lj>fd
gxL+ ldn]uf . ctM x] ljåfg\, d'em] jx ;a lj:tf/ ;] sx]+ .
u'??jfr
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]˜hlg .
g]kfn/fi6«:kmLtLs[b\ b]Jof eStf] ljrIf0fM ..^#..
u'? g] sxf – g]kfn /fi6« sf lj:tf/ s/g] jfn] /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx k[YjL k/
gf/fo0f s] ¿k d]+ hGd] y] . jx b]jL s] eQm cf}/ cToGt a'l4dfg y] .
obf sflGtk'/L t]g ljlhtf˜;LGdxfTdgf .
k"hf Go"gf˜g'e"tf˜e"b \ b]Jof tT;]gof r x ..^$..
ha p; dxfg\ cfTdf jfn] /fhf g] sf+ltk'/ ljho sL tf] dgsfdgf b]jL g] cf}/
pgs] u0ff]+ g] eL ckgL k"hf sd xf]g] sL aft cg'ej sL .
lhtf sflGtk'/L tq o'4+ g}jfejb\ ax' .
sflGtk'/L zflGtk'/L hftf t:o kl/u|xft\ ..^%..
g}sf] hgf]˜ejB'4] sflGtk'of{+ xtfxtM .
s'df/L :jfut+ rqm] 6Lsf+ bTjf lx e"e[t] ..^^..
b]Jof andt[Kt+ ;g\ ttif{ ?lw/+ ax' ..^&..
sf+ltk'/L hLt nL uO{ . p;d]+ clws o'4 gxL+ x'cf . pgs] åf/f hLt n]g] s] kZrft\
sf+ltk'/L Psbd zf+ltk'/L xf] uO{ . p; o'4 d]+ Ps eL cfbdL xtfxt gxL+ x'cf .
s'df/L g] 6Lsf nufs/ /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx sf :jfut lsof . O; sf/0f b]jL s]
u0f ct[Kt /x uo] y] cf}/ /Qm s] Kof;] y] .
cg]sfM 36gf hftf dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..
If'Awf hgf d"lR5{tfZr klttfM v]bdfl:ytfM ..^*..
hgf uTjf ttf] e"k+ 36gf+ tf+ Goj]bog\ .
g[kZr lj1fg\ k'?iffg\ tflGqsfglk k[i6jfg\ ..^(..
lsd]tb\ jf sy+ hftf 36gf tq tfb[zL <
syÍf/+ t"krf/+ lqmot] tb\ jbGt' gM ..&)..
p;s] afb dgsfdgf d+lb/ s] cf;kf; cg]s 36gfPF xf]g] nuL+ . nf]uf]+ sf]
3a/fx6, d"5f{, n8v8fs/ lu/ k8gf, ls+st{Joljd"9 xf]s/ a}7 /xgf cflb cgxf]gL
aft]+ xf]g] nuL+ . p;s] afb hgtf /fhf s] ;dIf O; 36gf s] ;+a+w d]+ lgj]bg
s/g] kx'FrL . lkm/ /fhf g] eL k+l8t, cf]emf tyf tf+lqsf]+ ;] k"5f – ox Sof x'cf x}
cf}/ jxfF P];L 36gfPF Sof]+ 36 /xL x} < p;sf pkrf/ Sof x} < ;f/L aft]+ d'em]
aftfPF .
af}4}u'{efh'le3f{]/}:tflGqs}lj{lgj]lbtd\ .
b]Jof ljz]ifk"hf lx st{Jof jif{aGwgf ..&!..
tGq ljBf s] >]i7 1ftf hf] af}4 u'efh' nf]u y] pGxf]+g] sxf ls b]jL sL jif{aGwg
gfds ljz]if k"hf s/gL k8]uL .
ttf] g[kf] bbfjf1f+ tfg\ ljlzi6fg\ k'/f]lxtfg\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hf+ st'{+ oyfljlw ..&@..
OTy+ e"ldkt]/f1f+ k|fKo tflGqsk"hsfM .
uf]/vf+ sflGtk'/tf] utfM k"hfk|of]hgfM ..&#..
p;s] afb /fhf g] pg ljlzi6 k'/f]lxtf]+ -af}4 u'efh' nf]uf]+_ sf] t'/+t dgsfdgf
dfO{ sL ljlwk"j{s k"hf s/g] sL cf1f bL . O; k|sf/ /fhf sL cf1f kfs/
dgsfdgf b]jL sL k"hf s/g] x]t' j] tf+lqs k'hf/L nf]u sf+ltk'/ ;] uf]/vf uo] .
cf;Lb]s:tflGqs:t' ;j{l;l4;dfo'tM .
b]JofM k"hgsfo{+ ; hfgflt eSt;QdM ..&$..
k"hog\ ; dxfb]jL+ d'08dfnflje"liftfd\ .
pTkfB dfg;+ dTo{+ alnbfg+ ; rfs/f]t\ ..&%..
k/Dk/futf jftf{ >"ot]˜Bflk tfb[zL .
k/+ ttf] g/alng{}j b]Jo} k|bLot] ..&^..
pgd]+ Ps tf+lqs tf] ;Dk"0f{ l;l4 ;] o'Qm y] . eQmf]+ d]+ ;jf{]Qd jxL b]jL sL k"hf
enL ef+lt s/gf hfgt] y] . d'08nLdfnflje"lift dxfb]jL sL k"hf s/t]–s/t]
pGxf]+g] dfg; dg'io k}bf s/s] alnbfg eL lsof . p; k/+k/fut aft sL rrf{
cfh ts ;'gg] d]+ cftL x} . n]lsg p;s] afb b]jL sf] g/aln seL gxL+ bL uO{ .
ttM ;df/Eo k"hf lqmot] jif{aGwgf .
j}zfv] sflt{s] af}4}lå{jf/+ k|ltxfogd\ ..&&..
zfGtf dgMsfdgf ;f jif{aGwgk"hof ..&*..
p; ;do ;] k|ltjif{ af}4 u'efh'cf]+ åf/f a}zfv cf}/ sflt{s dxLg] d]+ bf] af/
æjif{aGwg k"hfÚÚ sL hftL x} . p; k|sf/ sL æjif{aGwg k"hfÚÚ ;] dgsfdgf dfO{
zf+t x'O{ .
Pj+ af}4f:tyf zfStfM k|Tox+ k"holGt tfd\ .
dft/+ zflGtbf+ zlSt+ ;j{sf?0o¿lk0fLd\ ..&(..
O; k|sf/ af}4 tyf zfQmf]+ åf/f k|ltlbg zf+ltbflogL, zlQmbflogL, s?0ff¿lk0fL
dftf dgsfdgf sL k"hf xf]tL x} .
o] kzf]a{lnbfg+ t' st'{+ g]R5lGt ;flTjsfM .
gfl/s]nkmn+ b]Jo} rfk{olGt ;dx{0f] ..*)..
hf] ;flTjs eQm hg kz' alnbfg s/gf gxL+ rfxt] x} j] nf]u b]jL sf] gfl/on kmn
eL ck{0f s/t] x}F .
Pj+ k|ltlbg+ dft'j{if{ko{Gtd]j lx ..
g}kfn}ef{/tLo}Zr eSt}M k"hf ljwLot] ..*!..
O; k|sf/ jif{ e/ k|To]s lbg g]kfn cf}/ ef/t s] xhf/f]+ eQm elQmo'Qm xf]s/
b]jLsL k"hf s/t] x}+ .
wlggf] ax'd"Noe"if0f}/wgfM kqhnk|;"gs}M .
dxolGt ;elSt dft/+ ;db[i6ØflDasof ;'/lIftfM ..*@..
alnleM ;d'kf;t] slt kmnk'ik}M ;d'kf;t]˜k/] .
;db[u\ hggL ;'tfg\ ;dfg\ j/bfg]g s[tfy{oToxf] ..*#..
dft[:j¿kf b]jL sL k"hf wgL nf]u elQmk"j{s ax'd"No cfe"if0f r9fs/ tyf u/Lj
nf]u kQL, hn, km"n ;] s/t] x}+ . k/+t' pg ;af]+ k/ dftf ;dfg b[li6 /vtL x}+
cf}/ ;+/If0f s/tL x}+ .
s'5 aln r9fs/ tf] s'5 kmn–km"n xL r9fs/ dft[:j¿kfb]jL sL k"hf tyf
pkf;gf s/t] x}+ . ;db[li6 jfnL dftf ;af]+ sf] ckgL ;+tfg s] ;dfg dfgtL x}+
cf}/ j/bfg b]s/ s[tfy{ s/tL x}+
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] k"hfj0f{g+
gfd ifi7f]˜WofoM ..^..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ;Ktdf]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/+ ;'dgf]x/d\ .
:tDe}M ;'sfi7}n{lnt}l/i6sflelQleb[{9d\ ..!..
;'j0f{åf/kmns+ :j0f{lnKtR5b+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/+ kl/tf] 306fM b[ZoGt] tq zf]letfM ..@..
s]g wdf{Tdgf ;j{] t] tq :yflktf u'/f] Û
ejtM >f]t'ldR5fld kljqjbgfDa'hft\ ..#..
/fhf g] k|Zg lsof – dgsfdgf b]jL s] cToGt dgf]x/ d+lb/ s] dgf]/d :tDe cR5]
sfi7 s], bLjf/]+ O{6f]+ ;] lgld{t dha"t, åf/ s] k6 :j0f{ s] tyf 5t ;f]g] sL agL
x'O{ ;eL ax't xL ;'Gb/ x}+ . d+lb/ s] afx/–eLt/ ;'Gb/ 3+6] zf]efodfg xf]t] lbvfO{
k8 /x] x}+ . x] u'?, ls; wdf{Tdf g] pg ;a rLhf]+ sf] jxfF :yflkt lsof < cfks]
kljq d'vf/ljGb ;] ;'ggf rfxtf xF" .
u'??jfr
ob\ b]Jof dlGb/+ b[i6+ /fhg\ ;j{}h{g}M ;bf .
tTk|frLgtd+ ¿k+ nId0f]g ljlgld{td\ .
k/d]0f t' l;4]g du/]0f dxfTdgf ..$..
u'? g] sxf – x] /fhg\, b]jL sf d+lb/ hf] ;bf ;] nf]u b]vt] /x] x}+ . p;sf
k|frLgtd ¿k k/d l;4 dxfTdf nId0f yfkf du/ åf/f lgld{t yf .
k/+ k[YjLktL /fhf dxfTdf wfld{sM ;'wLM .
zf]eg+ dlGb/+ tq ;b\eSTof lg/dLot ..%..
n]lsg /fhf k[YjLklt ;fx dxfTdf, wfld{s cf}/ ljåfg xf]g] s] sf/0f pGxf]+g]
elQmk"j{s p;L :yfg k/ afb d]+ ;'Gb/ d+lb/ agfof .
dlGb/] åf/d]s+ ob\ b[Zot] :j0f{dl08td\ .
z"/jL/]0f jL/]0f /fgfj+Zo]g lgld{td\ ..
t:o tqflen]vZr /fht] ?lr/f]˜w'gf ..^..
d+lb/ d]+ hf] Ps ;'j0f{ lgld{t åf/ lbvfoL b]tf x}, jx tf] z"/jL/ gfd s] /fgf j+z
s] Ps du/ g] agfof yf . jxfF p;sf clen]v ceL eL k9f hf ;stf x} .
uf]vf{Vo] gu/] g[k:o ;ljw] h}/fh/fgf˜ejt \ .
tTk'qf] g[j/f] g[k]Gb|;lrjM >Lj+;'/fgf Xoe"t\ ..
tTk'qM ;d/]if' vl08tk/M ;+u|fdz"/M ;bf
bftf eft[snqk'q;lxtM >Lz"/jL/f]˜hlg ..&..
e|ft[leM s[i0fjL/fB}M ;lxtM ;fDk|t+ o'jf .
;'j0f{lgld{t+ åf/+ :yflkt+ b]jtfu|tM ..*..
j]bg]qd'lge"o'tzfs] r}qs[i0fz'eifli7o't]˜Ab] .
rGb|jf/;lxt] z'esfn] :yflkt+ sgsåf/db\e'td\ ..(..
uf]/vf gfds gu/ d]+ /fhf s] ;fy h}/fh /fgf y] . pgs] k'q j+;' /fgf /fhf s]
;lrj -d+qL_ x'P hf] sfkmL cR5] JolQm y] . pgs] k'q z"/jL/ gfd s] x'P hf] n8fO{
d]+ ;b}j zq' sf] df/g] jfn] ;+u|fdz"/ s] ¿k hfg] hft] y] . jx a8] bfgL y] . pgs]
efO{, kTgL, k'q ;eL y] . p;L o'jf g] s[i0fjL/ cflb gfds ckg] efOof]+ ;lxt b]jL
k|lt elQm cf}/ >4f;lxt :j0f{ lgld{t åf/ sf] :yflkt lsof . zs ;+jt\ !&@$
;fn r}q s[i0f ifi7L ;f]djf/ s] lbg z'e sfn d]+ O; cb\e't\ :j0f{ åf/ sf] pGxf]+n]
:yflkt lsof .
dlGb/fu|] tyf l;+xf] b]Jof cb\e'tjfxgM
uËfaxfb"/jL/flk{tf] jj{lt{ tq lx .
oyf t:oflen]vf]˜lk kl7t'+ zSot] hg}M ..!)..
p;L k|sf/ d+lb/ s] cfu] b]jL sf cb\e't jfxg l;+x hf] zf]efodfg xf] /xf x} p;]
u+ufaxfb'/ jL/ g] clk{t lsof yf . o; ;+a+w d]+ clen]v jxfF k9f hf ;stf x} .
æ>Ldb\uËfaxfb"/ Olt ;'s[ltgf rLkms0f{]ngfDgf .
df;]˜l:dg\ j}qmdfAb] /;j;'gje";+ldt] rflZjg]˜4f .
k|LTo} l;+xf] Goj]lb lqhult lx dgMsfdg] t] dof˜o+
eSt+ bLg+ j/]K;+' r/0fz/0fu+ kflx dft/\ gd:t] ..!!..
rLkm\ s0f{]n egL a8f eut >LuËfaxfb"/n]
p08}:;f} / 5ofl; ;+jtdxfF ck{0f\ u/]+ elStn] ..
x] dftf dgsfdgf xh'/sf l;+x} r/0f\df /xf];\ .
j/\ OR5ful/ eSt 5" r/0fdf /Iff ;bf ug'{xf];\ ..!@..
;lGt aXJo:tq 306fZrflk{tfM ax'leh{g}M .
p§lÍtflg gfdflg b[ZoGt] 3l06sf;' r ..!#..
jxfF cg]s nf]uf]+ åf/f ck{0f lso] uo] 306] eL x}F+ cf}/ k|To]s k/ 3+6f k|bfg s/g]
jfn] b]jL s] eQm sf gfd c+lst x} .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kf] 306f+ /Dofdltli7kt\ .
:yfgfkGgf˜l:t efUgfof 306fof:t:o e"kt]M ..!$..
/fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx g] Ps ;'Gb/ 3+6f clk{t lsof yf . k/+t' pgs] åf/f clk{t
jx 3+6f afb d]+ km"6 uof yf . ctM p;s] :yfg k/ gof 3+6f ceL jxfF x} .
OTy+ r >"ot] k[YjLgf/fo0fdxLkltM .
dxf/f¡ofM s0f{kfz:j0f{ ;Dd]No uh'{/d\ ..!%..
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/:o R5b]˜s/f]t \ .
sLb[Zof;LGg' tb\elStb]{Jof Olt k|tLot] ..
sLb[s\ r t:o ;fkmNo+ b]Jof j/k|;fbtM ..!^..
ox eL ;'gg] d]+ cftf x} ls /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx g] dxf/fgL s] s0f{kfz -sfg s]
cfe"if0f_ sf ;f]gf cGo :j0f{ s] ;fy ldnfs/ :j0f{ uh'/ -:j0f{ snz_ agjfof
cf}/ p;] dgsfdgf b]jL s] d+lb/ sL 5t k/ ;elQm :yflkt lsof yf . b]jL
dgsfdgf k|lt k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx sL cf;Ld elQm sf O;L ;] ktf rntf x} . ;fy
xL pGx]+ dgsfdgf b]jL s] k|;fb ;] ldnL ;kmntf eL k|sflzt xf]tL x} .
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof b"/] eSt}M ;'k"lhtd\ .
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ >"ot] lj6k}j{[td\ ..!&..
>f]t'ldR5fld dfxfTDo+ t:o lnË:o ef] u'/f] .
a|"lx tt\ s[kof ljåg\ df+ ;j{+ ;j{ljQd ..!*..
/fhf g] k"5f – ;'gt] x}+ ls dgsfdgf b]jL ;] s'5 xL b"/L k/ eQmf]+ åf/f cToGt
k"lht jqm]Zj/ gfds dxfg\ kljq lnË x} hf] j[Iff]+ s] aLr 9sf x'cf x} . x] u'?b]j,
d}+ p; lnËsf dfxfTDo ;'ggf rfxtf x"F . ;f/L aft]+ hfgsf/L /vg]jfnf]+ d]+ cfk
>]i7 x}+ . O;LlnP x] ljåfg\, cfk j] ;f/L aft]+ d'em] atfPF .
u??jfr
;fw' k[i6+ dxf/fh Û elSto'St]g r]t;f .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËljifo] ejtf˜w'gf ..
a|jLDox+ tb\ljifo] ejGt+ elStefljtd\ .. !(..
u'? g] sxf – /fhg\ ckg] elQmo'Qm lrQ ;] ceL hf] jqm]Zj/ dxflnË s] ;+a+w d]+
lh1f;f e/f k|Zg lsof x}, jx clt pQd x} . /fhg\, cfk elQm efj ;] o'Qm x[bo
jfn] JolQm x}F . O;lnP d}F p; ljifo d]+ cfksf] atftf x"F .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof pQ/:of+ lblz l:yt] .
qmf]zb"/]˜l:t g[kt] Xo'Rr}M kj{td:ts] ..@)..
jqm]Zj/dxflnË lznf¿k]0f rf]lTytd\ .
lznf:j¿kf tq}j l:ytf jqm]Zj/L z'ef ..@!..
jqm]Zj/fVof˜l:t z'ef gfltb"/l:ytf b/L .
Psf] of]uL lgj;t] tq lgToflUg;]jsM ..@#..
x] /fhg\ b]jL dgsfdgf sL pQ/ lbzf d]+ jxfF ;] Ps sf]; b"/ pmFr] kj{t s] lzv/
k/ jqm]Zj/ dxflnË lznf ¿k d]+ v8] x}+ . jxL+ p;L lnË s] ;dLk lznf ¿kd]+
jqm]Zj/L eL x}+ . jxL+ yf]8L b"/ cfu] hfg] k/ jqm]Zj/ u'kmf eL ldntL x} hxfF Ps
of]uL lgTo w'gL hnfs/ /xt] x}+ .
nId0ffo bbf} l;l4+ u'?uf]/If OTolk .
>"ot] t]g tT:yfg+ k"Ho+ l;l4o't+ dtd\ ..@$..
cjfu\ olx{ ej]b\ afnf] ax'sfndlk :jtM .
jqm]Zjof{ bz{g]g jfrfnf] ejlt :km'6d\ . @%..
sxt] x}+ ls nId0f yfkf -nvg yfkf_ sf] u'? uf]/vfgfy g] jxL+ l;l4 k|bfg sL yL
. O;LlnP jx :yfg k"Ho cf}/ l;l4o'Qm dfgf hftf x} . olb sf]O{ afns sfkmL
;do aLt hfg] k/ eL :jtM gxL+ af]n] tf] P];L wf/0ff x} ls jqm]Zj/L s] bz{g ;]
jx af]ng] nutf x} .
efb|z'Snt[tLofof+ d]nf ejlt zf]egf .
k"hf+ s'j{lGt dlxnfM kfj{tLk/d]Zj/f} ..@^..
jxfF efb| z'Sn t[tLof -tLh_ sf] a8f d]nf nutf x} . dlxnfPF lzj–kfj{tL sL jxfF
k"hf s/tL x}+ .
lzj/fqf} r ;b\eStf:tqTofM ;j{hftoM .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËdr{lGt hfu/j|tfM ..@&..
lzj/flq sf] eL p; If]q d]+ /xg] jfn] ;eL hflt s] ;b\eQm hg /flq–hfu/0f s/
jqm]Zj/ dxflnË sL k"hf s/t] x}+ .
jqm]Zj/+ gfd lzjf]?lnËs+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f k"lhtd\ .
k|k"Ho eStf] net] ;'t+ wg+
ljBf+ ozM ;j{hg}/eLlK;td\ ..@*..
jqm]Zj/ gfds jx pQd Pj+ dxfg\ lzjlnË l;4 nvg yfkf du/ åf/f k"lht xf]
r'sf x} . p; lzjlnË sL k"hf s/g] jfn] eQmhg sf] k'q, wg, ljBf tyf ;af]+ sL
cfsf+Iff s] cg'¿k cyf{t\ nf]s d]+ cfb/ k|fKt sLlt{} sL pknlAw xf]tL x} .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfkl/;/j0f{g+
gfd ;Ktdf]˜WofoM ..&..
ç
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgf:tf]qd\ ..
zdolt s?0ff t] sf/0f+ sf/0ffgfd\
eujlt ejtfkfb]lt eQmZr d'lQmd\ .
b[u'lbtdw'/fef–efhg+ ;+ljwft'+
kbgtlz/;+ df+ dft/Lzflg kZo ..!..
hult dl0fl/jfef›fd;fxJoj:yf
ljnl;tgog'Gg+ oRr uf]/If/fi6«d\ .
ljljwa'wjrf]lej{l0f{t+ /fd/fHo+
Xo'kldtdlk t]g TjTs[k}jfq x]t'M ..@..
Obdhlg ;'/fi6«+ TjTs[kfof lgbfgf
bljtdljty+ t] :g]xk"0f}{M s6fIf}M .
ljsl;tdlk e"oft\ TjTs[kftf] ejflg
jodlk ;jo:of hfu[ofdf˜q /fi6«] ..#..
joldx gokfnfM :df]˜lvnf:TjQg"hf–
Zr/0fz/0fuf:t] k|fy{gf ;f}dg:ofM ..
Ot/ljlxt/fi6«e|i6sfo{ lgxTo
ljt/ anddf]3+ /fi6«lgdf{0fo1] ..$..
hult ob'knAw+ ef] dgMsfdg]˜Da
tblvnddn:t]˜g'u|x:o}j kfsM .
k|0fdlt r/0ff} t] afnsf] elQmk"0f{
:Tjdt'ndltzQmL d] k|bft'+ bo:j ..%..
Olt >Lho/fhfrfo{s[t+
dgMsfdgf:tf]q+ ;dfKtd\ ..
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDod\
>Lho/fhfrfo{lj/lrtd\
g]kfnL efiff cg¦jfb;lxt
8f= ho/fh cfrfo{
ljifo ;"rL
cWofo ! uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{gd\
-uf]/vf k|b]zsf] j0f{g_
cWofo @ dgMsfdgf]TklQj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfsf] pTklQsf] j0f{g_
cWofo # dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfsf] dlGb/sf b]jtfx¿sf] j0f{g_
cWofo $ nvGykftLyf{6gl;4u'xfj0f{gd\
-nvg yfkfsf] tLyf{6g / l;4 u'kmfsf] j0f{g_
cWofo % dgMsfdgfelQmkmnj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfsf] elStsf] kmn j0f{g_
cWofo ^ dgMsfdgfk"hfj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfsf] k"hfsf] j0f{g_
cWofo & dgMsfdgfkl/;j0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfsf] j/k/sf] j0f{g_
kl/lzi6d\ dgMsfdgf:tf]qd\
-dgsfdgfsf] :tf]q_
ç
>Lu0f]zfo gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k|ydf]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgfb]jL t:of dfxfTDod'Qdd\ .
>f]t'sfdf]ŕl:d d] ;j{+ ;]ltxf;+ u'/f] jb .. ! ..
/fhfaf6 /f]wgL eof] Ŗ b]jL dgsfdgfsf] dfxfTDo ;'Gg d pT;'s 5' . To;sf/0f x]
u'?, Oltxf; ;lxtsf] Tof] ;j} dfxfTDo dnfO{ eGg'xf];\ .
u'??jfr
dxfef/tjif{:o dWo] e'jgk"lht] .
cfof{jt{M k'0oe"ldd{Wo+ ljGWolxdfnof]M .. @ ..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ ljZjel/ g} k"Ho dflgPsf] dxfef/tjif{sf] aLrdf /x]sf] lxdfno /
ljGWofrn aLrsf] efunfO{ k'0oe"ld cfof{jt{ elgG5 .
cfof{jt{:of]Q/:of+ lblz eflt lxdfrnM .
t:ofŕl:t blIf0f] rfÍ] /fi6+« g]kfn;+1sd \ ..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fHoldlt >'td\ ..#..
cfof{jt{sf] pQ/ efudf lxdfno kj{t zf]efodfg 5 . To;sf] blIf0f sfvdf g]kfn
gfds /fi6« klg 5 h'g ljZjdf Ps dfq lxGb" /fi6« egL k|l;4 5 .
g]kfn/fi6«dWo:yf] uf]/vf jL/d08n M .
Gofok|bfg] :jftGœo] rfŕ:t] Voftf] dxLtn] .. $ ..
g]kfn /fi6«sf] aLrdf /x]sf] jL/ k'?ifx¿sf] uf]/vf lhNnf ljZjdf g} k|l;4 5 . Gofo
k|bfg ug{df / :jtGqtfsf ljifodf k[YjLdf k|Voft 5 .
lqz"nLsd{bfdWo] gfgflzvl/lej[{tM .
;j[4u08sLgfgflgDgufleZr l;l~rtM .. %..
lqz"nL / d:of{ª\bL gbLsf] aLrdf w]/} 8fF8fŖsfF8fx¿n] 9flsPsf] of] k|b]z a"9L u08sL
cflb gfd ul/Psf c¿ w]/} gbLx¿n] l;l~rt 5 .
lxds"6fb\ ljlgu{To blIf0f] k|jxlGt ofM .
gB:tfM k'0oe"ld+ tf+ l;~rlGt k|f~hn}h{n}M ..^..
lxdfnosf] lzv/af6 lg:s]/ blIf0flt/ axg] h'g gbLx¿ 5g\ ltgn] Tof] k'0o e"ld
uf]/vfnfO{ ;kmf kfgLn] l;+r]sf 5g\ .
uf]/vfVof] hgkbf] b|Jo;fx;'zfl;tM .
uf]ljk|of] /IfsTjfb\ wd{/If pbL/LtM ..&..
b|Jo;fxb]lv c;n zf;g kfPsf] uf]/vf k|b]z ufO{, a|fXd0fsf] /Ifs x'gfn] wd{sf] /Ifs
egL sxlnPsf] lyof] .
b|Jokf}qf] /fd;fxf] /fd/fHoljwfosM .
Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uR5]b\ uf]/vfldToVofkot\ ..*..
b|Jo;fxsf gftL /fd;fxn] t /fd/fHo g} agfP / To;}af6 æGofo x/fP uf]/vf hfg"ÚÚ
eGg] plSt k|l;4 eof] .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] hftf] uf]/Ife"klto{bf .
k[YJof+ gf/fo0f]g}j hGd k|fKtldjfejt\ ..(..
uf]/vfsf /fhf eP/ ha k[YjLgf/fo0f hlGdP ta t k[YjLdf gf/fo0fn] g} hGd lnP
h:tf] eof] .
lxGb"/fi6«dljR5]B+ ljZjljQ+ ljlwT;'gf .
t]g e"nf]skfn]g g]kfnf] ljk'nLs[t M ..!)..
åflj+zltrt'lj{zTofboM snxlk|ofM .
;j{]ŕKo]s}szf] e"kf lglh{tfM s/bLs[tfM ..!!..
Ps ljZjk|l;4 / cljR5]B lxGb" /fi6« agfpg rfxg] ltg} dxfg\ /fhfn] g]kfnnfO{ 7"nf]
agfP . jfO{;L rf}la;L cfk;df snx ug{ dfq ?rfpg] ;a} ;fgfŖ;fgf /fhfx¿nfO{
lht]/ s/ a'emfpg' kg{] u/L ltgnfO{ jzdf NofP .
g]kfn/fi6«lgdf{0f] sf/0f+ uf]/vfŕejt \ .
ttM k|l;4f] e'jg] uf]/vfzAb OTo;f} .. !@..
o;/L cfw'lgs g]kfn /fi6«sf] lgdf{0fdf uf]/vf g} sf/0f aGof] . To;}n] ljZj e/L g}
…uf]/vfÚ of] zAb k|l;4 ePsf] 5 .
P]ltxfl;s;Gb[i6Øf dxTj+ t:o jt{t] .
ljljwfleM ;+:s[ltle:tå}lzi6\Ø+ dxLot] .. !#..
P]ltxfl;s b[li6n] uf]/vfsf] ljz]if dxTj 5 . ljljw ;+:s[ltx¿sf sf/0fn] ubf{ klg
To;sf] ljz]iftf 5 .
;jf{;f+ ;+:s[tLgf~r ;+xlt:t:o df}lnsd\ .
/fli6«o+ rl/t+, o]g g]kfnrl/t+ s[td\ .. !$..
;j} ;+:s[ltx¿sf] ;fd"lxs ¿k g} uf]/vfsf] df}lns /fli6«o rl/q xf] . To;}n] g}
g]kfnsf] df}lns /fli6«o rl/qnfO{ klg kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 .
u'j{Ëf du/f ljk|f g]jf/fM IflqofM k|hfM .
rft'j{0o{ ;dfkGgfM lghwd{k/fo0ffM ..!%..
ToxfF u'?ª, du/, a|fXd0f, g]jf/, Iflqo cflb ;a} hgtf rt'j{0f{df afFl8P/ cfŔgf]
cfŔgf] wd{df c8]/ /x]sf 5g \ .
k|s[ltM zf]egf tq w/0fL z:ozflngL .
hgfZr jLo{j}bUWof Gofo:jftGœokf]ifsfM ..!^..
ToxfFsf] k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{ /fd|f] 5 . wtL{ wgwfGoo'St 5 . hgtf jL/ 5g\ / Gofo /
:jtGqtfnfO{ k|jw{g ub{5g\ .
lxds"6fT;df/Eo dxLw|]if' hn]if' r .
lgj;lGt ;'/f:tq uf]/vf/If0f] /tfM ..!&..
pQ/:of+ b'Uws'08:tLy{/fhf] lj/fht] .
>fj0of+ kf}0f{df:of+ lx eStfgfsif{og\ ax"g\ ..!*..
ToxfF lxdfnosf lzv/x¿b]lv lnP/ c¿ klg kj{tsf 6fs'/fx¿df / kfgLdf ;d]t
b]jtfx¿ jf; u5{g\ / ;b}j uf]/vfsf] /Iff u5{g\ . pQ/df b'ws'08 -b¨wkf]v/L_ gfds
7"nf] tLy{ 5 . ToxfF g'xfpg ;fpgsf] k"l0f{dfdf eStx¿sf] eL8 nfU5 .
uf]/vf/fhwfGof+ lx u'?uf]/IfuXj/d\ .
sflnsfdlGb/+ rf:t] /fhk|f;fb;lGgwf} ..!(..
uf]/vfsf] /fhwfgLdf g} uf]/vfysf] u'kmf 5 . / ToxL+ g] /fhb/af/sf] ;fy} sflnsfsf]
dlGb/ klg 5 .
lj/fht] kj{t:o lzv/] ;j{sfdbf .
>LdgMsfdgf dftf ;j{nf]sk|k"lhtf ..@)..
;Dk"0f{ nf]sn] k"lht ePsL / ;j}sf] OR5f k"/f ul/lbg] dgsfdgf dftf klg kj{tsf]
lzv/df zf]efodfg 5g\ .
sŔofsgflDg s"6]ŕl:t l>tf] du/hfltleM .
of] dgMsfdgf;+1f] u|fdf] u|fd]if' ;f]ŕlu|dM ..@!..
w]/} du/ hfltn] jf; u/]sf] sŔofs gfd u/]sf] kxf8sf] 6fs'/fdf dgsfdgf gfds
h'g /fd|f] ufpF 5 Tof] ufpFx¿df ;jf{]Qd ufpF xf] .
lbZo'Qdlu/]:t:o k"j{:of+ j[4u08sL .
blIf0f:of+ lqz"nL r jxt] k|otf ;l/t\ ..@@..
klZrdfof++ b/f}+bLlt Voftf wdf{jtL gbL .
d:of{ª\bL sd{bf tq ;dfoflt lxdfnofb\ ..@#..
o] å] gBf} ;dfuTo g}C{Tof+ lblz ;+ut] .
t] dgMsfdgfkfbf} IffnoGTofljj l:yt] ..@$..
Tof] pQd kj{tsf] k"j{ lbzfdf a"9L u08sL 5g\ . blIf0f kl§ rfxL+ kljq lqz"nL gbL
jxlnG5g\ . klZrd kl§ b/f}+bL elgg] wdf{jtL gbL 5g\ . To;eGbf klg klZrddf
d:of{ª\bL elgg] sd{bf gbL lxdfnob]lv au]/ cfpFl5g\ . tL h'g b'O{ gbLx¿
dgsfdgfsf] g}qm{To lbzf kl§ cfP/ ldN5g\ ltgn] b]jLsf b'j} kfpm kvfn] h:tf] nfU5
.
gB:tfM k'0o;lnnf lxdkj{tlgM;[tfM .
tf;f+ ;+ud pQfnM k'0ofTk'0ot/M :d[tM .. @%..
lxdfno kj{tb]lv lgl:sPsf :jR5 hn ePsf gbLx¿ :jtM kljq x'G5g\ . To;df
klg gbLx¿sf] ;+ud t emg\ kljq eGbf klg kljq dflgG5 .
d'lUngfVo] k|b]z] tfM ;l/tM ;d'kfutfM .
k|jxlGt tt:tLy{+ b]j3§+ k|lt b|'td\ ..@^..
tL ;f/f dfly gfd pNn]v ul/Psf gbLx¿ d'lUng gfds :yfgdf cfP/ ldN5g\ /
ToxfFaf6 a8f] j]un] b]j3f6 gfds kljq tLy{ lt/ ju]/ hfG5g\ .
of dgMsfdgf t:of dlGb/fbltzf]egf .
b[Zot] Xo'Q/fzfof+ lxdkj{tz[Înf ..@&..
jg/flhg{bL z:oZofdnf r j;'Gw/f .
ntf cgf]sxfZr}j b[ZoGt] kmnk'ikbfM ..@*..
dgsfdgf b]jLsf] dlGb/af6 pQ/ lbzf lt/ ;fx|} /fd|f] lxdfno kj{tsf] z[ª\vnf
b]lvG5 . To;} u/L rf/} lt/ jgsf] kª\lt, gbL, dgdf]xs / pj{/ e"ld, cg]s lsl;dsf
kmn / km"nx¿ lbg] nx/f / j[Ifx¿ klg b]lvG5g\ .
cDafŖgf/ËŖ/DefnLŖkg;fd|kmnflg r .
b]JofM k|;fb¿k]0f k|fKoGt] tq ;j{bf ..@(..
cDaf, ;'Gtnf, s]/f, s6x/, cfFk cflb kmnx¿ b]jLsf] s[kfn] ubf{ ToxfF ;b}j kfOG5g\ .
af}4}M l;Sv}Zr lxGb"leM zfSt}M z}j}/xlg{zd\ .
;f dgMsfdgf dftf lgTodf:t] k|k"lhtf ..#)..
tL dftf dgsfdgf af}4 , l;v, lxGb", zfSt, z}j ;j}n] /ftlbg k"hf ul/g'x'G5 .
OTydEolr{tf nf]s}df{tf sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eStfgfdeofo}j /fht] /fi6«/l~hgL ..#!..
o;/L b'lgofn] clt g} k"lht ePsL, s?0ffsL ¿k lnPsL dftf eStx¿sf] ceosf
nflu / /fi6«nfO{ cfgGb lbgsf nflu kj{tsf] 6fs'/fdf jf; ug'{x'G5 .
k|o'tfblws+ eStfM k|ltjif{+ tbx{0ffd\ .
s'j{lGt alnbfg]g k'ikdfnfkmn}/lk ..#@..
x/]s jif{ bz nfv eGbf a9L eStx¿n] aln lbP/ / km"n dfnf r9fP/ dftfsf] k"hf
ub{5g\ .
5fuf cg]sf x+;fZr s'Ss'6f dlxiff:tyf .
cKo{Gt] aln¿k]0f b]Jof:t[KTo} g[leM ;bf ..##..
cg]sf}+ af]sf, xfF;, s'v'/f, /fFufx¿ b]jLsf] t[lKtsf nflu alnsf ¿kdf g/gf/Lx¿af6
r9fOG5g\ .
s]lrt\ ;dk{oGtLx skf]tf} hLljtfjlk .
gfl/s]nkmn+ s]lrt\ tQ[KTo} aln¿ktM ..#$..
oxfF sf]xL eStx¿ lhpFb} hf]/ k/]jf r9fpF5g\ . sf]xL b]jLsf] nflu alnsf] ¿kdf
gl/jnsf] kmn klg r9fpF5g\ .
o:t' k"hot] eSTof b]jL+ lzv/jfl;gLd\ .
tf+ dgMsfdgf+ ; :ofb\ wgwfGo;'tflGjtM ..#%..
ej]H1fgL /fhdfGof] dltdfg\ zlStdf+:tyf .
lgTo+ lg/fdoM zfGtM k|;Ggf] nf]sxif{sM ..#^..
h;n] To; kj{tsf] lzv/df jf; u/]sL dgsfdgf b]jLsf] elStk"j{s k"hf ub{5 Tof]
dflg; wgwfGoo'St x'G5, 5f]/fx¿n] o'St x'G5, 1fgL x'G5, /fhdfGo x'G5, a'l4dfg\,
zlStzfnL, lgTo gL/f]uL, zfGt, k|;Gg / b'lgofnfO{ v'zL kfg{ ;Sg] x'G5 .
oM k7]t\ >4of b]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
;f]ŕlk If]ddgfKgf]lt dft'/]j k|;fbtM ..#&..
dgsfdgf b]jLsf] of] dfxfTDo h;n] >4fn] k9\5, pg} dftfsf] k|;fbn] ubf{ To;sf]
klg sNof0f x'G5 .
o:t' k':tsk"hf~r s/f]lt >4of ;bf ..
; dgMsfdgfb]Jof ej]t\ lk|ot/f] g/M ..#*..
h;n] >4fk¨j{s o; k':tssf] k"hf ;Fw}+ g} ub{5, Tof] klg b]jL dgsfdgfsf] emg\ lk|o
x'g hfg]5 .
of] dgMsfdgfof lx dfxfTDodltb'Nn{ed\ .
k|bf:olt r eSt]EoM ; ej]b\ /lIft:tof ..#(..
of] dgsfdgfsf] dfxfTDo Hofb} b'n{e 5 . To;}n] c;n eStx¿nfO{ h;n] of] lbG5
To;nfO{ b]jLn] ;+/If0f ub{l5g\ .
of] dgMsfdgfb]JofM k7]t\ :tf]q+ r k|Toxd\ .
; t]h:jL ej]b\ jL/f] /fhg]tf hglk|oM ..$)..
h;n] b]jL dgsfdgfsf] :tf]q lbglbg} kf7 ub{5, Tof] dflg; t]h:jL, jL/ / b'lgofn]
cfb/ u/]sf] /fhg]tf x'G5 .
k|lt;fo+ k7]b\ o:t' :jhg}M kl/jfl/tM .
cWofod]sdw{ jf Znf]sfg\ sltkofg't ..$!..
t:d} ;f}efUodIf'00f+ ;'v+ ;DklQd]j r .
>LdgMsfdgf b]jL k|oR5lt g ;+zoM ..$@..
cfŔgf kl/jf/ l;t a;]/ x/]s ;f+em h;n] Ps cWofo jf cfwf cWofo jf s]xL Znf]s
dfq klg k9\5 eg], To:tf] dflg;nfO{ b]jL dgsfdgfn] cIf'00f ;f}efUo, ;'v, ;DklQ
k|bfg ub{l5g\ . o;df s'g} zÍf 5}g .
;b\ledf{GoM lzjs/tg'M zÍ/:ofjtf/f]
uf]/Iff] of] ljgolt hgfn\F nf]s/Iffk|j[QM .
;j{]Eof] gf]ŕlenliftbbf+ tf+ dgMsfdgf r
uf}/L+ zZjHhglxts/LdLZj/Ldfx'/fKtfM ..$#..
sNof0fsf/s z/L/ ePsf, zÍ/sf cjtf/ hf] eujfg\ uf]/vgfy nf]s/Iff tkm{ k|j[Q
eP/ ;bf dg'iox¿nfO{ cg'zfl;t agfpF5g\ tL ;Fw} g} c;n dflg;x¿n] cfb/
ul/Psf 5g\ . / dgn] lrtfPsf] s'/f k|bfg ug{] dgsfdgf dfO{nfO{ klg k|dfl0fs
ljåfg\x¿n] xd]zf hglxtsfl/0fL b'uf{ eujtL egL eGb5g\ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{g+ gfd k|ydf]ŕWofoM ..!..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy låtLof]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'Tjf dgMsfdgfof dfxfTDo+ lsl~rb'Q/d\ .
>f]t'+ dgM sfdot] t:ofZrf]TklQsf/0fd\ ..!..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ dgsfdgf dfO{sf] dfxfTDo clnslt ;'g]kl5 d]/f] dgdf c¿
klg ;'Gg] OR5f eof] . dnfO{ ltgsf] pTklQsf] sf/0f ;'Gg dg nfu]sf] 5 .
u'??jfr
of b]jL ;[li6¿kf ;f huTqolxt}lif0fL .
;j{q zlSt¿k]0f dft[¿k]0f r l:ytf ..@..
g]kfn/fi6«/Iffy{+ k|fb'e{"tf lx tq ;f .
tGdgMsfdgfof:Tj+ eStf] eljt'dx{l; ..#..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ ;[li6¿ksL h'g b]jL ltg} nf]ssf] lxt ug{ rfxlG5g\ tL t ;j{q
zlStsf ¿kdf / dftfsf ¿kdf /x]s} 5g\ . tL b]jL g]kfn /fi6«sf] /Iffsf nflu ToxfF
pTkGg ePsL x'g\ . To;sf/0f, x] /fhg\ ltdL] klg ltgsf] eSt x'g' kb{5 .
c:o /fi6«:o aLh+ t' ;[i6]/fbf} lx z"lngf .
pKtdf;Llbb+ /fi6«+ :ju{t'No+ ljlwT;'gf ..$..
of] /fi6«sf] aLh t ;[li6s} cflbsfndf eujfg\ lzjn] /f]k]sf lyP . lsgls pgnfO{ of]
/fi6« :ju{ ;dfgsf] agfpg] OR5f lyof] .
b|Jo;fxflewf] jL/M ;'zLnM Iflqoif{eM .
nDh'Ë/fhk'qf]ŕ;fjf;LGGofok|jw{sM ..%..
b|Jo;fx gfds Ps pQd Iflqo jL/ lyP . tL a8f] ;'zLn lyP . ltgL nDh'ª\sf
/fhs'df/ lyP / /fhsfhdf GofonfO{ a9fjf lbGy] .
sfnLeStf hgfM ;j{] uf]/vfjfl;g:tbf .
Goføo+, ;'/fi6«+, :jftGœodEoniog\ ;'/f Oj ..^..
Tolt v]/ g} sfnLsf eSt ;f/f uf]/vfjf;Lx¿n] b]jtfx¿n] h:t} Gofodf cfwfl/t
Ps c;n /fi6« / :jtGqtfsf] rfxgf /fv]sf lyP .
cGj]ifoGt påfx+' /fhfg+ gLltsf]ljbd\ .
t]ŕ>[0jg \ gfd b|Jo:o ;fx;+ w}o{d]j r ..&..
tt:tblGts+ uTjf uf]/vfg[kt]M kb] .
t+ :yfklot'ldR5Gtf] t]ŕa|'jg \ Iffqk"?ifd\ ..*..
ltgLx¿n] Ps zlStzfnL / Gofolk|o /fhf vf]Hb} lyP / b|Jo;fxsf] gfd, ;fx; /
w}o{sf] jf/]df ;'g] . To;f] x'gfn] pgnfO{ uf]/vfsf] /fhkbdf :yflkt ug{] OR5f /fVt}
ltgLx¿ tL /fhs'df/sxfF uP / tL Iffqk'?ifnfO{ ltgn] eg] .
uf]/vfhfgkbf pmr'M
u'j{Ëf du/fM Iffqf a|fXd0ffu|f jo+ k|hfM .
;'zf;g+ :yfkloTjf ;Gtf]if+ b]lx gf] a'w ..(..
c:dlGgj]bg+ >'Tjf TjdfuR5 g[kf] ej .
Gofo:jtGqtfwf/] /fHo+ ;~rfno k|ef] ..!)..
ljgf :jtGqtf+ nf]sM sy+ k|fk]t\ ;dfgtfd\ <
ljgf ;dfgtf+ Gofo+ k|fKg'jlGt k|hfM syd\ < ..!!..
;dfgtf s]jn+ lx e|fqf]d{Wo] ej]lGdyM .
ttf] hfgkbfg\ e|ft[g\ dTjf Tj+ zf;g+ s'? ..!@..
jo+ s'zf;sfb]j kLl8tflZr/sfntM .
;'zf;g+ TjdfuTo b]lx gM Iflqoif{e ..!#..
uf]/vfjf;Lx¿n] eg] Ŗ xfdL u'?ª\, du/, Iflqox¿n] a|fXd0fnfO{ cufl8 nfPsf 5f}+ . x]
ljj]sL, oxfF uf]/vfdf /fd|f] zf;g :yfkgf u/]/ xfdLnfO{ ;Gtf]if lbg'xf];\ . xfd|f]
lgj]bg ;'g]/ tkfO{F, cfpgf];\ / xfd|f /fhf x'g'xf];\ . x] k|e', Gofo / :jtGqtfsf]
cfwf/df cfwfl/t /fHo ;+:yfkg ug'{xf];\ . :jtGqtf ljgf b'lgofFn] ;dfgtf s;/L
kfpnfg\ < ;dfgftf ljgf hgtfn] Gofo s;/L kfpF5g\ < Ps cfk;sf] ;dfgtf t
s]jn efOx¿sf aLrdf dfq x'G5 . To;}n] hgtfnfO{ cfŔgf efO ;dfg 7fg]/ zf;g
ugf{];\ . xfdLx¿ w]/} sfnb]lv s'zf;saf6 kLl8t 5f}+ . x] jl/i7 Iflqo, tkfO{F cfP/
xfdLnfO{ ;'zf;g lbg'xf];\ .
u'??jfr
OTy+ lgj]lbtf] nf]s}uf]{/vfjfl;lea'{w}M .
b|Jo;fxf]ŕudb \ /fhk|f;fb+ tq ;+l:ytd\ ..!$..
uTjfŕk;fo{ ls+e"k+ /fhl;+xf;g]ŕj;t\ .
uf]/vfjfl;g:t:dft\ ;'zf;gdjfKg'jg\ ..!%..
kfnloTjf ax"gAbfg\ k|hfM k'qflgjf}/;fg\ .
:ju{+ k|oftM ;f}/fHo+ bTjf k'qfo wLdt] ..!^..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ o;/L uf]/vfjf;L a'l4dfg\ hgtfn] lgj]bg u/] kl5 b|Jo;fx ToxfFsf]
/fhk|f;fb uP . ToxfF uP/ pgn] v/fa /fhfnfO{ x6fP/ cfkm' /fhl;+xf;gdf a;] .
To; kl5 uf]/vfjf;Lx¿n] pgaf6 c;n zf;g kfP . clg w]/} jif{ ;Dd k|hfx¿nfO{
cfŔg} k'qx¿nfO{ h:t} u/L k|]dk"j{s kfng u/]/ o;/L l:y/ ePsf] Tof] /fhkf7 cfŔgf
a'l4dfg\ k'qnfO{ 5f]8]/ :ju{ uP .
b|Jo;fx:o k'q:t' k"0f{;fxM ;'zf;sM.
OGb|t'Nof]ŕejQ:dft\ k'/Gb/ Olt :d[tM ..!&..
t:o k'qZ5q;fxf] Ho]i7f]ŕNkfo'a{e"j x .
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fhf /fd;df]ŕejt \ ..!*..
b|Jo;fxsf k'q k'0f{;fx eP hf] a8f] c;n zf;s lyP . OGb| ;dfg dflgPsf x'gfn]
pgnfO{ k'/Gb/;fx eg]/ klg ;+lemOG5 . ltgsf h]7f 5f]/f 5q;fx eP, t/ cNkfo' eP
. To; kl5 /fhf ag]sf sfG5f /fd;fx t /fhf /fd h:t} g} eP .
t:o GofoJoj:yf lx nf]s] ljVofltdfutf .
/fd/fHo+ uf]/vfof+ :yflkt+ t]g lgZrod\ ..!(..
/fd;fxsf] GofoJoj:yf b'lgofdf k|l;4 eof] . lsgls ltgn] t uf]/vfdf lglZrt
¿kdf /fd/fHo g} :yfkgf u/] .
olb ljBf ljn'Ktf :oft\ sfZof+ uR5Gt' dfgjfM ..
olb Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uf]/vf+ ofGt' dfgjfM ..
Olt k|l;4f nf]sf]StL /fd;fxk|zf;gft\ ..@)..
ljBf x/fof] eg] dflg;x¿ sfzL hfg" / Gofo x/fof] eg] dflg;x¿ uf]/vf hfg" eGg]
nf]sf]lSt /fd;fxsf] k|zf;gaf6 g} k|l;4 ePsf] xf] .
/fhf]jfr
sy+ >L/fd;fx]g Gofozf;gd'Qdd\ .
bQ+ r sLb[zL zlSt:t:d} k|fKtfŕejt \ syd\ .
Olt d] ;j{dfVoft'dx{l; Tj+ a'wf]Qd ..@!..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ s;/L /fd;fxn] To:tf] pQd Gofo zf;g lbg ;s] < ltgnfO{
s:tf] zlSt k|fKt ePsf] lyof] / s;/L k|fKt ePsf] lyof] < a'l4dfg\x¿ dWo] ;jf{]Qd
x] u'?, of] ;j} s'/f tkfO{Fn] dnfO{ eGg'k¥of] .
u'??jfr
/fd;fx:o dlxifL ;j{nIf0f;+o'tf .
nLnfjtLlt lj1ftf gfDgf;Lb\ dlxdfjtL ..@@..
;}j /f1L rGb|d'vLTolk nf]s}M :d[tfŕejt \ ..
cg]s}gf{dle1f{tf ;fŕe"t \ ls+ t:o sf/0fd\ .
;j{+ /fh]Gb| jIoflk ;fjwfgtof z[0f' ..@#..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ /fd;fxsL dxf/fgL ;Dk"0f{ nIf0fx¿n] o'St lyOg\ . pgsf] gfd
dlxdfjtL lyof] / tL nLnfjtL eg]/ klg hflgOlGyg\ . pg} /fgLnfO{ b'lgofFn] rGb|d'vL
eg]/ klg ;DemGy] . To;/L cg]s gfdn] lsg hflgOg\ < To;sf] s] sf/0f xf]< Tof] klg
d ;j} jtfpF5' . x] /fhg\, Wofg lbP/ ;'Gg'xf];\ .
dxfsfnL dxfnIdL dxfk"Hof ;/:jtL .
nLnfjtLz/L/] lx lti7lGt :d dxLkt] Û
t:dfb\ /f1L nf]sdftf ax'legf{dleM :d[tf ..@$..
x] /fhg\, dxfsfnL, dxfnIdL / cToGt k"Hof ;/:jtL tLg} j6L b]jLx¿ nLnfjtLsf]
z/L/df j;]sf lyP . To;}n] ;f/f k|hfsL cfdf h:tL ePsL /fgLsf] w]/} gfd k|l;4
ePsf] xf] .
/fd;fx;efofGt' b]Jo'kl:yltsf/0fft\ .
k|fKg'jg\ ;snf nf]sf Gofo+ lrQk|xif{sd\ ..@%..
/fd;fx;ef nf]s}M :d[tf b]j;e]lt x .
tqf;g\ b]jb]jf+zfM ;GtM l;4fZr ;fwjM ..@^..
o] ;GtM ;fwjM l;4f e[z+ Gofok|jw{sfM .
Gofof]ŕe"t \ :jfy{/lxt:tfb[zf+ ;d'kl:yt]M ..@&..
/fd;fxsf] ;efdf b]jLsf] pkl:ylt ePsf sf/0fn] ;f/f b'lgofn] cfŔgf] lrQnfO{ 7"nf]
xif{ lbg] vfnsf] Gofo kfPsf lyP . /fd;fxsf] ;ef t b]j;ef g} xf] egL hgtf
dfGby] . To; ;efdf b]jtfsf c+z kfPsf JolStx¿, ;Gtx¿, l;4x¿ / ;fw'x¿
;d]t /xGy] . To:tf JolStx¿sf] pkl:yltn] ubf{ GofonfO{ :jfy{/lxt agfpg ;xof]u
x'GYof] . b]jf+z ;fw'x¿ l;4x¿sf] s'g} JolStut :jfy{ gx'gfn] pgLx¿ GofonfO{ dfq
cufl8 a9fpFy] .
k/+ g /f1L+ /fhfŕlk hfgLt] zlSt¿lk0fLd \ .
;fIff2]jL+ /fhu[x] j;GtL+ k/d]Zj/Ld\ ..@*..
s]jn+ nId0ff] yfkf h1f} l;l4an]g ;M .
uf]/Ifgfys[kof o]g l;l4M ;dfutf ..@(..
t/ zlSt¿k lnPsL ;fIfft\\ b]jL g} /fhb/af/df a;]sL k/d]Zj/L x'g\ eGg] s'/f
/fhfnfO{ klg yfxf lyPg . /fd;fxsf d'Vo dGqL nId0f yfkf -du/_ n] uf]/vgfyaf6
l;l4 k|fKt u/]sf x'gfn], ToxL l;l4sf ann] s]jn pgL dfq Tof] ;j} s'/f hfGby] .
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL uf]/vf/If0f] /tf .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o dgMk'qLlt lj>'tf ..#)..
u'?uf]{/vgfyZr uf]/Iffj|ltg+ g[kd\ .
lzIfog\ Gofosfo{] lx /Iflt :d k|hfM ;'vd\ ..#!..
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL hf] uf]/vfsf] /Iff ul5{g\ tL u'? uf]/vgfysL dfg; k'qL x'g\ eGg]
nf]sdf k|l;l4 lyof] . u'? uf]/vgfy klg ufO{ / k[YjLsf] /Iff ug{] j|t lnPsf /fhfnfO{
s;/L Gofo ;Dkfbg ug'{ k5{ eGg] s'/f l;sfpFb} b'lgofsf] /Iff ub{y] .
/fhf]jfr
sf]ŕo+ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfŕ;Lb \ /fhjNneM .
sy+ r t]g ;+l;l4M k|fKtf s:dft\ dxfu'/f]M ..#@..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ sf] x'g\ oL nId0f gfd u/]sf l;4 yfkf hf] /fhfsf ;fx|} lk|o
/x]5g\ < s;/L s'g dxfu'?af6 ltgn] l;l4 k|fKt u/] <
u'??jfr
cf;Lt\ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfj+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfk]lt ljVoftf] b]jLeStf] hglk|oM ..##..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ nId0f gfd u/]sf l;4 yfkfj+zdf hGd]sf 7"nf d'lg lyP . nf]sdf
ltgL nvGyfkf eg]/ k|l;4 lyP . tL b]jLsf k/d eSt lyP / Hofb} nf]slk|o klg lyP
.
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o s[kof l;l4dfKtjfg\ .
1fglj1fgjfg\ ljåfg\ ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..#$..
nvGyfkfn] u'? uf]/vgfysf] s[kfaf6 l;l4 kfPsf lyP . ltgL 1fg / lj1fg b'j}sf
1ftf ljåfg\ / ;j} hgtfn] cfb/ ul/Psf lyP .
Nxfof]j+Zof] nvGyfkf /fd;fx;xfosM .
du/f] /fd/fHo]ŕe"t \ nId0ff] /fdeStsM ..#%..
Nxfof] j+zdf hlGdPsf nvGyfkf -nId0f yfkf_ du/ jf:tjdf /fd;fxsf o:tf
;xfos lyP ls dfgf]+ pgL /fd/fHodf eujfg\ /fdsf eSt eP/ hlGdPsf pgsf efO{
nId0fsf] cjtf/ h:t} lyP .
/f1L ;Ltf;df b]jL nId0f+ /fd;]jsd\ .
k|LTof :jeSt+ hfgLt] l;l4o'St+ ;'dlGq0fd\ ..#^..
/fd;fxsL dxf/fgL klg ;Ltf h:tL lyOg\ . /fdsf ;]js efO{ nId0f h:tf
nvGyfkfnfO{ l;l4 k|fKt u/]sf] Hofb} c;n dGqL / cfŔgf] k/d eSt eg]/ pgn]
lrg]sL lyOg\ .
jL/f Gofolk|ofM >]i7f uf]/vfjfl;gf] hgfM .
OGy+ ;'v]g lbj;fg\ ofkolGt lg/fkbM ..#&..
o;/L jL/, Gofok|]dL / ;j}eGbf >]i7 uf]/vfjf;L hgtf ljgf s'g} cfklQ ;'v;+u lbg
latfpFy] .
g tqf;Lg\ dxfdf/L b'le{If+ g}j r >'td\ .
:jwd{] lgotf nf]sf /f1f ;+/lIftfM ;bf ..#*..
uf]vf{df slxNo} s'g} dxfdf/L ePg . clgsfnsf] t s'/} ;'lgPg . cfŔgf] :jwd{df
c8]sf hgtfnfO{ /fhfn] ToxfF ;b}j ;+/If0f u/]sf lyP .
k/+ sfn]g lsotf /fd;fxf] dxLkltM .
:juf{/f]x0fdfrqm] /f1L tdg'ufldgL ..#(..
t/ s]xL ;do kl5 /fhf /fd;fxsf] :juf{/f]x0f eof] . /fgL klg /fhfsf] ;tL eP/ ;+u}
g} kl5nfUg'eof] .
wdf{jTofM sd{bfofM ;+ud] If]q;Qd] .
/fd;fx:o b]x:o lrtflUgbxg+ s[td\ ..$)..
wdf{jtL -b/f}+bL_ / sd{bf -d:of{ª\bL_ gbLsf] ;+ud cToGt pQd If]qdf /fd;fxsf]
b]xnfO{ lrtfsf] clUgn] bxg ul/of] .
k|ljzGtL+ lrtfof+ tf+ :jb]xHjngf]Btfd\ .
/f1L+ nLnfjtL+ b[i6\jf nId0ff] JonkQbf ..$!..
b]JofZ5fof+ ljgf ;j{] Xogfyf uf]/vfhgfM .
eljiofdf] dft[xLgf j/fsf afnsf Oj ..$@..
cfŔgf] b]xbxg ug{ tof/ eO{ lrtfdf k:g yfn]sL /fgL nLnfjtLnfO{ b]v]/ Toltv]/
nId0f -nvGyfkf_ n] ljnfk u/] . pgn] eg] Ŗ dxf/fgL nLnfjtLsf] 5fxf/L ljgf xfdL
;j} uf]/vfsf hgtf cfdf gePsf 6'x'/f afnsx¿ h:tf x'g]eof}+ .
ljnkGt+ nvGyfkf+ b[i6\jf ;f eStjT;nf .
hufb]Ty+ dxfeSt+ l;4+ t+ ;+lztj|td\ ..$#..
yfkf, df ?lblx Tj+ t' eStf]ŕl; dd jT;nM ..
k|fb'e"{tf eljiofld gfltb"/] u[xft\ tj ..$$..
To;/L ljnfk ug{ yfn]sf nvGyfkfnfO{ b]v]/ cfŔgf eStnfO{ dfof ug{] /fgLn] tL
dxfeSt, 7"nf j|tL l;4nfO{ o;/L elgg\ . x] nId0f yfkf, g /f]pm . ltdL t d]/f
eSt xf} . d]/f lk|o 5f} . To;}n] ltd|f] 3/af6 s]xL dfq b"/Ldf d k'gM k|s6 x'g]5' .
OTo'STjf tTIf0f] b]Jof :jb]xbxg+ s[td\ .
u[x+ oftf] nvGyfkf b]jLeStf] dxfd'lgM ..$%..
olt eg]/ /fgLn] tTsfn cfŔgf] b]x bxg ul/g \ . b]jLsf eSt dxfd'lg nvGyfkf klg
3/ uP .
lsoTsfn]g tb\u|fd] s]gfŕlk xnsif{0fd \ .
s[t+ tq}j ;Ltfofdj?4+ xn+ Xoe"t\ ..$^..
k|:t/] rfj?4+ tb\ obf lgisflzt+ xnd\ .
tbf k|:t/dWofQ' ;';|fj ?lw/+ ax' ..$&..
b]JofM k|sl6t+ ¿k+ lj1fo nId0ff] d'lgM .
;j{]iff+ k|fKo ;fxføo+ lg/dfb\ dlGb/+ If0fft\ ..$*..
ttf] dgMsfdgf ;f eStfgf+ sfdbfŕejt \ ..$(..
clg s]xL ;do kl5 ltgsf] ufpFdf s;}n] xnf] hf]lt/fv]sf] lyof] / ToxL l;of]df xnf]
g} c8\lsof] . kTy/df c8\lsPsf] Tof] xnf] ha lgsflnof], ta To; kTy/sf] aLraf6
w]/} /ut aUof] . nId0f d'lgn] b]jLsf] ¿k k|s6 ePsf] a'em] / To;sf nflu ;j}sf]
dbt kfP/ tTsfn dlGb/ agfP . kl5 uP/, ltg} b]jL eStx¿sf OR5f k"/f ug{]
dgsfdgf b]jL eOg\ .
cy eStf] dxft]hf nvGyfkf:t' ;]jsM .
; dgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hsf]ŕe"t \ :jo+ a'wM ..%)..
clg /fgLsf k/d eSt ;]js dxft]h:jL a'l4dfg\ nvg yfkf cfFkm} g} dgsfdgf
k'hf/L eP .
/fhf]jfr
k/+ dof >'t+ k"j+{ ob\ eStf] nId0fM ;'wLM .
b]jL+ k|fk"hot\ l;4M :jLo] u|fd] ;b}j lx ..%!..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ t/ d}n] t ;'g]sf] lyPF ls eSt nId0f yfkf ljåfg\ lyP / tL
l;4n] ;+w} g} cfŔgf] ufpFdf b]jLsf] k"hf ul//x]sf lyP .
u'??jfr
oR5«'t+ ejtf /fhg\ ;To+ tT;j{d]j lx .
b]JofM k"hf+ ;b}jf;fjs/f]NnId0fM ;'wLM ..%@..
k"j{+ lx dWos"6:yf dxfsfnL hufb td\ .
;fxj+z:o /fhf :ofb|fi6«}sLs/0ff]BtM ..%#..
t:o ;fkmNo;Dk|fKTo} b]jLdf/fwo lk|o .
:ju|fd] TjQkMk"t] sŔofs] z'egfds] ..%$..
Tjbf/fwg;Gt'i6f ;j{zlSt:j¿lk0fL .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL t:d} l;l4+ k|bf:olt ..%%..
>'Tjf tb\ jrg+ b]Jof d'vfbd[t;+o'td\ .
cfuTo nId0f:yfkf k"hf+ b]JofZrsf/ r . %^..
k|Tox+ elStefjfStM l;4M ; du/f] d'lgM .
k"hf+ b]Jof lx k|LToy+{ s/f]lt :d tbf1of ..%&..
u'?n] eGg' eof] Ŗ x] /fhg\ xh"/n] h'g s'/f ;'Gg' ePsf] lyof] Tof] ;j} ;To xf] . oL
ljåfg\ nId0f yfkf b]jLsf] k"hf ;b}j ub{y] . lsgls klxn] g} dfemsf]6df /x]sL
dxfsfnLn] pgnfO{ eg]sL lyOg\ ls ;fxj+zsf /fhfn] /fi6«sf] PsLs/0fsf nflu pBf]u
ug{]l5g\ . ltgsf] ;kmntfsf nflu ltdLn] b]jLsf] cf/fwgf u/ . sŔofs gfd u/]sf]
ltd|f] c;n ufpFdf ltd|f] cf/fwgfaf6 ;Gt'i6 ePsL ;j{zlSt:j¿klk0fL b]jL
dgsfdgfn] ltgnfO{ ;kmntf k|bfg ug{]l5g\ . b]jLsf] d'vaf6 cd[t h:tf] dL7f] Tof]
s'/f ;'g]/ nId0f yfkfn] cfP/ b]jLsf] k"hf ug{ yfn]5g\ . To;/L /fgLsf] cf1fn] tL
du/ d'lg l;4 nId0f yfkf elStn] dg el/P/ b]jLsf] ;Gt'li6sf nflu x/]s lbg k"hf
ub{y] .
ck"hob\ oq b]jL+ eStf]ŕ;f} nId0ff] d'lgM .
lznf+ b]jL:j¿kf+ tf+ tq}jf:yfkot\ l:y/fd\ ..%*..
To;sf/0f hxfF klxnf nId0f d'lgn] k"hf ub{y] ToxL 7fpFdf b]jLsf] :j¿kdf k|s6
ePsf] l:y/ lznfnfO klg :yfkgf u/] .
dGqljb\ ljlwljb\ lj1M l;4f] 1fgL k|;Ggx[t\ .
nvGyfkf ;'lj1ftM ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..%(..
cfhLjg+ dxfb]JofM k"hf+ s[Tjf z'lrj|tM .
lgZrqmfd ; jfw{So] tLyf{6gdltd{'lgM ..^)..
sfzLk|ofus]bf//fd]zab/LZj/fM .
b[i6fM ;j{] dxfkL7f nId0f]g tkl:jgf ..^!..
Olt tLyf{lg ;jf{l0f e|ldTjf nId0fM ;'wLM .
k'gM :ju|fddfuTo :jb]x+ lj;;h{ r ..^@..
ToxfF cg]s dGqljlwsf 1ftf, ;b}j k|;Gg dg ePsf, ;j}n] /fd|/L hfg]sf, ;j}n] cfb/
ug{], l;4 , 1fgL nvGyfkfn] kljq j|t lnO{ cfhLjg b]jLsf] k"hf u/] / pgL a'9];
sfndf tLy{ e|d0f ug{ eg]/ lg:s] . sfzL, k|ofu, s]bf/, /fd]Zj/, ab/Lz, cflb
ul/Psf ;j} dxfkL7x¿sf] tk:jL nId0fn] bz{g u/] . o;/L ;j} tLy{x¿ 3'd]/ c;n
a'l4 ePsf nId0f km]l/ cfŔg} ufpFdf cfP/ cfŔgf] b]x lj;h{g klg u/] .
o] dgM sfdgfb]Jof elSto'Stf:t' dfgjfM .
k"0ff{lenliftf:t] :o' gf{q sfof{ ljrf/0ff ..^$..
b]jL dgsfdgfsf] elSt ug{] hf] dflg; 5g\ . ltgLx¿sf] OR5f k"/f x'G5 . o;df s'g}
;Gb]x ug{] 7fpFdf g} 5}g .
Psflk nf]sfle?rfjg]sf:tg"M :jeStfg';[tf w/GtL .
nLnfjtL nId0f;+l>tf ;f d"Tof{ dgMsfdgofŕjtfb \ gM ..^%..
eujtL b]jL jf:tjdf Ps ePklg dflg;x¿sf] ?lr cg';f/ cg]s ePsL 5g\ /
cfŔgf eStx¿sf] OR5f cg ';f/ ljleGg d"lt{ wf/0f ub{l5g\, To:tL b]jLn] nLnfjtL
/fgL / nId0f yfkfsf] OR5fdf Pp6f ¿k lnOg\ . Tof] d"lt{ dgsfdgf xf] . ToxL
d"lt{åf/f pgL xfd|f] /Iff u¿g\ .
uf]/Ifgfyfb'knAwl;l4 nL{nfjtLjT;ntfdxl4{M .
hulGgoGqLldx g]boGgf]ŕg'u|fxsf] nId0f cfb [tf]ŕ:t' ..^^..
eujfg\ uf]/Ifgfyaf6 l;l4 k|fKt u/]sf, nLnfjtL /fgLaf6 k|fKt jfT;No g} cfŔgf]
7"nf] ;dl4 ePsf, hut\nfO{ cfŔgf] lgoGq0fdf /fVg] b]jLnfO{ g} xfd|f ;fd" NoflbP/
xfdL ;j}sf] pksf/ lgufx ug{] nId0f yfkf du/sf] xfdL ;j}n] cfb/ u/f}+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgf]TklQgf{d låtLof]ŕWofoM ..@..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy t[tLof]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgf t:of pTklQljifo] >'td\ .
u'?jo{ k'gM >f]t'dLx] dlGb/j0f{gd\ ..!..
eujTofM ;'Gb/+ tb\ dlGb/+ s]g lgld{td\ .
dlGb/] b]jtfM sfZr lti7lGt b]Jo'kl:ytfM ..@..
;j+{ ;lj:t/+ >f]t'd'Tsdl:t dgf] dd .
s[kof ef] låh>]i7 Û jSt'dx{l; ;Dk|lt ..#..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof]Ŗ h'g dgsfdgf b]jL 5g\ ltgsf] pTklQ ljifodf ;'g]+ . ca x]
u'?j/, d To; dlGb/sf] j0f{g g} ;'Gg rfxG5' . eujtLsf] h'g ;'Gb/ dlGb/ 5 Tof]
s;n] agfPsf] xf] < b]jLsf] ;fydf dlGb/ leq s'g s'g b]jtf pkl:yt eP/ /x]sf
5g\ < of] ;j} s'/f lj:t[t ¿kdf ;'Gg d]/f] dg pTsl07t ePsf] 5 . To; sf/0f, x]
a|fXd0f>]i7, s[kof dnfO{ Tof] s'/f clxn] g} atfOlbgf];\ .
u'??jfr
k"j{d]j dof k|f]St+ /fd;fxdxLkt]M .
/f1L nLnfjtL ;fIffb\ b]jL ofŕKtf ;tLultd \ ..$..
k|fb'e"{tf k'gM ;}j e"Tjf sfdk|bfŕq lx .
sf/0f+ >"dtf+ o]g tq b]jL ;d'b\utf ..%..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ d}n] klxn] g} elg;s]+ ls /fhf /fd;fxsL /fgL nLnfjtL ;fIfft\ b]jL
lyOg\ / hf] ;tLsf] ultdf k'lug\ . km]l/ tL b]jL k|s6 eP/ ToxL+ dgsfdgfsf ¿kdf
/lxg\ . x] /fhg\, Tof] sf/0f ;'Gg'xf];\ h;n] ubf{ ToxfF b]jL k|s6 eOg\ .
k|lt/fq+ ;d'Tyfo lgzLy] zogft\ ;tL .
/f1L lgu{To k|f;fbfbfsfz] tq lti7lt ..^..
oq b]j;ef t:of clk dWo] lj/fht] .
Olt k|fUnId0ff]Stf]ŕlk JowflTsl~rGg e"kltM .
nAWjf k|;fb+ b]JofM ; k|zfl:t :d k|hf d'bf ..&..
x/]s /ft dWo/flqdf lj:t/faf6 p7]/ /fhb/af/af6 /fgL lg:slG5g\ / cfsfzdf
hflG5g\ hxfF b]j;ef x'G5 . pgL b]j;efsf] klg aLrdf al:5g\ . of] s'/f nId0f
yfkfn] klxn] g} eg]sf lyP tfklg /fhfn] s]xL u/]sf lyPgg\ . j? b]jLsf] lgufx kfP/
v'zL ePsf /fhfn] cfŔgf c;n k|hfnfO{ zf;g u/]/ a;]s} lyP .
Psbf /fd;fxf]ŕ;f} nId0f:o u[x+ oof} .
/f1L r k|oof} tq t]g e"kltgf ;x ..*..
sŔofsgfds] u|fd] Nxfof]j+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfkf lti7lt :d /fd;fx;xfosM ..(..
lgzLlyGof+ oyfk"j{+ /f1L tqfŕKob[Zot .
tb]o]if g[kf] 1ft'+ tb|x:o+ k|oTgtM ..!)..
/f1L eujtL¿kf b[i6f lgh{/;+;lb .
ttf] d'bf dxLkfn:t"i0fLsM zlot+' oof} ..!!..
o:t}df Ps lbg /fd;fx nId0f yfkfsf] 3/ uP . /fgL klg /fhf ;+u;+u} ToxL+ uOg\ .
Nxfof]j+zdf hGd]sf dxfd'lg nvGyfkf sŔofs gfd u/]sf] ufpFdf a:ty] . ToxfF klg
klxn] h:t} /ftdf /fgL cnk eOg\ . clg /fhfn] To;sf] /x:o a'‰g k|oTg u/] . ToxfF
/fgL eujtLsf] ¿kdf b]jtfsf] ;efdf b]lvOg\ . clg /fhfn] /fgLnfO{ To;/L b]v] /
v'zL ;fy r"k nfu]/ ;'Tg uP .
k|ftj{Gbgsdf{y{+ /f1L /fhfgdfutf .
/fhf t' jlGbt'+ kfbf} b]Jo} gfbft\ k|zlÍtM ..!@..
ca|jLb\ e"kltb{]jL+ oQb|fqf} bbz{ ;M .
tR5|'Tjf jrg+ b]jL e"kd¨r] ;'b'Mlvtf .. !#..
ef]lnkN6 ljxfg p7]/ dxf/fgL /fhfnfO{ 9f]Ug cfPsL lyO{g\ , t/ /fhfn] ;zlÍt eP/
/fgLnfO{ kfp 9f]Ug lbPgg\ . /fhfn] /ftdf h] b]v] Tof] s'/f dxf/fgLnfO{ eg] . Tof]
;'g]/ dxf/fgL a8f] b'Mlvt eO{ /fhfnfO{ eGg yflng\ .
b]Jojfr
olb ljZjf;xLgf] df+ gfb|IoM ;'/;+;lb .
cleljioZrqmjtL{ k/+ tGg lx ;Dej]t\ ..!$..
Tjb\j+zhf] lx /fHo:o lj:tf/f]ŕ:o sl/iolt .
s]jn+ lx ;'/fh]lt ljVoft:Tj+ eljiol; ..!%..
dxf/fgLn] elgg\ Ŗ olb cljZjf; u/]/ b]j;efdf dnfO{ lrof] gu/]sf] eP xh"/
rqmjtL{ xf]OalS;GYof] . t/ ca Tof] ;+ej 5}g . xh"/sf] s'g} j+zhn] o; /fHosf]
lj:tf/ ug{]5 . xh"/ t s]jn c;n /fhf eGg] Voflt dfq k|fKt ug'{x'g]5 .
u'??jfr
Olt Jofx[To ;f b]jL tq}jfGt/wLot .
>'Tjf eujtLjf0fL+ JoifLbb\ e"l/ e"klt M ..!^..
cb\e'tf 36gf Xo]iff 3l6tf tq k|fË0f] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM dlGb/+ oq ljBt] ..!&..
ttM k|fs6Ødfoftf lznf¿k]0f rflDasf .
;f lznf dWoefu]ŕB dlGb/:ofl:t k"lhtf ..!*..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ olt eg]/ eujtL ToxL+ g} cGtwf{g eO{g\ . eujtLsf] d'vaf6 ;f]
s'/f ;'g]/ /fhf lvGg eP . Tof] cb\e't 36gf ToxL cfFugdf ePsf] lyof] hxfF xfn
b]jL dgsfdgfsf] dlGb/ 5 . ToxL 7fpFdf kl5 uP/ lznf -kTy/_ sf ¿kdf dftf
k|s6 eO{g\ . ToxL lznf g} cfh dlGb/sf] dWoefudf k"lht eP/ /x]sf] 5 .
dlGb/+ /fd;fx:o /fHosfn] ljlgld{td\ .
;+:sfl/t+ r tTk'q/fHosfn] tyf k'gM .. !(..
dlGb/ /fd;fxsf] /fHosfndf lgdf{0f ePsf] lyof] . pgsf 5f]/fsf] /fHosfndf /
km]l/km]l/ klg hL0ff{]4f/ ul/of] . o:t} k/Dk/f /x]sf] 5 .
b|JofTdhf] dof]Stf] oM k"0f{;fxM k'/Gb/M .
tTk'qZ5q;fxf]ŕe"HHo]i7f]ŕNkfo'lb{j+utM ..@).
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fdt'Nof] g[kf]ŕejt \ .
t:o k'qf] 8Da/f]ŕlk of]UoM k'qf] aef} lkt'M ..@!..
tTk'qM s[i0f;fxf]ŕe"b \ ?b|:tTk'q Pj r .
k[YjLklt/e"b|fhf wfld{sf] nf]sk"lhtM ..@@..
t]g :jzf;g] /f1f b]Jof dlGb/d'Qdd\ .
s[t+ dgMsfdgfofM k|LTo} tq ;'zf]egd\ ..@#..
d}n] klxNo} elg;s]+ ls b|Jo;fxsf 5f]/f k'/Gb/;fx eP . ltgsf h]7f k'q 5q;fx
cNkfo' eO{ lbj+ut eP . sfG5f /fd;fx rfxL+ /fd h:t} /fhf eP . ltgsf 5f]/f
8Da/;fx cfŔgf lktfsf of]Uo k'q eP . ltgsf k'q s[i0f;fx eP . ltgsf 5f]/f
¿b|;fx . ltgsf 5f]/f k[YjLklt;fx a8f wfld{s / b'lgofn] cfb/ u/]sf eP . pgn]
cfŔgf] zf;gsfndf b]jL dgsfdgfsf] k|;Ggtfsf nflu ;fx|} /fd|f] dlGb/ ToxL+
agfPsf x'g\ .
obB dlGb/+ rfl:t t:o}j d"nlju|xM .
k[YjLkltlIftLz]g lgld{tf]ŕe"b \ dxfTdgf ..@$..
cfh h'g dlGb/ 5 To;sf] d"n :j¿ksf] /rgf dxfg\ cfTdf ePsf /fhf k[YjLklt
;fxn] agfPsf] xf] .
lgld{ltj{t{dfg:o dlGb/:o tbfŕejt \ .
e"of] e"of] dxLkfn}M ;+:s[t+ r :jzf;g] ..@%..
;f dgMsfdgfb]jL >4o}j+ ;dlr{tf .
Ptfb[zL /If0fLof ejtfŕlk k/Dk/f ..@^..
jt{dfg dlGb/sf] lgdf{0f Toltv]/ ePsf] xf] . kl5 kl5 klg /fhfx¿n] cfŔgf
zf;gsfndf To;nfO{ cem /fd|f] agfpg] sfd u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L eujtL >4fn] k"lht
ePsL 5g\ . o:tf] k/Dk/fnfO{ ;/sf/af6 klg /Iff x'g'k5{ .
sf b]jtf:tq j;lGt dlGb/]
b]Jof dgMsfdgof ;x}j ofM .
gfdflg tf;f+ dlxdfgdr{g]
tyf k|;fb:o r j0f{g+ z[0f' ..@&..
b]jL dgsfdgfsf ;fy}df To; dlGb/df s'g s'g b]jtf jf; ub{5g\ eGg] s'/f /
ltgsf gfdx¿, b]jLsf] k"hfsf] dlxdf / k|;fbsf] klg j0f{g ;'lgaS:of];\ .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL ;b}j l;+xjflxgL .
obf tq l:ytf /fhg\ eStfgf+ sfdbfŕejt \ ..@*..
tbf b]jfZr lglvnf:tqfuTo k|t'i6'j'M .
dft/+ tf+ hu4fqL+ nf]sqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..@(..
x] /fhg\, ;b}j l;+xsf] jfxgdf r9]sL tL dgsfdgf b]jL ha ToxfF /lxg\ / eStx¿sf]
OR5f k"/f ul/lbg] eOg\ ta ;f/f b]jtfx¿ ToxFf cfP/ pgsf] :t'lt ug{ yfn] .
u0f]zM k|yd+ k|fKo l:ytf] d"ifsjfxgM .
dft'/Í] oyf afnM k'ql:ti7lt ;j{bf ..#)..
tqfŕŕoof} s'df/L r x+;s'Ss'/jflxgL .
sflGtk'of+{ hg}of{ŕŕ:t] k"lhtf ax'leM ;bf ..#!..
;jfxgM ;dfuTo Zj]te}/j pQdM .
t:of eSt Oj l:yTjf eSt/Iff+ s/f]lt r ..#@..
;j{k|yd d";f] jfxg ;lxt >Lu0f]z ToxfF cfP/ j;] h;/L cfŔgL cfdfsf] sfvdf 5f]/f]
;b}j j:5 . xfF; / s's'/ jfxg ePsL s'df/L klg klg cfOg\ hf] sflGtk'/sf w]/}
hgtfaf6 k"lht 5g\ . ToxL+ c;n eSt em}+ Zj]te}/j jfxg ;lxt cfO{ j;]/
eStx¿sf] /Iff klg u5{g\ .
b]Jof cu|] If]ds/L of]lugL eStjT;nf .
kZrflT:ytf elSto'Stf j]tfnf ci6dft[sfM ..##..
Olt b]ju0ffM ;j{] tqfuTo ;;+e|dd\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/] ;+l:ytf d'bf ..#$..
b]jLsf cufl8 cfP/ eStnfO{ k|]d ug{ of]lugL a;]sL 5g\ . k5fl8 kl§ elStk"j{s
j]tfn, ci6dft[sfx¿ 5g\ . o;/L b]ju0f ;j} ToxfF em6k6 u/L cfP/ dgsfdgf
b]jLsf dlGb/df v'zL;fy j;]sf 5g\ .
cBflk ;Hhgf:tq uR5lGt k"hgfo o] .
;jf{;f+ b]jtfgf+ lx bz{g+ k|fKg'jlGt t] ..#%..
To;}n] cfh klg hf] eStx¿ ToxfF k"hf ug{ hfG5g\ ltgn] tL ;j} b]jtfx¿sf] bz{g
kfpF5g\ .
o] eStf elSt;DkGgf eujTofM k|k"hsfM .
t]iff+ g /f]uf bfl/b|Ø+ g}j b'Mv+ sbfrg ..#^..
hf] eStx¿ elStk"0f{ eP/ eujtLsf] k"hf /fd|f] ;+u ub{5g\ ltgnfO{ g /f]u nfU5, g
bfl/b|Øn] 5'G5, g t slxNo} b'Mv g} x'G5 .
of] dgMsfdgfb]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
u'Xofb\ u'Xot/+ k'0o+ b]jfgfdlk b'Nn{ed\ .
z[0f'ofb\ jf k7]b\ eSTof ; ne]t\ k/d+ ;'vd\ ..#&..
dgsfdgf b]jLsf] of] pQd dfxfTDo cToGt uf]Ko / kljq 5 . oxfF;Dd ls
b]jtfx¿sf nflu klg of] b'n{e 5 . o;nfO{ h;n] elStk"j{s ;'G5 cyjf k9\5 To;n]
k/d ;'v k|fKt ub{5 .
sGofyL{ net] sGof+ j/+ j/fly{gL ne]t\ .
k'qfyL{ net] k'q+ wgfyL{ net] wgd\ ..#*..
s'g} o'jsn] ljjfxsf nflu c;n sGof vf]h]sf] 5 eg] To;n] sGof kfpF5 . s'g}
o'jltn] c;n j/ vf]h]sL 5 eg] To;n] c;n j/ kfpF5] . 5f]/f] kfpg rfxg]n] 5f]/f]
kfpF5 . wg rfxg]n] wg kfpF5 .
nf]s}?bLl/t+ r}tR5«"ot] elStefjg}M .
Psd]j j/+ ofr]Hhgf] eStM :jhLjg] .
t+ j/+ k|fy{gfk|Ltf dftf k"/olt w'jd\ ..#(..
elStn] kl/k"0f{ ePsf dflg;x¿n] eg]sf] ;'lgG5 ls eSthgn] cfŔgf] hLjgdf Ps
dfq j/ dfUg' k5{ . dftfn] To;sf] j/ kSsf k"/f ul5{g\ .
;+:yfkgfsflns/fd;fx+
l//lIfif"g\ dlGb/d:o j+Zofg\ .
k[YjLklt+ tb\ b|9oGtd]jŖ
dfbz{e"k+ ;tt+ :d/fd ..$)..
b]jLsf] :yfkgf sfnsf /fhf /fd;fxnfO{, To; kl5 dlGb/nfO{ hf]ufO/fVg k|oTgzLn
pgsf j+zsf ;Gtfgx¿nfO{ / To; dlGb/nfO{ dha"t t'NofO{ agfpg] cfbz{ /fhf
k[YjLklt ;fxnfO{ ;bf ;j{bf ;+emf}+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{g+
gfd t[tLof]ŕWofoM ..#..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy rt'yf{{]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
nvGyfkf dxfl;4:tLyf{6g;d'T;'sM .
lgZrqmfd]lt ;+1ftf] ejb\j0f{gsf/0fft\ ..!..
k/+ s'q utM l;4M slt jiff{l0f rfŕe|dt \ .
dlGb/] r sbfŕŕoftM k"hfy{ + ; dxfd'lgM ..@..
cfuTo slt jiff{l0f nId0f]g s[tfr{gf <
tLyf{6glgj[Q]g ls+ s[t+ t]g of]lugf < ..#..
PtRr >"tt]ŕBflk :ju|fd+ k|fKo ;Gd'lg M .
Psl:dg\ uXj/] uTjf tq}jfGt/wLot ..$..
Olt ;To+ g jf ls+ tb\ u'?jof{lew]lx dfd\ .
ejtf]Stf+ syf+ >¦Tjf k'g/Lx] ttM k/d\ ..%..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ tLy{ e|d0f ug{ pT;'s nvGyfkf 3/af6 lg:s] eGg] t s'/f t
tkfO{Fn] g} j0f{g u/]sf sf/0fn] a'lemof] . t/ tL l;4 sxfF sxfF uP < slt jif{ ;Dd
tLyf{6g u/] < k"hfsf nflu dlGb/df km]l/ slxn] kmls{P < cfP/ slt jif{ ;Dd ltgn]
k"hf u/] < cyjf tLyf{6g u/]/ kmls{Psf tL of]uLn] s] sfd u/] < cfh klg o:tf]
;'lgG5 ls tL c;n d'lg cfŔgf] ufpFdf k'u]/ Pp6f u'kmfdf uP / ToxL+ g} cGtwf{g
eP . Tof] s'/f ;To xf] ls xf]Og < x] u'?j/, dnfO{ Tof] s'/f eGgf];\ . tkfO{Fn] eg]sf]
syf ;'g]/ d cem c? klg ;'Gg rfxG5' .
u'??jfr
t]g åfbzjiff{l0f tLy{]if' e|d0f+ s[td\ .
yfkfj+Zo]g l;4]g nId0f]g dxlif{0ff ..^..
otM d l;l4;DkGgM zlStdfg\ a'l4dfg\ g[k .
jfw{So]ŕKos/f]t \ tLy{ofqfdlk ;'b'is/fd\ ..&..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ yfkf j+zdf hlGdPsf l;4 nId0f dxlif{ -nvGyfkf_ n] afx| jif{ ;Dd
tLy{e|d0f u/]sf x'g\ . x] /fhg\, l;l4 kfPsf x'gfn] tL a"9f zlStdfg\ a'l4dfg\ lyP /
a'9];sfndf klg lgs} g} ufx|f] tLy{ofqf ltgn] u/] .
ci6l;l4;';DkGgf] nId0ff] elSt;+o'tM .
If0f]g dWos"6:y+ k|f;fbd'klti7t] ..
If0f]g b]JofM k"hfy{ dlGb/+ rf]klti7t] ..*..
ci6 l;l4 kfPsf eSt nId0f yfkf s:tf lyP eg] Ps} l5gdf dfemsf]6 -uf]/vf
b/af/_ df k'Uby] . Ps} l5gdf b]jL dgsfdgf dfO{sf] k"hf ug{ dlGb/df k'Uby] .
efuL/yL+ gbL+ gfjf t/tLh{g;+xtLM .
dWos"6:yk|f;fbfbkZot\ ; dxfd'lgM ..(..
ctf/ot\ ; :ju[xfb\ uËfof+ klttf~hgfg\ .
;efofd]sbf t:o j:q+ lsl~rT;d'lGbtd\ ..!)..
syd]tlblt k[i6M ;ef;b\leM ; ljl:dt}M .
jftf{dsyot\ l;4:t/Lb'3{6gflTdsfd\ ..!!..
hgfM sltko] t]g :jo+ gBfM ;d'4[tfM .
x:t]g ;bo+ b"/fbtf] j:q+ ;d'lGbtd\ ..!@..
df;fGt/] >'tf jftf{ t/Lb'3{6gflTdsf .
kj{tLof hgfM s]lrt\ tqfŕŕ;g\ 36gf:yn] ..!#..
efuL/yL gbLnfO{ gfpmdf r9]/ tl/x]sf hg;d"xnfO{ tL dxfd'lgn] uf]/vf dfemsf]6sf]
/fhb/af/af6} b]Vy] . uËfdf v;]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ 3/}af6 ptfl/lbGy] . Ps lbg
/fh;efdf g} ltgsf] n'uf s]xL leHof] . rlst eP/ ;ef;bx¿n] s;/L o:tf] eof]
egL pgnfO{ ;f]w] . clg uËfdf gfpm b'3{6gf ePsf] s'/f tL l;4n] atfP . ltgn] bof
u/]/ sltko dflg;nfO{ cfFkm} g} xftxfn]/ gbLaf6 lems]sf lyP . To;sf/0f pgsf]
n'uf leh]sf] lyof] . sltko kxf8af6 uPsf tLy{ofqLx¿ Tof] 36gf:yndf lyP /] .
jif{}åf{bzlebL{3{} e|{dGgf;Lt\ ;elStsM .
;snfGolk tLyf{lg nvGyfkf dxfd'lgM ..!$..
To:tf l;4 dxfd'lg nvGyfkf w]/} nfdf afx| jif{ ;Dd ;sn tLy{x¿ elStk"j{s
3'Db}/x] .
j[4f] åfbzjif{]ŕlk gfoft Olt lrGtof .
t:o ;GtltleM ;j{}af{Gwj}Zr ;dfs'n}M ..!%..
sl:d+lZrblk tLy{] lx ToStb]xf] ej]lblt .
dTjf t}:t' s[tfM ;jf{M lqmof:t:of}Wj{b]lxsfM ..!^..
t/ a"9f afx| jif{ e};Sof] cfPgg\ eg]/ lrGtfn] cfs'n ePsf ltgsf ;Gtfgx¿n] /
;a} aGw'afGwjx¿n] 7fg] ls s'g} /fd|f] tLy{df pgn] b]xTofu u/] xf]nfg\ . o:tf] ;f]r]/
ltgLx¿n] nvGyfkfsf] sfhlqmof ;j} yf]s u/] .
k/Gt' ; ;dfuR5b]sbf nId0ff] d'lgM .
l;4f] j[4:tkMk"tM :ju|fd+ :jhg}j[{td\ ..
k/+ kl/lrtf] g}j ;f]ŕejb \ ax¦leh{g}M ..!&..
t/ Ps lbg tL l;4 j[4 / tk:ofn] kljq ePsf nId0f d'lg cfŔgf dflg;x¿n]
el/Psf] ufpFdf k'g M kmls{P . t/ w]/} dflg;x¿n] pgnfO{ ca lrGb}gy] .
ls~r t]g >'tf rrf{ u|fddfu{] hg}M s[tf .
nvGyfkf d[t Olt e"of] g}jfuldiolt ..!*..
>[Tj}tfb[Ujr:t]g d'vft\ :ju|fdjfl;gfd\ .
cx+ u[x+ uldiofld g]lt tq}j lglZrtd\ ..!(..
ty}j lgZro+ s[Tjf ; u'xfEoGt/+ utM .
cGtwf{g+ ttM l;4M :jl;l4an;+o'tM ..@)..
To; dfly emg\ dflg;x¿n] nvGyfkf t dl/;s], ca km]l/ cfpFb}gg\ egL Tof] ufpFsf]
af6f]df rrf{ u/]sf] ltgn] ;'g] . cfŔgf ufpFsf jfl;Gbfx¿sf] d'vaf6 o:tf] jrg
;'g]/ ltgn] ca d 3/ hfGg egL ToxL+ g} lgwf] u/] . To;/L lgwf] u/]/ tL Ps u'kmfsf]
leq uP . / cfŔgf] l;l4sf] ann] tL l;4 ToxL+ g} cGtwf{g eP .
j}zfvd"l0f{dfof+ t' ; l;4f]ŕGt/wLot .
g s]gflk dg'io]0f b[i6M ;f]ŕgGt/+ d'lgM ..@!..
ttf]ŕe"g \ lglvn}nf]{]s} 1f{tf ……l;4u'xfÚÚ g[k .
;/x:of ttf]ŕuDofŕejt \ ;f k"lhtf u'xf ..@@..
tqfGt/] lx ljj/f} åf} dfuf{ljj ;+l:ytf} .
Psf] uf]/vfgfy:o u'xf+ k|fKgf]lt Xo'Q/] .
k/+ l;4M k'dfg]j tfdjfKt'+ lx zSg'oft\ ..@#..
j}zfv k"l0f{dfsf lbgdf tL l;4 ToxLF cGtwf{g ePsf lyP . To;kl5 s'g} dflg;n]
klg tL d'lgnfO{ b]v]g . To; kl5 Tof] u'kmfnfO{ ;f/f dflg;x¿n] æl;4u'kmfÚÚ eGg
yfn] . Tof] /x:ok"0f{ / cuDo u'kmf kljq dflgG5 / ToxFf k"hf ul/G5 . To; leq b'O{
Kjfn 5g\ hf] b'O{ j6f af6f h:tf 5g\ . Ps dfu{af6 pQ/lt/ hfFbf uf]/vgfysf]
u'kmfdf k'luG5 . t/ l;4 k'?if dfq To;/L ToxfF k'Ug ;S5
t:of+ u'xfof+ kltt+ kmn+ lsl~rblk b|'td\ .
uf]/IfuXj/] k|fKt+ ejtLlt hg>'ltM ..@$..
tyf lsl~rblgi6+ t' olb b]z] kltiolt .
uf]/vfsflnsf/St+ u'xfof+ b[Zot] hg}M ..@%..
Tof] u'kmfdf v;]sf] s'g} kmn l56f] u/L uf]/vgfysf] u'kmf;Dd k'U5] eGg] hg>'lt 5 .
;fy} b]zdf s'g} clgi6 kg{ cfF6Øf] eg] uf]/vfsflnsfaf6 au]/ cfPsf] /ut ToxfF klg
b]lvG5 eG5g\ .
s'nb]j+ k"holGt Nxfof]j+Zof:t' tq lx .
nvGyfkfj+zhftf j}zfvk"l0f{dflbg] ..@^..
Psbf g ;dfgLtM k"hfy{dlUg/]j t}M .
ls+ st{Joldlt If'Aw}:t}M k[i6+ t' k/:k/d\..@&..
tb}s]gf]StldTy+ ob\ nvGyfkf tkf]ŕs/f]t \ .
oBq r]QbflUg:t' nEof] lgZrk|r+ ej]t\ ..@*..
OTo'STj}s]g e"df} lx lsl~rb'Tvlgt+ tbf .
k|fKtf]ŕlUg:tq ;fZro{+ e:du"9M ;'/lIftM ..@(..
tl:dGgUgf} s[t+ ;j{+ xjgflbsd'Qdd\ .
Olt t] s[ts[Tof lx hftf nId0fj+zhfM ..#)..
j}zfvk"l0f{dfsf lbgdf Nxfof] j+zsf nvGyfkfsf j+zh du/x¿ ToxL+ g} s'nb]jtfsf]
k"hf ub{5g\ . Ps kN6 ltgLx¿n] k"hfsf] nflu cfuf] g} NofPg5g\ . clg t em;Ë
eP/ ltgLx¿n] cfk;df s] ug{] eg]/ ;f]w] . clg Ps hgfn] o;f] eg]5 Ŗ æolb
nvGyfkfn] oxfF tk:of u/]sf x'g\ eg] t oxfF cfuf] lgZro g} kfOg' k5{ .ÚÚ o;f] eg]/
Ps hgfn] hdLgdf s]xL vGof] . a8f] cfZor{sf ;fy ToxfF v/fgLn] k'l/Psf] cfuf]
;'/lIft kfOof] . clg ToxL cfuf]df ltgLx¿n] xjg cflb pQd sfo{x¿ u/] . o;/L
nId0f yfkfsf j+zhx¿ s[ts[To eP .
nvGyfkf u'xf oq ttM ;f}Gbo{zflngL .
lxdfnoflblzv/}M zf]letf b[Zot] dxL ..#!..
hxfF nvGyfkf u'kmf 5 ToxfFaf6 lxdfno cflb lzv/n] zf]let wtL{ Hofb} /fd|f] b]lvG5
.
uf]/vfdWos"6:yf u'xf of nf]sk"lhtf .
u'/f]uf{]/vgfy:o tkf]e"ldl/lt :d[tf ..#@..
uf]/vf dfemsf]6df /x]sf] ;f/f b'lgofFn] k"hf ul/g] h'g u'? uf]/vgfysf] u'kmf 5 Tof]
pgsf] tkf]e"ld xf] elgG5 .
kZo l;4u'xftM >Luf]/vfsflnsf+ lzjfd\ .
tq}j /fhk|f;fbf] b[Zot] ;'dgf]x/M ..##..
l;4 u'kmfaf6 sNof0fsfl/0fL >Luf]/vfsflnsf b]lvlG5g\, x]/ . ToxL+ g} Hofb} /fd|f] /fh
b/af/ klg b]lvG5 .
PtTkljq+ ;'dgf]x/+ :yn+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f rlr{td\ .
of] dfgjf] uR5lt >4oflGjtM
k|fKgf]To;f} l;4z'eflzif+ s[tL ..#$..
of] cToGt kljq / /d0fLo :yn l;4 yfkf du/n] rlr{Psf lyP . h'g dflg; To;
:yndf >4fk"j{s hfG5 To; efUodfgLn] l;4sf] z'e cfzLif kfpF5 .
pRr}M l:yt}/fTdank|k"l/t}Ŗ
h{g}o'{t+ /fi6«ldb+ a[xTsyd\ .
ej]lblt k|:km'l6tfŕq efjgf
uf]/Ifb]z:o dxLkt]x{[lb ..#%..
cUnf 7fpFdf j:g], cfTdann] k"0f{ ePsf hgtfn] el/Psf] of] /fi6« s;/L a[xt\ -7"nf]_
xf]nf eGg] efjgf uf]/vfsf /fhfsf] x[bodf oxL 7fpFdf k|:km'l6t ePsf] lyof] .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] nvGyfkftLyf{6gŖ
l;4u'xfj0f{g+ gfd rt'yf{]ŕWofoM ..$..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k~rdf]ŕWofoM .
/fhf]jfr
b]JofZrl/tdfs0o{ e"of]ŕlk >f]t'd'T;'sM .
sLb[z+ rl/t+ b]Jof:tT;j{+ jb d] u'/f] Û ..!..
ls+ k|bf:olt eSt]EoM sfdbf eStjT;nf .
OTo]tT;j{dfVoft'+ Tjdx{l; ljbf+ j/ .
tbfs0o{}j d] zfGt+ eljiolt u'/f] dgM ..@..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ b]jL dgsfdgfsf] rl/q ;'g]/ d c? klg ;'Gg pT;'s ePsf]
5' . u'?b]j, b]jLsf] rl/q s:tf] 5 Tof] ;j} dnfO{ eGg'xf];\ . eStnfO{ k|]d ug{] b]jLn]
cfŔgf eStnfO { s] s] lblG5g\ < ;j} s'/f hfGg]x¿dWo] tkfO{+ g} ;j{>]i7 x'g'x'G5,
To;}n] dnfO{ ;j} s'/f eGg' k¥of] . Tof] ;j} ;'g]/ dfq d]/f] dg zfGt x'g]5 .
u'??jfr
;j{d]tb\ huT;[i6+ oofŕBfzlSt¿kof .
t:of eSTof hg}nf]{]s] olTsl~rblk nEot] ..#..
ob\ ob\ eSt}o{yfelSt k|fKt+ k"j{+ dxLkt] .
tlTsl~rR5«"otfdB ;+If]k]0f a|jLDoxd\ ..$..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ h'g cfBf zlSt¿k b]jLn] of] ;f/f hut\ g} ;[li6 ul/g\ ltgsf]
elSt ugf{n] h] klg kfpg ;lsG5 . x] /fhg\, elSt cg';f/ eStx¿n] klxnf h] h]
k|fKt u/] cfh clnslt To; jf/]df ;'Gg'xf];\ . d ;+If]kdf s]xL eGb5' .
o] oyf df+ k|kBGt] tf+:ty}j ehfDoxd\ .
Olt s[i0f]g ;Dk|f]St+ k'/f eujtf oyf ..%..
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL tyf sfdk|bf g[k Û
o] oyf tf+ k|kBGt] huTqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..
tGdgMsfdgfb]Jof eSTofŕ;fWo+ g ls~rg ..^..
hf] dsxfF h'g ¿kdf cfpF5, To;nfO{ d To;} ¿kdf k|fKt x'G5' egL h;/L eujfg\
>Ls[i0fn] w]/} cl3 eGg'ePsf] lyof] To;} u/L h;n] tL tLg} nf]ssf] lxt rfxg]
eujtLsf] ;]jf elSt ub{5g\ ltgnfO{ dgsfdgf b]jLn] klg To;} u/L kmn lblG5g\ .
dgsfdgf b]jLsf] elStaf6 ;+ej gx'g] eg]sf] s'/f s]xL klg 5}g .
/fd;fxf] dxfGofoL /fhfŕe"t \ nf]sjT;nM ..
//If s[kof b]jL t+ e"k+ tTk|hfZr ;f ..&..
k[YjLkltd{xLkfnM ;fxj+z;d'b\ejM .
b]jLdlGb/lgdf{tf ;j{nf]s}M k|k"lhtM ..*..
/fd;fx a8f] GofoL / b'lgofnfO{ k|]d ug{] /fhf eP . tL /fhf / ltgsf k|hfnfO{ klg
b]jLn] /Iff u/]sL lyO{g\ . ;fxj+zdf hlGdPsf k[YjLklt gfd u/]sf /fhfn] b]jLsf]
dlGb/ agfPsf lyP / tL ;f/f b'lgofn] cfb/ ul/Psf /fhf eP .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]kdM .
t]g Joj:yf k"hfy+{ dxtL ljlxtf lsn ..(..
gef]g]qfi6e";+Vo] -!*@)_ j}qmdfAb] dxLe'hf .
b]Jo} ;dlk{tf t]g a|Llxd"/LztåoL ..!)..
tb'Tkfbgkof{Kt+ hn3df{g's"lntd\ .
z]/fVod'j{/+ If]q+ jqmfËu|fd;+l:ytd\ ..!!..
;dlk{t+ t]g /f1f nf]sk"Ho]g wLdtf .
cIftfŖw"kŖbLkflbŖg}j]Bfy{ ;elStsd\ ..!@..
5fuf åfbz dlxifZr}sf]ŕe"t \ k|ltxfogd\ .
rt'df{0fldt+ wfGo+ skf]t]EoZr k|Toxd\ .
Piff Joj:yf e"k]g sfl/tfŕŕ;Lb \ dxfTdgf ..!#..
/fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx k[YjLdf hlGdPsf gf/fo0f ;dfg lyP . pgn] dgsfdgf
dfO{sf] k"hfsf] lgldQ ;fFRr} 7"nf] Joj:yf u/] . ljqmd ;+jt\ !*@) df /fhfn] @))
d'/L wfg b]jL dgsfdgfnfO{ r9fP . Tolt wfg pAhf ug{ k'Ug], /fd|f] kfgL / 3fd
nfUg] jqmfª ufpFdf /x]sf] z]/f gfds pj{/ v]t nf]sn] cfb/ ul/Psf a'l4dfg\ tL
/fhfn] ;dk{0f u/] . elStk"j{s cIftf, w"k, bLk, g}j]B r9fpg / k|To]s jif{ !@ af]sf,
! /fFuf] / k/]jfx¿nfO{ k|ltlbg $ dfgf wfg lbg] u/L o:tf] Joj:yf tL dxfg\ cfTdf
ePsf /fhfn] u/] .
tGdgM sfdgfb]JofM s[kof k'0osd{0ff
t]g e"kltgf /fi6«lj:tf/f] ljlxt:tbf ..!$..
>LdgMsfdgfdft'M k"hfy{+ e"o Pj ;M
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] wfGod"l/sfi6zt+ bbf} ..!%..
o:tf k'0osd{ u/]sf /fhfn] dgsfdgf dfO{sf] s[kfn] ubf{ ha ;kmntfk"j{s /fi6«sf]
lj:tf/ u/] clg b]jL dgsfdgfsf] k"hfdf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fxn] *)) d'/L wfg km]l/ klg
ck{0f u/] .
b]JofM k|;fbtf] /f1f /fi6«d]sLs[t+ b[9d\ .
b]Jof Pj k|;fbfRr /fi6«+ ;+/lIft+ ;bf ..!^..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fi6«ldlt >'td\ .
PtGdgMsfdgfofM k|;fbfb]j ;Dejd\ ..!&..
k[YjLgf/fo0fM ;fxf] b]Jof eStf] dxfg\ g[kM
b]jLk|;fbftM sfo+{ sl7g~rflk ;f]ŕs/f]t \ ..!*..
b]jLsf] s[kfn] /fhfn] /fi6«sf] b[9 PsLs/0f u/] . b]jLsf] s[kfn] g} of] /fi6« ;bf ;+/lIft
klg 5 . ljZjdf Ps dfq lxGb"/fi6« egL lrlgPsf] 5 . of] ;j dgsfdgf dftfsf]
s[kfn] g} ;Dej ePsf] xf] . k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fx b]jLsf k/d eSt x'gfn] g} 7"nf /fhf
eP . b]jLs} s[kfn] pgn] /fi6« PsLs/0fsf] sl7g sfo{ klg ;DkGg u/] .
eSTofTo'Ts6of o'Stf g/f cBflk lgZrod\ .
l;l4+ neGt] du/f] nvGyfkf oyf k'/f ..!(..
Hofb} 7"nf] elSt ug{] dflg;x¿ cfh klg lgZro g} To:t} l;l4 k|fKt ug{ ;S5g\
h:tf] ls k|frLg sfndf nvGyfkf du/n] k|fKt u/]sf lyP .
Ptr\ 5|'«t+ hg}M k"j{+ ob]sf] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
s[Tjf dft'M :t'lt+ ;Bf] elSto'St]g r]t;f ..@)..
l;l4+ nAWjf nvGyfkfu'xfofdfljj]z x .
ttM kmnflg rfbfo eSt]EoM k|bbf} d'bf ..@!..
dflg;x¿n] ;'g]sf 5g\ ls klxn] Ps kljq a|fXd0fn] cToGt elSto'St lrQn] dftf
dgsfdgfsf] :t'lt u/]/ tTsfn l;l4 k|fKt u/] / nvGyfkf u'kmfdf g} k;] /] .
ToxfFaf6 kmnx¿ NofP/ v'zL;fy eStx¿nfO{ afF8] /] .
k/+ b'/fzf b'isfdf neGt] b08d]j r .
ctf] j/+ ;d'lrt+ z'ed]j lx sfdo]t\ ..@@..
Ps]g uf]/vfb]z] b'le{If+ k|fly{t+ k'/f .
:ju[x:y+ obGg+ d] dxf3{+ tb\ ej]lblt ..@#..
Olt :jfy{k|]l/t]g nf]eflji6]g r]t;f .
k"hf r ljlxtf dft'?krf/}:t' k~rleM ..@$..
k/+ dftfŕejTq'm4f tfb[z] t¦ j/fly{g] .
;wfGo+ tb\u[x+ ;Bf] bUwdfsl:dsflUggf ..@%..
kZrfQfkft\ ; tf+ b]jL+ k|fy{ofdf; elSttM .
kfbof]/ktGdft'M Ifdfofrgof ttM ..@^..
t/ h;n] b'i6 cfzf of b'i6 OR5f /fv]sf] 5 To;n] t dftfaf6 b08 kfpF5 .
To;sf/0f /fd|f] / plrt j/sf] dfq OR5f ug"{ . plxn] Ps hgf wgLn] uf]/vf k|b]zdf
b'le{If -csfn_ xf];\ eg]/ k|fy{gf u¥of] . To;f] eP d]/f] 3/sf] h'g cGg 5 Tof] dxFuf]
xf]nf eGg] p;sf] rfxgf lyof] . o:tf] :jfy{n] k|]l/t / nf]en] lnKt lrQn] p;n] dftf
dgsfdgfsf] k~rf]krf/ k"hf u¥of] . t/ dftf dgsfdgf To:tf] j/ dfUg] dflg;l;t
l/;fpg'eof] . To; dflg;sf] wfg ;lxtsf] 3/ t'?Gt cfunfuL eP/ 89Øf] . kl5
uP/ p;n] km]l/ dftfsf] kfpmdf k/]/ k|fy{gf u¥of] . d}n] u/]sf] of] d]/f] ck/fw Ifdf
u/ eg]/ To;n] Ifdf dfUof] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM z[0f' ¿Rof+ s[kfsyfd\ .
cf;Lb]sf] låh>]i7M ;j{zf:qljb'QdM ..@&..
ljk|]0ff]Wj{jo:o]j s[tf] bf/kl/u|xM .
efof{ rf]Wj{jof:t:o ae"j k'qsfª\lIf0fL ..@*..
;GtltM :ofGgj]lt åf} lrGtofdf;t'lZr/d\ .
>LdgMsfdgf tfEof+ b]jL ;Dk|fly{tf ;bf ..@(..
tof]e{STof k|;Ggf ;f b]jL+ tfEof+ bbf} ;'td\ ..
;'Gb/+ ;b\a'l4dGt+ :j:y+ r s'nbLksd\ ..#)..
låtLodlk ;Tk'q+ b]jL tfEof+ bbf} d'bf ..#!..
cy tf} bDktL dft'b{z{gfo ;k'qsf} .
uTjf eSTof dft'/Í] Go:tjGtfj'ef} ;'tf} ..#@..
tfEof+ lgj]lbt+ r}tb\ Ŗ ej2Qf} lx afnsf} .
/If0fLof} ejTo}j, jo+ t' z/0ffutfM ..##..
tyf k|;Ggf ;f b]jL //If r tof]M ;'tf} ..#$..
b]jL dgsfdgfsf] Ps csf{] /fd|f] s[kfsyf ;'g . Ps hgf pQd a|fXd0f lyof] h;n]
w]]/} zf:q hfg]sf] lyof] . To;n] lgs} pd]/ ePkl5 dfq ljjfx u¥of] . To;sL kTgL
klg lgs} pd]/ ePsL lyO{ hf] 5f]/f] k}bf xf];\ eGg] rfxGyL . tL b'j}nfO{ xfd|f] ;Gtfg
xf]nf gxf]nf eGg] lrGtf lyof] . To;sf/0f tL b'j}n] dgsfdgf dfO{sf] ;b}j k|fy{gf u/]
. ltgLx¿sf] elStb]lv v'zL eP/ b]jLn] ltgLx¿nfO{ a8f] /fd|f], c;n a'l4 ePsf],
:j:y / s'n} pHofnf] kfg{] bLk h:tf] 5f]/f] lbg'eof] . b]jL v'zL eP/ ltgLx¿nfO{ bf];|f]
klg c;n k'q lbg'eof] . clg tL b'O{ bDktL b'j} 5f]/fx¿ lnP/ dgsfdgf dfO{sf]
bz{g ug{ uP / tL b'j} 5f]/fx¿nfO{ elStk"j{s dftfsf] sfvdf /fv]/ b'j}n] ljGtL u/]
Ŗ ædftf, oL b'a} afns xh"/n] lbPsf x'g\ / xh"/n] g} oL b'O{sf] /Iff ug'{k5{ . xfdLx¿
t ;j} g} xh"/sf] z/0fdf cfPsf 5f}+ .ÚÚ Tof] ;'g]/ k|;Gg ePsL b]jL dgsfdgfn] tL
b'O{sf k'qx¿ / ltgsf ;GtfgnfO{ ;d]t /If0f ub{l5g\ /] .
ax'Eof] ax'zf] Xo]iff syf k"j{+ >'tf hg}M .
ljZjo'4] lx k|yd] låtLo] r}j ;}lgsfM ..
g}kfnf o] d[tf:t]iff+ d[To'gfDafŕltb'Mlvtf ..#$..
w]/} dflg;n] w]/} hgfaf6 w]/} kN6 of] s'/f ;'g]sf 5g\ . k|yd / låtLo ljZjo'4df hf]
g]kfnL ;}lgsx¿ dfl/P, ltgsf] d[To'af6 dftf dgsfdgf b]jLn] Hofb} b'Mv dfGg'eof] .
e6}M sltko}M k"j{+ k|fy{gf;Lt\ s[tf g[k Û
t]iff+ /Iffef/e/fblDasf >flGtdGje"t\ ..#^..
:j]blSnGgfŕejb \ d"lt{j{:q}M ;Dk|f]l~5tf tbf .
k|TofuTo e6}M k"hf alnbfgo'tf s[tf ..
nf]sf hfglGt tt\ ;j{+ b]JofM kl/;/] l:ytfM ..#&..
x] /fhg\, slt l;kfxLx¿n] t klxn] g} b]jLsf] efsn u/]sf lyP . To;sf/0f
ltgLx¿sf] /Iff ug'{ kg{] sfdsf] ef/n] dftfnfO{ ysfO{sf] cg'ej eof] /] . dftfsf]
d"lt{ kl;gfn] leHof] / Toltv]/ sk8fn] k'5\g k¥of] . kl5 cfP/ l;kfxLx¿n] aln
;d]t r9fP/ k"hf u/] . dgsfdgf dfO{sf] dlGb/ j/k/ a:g] ;f/f dflg;x¿ Tof] ;j
s'/f hfGb5g\ .
o+ o+ lrGtot] sfd+ t+ t+ k|fKgf]lt dfgjM .
k/df+ elStdfkGgf] b]VofM k|Lltk|;fbtM ..#*..
k/d elSt u/]sf] dflg;l;t b]jL v'zL x'g] x'gfn] To:tf] dflg;n] h] OR5f dgdf
/fVof] Tof] kfpg ;S5 .
dlGb/+ kl/tM z}n] j[Iffg\ k'ikfl0f rfg3fM .
;+jw{olGt r]t\ t] :o'M ;j{;f}efUozflngM ..#(..
dgsfdgf dfO{sf] dlGb/ j/k/ 8fF8fdf ?vx¿ / km"nx¿ x'sf{pg] c;n
dflg;x¿nfO{ ;j} lsl;dsf] efUon] ;fy lbG5 .
dlGb/+ kl/tM slZrt\ kfksd{ s/f]lt r]t\ .
y"Tsf/dnd"qflb b]Jof ; bl08tf] ej]t\ ..$)..
dlGb/ j/k/ s;}n] kfk sfd u5{ of y'Sg], lb;f, lk;fa ug{] sfd u5{ eg] To;nfO{
b]jLn] s'g} g s'g} b08 ;hfo cjZo lbg'x'G5 .
Ps]g Psbf j[Iff] dlGb/:oflGts] l:ytM .
l5Gg:tbf l;Wd/f]uL ;f]ŕejt \ ;B Pj lx ..$!..
Ps kN6 Ps hgfn] dlGb/sf] guLrsf] ¿v sf6]5 . To;nfO{ t'?Gt} kf08'/f]u -5fnf
7fpFŖ7fpFdf ;]tf] x'g] /f]u, b'aL_ eof] .
s]jn+ dfgjf g}j kz'klIfd[ufBlk .
>LdgMsfdgf;Gg] j;lGt elStefjtM ..$@..
lj+zltjif{ko{Gt+ k|Tox+ sfsbDktL .
b[i6f} j[If] elSto'tf} b]JofZr/0f;]jsf} ..$#..
s]jn dflg;x¿ dfq xf]Og, kz', kIfL, d[uflb klg ToxfF b]jL dgsfdgfsf] elSt u/]/
a:b5g\ . elgG5 ls nuftf/ jL; jif{ ;Dd sfusf Ps hf]8L x/]s lbg ¿vdf
lbge/ j;]/ elStk"j{s b]jLsf] r/0fsf] ;]jf u/]sf] klg b]lvof] .
kfkfTdg] eujtL b08d]j k|oR5lt .
t:dfb\ eSTof ljz'4fTdf hgf] uR5]QblGtsd\ ..$$..
dgdf kfk ePsfnfO{ eujtLn] b08 g} lbg'x'G5 . To;sf/0f elStk"j{s z'4 cfTdf
ePsf] dflg; eujtLsf] ;dLkdf hfcf];\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM o] g/f elStefljtfM .
t]iff+ ;Tsfdgf k"0ff{ eljiolt g ;+zoM ..$%..
>Ldgsfdgf b]jLsf] elSt ug{] hf] dflg; 5g\ ltgsf] ;lbR5f k"/f x'G5 x'G5 . o;df
s'g} zÍf 5}g .
dgf]ŕlesfdfGbbtL+ bofn'Ŗ
df/fWo b]jL+ hutf] ljwfqLd\ .
cnf}lssL+ zlStdjfKo k[YjLŖ
gf/fo0ff] /fHod'¿rsf/ ..$^..
td]jdGofglk zlSteStfŖ
gf/fWo tf+ k"0f{dgf]ŕlenfiffg \ .
sfdk|bfqL+ hggL+ ;dRo{
/fi6«k+lti7f+ jod'Ggo]d ..$&..
dgn] lrtfPsf] sfdgf k"/f ug{], ljZjsf] /rgf ug{], bofn' b]jLsf] cf/fwgf åf/f
cnf}lss zlSt kfPsf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fxn] cfŔgf] /fHo ljzfn agfP . tL /fhfnfO{
tyf b]jLsf] cf/fwgf u/]/ cfŔgf clenfiffx¿ k"/f ug{] c? klg b]jLeStx¿nfO{ ;+em]/
/ dgsf] OR5f k"/f ul/lbg] dgsfdgfsf] k"hf u/]/ xfdLx¿ klg /fi6«sf] k|lti7f pGgt
u/f}+ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgfelStkmnj0f{g+ gfd k~rdf]ŕWofoM ..%..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ifi7f]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'t+ dof ejQf] lx b]JofZrl/td'Qdd\ .
tbrf{ljifo+ e"oM >f]t'ldR5lt d] dgM ..!..
Joj:yf sLb[zL b]JofM k"hfy{+ ljlxtf g[k}M .
k'/fe"t}h{g}e{St}M sy+ k"hf Xosfl/ j} ..@..
sy+ rfw'lgs}e{St}M k"Hot]ŕ:dfle/lDasf .
sy+ r ;f k"hgLof u'/f] ;j{+ a|jLt' d] ..#..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ xh"/af6 g} d}n] b]jLsf] pQd rl/q ;'g]+ . ca d]/f] dg b]jLsf]
k"hfsf ljifodf ;'Gg OR5f ub{5 . k'/fgf /fhfx¿n] b]jLsf] k"hf ug{] s:tf] Joj:yf
u/]sf lyP < klxnfsf eSthgx¿n] s;/L k"hf ub{y] < s:tf] k/Dk/f 5 < xfdL
cfhsf eStx¿n] dftfsf] k"hf s;/L ug{] < b]jLsf] k"hf s;/L x'g' kg{] xf] < x] u'?b]j,
dnfO{ ;a} s'/f eGgf];\ .
u'??jfrfr
elSt/]j dxb\ j:t' eSTof ls+ gflwuDot] .
elStefjgof o'StM k'dfFNnf]s] dxLot] ..$..
u'?af6 cf1f eof] Ŗ ;j} eGbf 7"nf] s'/f] elSt g} xf] . elStaf6 s] kfOGg / < / c;n
eSt dflg; t b'lgofdf g} k"Ho x'G5 .
>j0f+ sLt{g+ b]JofM :d/0f+ kfb;]jgd\ .
cr{g+ jGbg+ bf:oefjdfTdlgj]bgd\ ..%..
kq+ k'ik+ kmn+ tf]o+ t:o} eSTof lgj]bo]t\ .
u[X0fflt hggL t'i6f :jfÍ] sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eSt+ lx tfb[z+ b]jL ;fg'sDk+ r /Iflt ..^..
b]jLsf] syf ;'Gg] , gfd sLt{g ug{], b]jLnfO{ dgdf ;b}j ;Demg], b]jLsf] r/0fsf] ;]jf
ug{], k"hf ug{], 9f]Ug], b]jLsf] bf; h:tf] u/L ;]jf ug{], / b]jLsf] ;dIf cfTd;dk{0f
kft, km"n, kmn, kfgL r9fpF5 tL ;j} s'/f dftfn] ;Gt'i6 eP/ cfŔgf] sfvdf g}
lng'x'G5 . To:tf] eStnfO{ b]jLn] bof u/]/ ;'/Iff klg ug'{x'G5 .
cxf]leg{jle:tq dxfeStf:t' s]rg .
k"hfdv08f+ s'j{lGt b]JofZr/0fof]M l>tfM ..&..
sf]xL dxfg\ eStx¿ gf} lbg ;Dd cv08 k"hf ub{5g\ . / b]jLsf] r/0fdf cf>o lnP/
a:5g\ .
>Ldgsfdgfb]jL+ eSTofr{olt k"hsM .
nvGyfkfs'nf]TkGgf] du/M k'?iff] j|tL ..*..
k"hfJojl:yltM k|fRof ljlzi6f r k/Dk/f .
k|Tox+ k"hs]g}j lgTok"hf ljwLot] ..(..
nvGyfkfsf] j+zdf hlGdPsf / z'4 lgoddf a;]sf Ps du/ k'?ifn] dftf
dgsfdgfsf] elStk"j{s k"hf ub{5g\ . dgsfdgfsf] hf] k"hfJoj:yf 5 Tof] k|frLg
k/Dk/f xf] . / Tof] k/Dk/f ljlzi6 vfnsf] 5 . k'hf/Ln] k|ltlbg lgTok"hf ub{5g\ .
k|ftM sd{s/}M ;j{+ dlGb/+ kl/dfHo{t] .
k|IffNot] r z'4]g hn]g ;j{tM ;bf ..!)..
k|ftåf{/+ dlGb/:of]b\3f6Øt] ;Ktjfbg] .
s]jn+ k"hsf] d'Vof] b]jL+ k"hot] tbf ..!!..
k'ikfIft}w"{kbLkg}j]Bflble/r{gd\ .
s/f]lt k|Tox+ z'4f] d'VoM k"hs Pj ;M ..!@..
åf/+ lga4Ø ;f k"hf t]g}s]g ljwLot] ..!#..
klxnf ljxfg sfdbf/x¿ åf/f dlGb/ j/k/ ;j} ;kmf ul/G5 . ;Fw} ljxfg dlGb/sf]
j/k/ rf]vf] kfgLn] kvflnG5 . ljxfg ;ft ah] dlGb/sf] 9f]sf p3fl/G5 . t/ Tolt
v]/ b]jLsf] d'Vo k'hf/Ln] dfq k"hf ub{5g\ . km"n, cIftf, w"k, bLk, g}j]B cflb r9fP/
d'Vo k'hf/Ln] g} k"hf ub{5g\ . o;/L pgn] k"hf ubf{ 9f]sf y'g]/ pgL PSn}n] dfq k"hf
ub{5g\ .
dlGb/fEoGt/] k"hf obf t]g ljwLot] .
;f k"hf uf]kgLo]lt ærfk"hfÚÚ XolewLot] ..
k'ikfIftf ljsLo{Gt] dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..!$..
dlGb/ leq a;]/ pgL PSn}n] ha k"hf ub{5g\ Tof] k"hf uf]Ko x'gfn] To;nfO{ rfk"hf
elgG5 . To; kl5 dlGb/ j/k/ cIftf k"mnx¿ 5l/G5 .
ttf] dxfk|;fbf] lx k"hs]g ;dKo{t] .
b]JofM dxfk|;fb:t' ljz]ifM kl/sNKot] ..!%..
eujTofM k|;fbfo :ju[x] k"hs]g lx .
;'t08'n+ 3[tfSt+ r nj0f+ j];jf/sd\ ..!^..
Jo~hgflg ;d]To}j k"hs]g}j kRot] .
dxfk|;fbkrg] bjL{ g}j k|o'Hot] ..!&..
To; kl5 ltgn] dgsfdgf b]jLnfO{ dxfk|;fb r9fpF5g\ . b]jLsf] dxfk|;fb ljz]if
lsl;dsf] agfOG5 . b]jLsf] Tof] k|;fb k'hf/Lsf] cfŔg} 3/df /fd|f] rfdn, 3Lp xfn]/ /
g"g, j];f/, t/sf/Lx¿ ;d]t Ps} 7fpFdf ld;fP/ k'hf/Ln] g} ksfpF5g\ . of] dxfk|;fb
ksfpFbf 8f8'ŖkGo'sf] k|of]u gu/Lsg g} ksfOG5 .
k"hs:o u[xft\ :yfn] /fht] ljlgwfo lx .
cfR5fB /Stj:q]0f k|;fbf] gLot] g[k Û ..!*..
:k|i6Jof] g}j s]gflk b|i6Jof] g}j s]glrt\ .
z'4fR5'4tdf] b]Jo} k|;fbf] lx ;dKo{t] ..!(..
k'hf/Lsf] 3/af6 rfFbLsf] yfndf /fv]/ /ftf] j:qn] 5f]k]/ k|;fb dlGb/df NofOG5 . Tof]
k|;fb s;}n] 5'g x'Fb}g / s;}n] b]Vg klg x'Fb}g . o;/L z'4 eGbf klg z'4 k|;fb
b]jLnfO{ r9fOG5 .
otf] b]JofM :yfksZr k|ydM k"hsf] g/M .
cf;LR5«LnId0f:yfkf nvGyfk]lt lj>'tM ..@)..
t]g b]JofM k"hs:t' tå+Zof] du/f] ej]b\ .
Olt Joj:yf k|frLgf g s}lZrblk ?Wot] ..@!..
Odf+ Joj:yf+ oM slZrGg s'of{t\ kl/jlt{tfd\ .
slZrTs/f]lt d"9Zr]b\ b]Jof b08Øtdf] ej]t\ ..@@..
b]jLsf] ;+:yfks / k|yd k'hf/L nvGyfkf eg]/ lrlgPsf nId0f yfkf x'gfn] dgsfdgf
b]jLsf k'hf/L pg}sf j+zsf du/ x'g]5g\ . of] k|frLg Joj:yf s;}n] klg /f]Sg ;St}g .
o; Joj:yfnfO{ s;}n] klg kl/jt{g gu/f];\ . s'g} d"v{n] gaem]/ o;df kl/jt{g ug{
vf]Hof] eg] To;nfO{ b]jLn] s7f]/ b08 lbg'x'g] lglZrt 5 .
k'/f]lxtZr tqfŕ:t] cfq]of] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
d/x§flåhZr}j b]jLefujt+ k7]t\ ..@#..
Olt Joj:yf bf9Ø{]g /lIftfŕl:t ;gftgL .
lgaf{w¿k]0f r ;f Joj:yf Xog'kfNot] ..@$..
ToxfFsf] k'/f]lxt rf]vf cof{n a|fXf0f 5g\ . d/x§f a|fXd0fn] rfFxL b]jLefujt k9\5g\ .
o:tf] ;'b[9 Joj:yf ;bfsfn b]lv rn]/ cfPsf] 5 . / ;f] Joj:yf s'g} afwf Jojwfg
ljgf kfngf ul//flvPsf] 5 .
d'Vok"hsk"hfofM kZrfb]j lx k|Toxd\ .
k"holGt dxfb]jL+ eStf cGofM ;elStsfM ..@%..
w"k+ bLk+ kmn+ k'ik+ j:qfl0f r oy]R5of .
hgfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} eSTofk{olGt r ..@^..
d'Vo k'hf/Ln] k"hf ul/;s]kl5 dfq elStdfg\ cGo eSthgx¿n] dxfb]jLsf] k"hf ug{
kfpF5g\ . w"k, bLk, kmn, km"n, j:q cfŔgf] a'l4 cg';f/ ;f}efUo j:t'x¿ -r'/f, P]gf,
6Lsf, kf]t] cflb_ klg eSthgn] b]jLnfO{ ck{0f ub{5g\ .
s'Ss'6R5fux+;fBf dlxiff aln¿ksfM .
oyfk|lt1+ bLoGt] b]Jof:t[KTo} hg}:;bf .. @&..
k|lt1ftf] alnM ls+ jf eSt+ k[R5lt k"hsM .
tbg';[To ;+sNkjrg+ tq k7Øt] ..@*..
s'v'/f, af]sf, xfF;, /fFuf cflb efsn cg';f/ alnsf ¿kdf v'zL;fy b]jLsf] t[lKtsf
nflu dflg;x¿n] ck{0f ub{5g\ . aln lb+bf efsn u/]sf] xf] ls xf]Og egL k'hf/Ln]
;f]W5g\ / ;f]xL cg';f/ ;+sNk jrg k9\5g\ .
;dk{olGt s]lrQ' eStfM k~r anLg\ z'efg\ .
s'Ss'6R5fudlxifx+;d]ifflbsfg\ kz"g\ ..@(..
k"hf ljlzi6f ejlt tl:dg\ sfn] tblx{sf .
k~r}t] anoM qm]t'+ zSoGt] dlGb/flGts] ..#)..
s]xL eStx¿ t s'v'/f], af]sf], /fFuf], xfF; / e]8f] cflb ;lxtsf c;nL k~r aln g}
r9fpF5g\ . To;/L k~r aln r9fpg] j]nfdf alns} nflu nfos ljz]if k"hf x'G5 . tL
k~r alnx¿ dlGb/ j/k/ g} lsGg klg ;lsG5g\ .
kzf]lx{ aln¿k:o lz/f] u[X0fflt k"hsM .
g]jf/hflteSt]EoM lz/Zr k|ltbLot] ..#!..
k/Dk/f ot:t]iff+ lz/;f] df+;eIf0fd\ .
k/+ tby{+ t}M lsl~rb\ wg+ b]o+ eljiolt ..#@..
clgof{To wg+ zLif{+ lnK;'/fklQdfKg'oft\ .
tyf s[Tjf hgM slZrb\ d[t Pj]lt >"ot] ..##..
aln lbPsf] kz'sf] 6fpsf] k'hf/Lsf] x'G5 . g]jf/ hfltsf eStx¿nfO{ eg] 6fpsf] klg
lkmtf{ g} lbOG5 . lsgls ltgLx¿sf] k/Dk/fdf 6fpsfsf] df;' vfg] rng 5 . t/
To;/L 6fpsf] klg lkmtf{ lnP afkt ltgLx¿n] s]xL k};f k'hf/LnfO{ lbg} k5{ . olb ;f]
b:t"/ glbO{ lng rfXØf] eg] To;nfO{ lgZro g} 7"nf] cfkt\ cfOkg{]5 . To;f] ug{] Ps
hgf t tTsfn} d¥of] eGg] klg ;'lgG5 .
bft+' o] g}j jf~5lGt b]Jo} kz'aln+ hgfM .
s"idf08+ jf gfl/s]nkmn+ t] Tjk{olGt lx ..#$..
hf] eStx¿ b]jLnfO{ kz'sf] aln lbg rfxFb}gg\ ltgn] t s'le08f] of gl/jnsf] kmn g}
r9fpF5g\ .
w"kbLkflbg}j]Bj:qk'ikkmnflg r .
eStfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} bblt e"kt] Û
s]lrR5«4fnjf] eStf wlgsfM zlStzflngM .
b]Jo} ;'j0f{/hte"if0ffGok{olGt r ..#%..
w"k, bLk, g}j]B, j:q, km"n, kmn / ;f}efUo j:t'x¿ klg eStx¿n] b]jLnfO{ r9fpF5g\ .
t/ s]xL >4fn' eStx¿ hf] wgL / zlStzfnL 5g\ ltgn] t b]jLnfO{ ;¦g, rFfbLsf
uxgf klg r9fpF5g\ .
k|ft/f/Eo k"hf t' ;foDko{Gtd]j lx .
lg/Gt/+ k|rnlt eStafx'Nosf/0fft\ ..#^..
k"hflj/fdM ;GWofof+ zÎ+ k|Wdfo ;"Rot] .
w"kbLkflbleM k"hf k"hs]g ;dfKot] ..#&..
;dfKtfof+ ;drf{of+ tbf åf/+ lgaWot] ..#*..
ljxfg b]lv z'? eP/ k"hf t ;fFem ;Dd g} lg/Gt/ rln/xG5 . lsgls eStx¿sf]
eL8 nflu/xG5 . ;fFem k/]kl5 k"hf /f]lsPsf] s'/f zÎ ahfP/ ;"lrt ul/G5 . k'hf/Ln]
w"k bLk u/]/ k"hf ;dfKt ub{5g\ . ha k"hf ;lsG5 ta dlGb/sf] 9f]sf klg aGb
ul/G5 .
;fodf/flqs] sfo{] kl/tM ;xeflugM .
>4of elStdGtf] lx hgf cfoflGt dlGb/] ..#(..
k|HHjnøo jlt{sf:t] b]Jof cf/flqs+ z'ed\ .
s'j{lGt z'4dg;M ;fo+sfn] ;dflxtfM ..$)..
;fFemsf] cf/tLdf j/k/sf >4fn' eSthgx¿ dlGb/df ;xefuL x'g cfpF5g\ . z'4 dg
ePsf tL >4fn'x¿ ;fFemdf hDdf eO{ cfFkm} klg aQL afn]/ b]jLsf] z'e cf/tL u5{g\
.
s]lrb\ bLk+ HjfnolGt ;elSt+ nIfjlt{sfd\ .
;'w"kk'ikj:qflbkmnwfGofIft}o'{td\ ..$@..
slt c;n eStx¿n] elStk"j{s w"k, km"n, j:q, kmn, wfGo, cIftf cflbsf ;fy nfv
aQL klg afN5g\ .
OTy+ lx k|Tox+ k"hf b]Jof eSt}lj{wLot] .
k/+ k"hf ljz]if]0f zgf} ef}d] r jf;/] ..$#..
o;/L eStx¿n] b]jLsf] k"hf t k|ltlbg g} u5{g\ . t/ zlgjf/ / d+unjf/sf] k"hf
ljz]if x'G5 .
ci6Dof+ jf gjDof+ jf rt'b{Zofdyflk jf .
k"hfljz]iftf]ŕDafofM lqmot] tq dlGb/] ..$$..
ci6dL, gjdL / rt'b{zLsf] lbg klg dlGb/df dgsfdgf dfO{sf] k"hf ljz]if lsl;dn]
x'G5 .
k"hf >fj0f;+qmfGTof+ ;ljz]iff ljwLot] .
;fodf/flqs+ tl:dg\ lbg] r}j oyfljlw ..$%..
tTkZrfb\ tl2g] tqf]Nd'sk"hf ljwLot] .
sf08f/s:o k"hf lx nf]s] ejlt tl2g] ..$^..
;fpg dxLgfsf] ;+qmflGtdf ljz]if k"hf x'G5 . ;fFemsf] cf/tL To; lbg klg ;fljs
adf]lhd x'G5 . t/ To; kl5 Tof] lbg /fFsf] k"hf klg ul/G5 . nf]sdf rfxL+ Tof] lbg
sf08f/ssf] k"hf ul/G5 -/ n'tf] kmflnG5_ .
>fj0f] dfl; g hg}a{lnbfg+ ljwLot] .
tyf rflZjgdf;:o s[i0fkIf] sbflk gf] .
otf]ŕ;f} lkt[kIff] lx lkt[>f4fo slNktM ..$&..
>fj0f dlxgfdf dlGb/df alnbfg ul/+b}g . To;} u/L cflZjg dlxgfsf] s[i0fkIfdf klg
aln lbOFb}g . lsgls of] kIfnfO{ lkt[x¿sf] >f4 ul/g] egL lkt[kIf dflgPsf] 5 .
PsfbZof+ tyf bz{] lzj/fqf} ty}j r .
alnbfg+ dxfb]Jo} tq g}j ljwLot] ..$*..
PsfbzL / cf}+;Ldf, / To;} uL lzj/flqdf klg b]jLnfO{ ToxfF aln lbOb}+g .
PsfbzL Xofdfjf:of lbgåoldtf obf .
tbf låtLo+ lbj;+ jfo{t] tq k"hg] ..$(..
PsfbzL jf cf}+;L b'O{ lbg k/]sf] 5 eg] bf];|f] lbgnfO{ 5f]l8G5 . cyf{t\ cl3Nnf] lbg
alnbfg ul/+b}g . kl5Nnf] lbg ul/G5 .
lgTo+ ljwLot] of t' lgTok"h]lt sYot] .
tyf kj{;' of k"hf ;f ljlzi6]lt dGot] ..%)..
lbg lbg} ul/g] hf] k"hf xf] To;nfO{ lgTo k"hf elgG5 . To;} u/L kj{ kj{df ul/g] h'g
k"hf xf] To;nfO{ ljz]if kj{k"hf elgG5 .
ci6dLk~rdLkj{k"hf tq ljwLot] .
rt'b{zLkf}0f{df:of]M ;+qmfGTof+ ;k/Dk/fd\ .
Ptfb[s\ kj{k¨hfy{+ Joj:yfŕl:t s[tf g[k}M ..%!..
ci6dL / k~rdLdf kj{k"hf ul/G5 . rt'b{zL, k"l0f{df / ;+qmflGtdf klg k/Dk/f cg';f/
kj{ k"hf x'G5 . o:tf k"hfsf] nflu k'/fgf /fhfx¿n] u/]sf] u'7Lsf] Joj:yf 5 .
rft'df{:o]if' k'0o]if' b]jLefujt+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/k|fË0f] k'0o] lgTo+ k7lt a|fXd0fM ..%@..
kljq rt'df{; -;fpg, ebf}, c;f]h, sflt{s_ dlxgfdf b]jL dlGb/sf] k|fË0fdf a|fXd0fn]
b]jLefujtsf] kf7 ub{5g\ .
z/Tsfn] dxfk"hf gj/fqf} ljwLot] .
dlxifR5fux+;fgf+ alnbfg}lj{z]iftM ..%#..
uf]/vf/fhu[xtM k"hf;fdUo|dKo{t] .
rt'ZztfAbk|frLgf XoljlR5Ggf k/Dk/f ..%$..
z/b\ sfndf gj/fqdf b]jLsf] dxfk"hf ul/G5 . /fFuf, af]sf, xfF; cflbsf] aln lbP/
ljz]if k"hf x'G5 . uf]/vf b/af/af6 k"hf;fdu|L ;dk{0f ul/G5 . rf/ zo jif{ k'/fgf] of]
k/Dk/f cfh;Dd klg c6"6 /lxcfPsf] 5 .
Pj+ ljz]ifk"hfŕlk r}qz'Snfi6dLltyf} .
dlxifR5fux+;flbalnbfg}lj{wLot] ..%%..
o;} u/L r}q z'Sn ci6dL ltlydf klg /fFuf], af]sf], xfF; cflbsf] aln lbP/ ljz]if k"hf
ul/G5 .
k|ltjif{+ dfu{s[i0fk~rDof+ uf]li7k~rdL .
ljVoftf of kj{d]nf tq}jfof]Hot] z'ef .
uf]i7L;+:yfg]g d]nf ;f tqfof]Hot] tbf ..%^..
k|lt jif{ dfu{ s[i0f k~rdLdf u'l7k~rdL egLsg hflgPsf] k|l;4 h'g kj{d]nf ToxfF
x'G5, Tof] u¦7L ;+:yfgn] g} Tolt v]/ ToxfF cfof]hgf ug{] ub{5 .
jif{aGwgk"hf t' lzi6}af{}4k'/f]lxt}M .
sflGtk'of{M lå/fuTo lqmot] k|ltxfogd\ ..%&..
pmh{z'Snrt'b{Zof cf/Eo jif{aGwgd\ .
ofjGdfu{zLif{z'Snk~rdL+ lqmot]ŕx{0ff ..%*..
j}zfvz'SnkIf]ŕlk låtLo+ jif{aGwgd \ .
rt'{b{ZofM ;df/Eo Ho]i7s[i0ffi6dLk/d\ ..%(..
OTy+ ;dx{0f+ b]JofM lqmot] jif{aGwgd\ ..^)..
csf{] Ps ljz]if k"hf 5 h;nfO{ jif{aGwgk"hf elgG5 . To]f k"hf sf7df08'af6 x/]s
jif{ b'O{ k6s cfP/ ljlzi6 af}4 k'/f]lxt -u'efh'_ x¿n] ub{5g\ . Pp6f jif{aGwgk"hf
sflt{s z'Sn rt'b{zLdf z'? u/]/ dfu{ z'Sn k~rdL ;Dd ul/G5 . bf];|f] jif{aGwgk"hf
j}zfv z'SnkIfdf ul/G5 . a}zfv z'Sn rt'b{zLdf z'? u/]/ Ho]i7 s[i0ffi6dL ;Dd of]
k"hf x'G5 . o;/L b]jLsf] jif{aGwgk"hf ul/G5 .
/fhf]jfr
ljwLot] sy+ k"hf b]Jof af}4}u'{efh'leM .
s]jn+ lxGbjM k"hf+ s'j{GtLlt dof >'td\ ..^!..
k/+ /x:od]t:o ;j{+ jb låhf]Qd .
>j0f]g ljgf Tjq lj/fd+ g}j d] dgM .
k|fKgf]lt t:dfb\ x] ljåg\ jb d] lj:t[tf+ syfd\ ..^@..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ dgsfdgf b]jLsf] k"hf af}4 u'efh'x¿n] s;/L u5{g\ < s]jn
lxGb'x¿n] dfq k"hf u5{g\ egL d}n] ;'g]sf] lyPF . t/ x] a|fXd0fx¿df >]i7 u'?b]j,
dnfO{ o; af}4 k"hfsf] /x:o ;j} atfpgf];\ . o; ljifodf g;'gLsg d]/f] dg lj>fd
u/]/ /xg ;St}g . To; sf/0f x] ljåg\ dnfO{ Tof] lj:t[t s'/f ;j} eGg'xf];\ .
u'??jfr
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]ŕhlg .
g]kfn/fi6«:kmLtLs[b\ b]Jof eStf] ljrIf0fM ..^#..
u'?n] eGg' eof] Ŗ g]kfn /fi6«sf] lj:tf/ ug{] /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx k[YjLsf gf/fo0fsf
¿kdf hGd] . pgL b]jLsf eSt / ;fx|} a'l4dfg\ lyP .
obf sflGtk'/L t]g ljlhtfŕ;LGdxfTdgf .
k"hf Go"gfŕg'e"tfŕe"b \ b]Jof tT;]gof r x ..^$..
ha tL dxfg\ cfTdf ePsf /fhfn] sflGtk'/ ljho u/] / dgsfdgf b]jLn] / pgsf
;]gfn] klg pgsf] k"hf sd ePsf] cg'ej kf] u/] .
lhtf sflGtk'/L tq o'4+ g}jfejb\ ax' .
sflGtk'/L zflGtk'/L hftf t:o kl/u|xft\ ..^%..
g}sf ] hgf]ŕejB'4] sflGtk'of{+ xtfxtM .
s'df/L :jfut+ rqm] 6Lsf+ bTjf lx e"e[t] ..^^..
b]Jof andt[Kt+ ;g\ ttif{ ?lw/+ ax' ..^&..
sflGtk'/L lhltof] . To;df w]/} o'4 ePg . pgn] lnPkl5 sflGtk'/L Psbd zflGtk'/L
eof] . sflGtk'/Lsf] o¦4df Ps hgf klg xtfxt ePgg\ . s'df/Ln] 6Lsf nufOlbP/
/fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fxsf] :jfut ul/lbOg\ . To;sf/0f b]jLsf] an -;]gf_ ct[Kt /x]sf]
x'gfn] w]/} /ut lkpg ltvf{Psf] lyof] .
cg]sfM 36gf hftf dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..
If'Awf hgf d"lR5{tfZr klttfM v]bdfl:ytfM ..^*..
hgf uTjf ttf] e"k+ 36gf+ tf+ Goj]bog\ .
g[kZr lj1fg\ k'?iffg\ tflGqsfglk k[i6jfg\ ..^(..
lsd]tb\ jf sy+ hftf 36gf tq tfb[zL <
syÍf/+ t"krf/+ lqmot] tb\ jbGt' gM ..&)..
To; kl5 dlGb/ j/k/ cg]s 36gf x'gyfn] . dflg;x¿ eml:sg], d"5f{ kg{], n8\g],
emf]qmfP/ a:g] ug{ yfn] . To; kl5 /fhfsxfF uP/ hgtfn] of] 36gfsf] jf/]df lgj]bg
u/] . clg /fhfn] klg hfGg];'Gg]x¿, tflGqsx¿ ;anfO{ ;f]w] Ŗ of] s] ePsf] xf] <
ToxfF To; lsl;dsf] 36gf s;/L ePsf] xf] < / s] u/]/ To;sf] pkrf/ x'G5 < Tof]
xfdLnfO{ atfpgf];\ .
af}4}u'{efh'le3f{]/}:tflGqs}lj{lgj]lbtd\ .
b]Jof ljz]ifk"hf lx st{Jof jif{aGwgf ..&!..
hf] af}4 u'efh'x¿ eoÍ/ hfGg] tflGqs lyP ltgn] eg] ls b]jLsf] jif{aGwg gfds
ljz]ifk"hf ug'{ k5{ .
ttf] g[kf] bbfjf1f+ tfg\ ljlzi6fg\ k'/f]lxtfg\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hf+ st'{+ oyfljlw ..&@..
OTy+ e"ldkt]/f1f+ k|fKo tflGqsk"hsfM .
uf]/vf+ sflGtk'/tf] utfM k"hfk|of]hgfM ..&#..
To; kl5 /fhfn] tL ljlzi6 k'/f]lxtx¿nfO{ t'?Gt dgsfdgf dfO{sf] ljlwk"j{s k"hf
ug{ cf1f lbP . o;/L /fhfsf] cf1f kfP/ tflGqs k'hf/Lx¿ sflGtk'/af6 b]jLsf] k"hf
ug{] sfdn] uf]/vf uP .
cf;Lb]s:tflGqs:t' ;j{l;l4;dfo'tM .
b]JofM k"hgsfo{+ ; hfgflt eSt;QdM ..&$..
k"hog\ ; dxfb]jL+ d'08dfnflje"liftfd\ .
pTkfB dfg;+ dTo{+ alnbfg+ ; rfs/f]t\ ..&%..
k/Dk/futf jftf{ >"ot]ŕBflk tfb[zL .
k/+ ttf] g/alng{}j b]Jo} k|bLot] ..&^..
Ps hgf tflGqs t ;Dk"0f{ l;l4n] o'St lyP . eStx¿dWo] ;jf{]Qd pgL b]jLsf]
k"hfsfo{ /fd|f] u/L hfGby] . d'08dfnflje"lift dxfb]jLsf] k"hf ubf{ub{} ltgn] dfg;
dg'io k}bf u/]/ alnbfg klg u/] . k/Dk/fut To:tf] s'/f cBflk ;'lgG5 . t/
To;kl5 eg], b]jLnfO{ g/aln slxNo} klg lbOGg .
ttM ;df/Eo k"hf lqmot] jif{aGwgf .
j}zfv] sflt{s] af}4}lå{jf/+ k|ltxfogd\ ..&&..
zfGtf dgMsfdgf ;f jif{aGwgk"hof ..&*..
To; ;dob]lv k|lt jif{ af}4 u'efh"x¿ åf/f j}zfv / sflt{s dxLgfdf u/L jif{sf] b'O
kN6 jif{aGwgk"hf ul/G5 . To;/L ul/Psf] jif{aGwgk"hfn] dgsfdgf dfO{ zfGt eOg\ .
Pj+ af}4f:tyf zfStfM k|Tox+ k"holGt tfd\ .
dft/+ zflGtbf+ zlSt+ ;j{sf?0o¿lk0fLd\ ..&(..
o;/L af}4 tyf zfStx¿n] k|ltlbg zflGtbflogL, zlSt ;j}sf nflu s?0ffsf] ¿k
ePsL dftf dgsfdgfsf] k"hf ub{5g\ .
o] kzf]a{lnbfg+ t' st'{+ g]R5lGt ;flTjsfM .
gfl/s]nkmn+ b]Jo} rfk{olGt ;dx{0f] ..*)..
hf] ;flŒjs eStx¿ kz'sf] aln bfg ug{ rfxFb}gg\ ltgLx¿ b]jLnfO{ gl/jnsf] kmn
klg ck{0f ub{5g\ .
Pj+ k|ltlbg+ dft'j{if{ko{Gtd]j lx ..
g}kfn}ef{/tLo}Zr eSt}M k"hf ljwLot] ..*!..
o;/L jif{el/ g} x/]s lbg g]kfn / ef/tsf xhf/f}+ elSto'St eStx¿n] b]jLsf] k"hf
ub{5g\ .
wlggf] ax'd"Noe"if0f}/wgfM kqhnk|;"gs}M .
dxolGt ;elSt dft/+ ;db[i6ØflDasof ;'/lIftfM ..*@..
alnleM ;d'kf;t] slt kmnk'ik}M ;d'kf;t]ŕk/] .
;db[u\ hggL ;'tfg\ ;dfg\ j/bfg]g s[tfy{oToxf] ..*#..
dft[:j¿kf b]jLsf] k"hf ubf{ wgLx¿n] elStk"j{s ax'd"No uxgf r9fP/ tyf
u/Lax¿n] rfxL+ kftL, hn, km"nn] k"hf u5{g\ . t/ tL ;a}nfO{ dftfn] j/fj/ b[li6
lbg'x'G5 / ;+/If0f ug'{x'G5 .
sltn] aln r9fP/, sltn] kmnkm"n dfq r9fP/ klg dft[:j¿kf b]jLsf] k"hf pkf;gf
u5{g\ . ;db[li6 ePsL dftf eg] ;j}nfO{ cfŔgL cfdfn] ;j} 5f]/fx¿nfO{ ;dfg
Jojxf/ u/] em}+ u/L j/bfg lbP/ s[tfy{ agfpg'x'G5 .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] k"hfj0f{g+
gfd ifi7f]ŕWofoM ..^..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ;Ktdf]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/+ ;'dgf]x/d\ .
:tDe}M ;'sfi7}n{lnt}l/i6sflelQleb[{9d\ ..!..
;'j0f{åf/kmns+ :j0f{lnKtR5b+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/+ kl/tf] 306fM b[ZoGt] tq zf]letfM ..@..
s]g wdf{Tdgf ;j{] t] tq :yflktf u'/f] Û
ejtM >f]t'ldR5fld kljqjbgfDa'hft\ ..#..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ dgsfdgf b]jLsf] cToGt dgf]x/ dlGb/ c;n sf7sf dgf]/d
:tDex¿n] / OF6sf leQfx¿n] alnof] ag]sf] ;'gsf] 9f]sfsf vfkf / lkQnsf] 5fgf
ePsf], /fd|f] 5 . dlGb/sf] j/k/ /fd|f 306fx¿ zf]efodfg b]lvG5g\ . x] u'?, s'g
wdf{Tdfn] tL ;j ToxfF :yfkgf u/]sf x'g\ < tkfO{Fsf] kljq d'vf/ljGbaf6 ;'Gg rfxG5'
.
u'??jfr
ob\ b]Jof dlGb/+ b[i6+ /fhg\ ;j{}h{g}M ;bf .
tTk|frLgtd+ ¿k+ nId0f]g ljlgld{td\ .
k/d]0f t' l;4]g du/]0f dxfTdgf ..$..
u'?af6 cf1f eof] Ŗ x] /fhg\ b]jLsf] dlGb/ h'g ;j} hgfn] ;Fw} b]lvG5, To;sf]
k|frLgtd ¿k nId0f yfkf du/n] agfPsf x'g\ hf] k/d l;4 dxfTdf lyP .
k/+ k[YjLktL /fhf dxfTdf wfld{sM ;'wLM .
zf]eg+ dlGb/+ tq ;b\eSTof lg/dLot ..%..
t/ /fhf k[YjLklt ;fx dxfTdf wfld{s / ljåfg\ x'gfn] pgn] To; 7fpFdf c;n
elStk"j{s /fd|f] dlGb/ agfP .
dlGb/] åf/d]s+ ob\ b[Zot] :j0f{dl08td\ .
z"/jL/]0f jL/]0f /fgfj+Zo]g lgld{td\ ..
t:o tqflen]vZr /fht] ?lr/f]ŕw'gf ..^..
dlGb/df h'g Ps ;'j0f{ lgld{t åf/ b]lvG5, Tof] t z"/jL/ gfd u/]sf /fgf j+zsf
du/n] agfPsf x'g\ . ToxfF ltgsf] clen]v clxn] klg k9\g ;lsG5 .
uf]vf{Vo] gu/] g[k:o ;ljw] h}/fh/fgfŕejt \ .
tTk'qf] g[j/f] g[k]Gb|;lrjM >Lj+;'/fgf Xoe"t\ ..
tTk'qM ;d/]if' vl08tk/M ;+u|fdz"/M ;bf
bftf eft[snqk'q;lxtM >Lz"/jL/f]ŕhlg ..&..
e|ft[leM s[i0fjL/fB}M ;lxtM ;fDk|t+ o'jf .
;'j0f{lgld{t+ åf/+ :yflkt+ b]jtfu|tM ..*..
j]bg]qd'lge"o'tzfs] r}qs[i0fz'eifli7o't]ŕAb] .
rGb|jf/;lxt] z'esfn] :yflkt+ sgsåf/db\e'td\ ..(..
uf]vf{ gfds gu/df /fhfsf ;fydf h}/fh /fgf lyP . ltgsf 5f]/f >L j+;'/fgf /fhfsf
;lrj -dGqL_ eP hf] c;n dflg; lyP . ltgsf 5f]/f >L z"/jL/ hlGdP hf] ;b}j
n8fO{Fdf zq'nfO{ 6'qmf kfg{] ;+u|fdz"/ eP . tL bftf lyP, ltgsf efO, kTgL, 5f]/f ;j}
lyP . clxn] s[i0fjL/ cflb ul/Psf efOx¿ ;lxt tL o'jfn] b]jtfsf] cufl8 ;'gn]
ag]sf] åf/ :yfkgf u/] . zfs] !&@$ ;fnsf] r}qs[i0f ifi7Lsf lbg ;f]djf/ ;lxt
z'esfndf o:tf] cb\e't ;'gsf] 9f]sf :yflkt u/] .
dlGb/fu|] tyf l;+xf] b]Jof cb\e'tjfxgM
uËfaxfb"/jL/flk{tf] jj{lt{ tq lx .
oyf t:oflen]vf]ŕlk kl7t'+ zSot] hg}M ..!)..
To;} u/L dlGb/sf] cufl8 b]jLsf] cb\e't jfxg l;+x hf] 5, Tof] uËfaxfb"/ jL/n] ck{0f
u/]sf] ToxfF zf]efodfg 5 . h:tf] ls ToxfF pgsf] clen]v klg k9\g ;lsG5 .
æ>Ldb\uËfaxfb"/ Olt ;'s[ltgf rLkms0f{]ngfDgf .
df;]ŕl:dg \ j}qmdfAb] /;j;'gje" -!(*^_ ;lDdt] rflZjg]ŕ4f .
k|LTo} l;+xf] Goj]lb lqhult lx dgMsfdg] t] dofŕo+
eSt+ bLg+ j/]K;+' r/0fz/0fu+ kflx dft/\ gd:t] ..!!..
rLkm\ s0f{]n egL a8f eut >LuËfaxfb"/n]
p08}:;f} / 5ofl; ;+jtdxfF ck{0f\ u/]+ elStn] ..
x] dftf dgsfdgf xh'/sf l;+x} r/0f\df /xf];\ .
j/\ OR5ful/ eSt 5" r/0fdf /Iff ;bf ug'{xf];\ ..!@..
;lGt aXJo:tq 306fZrflk{tfM ax'leh{g}M .
p§lÍtflg gfdflg b[ZoGt] 3l06sf;' r ..!#..
ToxfF w]/} dflg;x¿n] ck{0f u/]sf 306fx¿ klg 5g\ / tL dflg;x¿sf] gfd tL tL
306fx¿df n]lvPsf b]lvG5g\ .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kf] 306f+ /Dofdltli7kt\ .
:yfgfkGgfŕl:t efUgfof 306fof:t:o e"kt]M ..!$..
/fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fxn] Pp6f /fd|f] 306f :yfkgf u/]sf lyP . t/ pgsf] 306f
km'6]sf] x'gfn] To;sf] ;§f ag]sf] gofF 306f xfn ToxfF 5 .
OTy+ r >"ot] k[YjLgf/fo0fdxLkltM .
dxf/f¡ofM s0f{kfz:j0f{ ;Dd]No uh'{/d\ ..!%..
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/:o R5b]ŕs/f]t \ .
sLb[Zof;LGg' tb\elStb]{Jof Olt k|tLot] ..
sLb[s\ r t:o ;fkmNo+ b]Jof j/k|;fbtM ..!^..
of] klg ;'lgG5 Ŗ /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f ;fxn] dxf/fgLsf] s0f{kfz -sfgsf] uxgf_ sf] ;'g
;d]t ldnfP/ dgsfdgf b]jLsf] dlGb/sf] 5fgfdf :j0f{do uh'/ /fv]sf x'g\ . To;af6
/fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] b]jL dgsfdgf k|lt s:tf] elSt lyof] eGg] b]lvG5 . /
pgnfO{ dgsfdgf b]jLsf] k|;fbaf6 s:tf] ;kmntf ldNof] eGg] klg b]lvG5 .
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof b"/] eSt}M ;'k"lhtd\ .
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ >"ot] lj6k}j{[td\ ..!&..
>f]t'ldR5fld dfxfTDo+ t:o lnË:o ef] u'/f] .
a|"lx tt\ s[kof ljåg\ df+ ;j{+ ;j{ljQd ..!*..
/fhfaf6 ;f]wgL eof] Ŗ dgsfdgf b]jLsf] s]xL b"/df eStx¿n] /fd|f] ;+u k"hf ul/Psf]
jqm]Zj/ gfds dxfg\ lnË 5 hf] j[Ifx¿sf] aLrdf x'gfn] 5f]lkPsf] 5 eGg] ;'lgG5 . x]
u'?b]j, d To; lnËsf] dfxfTDo ;'Gg rfxG5' . ;j} s'/f hfGg]x¿sf aLrdf klg tkfO{F
>]i7 x'g'x'G5, To;}n] x] ljåg\, Tof] ;j} dnfO atfpg'xf];\ .
u??jfr
;fw' k[i6+ dxf/fh Û elSto'St]g r]t;f .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËljifo] ejtfŕw'gf ..
a|jLDox+ tb\ljifo] ejGt+ elStefljtd\ .. !(..
u'?n] eGg'eof] Ŗ /fhg\, clxn] cfŔgf] elSto'St lrQn] jqm]Zj/ dxflnËsf ljifodf
;f]wgL ePsf] k|Zg /fd|f] xf] . /fhg\, xh"/ elStefljt JolSt x'gfn] d To; ljifodf
xh"/nfO{ atfpF5' .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof pQ/:of+ lblz l:yt] .
qmf]zb"/]ŕl:t g[kt] Xo'Rr}M kj{td:ts] ..@)..
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ lznf¿k]0f rf]lTytd\ .
lznf:j¿kf tq}j l:ytf jqm]Zj/L z'ef ..@!..
jqm]Zj/fVofŕl:t z'ef gfltb"/l:ytf b/L .
Psf] of]uL lgj;t] tq lgToflUg;]jsM ..@#..
x] /fhg\, b]jL dgsfdgfsf] pQ/lt/ Hofb} dgf]x/ cUnf] kj{tsf] lzv/df Ps sf]zsf]
b"/Ldf jqm]Zj/ dxflnË lznf¿kdf v8f /x]sf] 5 . ToxL+ To;} lnËsf ;fydf g} lznf
:j¿kdf jqm]Zj/L klg 5g\ . ToxfF guLr} b]a|]lt/ cl3 a9\bf jqm]Zj/ u'kmf klg 5 .
ToxfF Ps hf]uL lgTo w'gL hufP/ j:t5g\ .
nId0ffo bbf} l;l4+ u'?uf]/If OTolk .
>"ot] t]g tT:yfg+ k"Ho+ l;l4o't+ dtd\ ..@$..
cjfu\ olx{ ej]b\ afnf] ax'sfndlk :jtM .
jqm]Zjof{ bz{g]g jfrfnf] ejlt :km'6d\ ..@%..
To;} 7fpFdf nId0f yfkf -nvGyfkf_ nfO{ u'? uf]/vgfyn] l;l4 lbg'ePsf] lyof] eGg]
;'lgG5 . To;}n] Tof] 7fpF k"Ho / l;l4o'St 5 eGg] 7flgG5 . olb s'g} afns w]/} ;do
laTbf klg :jtM af]n]g eg] jqm]Zj/Lsf] bz{g ugf{n] af]N5 .
efb|z'Snt[tLofof+ d]nf ejlt zf]egf .
k"hf+ s'j{lGt dlxnfM kfj{tLk/d]Zj/f} ..@^..
ToxfF efb| z'Sn t[tLo -tLh_ df /fd|f] d]nf nfU5 . dlxnfx¿n] lzjkfj{tLsf] ToxfF
k"hf ub{5g\ .
lzj/fqf} r ;b\eStf:tqTofM ;j{hftoM .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËdr{lGt hfu/j|tfM ..@&..
lzj/flqdf klg To; e]udf /x]sf ;j} hftsf c;n eSthgx¿ /ftdf hfu/fd a;]/
jqm]Zj/ dxflnËsf] k"hf ub{5g\ .
jqm]Zj/+ gfd lzjf]?lnËs+ l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f k"lhtd\ .
k|k"Ho eStf] net] ;'t+ wg+ ljBf+ ozM ;j{hg}/eLlK;td\ ..@*..
jqm]Zj/ gfds Hofb} dxfg\ lzjlnË l;4 nvGyfkf du/n] k"hf ul/Psf] xf] . Tof]
lzjlnËsf] k"hf u¥of] eg] eSthgn] 5f]/f], wg, ljBf / ;j}n] rfxgf u/]sf] h:tf]
sLlt{ klg k|fKt ug{ ;St5 .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgfkl/;/j0f{g+ gfd ;Ktdf]ŕWofoM ..&..
ç
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgf:tf]qd\ ..
zdolt s?0ff t] sf/0f+ sf/0ffgfd\
eujlt ejtfkfb]lt eQmZr d'lQmd\ .
b[u'lbtdw'/fefŖefhg+ ;+ljwft'+
kbgtlz/;+ df+ dft/Lzflg kZo ..!..
hult dl0fl/jfef›fd;fxJoj:yf
ljnl;tgog'Gg+ oRr uf]/If/fi6«d\ .
ljljwa'wjrf]lej{l0f{t+ /fd/fHo+
Xo'kldtdlk t]g TjTs[k}jfq x]t'M ..@..
Obdhlg ;'/fi6«+ TjTs[kfof lgbfgf
bljtdljty+ t] :g]xk"0f}{M s6fIf}M .
ljsl;tdlk e"oft\ TjTs[kftf] ejflg
jodlk ;jo:of hfu[ofdfŕq /fi6«] ..#..
joldx gokfnfM :df]ŕlvnf:TjQg"hfŖ
Zr/0fz/0fuf:t] k|fy{gf ;f}dg:ofM ..
Ot/ljlxt/fi6«e|i6sfo{ lgxTo
ljt/ anddf]3+ /fi6«lgdf{0fo1] ..$..
hult ob'knAw+ ef] dgMsfdg]ŕDa
tblvnddn:t]ŕg'u|x:o}j kfsM .
k|0fdlt r/0ff} t] afnsf] elQmk"0f{
:Tjdt'ndltzQmL d] k|bft'+ bo:j ..%..
Olt >Lho/fhfrfo{s[t+
dgMsfdgf:tf]q+ ;dfKtd\ ..
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDod\
>Lho/fhfrfo{lj/lrtd\
g]kfnefiffof cg¦jfbgfkF
g]kfnefiffof ¿kfGt/sf/
efh¦ P]Zjo{w/ zdf{
ljifo ;"rL
cWofo ! uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{gd\
-uf]/vf k|b]zofu' jofg_
cWofo @ dgMsfdgf]TklQj0f{gd\
dgsfdgfofu' pTklQof jofg_
cWofo # dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{gd\
dgsfdgfof dlGb/o\ b'lk+ b]ju0flklgu' jofg_
cWofo $ nvGykftLyf{6gl;4u'xfj0f{gd\
nvg yfkfof tLy{ofqf j l;4u'kmfofu' jofg_
cWofo % dgMsfdgfelQmkmnj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfofu' elQmkmnof jofg_
cWofo ^ dgMsfdgfk"hfj0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfofu¦ k"hfof jofg_
cWofo & dgMsfdgfkl/;j0f{gd\
-dgsfdgfofu' If]qof jofg_
kl/lzi6d\ dgMsfdgf:tf]qd\
-dgsfdgfofu' :tf]q_
¿kfGt/sf/of kfv]F
k|:t't ædgM sfdgfdfxfTDod\ÚÚ w}u' ;km" ljåfg\ ljk|j/ 8f= ho/fh cfrfo{ efh'+ /rgf
ofgflaHofu' aMrfw+u' d"n ;+:s[t kBdo u|Gyofu' g]kfn efiffof ¿kfGt/ vM . dgsfdgf
dfO{ofu' Yj ;km"oft g]kfn efif+ ¿k lxn]u' cleef/f lhtM k|fKt h'n . Yj uf}/j tyf
;f}efUoofu' ljifo vM . dfO{ dgsfdgf b]jLofu' c;Ld s[kf g vM .
;bflg;]F s[kfdoL dgsfdgf b]jLoft ;sn ;Dk|bfo+ ;dfg¿k+ yfF}tSs plQsF ckf/ >4f,
efj, elQmtofM k"hfŖcr{gf ofgfM j}ORj+u' b' . ;' af}4dfuL{ < ;' z}jdfuL{, g]kfM b]z; 5'F
e]befj db' . b]F bF;F lgsf] af}4dfuL{ ah|frfo{ k'/f]lxt efh'lk+ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dlGb/o\
laHofgfM dfO{ofu' ljz]if k"hf ofgflaHofO . Yj wd{;dGjo tyf wfld{s ;lxi0f'tfof
Bf]ts vM . Yj HjnGt pbfx/0f ljZjjf;L ;sn hg;dfh+ cg's/0f ofo\ jxM h" .
tRjs+ uf}/jofu' ljifo vM Yj .
a;, s]a'nsf/cflb ofgofu' oftfoftŖ;fwgof ;'ljwf db'u' avto\g nfFnfF lasfM
eQmhgt dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' bz{gŖcr{g ofo\t u'lnv] kfMt, u'lnv] u'Ft kf/ ofgfM,
clts+ si6ofgfM dgsfdgfofu' kljq If]qo\ ofqf ofO . Yj vF emL;F d:o"u' dv' . ljleGg
yf;; RjFlk+ eSthgto\u' x[bo] dfO{of pk/] cTolws dfqf+ cf:yf, lgi7f b"u'ln+ y'hf]u'
b'MvŖsi6oft 5F' kjf{x g dt . ps]F yg Yj ljifono\ cKjM s'n]Ŗpn] dfy]F dRjF . dfO{ofu'
pk/] ckf/ elQmefjgf b' w}u' vF :jtM ;':ki6 h" .
k|:t't ;km" g]kfn efif+ ¿k lxn]u' k'0osd{o\ lhtM ;'j0f{ cj;/ laofbLlk+ ;sn
z'elrGts eb| efh'do\h'lklgu' ;Dd'v] wGotf j s[t1tf 1fkg ofo\u' lhu' st{Jo vM .
cy] x] yg ofgfRjgf .
cGto\ g]kfnefif+ ¿k lxn]u' Yj lxtsf/s Hof lh cNk1 dg'v+ ofgfu' h"u'ln+ q'l6t bO .
plsof nflu ax'1 ljrIf0fju{ ljj]sk"j{s ædfO{ofu' elQmhs vMÚÚ wsfM Ifdf laoflbO
w}u' dg+t'gf .
Ŗ P]Zjo{w/ zdf{
ç
>Lu0f]zfo gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k|ydf]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgfb]jL t:of dfxfTDod'Qdd\ .
>f]t'sfdf]ŕl:d d] ;j{+ ;]ltxf;+ u'/f] jb .. ! ..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft
x] u'?b]j Û dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dfxfTDo Gog]u' pT;'stf h'ofRjg . ps]F
j;kf]nofu' Oltxf;gfk+u' bSj dfxfTDo g lht M sgflaHofx'F .
u'??jfr
dxfef/tjif{:o dWo] e'jgk"lht] .
cfof{jt{M k'0oe"ldd{Wo+ ljGWolxdfnof]M .. @ ..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft
;f/f ;+;f/o\ k"Ho dfg]h"u' dxfg\ ef/tjif{of dWoefuo\ Rj+u' lxdfn j
ljGWofrnof laro\ofu' efuoft k'0oe"ld cfof{jt{ wsf M wfO .
cfof{jt{:of]Q/:of+ lblz eflt lxdfrnM .
t:ofŕl:t blIf0f] rfÍ] /fi6+« g]kfn;+1sd \ ..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fHoldlt >'td\ .. #..
cfof{jt{of pQ/kfv] lxdfno kj{t lj/fhdfg h'ofRj+u' b' . cn] blIf0fkfv]
lxdfnokj{tofu' d'no\ g]kfM w}u' b] b', ;+;f/o\ u'u' b] 5u' x] hs lxGb"/fi6« wsfM
Gogfu' b' .
g]kfn/fi6«dWo:yf] uf]/vf jL/d08nM .
Gofok|bfg] :jftGœo] rfŕ:t] Voftf] dxLtn] .. $ ..
g]kfM b]of laro\ Rj+u' jL/to\u' uf]/vf lhNnf ;f/f ;+;f/o\ k|l;4u' lhNnf vM .
Goflg;fkm k|bfg ofo\u' j :jtGqtfof ljifono\ g+ uf]/vf lhNnf e"tno\ gf+hfu'
lhNnf vM .
lqz"nLsd{bfdWo] gfgflzvl/lej[{tM .
;j[4u08sLgfgflgDgufleZr ;]ljtM .. %..
lqz"nL gbL j d:of{ª\bL gbLofu' laro\ cfkfn+ 8fF8fsfF8f+ JofKt h"u' Yj k|b]z
a"9L u08sL cflb gfF b}Rj+u' gbLto\;+ l;+lrt e"ld vM .
lxds"6fb\ ljlgu{To blIf0f] k|jxlGt ofM .
gB:tfM k'0oe"ld+ tf+ l;~rlGt k|f~hn}h{n}M ..^..
lxdfnokj{tof Rjsf+ lkb+u' tyf blIf0fkfv] snsn au] h'ofRj+u' u'lng+ v';Lt
b', plnx] gbLto\;+ k'0oe"ld uf]/vfoft lgd{n nvF l;~rg ofgftM u' b' .
uf]/vfVof] hgkbf] b|Jo;fx;'zfl;tM .
uf]ljk|of] /IfsTjfb\ wd{/If pbL/LtM ..&..
b|Jo;fxofu' kfnf+lg;]+ ;'zf;g k|fKt h'ofRj+u' uf]/vf lhNnf uf]dftf tyf
a|fXd0fju{of /Ifs h"u'ln+ wd{/Ifs wsfM sxn]h'n .
b|Jokf}qf] /fd;fxf] /fd/fHoljwfosM .
Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uR5]b\ uf]/vfldToVofkot\ ..*..
b|Jozfxof 5o\ /fdzfx h'h'+ nf uf]/vflhNnfoft /fd/fHo x] ag]ofgflaHoft .
ps]F pan]lg;]+ æGofo n'Kt h'n wf;f uf]/vfo\ xF'ÚÚ w}u' wfk' k|l;4 h'n .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] hftf] uf]/Ife"klto{bf .
k[YJof+ gf/fo0f]g}j hGd k|fKtldjfejt\ ..(..
u'an] uf]/vfo\ h'h' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx hGd] h'n, pan] nf dfgf] k[YjLtno\
gf/fo0f x] hGd h"u' y]F h'n .
lxGb"/fi6«dljR5]B+ ljZjljQ+ ljlwT;'gf .
t]g e"nf]skfn]g g]kfnf] ljk'nLs[tM ..!)..
åflj+zltrt'lj{zTofboM snxlk|ofM .
;j{]ŕKo]s}szf] e"kf lglh{tfM s/bLs[tfM ..!!..
5u' ljZjk|l;4u', cljR5]Bu' lxGb"/fi6« bo\s]t OR5's j;kf]n dxfg\ h'h+'
g]kfMoft ljzfn¿ko\ lj:tf/ ofgflaHoft . yMyM Njfo\u'lnO hs nu]h'lk+ yLyL
lrlrw+lk+ afO;L rf}aL;L h'h'lkGt qmdzM TofsfM s/ k'n]dfu' ofgfM ;f/f
h'h'lkGt yMu' jz] xn .
g]kfn/fi6«lgdf{0f] sf/0f+ uf]/vfŕejt \ .
ttM k|l;4f] e'jg] uf]/vfzAb OTo;f} .. !@..
y'u'sy+ cfw'lgs g]kfMb]ofu' lgdf{0fo\ uf]/vf x] sf/0f h'n . ps]F ljZjo\ …uf]/vfÚ
w}u' Yj zAb k|l;4 h"u' vM .
P]ltxfl;s;Gb[i6Øf dxTj+ t:o jt{t] .
ljljwfleM ;+:s[ltle:tå}lzi6\Ø+ dxLot] .. !#..
P]ltxfl;s b[li6+ uf]/vfofu' ljz]if dxŒj b' . yLyL ;+:s[ltof sf/0f+ ofgfM
uf]/vfofu' ljz]iftf b"u' vM .
;jf{;f+ ;+:s[tLgf~r ;+xlt:t:o df}lnsd\ .
/fli6«o+ rl/t+, o]g g]kfnrl/t+ s[td\ .. !$..
;+k"0f{ ;+:s[ltof ;fd"lxs ¿k x] uf]/vfofu' df}lns /fli6«o rl/q vM . ps]F
g]kfMb]ofu' df}lns /fli6«o rl/qoft g kl/eflift ofu' b' .
u'j{Ëf du/f ljk|f g]jf/fM IflqofM k|hfM .
rft'j{0o+{ ;dfkGgfM lghwd{k/fo0ffM ..!%..
cg u'?ª, du/, a|fXd0f, g]jfM, Iflqo cflb ;sn nf]s KoË' j0f{o\ ljeflht
h'ofM yMyMu' wd{o\ k|j[Q h'of+Rju' b' .
k|s[ltM zf]egf tq w/0fL z:ozflngL .
hgfZr jLo{j}bUWof Gofo:jftGœokf]ifsfM ..!^..
cgofu' k|fs[lts ;f}bo{ afFnf h¨ . w/tL wgwfGozfnL vM . hgtf z"/jL/ vM .
Gofo j :jtGqtfoft k|j4{g ofOlk+g+ vM .
lxds"6fT;df/Eo dxLw|]if' hn]if' r .
lgj;lGt ;'/f:tq uf]/vf/If0f] /tfM ..!&..
pQ/:of+ b'Uws'08:tLy{/fhf] lj/fht] .
>fj0of+ kf}0f{df:of+ lx eStfgfsif{og\ ax"g\ ..!*..
cg lxdfno kj{tlzv/+lg;]+ sofM d]d]u' kj{tof Rjsfo\ j nvo\ gfk+ b]jb]jLu0f
lj/fhdfg b' . j;kf]nlk;+ uf]/vfoft /Iff ofgfRj+u' b' . pQ/kfv] b"ws'08 w}u'
tLy{/fh b' . cg :gfgbfg ofo\t u'gk¦lXg v'Xg' d]nf x] nu] h'O .
uf]/vf/fhwfGof+ lx u'?uf]/IfuXj/d\ .
sflnsfdlGb/+ rf:t] /fhk|f;fb;lGgwf} ..!(..
uf]/vfofu' /fhwfgLO uf]/vfgfyofu' u'kmf b' . cg;+t'+ /fhb/jf/of lnSs
sflnsf dfO{ofu' dlGb/ b' .
lj/fht] kj{t:o lzv/] ;j{sfdbf .
>LdgMsfdgf dftf ;j{nf]sk|k"lhtf ..@)..
;sn nf]s+ ;'k"lht h'oflaHofXd, ;Dk"0f{ eSthgto\u' dgjfl~5t kmn k"0f{
ofgflaHofOXd dgsfdgfdfO{ kxf8ofu' Rjsfo\ zf]efodfg h'ofM lj/fhdfg
h'oflaHofu' b' .
sŔofsgflDg s"6]ŕl:t l>tf] du/hfltleM .
of] dgMsfdgf;+1f] u|fdf] u|fd]if' ;f]ŕlu|dM ..@!..
du/hflto\u' cfknF j:tL b"u' sŔofs w}u' kxf8of Rjsfo \ ædgsfdgfÚÚ w}u'
u'u' afFnfu' ufF b', j ufF, ufFdWo] ;jf{]Qdu' ufF vM .
lbZo'Qdlu/]:t:o k"j{:of+ j[4u08sL .
blIf0f:of+ lqz"nL r jxt] k|otf ;l/t\ ..@@..
klZrdfof++ b/f}+bLlt Voftf wdf{jtL gbL .
d:of{ª\bL sd{bf tq ;dfoflt lxdfnofb\ ..@#..
o] å] gBf} ;dfuTo g}C{Tof+ lblz ;+ut] .
t] dgMsfdgfkfbf} IffnoGTofljj l:yt] ..@$..
Yj ufFofu' kxf8of k"j{lbzfo\ a"9L u08sL b' . blIf0f lbzfkl§ kljq lqz"nL gbL
au]h'ofRj+u' b' . klZrd lbzfkfv] b/f}FbL w}u' wdf{jtL gbL b' . cgg
klZrdkfv] d:of{ª\bL w}u' sd{bf gbL lxdfnok{t+lg;]+ au]h'ofRj+u' b' . Yj lgu'
v';L dgsfdgf dfO{of g}CTosf]0fo\ -blIf0f j klZrd sf]0f_ Yo+sf M dfgf]
dfO{ofu' lgkf t'tL l;sfAo"u' y]F efg h"jM .
gB:tfM k'0o;lnnf lxdkj{tlgM;[tfM .
tf;f+ ;+ud pQfnM k'0ofTk'0ot/M :d[tM .. @%..
lxdfn kj{tlg;]+ au]h"u' lgd{n hn+ hfMu' gbLt cy]+ x] kljq vM . plsdWo]
cem eNen] h"u' gbLto\u' ;+udoft nf clws kljqtd dfg]ofO .
d'lUngfVo] k|b]z] tfM ;l/tM ;d'kfutfM .
k|jxlGt tt:tLy+{ b]j3§+ k|lt b|'td\ ..@^..
Rjo\ plNnlvt bSj k'0osf/s pQd gbLt d'lUng w}u' yf;; Yo+sfM k/:k/o\
ldn]h'O . cn] clt tLj| j]uF b]j3f6 w}u' tLy{kfv] ;nn au]h'O .
of dgMsfdgf t:of dlGb/fbltzf]egf .
b[Zot] Xo'Q/fzfof+ lxdkj{tz[Înf ..@&..
jg/flhg{bL z:oZofdnf r j;'Gw/f .
ntf cgf]sxfZr}j b[ZoGt] kmnk'ikbfM ..@*..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu¦ b]un+ pQ/kfv] clt ;'Gb/ lxdfnL z[ª\vnft vg] b' . cy] t'+
5rfMlvn+ yLyL l;df+ hfu' u'F, gbL, dgdf]xs pj{/ e"ld, cg]s k|sf/ofu'
kmnkm"nF el/k"0f{ nx/f j l;dft g cNofv vg] b' .
cDafŖgf/ËŖ/DefnLŖkg;fd|kmnflg r .
b]JofM k|;fb¿k]0f k|fKoGt] tq ;j{bf ..@(..
cg cdfl;, ;'Gtnf, s]/f, s6x/, cF cflb yLyL kmnkm"nofu' hfltt dfO{ofu'
s[kfF ;bf+ x] k|fKt h'ofRjlg .
af}4}M l;Sv}Zr lxGb"leM zfSt}M z}j}/xlg{zd\ .
;f dgMsfdgf dftf lgTodf:t] k|k"lhtf ..#)..
j;kf]n dfO{ dgsfdgfoft af}4, l;v, lxGb" zfSt j z}j eQmhglk;+
elQmk"j{s clxlg{z -/ftlbg_ cr{g ofO .
OTydEolr{tf nf]s}df{tf sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eStfgfdeofo}j /fht] /fi6«/l~hgL ..#!..
y'u'syF nf]s+ cfkfnF x] ;'k"lht s?0ffof d"lt{ dgsfdgf dfO{ ;sn eQmhglk+t
ceo j g]kfM b]oft cfgGb aLu' nflu kxf8of Rjsfo\ lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofu'
b' .
k|o'tfblws+ eStfM k|ltjif{+ tbx{0ffd\ .
s'j{lGt alnbfg]g k'ikdfnfkmn}/lk ..#@..
bFo\b;F lemu' nfvl;g cKjM eQmhglkG;F alnbfg laofM :jfF, :jfFdf, kmnkm"n
5fofM dfO{ofu' k"hf ofO .
5fuf cg]sf x+;fZr s'Ss'6f dlxiff:tyf .
cKo{Gt] aln¿k]0f b]Jof:t[KTo} g[leM ..##..
c;+Vo b'u', x]F vf, d] cflb dfO{oft t[Kt ofo\u' nflu aln¿ko\ ld;f, ldh+
;sl;g+ elQmk"j{s ck{0f ofO .
s]lrt\ ;dk{oGtLx skf]tf} hLljtfjlk .
gfl/s]nkmn+ s]lrt\ tQ[KTo} aln¿ktM ..#$..
u'ln+ eQmhglk;+ Djflk+ av'Fhf] -efn]Ŗkf]yL_ 5hf] rw]ofO . u'lnl;g+ dfO{oft
alnof ¿ko\ g+SofUjM ck{0f ofO .
o:t' k"hot] eSTof b]jL+ lzv/jfl;gLd\ .
tf+ dgMsfdgf+ ; :ofb\ wgwfGo;'tflGjtM ..#%..
ej]H1fgL /fhdfGof] dltdfg\ zlStdf+:tyf .
lgTo+ lg/fdoM zfGtM k|;Ggf] nf]sxif{sM ..#^..
u'Xd eQm+ kxf8ofu' Rjsfo\ lj/fhdfg dgsfdgf dfO{oft elQmk"j{s k"hf ofO
pXd eQmhg wgwfGojfg\ Pj+ k'qjfg\ HjL . a8f 1fgL, /fhdfGo, a'l4dfg\,
zlQmzfnL, gL/f]uL, zfGt HjL . cn] nf]soft v'zL ofo\u' Hofo\ ;dy{jfg\ g
h'O .
oM k7]t\ >4of b]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
;f]ŕlk If]ddgfKgf]lt dft'/]j k|;fbtM ..#&..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' Yj dfxfTDo u'Xd dg'vF >4f;fy Ajlg, pXd dg¦oft dfO{of
lgufxg+ sNof0f g h'O .
o:t' k':tsk"hf~r s/f]lt >4of ;bf ..
; dgMsfdgfb]Jof ej]t\ lk|ot/f] g/M ..#*..
u'Xd]l;g+ >4f tofM Yj ;km"oft ;bf k"hf ofO, pXd JolQm dgsfdgf dfO{of
clt of]Xd k'tf h'O .
of] dgMsfdgfof lx dfxfTDodltb'Nn{ed\ .
k|bf:olt r eSt]EoM ; ej]b\ /lIft:tof ..#(..
Yj dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dfxfTDo ;km" clt x] b'n{e vM . ps]F u'Xd]l;g Yj
dfxfTDo ;km" ;Rrf eQmhglk+t ljt/0f ofO, pXd]l;t dfO{g+ ;+/If0f k|bfg
ofgflaHofO .
of] dgMsfdgfb]JofM k7]t\ :tf]q+ r k|Toxd\ .
; t]h:jL ej]b\ jL/f] /fhg]tf hglk|oM ..$)..
u'Xd JolQm+ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' :tf]q lXglXgO lgTo kf7 ofO, pXd JolQm
t]hjfg\, jL/ tyf hglk|o /fhg]tf h'O .
k|lt;fo+ k7]b\ o:t' :jhg}M kl/jfl/tM .
cWofod]sdw{ jf Znf]sfg\ sltkofg't ..$!..
t:d} ;f}efUodIf'00f+ ;'v+ ;DklQd]j r .
>LdgMsfdgf b]jL k|oR5lt g ;+zoM ..$@..
yM s'6'Da, aGw'afGwj yMlyltt ;sn]+ d'gfM ;GofOno\ lgTo dgsfdgfdfxfTDo
ofu' 5u', afu' cyjf 5'F Znf]shs kf7 oft wf;f kf7soft dfO{g+ cv08
;f}efUo, cNofv ;'v;DklQ k|bfg ofgflaHofO . y's] 5'F zÍf db' .
;b\ledf{GoM lzjs/tg'M zÍ/:ofjtf/f]
uf]/Iff] of] ljgolt hgfn\Fnf]s/Iffk|j[QM .
;j{]Eof] gf]ŕlenliftbbf+ tf+ dgMsfdgf r
uf}/L+ zZjHhglxts/LdLZj/Ldfx'/fKtfM ..$#..
sNof0fd"lt{, eujfg\ zÍ/of cjtf/, uf]/vfgfy nf]s/Iffsd{o\ nu]h'ofM
;bfsfn dg'iodfqoft ljgoL -cg'zfl;t_ ofgflaHofO . j;kf]n ;bf+ nf]s+
cfb/ ofgftXd vM . j;kf]n dgjf~5fk"0f{ ofgflaHofOXd dgsfdgf dfO{oft
lqmofjfg\ 1fgL kl08tlk;+ ;bf;j{bf hgsNof0fsfl/0fL eujtL b'uf{ g wfO .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{g+ gfd k|ydf]ŕWofoM ..!..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy låtLof]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'Tjf dgMsfdgfof dfxfTDo+ lsl~rb'Q/d\ .
>f]t'+ dgM sfdot] t:ofZrf]TklQsf/0fd\ ..!..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dfxfTDo 5'F erf Gog] w';]Fln lhu' dgo\ d]d]u' ljifo g+
Gog]u' dg;'jf pTkGg h'n . lhtM j;kf]nofu' pTklQofu' sf/0f Gog]u' dg;'jf
h'n .
u'??jfr
of b]jL ;[li6¿kf ;f huTqolxt}lif0fL .
;j{q zlSt¿k]0f dft[¿k]0f r l:ytf ..@..
g]kfn/fi6«/Iffy{+ k|fb'e{"tf lx tq ;f .
tGdgMsfdgfof:Tj+ eStf] eljt'dx{l; ..#..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft
u'Xd ;[li6¿lk0fL b]jL :j+u' nf]soft sNof0f ofgflaHofOXd vM, phf]Xd b]jL
nf ;j{q zlQm j dft[¿ko\ ljBdfg h'oflaHofu' b' . j;kf]n dgsfdgf dfO{
/fi6«oft /Iffof lgldQo\ pu' yf;; pTkGg h'oflaHofu' vM . ps]F x] /fhg\ Û
5Mlk+ g+ j;kf]nof eQm h'oflaHofo\dfM .
c:o /fi6«:o aLh+ t' ;[i6]/fbf} lx z"lngf .
pKtdf;Llbb+ /fi6«+ :ju{t'No+ ljlwT;'gf ..$..
Yj g]kfM b]ofu' k';f nf ;[li6of cflbsfno\ eujfg\ lzjhLF lkoflaHofu' vM .
5fo\ wf;f Yj g]kfMb]oft :ju{;dfg ofo\u' j;kf]nof dg;'jf b"u' h'n .
b|Jo;fxflewf] jL/M ;'zLnM Iflqoif{eM .
nDh'Ë/fhk'qf]ŕ;fjf;LGGofok|jw{sM ..%..
b|Jo zfx w}Xd 5Xd le+Xd Iflqo jL/ vM . j;kf]n cToGt zLn :jefj b'Xd
vM ndh'ªof /fhs'df/ vM . /fhsfho\ GofokIfoft ltjfM a9fjf aLXd JolQm
vM .
sfnLeStf hgfM ;j{] uf]/vfjfl;g:tbf .
Goføo+, ;'/fi6«+, :jftGœodEoniog\ ;'/f Oj ..^..
pu' avto\ x] sfnLof eQm ;sn uf]/vfof afl;Gbflk;+ b]ju0f+ y]FtF' Gofod"ns
;'/fi6« j :jtGqtfof dg;'jf ofMu' vM .
cGj]ifoGt påfx+' /fhfg+ gLltsf]ljbd\ .
t]ŕ>[0jg \ gfd b|Jo:o ;fx;+ w}o{d]j r .
tt:tblGts+ uTjf uf]/vfg[kt]M kb] .
t+ :yfklot'ldR5Gtf] t]ŕa|'jg \ Iffqk"?ifd\ ..&..
uf]/vfaf;Lto\;+ zlQmzfnL tyf Gofolk|o h'h' dfnfM Rj+u' h'n . b|Jo zfxofu'
;fx; j w}o{ af/] Gog . ps]F b|Jo zfxoft uf]/vfofu' /fhkbo\ k|lt:yflkt
ofo\u' OR5f ofgfM uf]/vfjf;Lt /fhs'df/of ;dLk; jgfM j;kf]n Iflqo
k'?ifoft ljlGt oft .
uf]/vfhfgkbf pmr'M
u'j{Ëf du/fM Iffqf a|fXd0ffu|f jo+ k|hfM .
;'zf;g+ :yfkloTjf ;Gtf]if+ b]lx gf] a'w ..*..
c:dlGgj]bg+ >'Tjf TjdfuR5 g[kf] ej .
Gofo:jtGqtfwf/] /fHo+ ;~rfno k|ef] ..(..
:jftGœo]0f ljgf nf]sM sy+ k|fk]t\ ;dfgtfd\ <
ljgf ;dfgtf+ Gofo+ k|fKg'jlGt k|hfM syd\ < ..!)..
;dfgtf s]jn+ lx e|fqf]d{Wo] ej]lGdyM .
ttf] hfgkbfg\ e|ft[g\ dTjf Tj+ zf;g+ s'? ..!!..
jo+ s'zf;sfb]j kLl8tflZr/sfntM .
;'zf;g+ TjdfuTo b]lx gM Iflqoif{e ..!@..
uf]/vfjf;L hgtf+ ljlGtoft Ŗ ælhlk+ u'?ª, du/, k|hfhglk;+ a|fXd0foft GXo
n'sfu' b' . x] ljj]szLn Û yg uf]/vfo\ ;'zf;g :yfkgf ofgfM lhldt ;Gtf]if
laoflaHofx'F . lhldu' Yj lgj]bg cËLsf/ ofgf laHofx'F . lhldXd h'h'
h'oflaHofx'F . x] k|e' Û Gofo j :jtGqtfof cfwf/+ cfwfl/t /fh;+:yfkg
ofgflaHofx'F . :jtGqtfljgf b'lgofF ;dfgtf uy] k|fKt ofO < ;dfgtfljgf
hgtf+ Gofo uy] k|fKt ofO < kf/:kl/s ;dfgtf s]jn bfh'lsofofu' laro\ hs
bO . ps]F hgtfoft yMXd x] ;2] bfh'lshf wsfM efMkf tofM zf;g
ofgflaHofx'F . lhlk+ lr/sfnlg;]F kLl8t h'ofRjgfu' b' . x] Iflqo/fh Û 5lkF
laHofgfM lhldtM ;'zf;g laoflaHofx'F .ÚÚ
u'??jfr
OTy+ lgj]lbtf] nf]s}uf]{/vfjfl;lea'{w}M .
b|Jo;fxf]ŕudb \ /fhk|f;fb+ tq ;+l:ytd\ ..!#..
uTjfŕk;fo{ ls+e"k+ /fhl;+xf;g]ŕj;t\ .
uf]/vfjfl;g:t:dft\ ;'zf;gdjfKg'jg\ ..!$..
kfnloTjf ax"gAbfg\ k|hfM k'qflgjf}/;fg\ .
:ju{+ k|oftM ;f}/fHo+ bTjf k'qfo wLdt] ..!%..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ y'u'syu'F uf]/vfnL a'l4zfnL hg;d'bfo+ lgj]bg
of;]Fln b|Jozfx nfos'nL laHofgfM b'i6 zf;soft Ro't ofgfM :jo+
/fhl;+xf;go\ ;df;Lg h'oflaHoft . cgFln uf]/vfaf;L hgtf+ ;'zf;g k|fKt
oft . cn] tf bFtSs k|hfhglkGt k'qjt\ k|]d j jfT;No;fy kl/kfng ofgfM
;'l:y/ yMu' /fhkf6 bSj yXd a'l4jGt sfo\oft nMXnfgfM lbjËt h'oflaHoft
.
b|Jo;fx:o k'q:t' k"0f{;fxM ;'zf;sM.
OGb|t'Nof]ŕejQ:dft\ k'/Gb/ Olt :d[tM ..!^..
t:o k'qZ5q;fxf] Ho]i7f]ŕNkfo'a{e"j x .
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fhf /fd;df]ŕejt \ ..!&..
b|Jo zfxof sfo\ k¨0f{zfx h'n, u'Xd ls tMwDXd ;'zf;s h'n . OGb|t'No h"u'
sf/0f+ j;kf]noft k'/Gb/ -OGb|_ zfx wsfM g+ ;Dem]h'Ou' h'n . j;kf]nof
h]yfXd sfo\ 5q zfx h'n . t/ j;kf]n cNkfo' h'n . cgln sfG5fXd sfo\
/fd zfx nf /fhf /fd;dfg x] h'n .
t:o GofoJoj:yf lx nf]s] ljVofltdfutf .
/fd/fHo+ uf]/vfof+ :yflkt+ t]g lgZrod\ ..!*..
/fd zfxofu' Gofo Joj:yf nf]so\ k|l;4 h'n . 5fo\wf;f j;kf]nF uf]/vfo\
lglZrt ¿k+ dfgf] /fd/fHo x] :yfkgf ofgflaHoft .
olb ljBf ljn'Ktf :oft\ sfZof+ uR5Gt' dfgjfM ..
olb Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uf]/vf+ ofGt' dfgjfM ..
Olt k|l;4f nf]sf]StL /fd;fxk|zf;gft\ ..!(..
æljBf nf]k h'n wf;f sfzL x'F, Gofo n'Kt h'n wf;f uf]/vf x'FÚÚ w}u' nf]sf]lQm
/fdzfxofu' ;'zf;gsfno\ k|l;4 h"u' vM .
/fhf]jfr
sy+ >L/fd;fx]g Gofozf;gd'Qdd\ .
bQ+ r sLb[zL zlSt:t:d} k|fKtfŕejt \ syd\ .
Olt d] ;j{dfVoft'dx{l; Tj+ a'wf]Qd ..@)..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ /fd zfx h'h'+ pu'sy+u' pQdu' Gofok"0f{ zf;g uy]
k|bfg ofgflaHofo\ kmt < j;kf]noft u'hf]u' zlQm k|fKt h'n < u'u'sy+ k|fKt
h'n < a'l4zfnLju{of laro\ ;jf{]Qd x] u'?b]j Û ofjt\ j[QfGt 5nkf]n+ lhtM
sgflaHofo\ dfn .
u'??jfr
/fd;fx:o dlxifL ;j{nIf0f;+o'tf .
nLnfjtLlt lj1ftf gfDgf;Lb\ dlxdfjtL ..@!..
;}j /f1L rGb|d'vLTolk nf]s}M :d[tfŕejt \ ..
cg]s}gf{dle1f{tf ;fŕe"t \ ls+ t:o sf/0fd\ .
;j{+ /fh]Gb| jIoflk ;fjwfgtof z[0f' ..@@..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ h'h' /fd zfxof nfgL ;sn nIf0f b'Xd vM .
j;kf]nofu' gf+ dlxdfjtL vM . nLnfjtL wsfM g wfOu' vM . j;kf]noft nf]s+
rGb|d'vL wsfMg wfO . y'syF nfgL yLyLsyF 5fo\ kl/lrt h'n < ps]ofu' sf/0f
5' v < jg+ lhF bSj sg] . x] /fhg\ Û Wofg laofM GogflaHofx'F .
dxfsfnL dxfnIdL dxfk"Hof ;/:jtL .
nLnfjtLz/L/] lx lti7lGt :d dxLkt] Û
t:dfb\ /f1L nf]sdftf ax'legf{dleM :d[tf ..@#..
x] /fhg\ Û clt k"Ho dxfsfnL, dxfnIdL, dxf;/:jtL y'lk+ :jXd lqb]jL nfgL
nLnfjtLofu' z/L/o\ af; h'oflaHofu' b' xF . ps]F ;f/f k|hfhgof dfF y]+ ofXd
nfgL nLnfjtLofu' cfkfnF gf+ sxn] h"j+u' vM .
/fd;fx;efofGt' b]Jo'kl:yltsf/0fft\ .
k|fKg'jg\ ;snf nf]sf Gofo+ lrQk|xif{sd\ ..@$..
/fd;fx;ef nf]s}M :d[tf b]j;e]lt x .
tqf;g\ b]jb]jf+zfM ;GtM l;4fZr ;fwjM ..@%..
o] ;GtM ;fwjM l;4f e[z+ Gofok|jw{sfM .
Gofof]ŕe"t \ :jfy{/lxt:tfb[zf+ ;d'kl:yt]M ..@^..
/fd zfxof ;efo\ b]jLofu' pkl:ylt b"u' sf/0f+ ofgfM ;sn nf]s+ yMu' lrQoft
clt xif{bfos sy+u' Gofo k|fKt ofMu' vM . /fd zfxof ;ef nf dfgf] b]j;ef
x] vM wsfM nf]s+ dfg]ofOu' xF . pu' ;efo\ b]jtfofu' c+z k|fKt JolQm, ;Gt j
l;4t gfk+ ljBdfg b' xF . phf]lk+ JolQmto\u' pkl:ylt+ ofgfM Gofooft
:jfy{/lxt ofo\t ltjM h"jO . b]jtfofu' c+zof ¿ko\ ;fw' tyf l;4u0f to\s]
5'Fg+ JolQmut :jfy{ db'u'ln+ j;kf]nlk;+ GofokIfoft GXon's]km'u' vM .
k/+ g /f1L+ /fhfŕlk hfgLt] zlSt¿lk0fLd \ .
;fIff2]jL+ /fhu[x] j;GtL+ k/d]Zj/Ld\ ..@&..
s]jn+ nId0ff] yfkf h1f} l;l4an]g ;M .
uf]/Ifgfys[kof o]g l;l4M ;dfutf ..@*..
t/ zlQmof ¿ko\ ;fIfft\ b]jL x] /fhb/jf/o\ lj/fhdfgXd k/d]Zj/L vM w}u' vF
h'h'ofs] g 1fg db' . /fd zfxof d'VoXd dGqL nId0f -nvg_ yfkf+ -du/_
uf]/vfgfyof kfv]F l;l4 k|fKt ofMu'ln+ Yj x] l;l4ofu' an+ j]sM 5Xd]l;g+ hs
pu' /x:o :o"u' vM .
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL uf]/vf/If0f] /tf .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o dgMk'qLlt lj>'tf ..@(..
u'?uf]{/vgfyZr uf]/Iffj|ltg+ g[kd\ .
lzIfog\ Gofosfo{] lx /Iflt :d k|hfM ;'vd\ ..#)..
u'Xd dxfb]jL dxfsfnL, uf]/vfoft /Iff ofgflaHofOXd vM, pXd dxfb]jL u'?
uf]/vfgfyof dfg;k'qL vM w}u' nf]so\ k|l;l4 h"u' vM . u'? uf]/vfgfy+ g
uf]dftfof /Iff ofo\u' j|t wf/0f ofgflaHofXd h'h'oft u'u'syF /fHoo\
Gofo;Dkfbg ofo\dfM w}u' ;'lzIff laofM b'lgofFoft /Iff ofgflaHofou' vM .
/fhf]jfr
sf]ŕo+ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfŕ;Lb \ /fhjNneM .
sy+ r t]g ;+l;l4M k|fKtf s:dft\ dxfu'/f]M ..#!..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ Yj nId0f w}Xd l;4 yfkf ;' vM < u'Xd dg' h'h'of
c;fWo of]Xd vlg . u'u'syF ;' dxfu'?kfv]F jo\sn+ l;l4 k|fKt ofgflbn <
u'??jfr
cf;Lt\ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfj+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfk]lt ljVoftf] b]jLeStf] hglk|oM ..#@..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ nId0f w}Xd Yj l;4 yfkfofu' j+zo\ hGd]h"Xd
tMwXd d'lg vM . nf]so\ j]sM nvg yfkf wsfM k|l;4 h"u' vM . j]sM b]jLof
k/d eQm vM . j]sM cToGt nf]slk|o g vM .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o s[kof l;l4dfKtjfg\ .
1fglj1fgjfg\ ljåfg\ ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..##..
nvg yfkf+ u'? uf]/vfgfyofu' s[kf+ l;l4 k|fKt ofgfbLu' vM . j]sM 1fg j
lj1fgof 1ftf vM, ljåfg\ vM . j]sM ;f/f hgtf+ cfb/ ofgftXd g vM .
Nxfof]j+Zof] nvGyfkf /fd;fx;xfosM .
du/f] /fd/fHo]ŕe"t \ nId0ff] /fdeStsM ..#$..
Nxfof] j+zo\ hGd h"Xd nvg yfkf -nId0f yfkf_ du/ jf:tj] /fd zfxoft
y¦hf]Xd Ujfxfln aLXd h'n ls j]sM dfgf] /fd/fHoo\ eujfg\ /fdof eQm h'ofM
hGd]h"Xd lshf nId0f y]F h'n .
/f1L ;Ltf;df b]jL nId0f+ /fd;]jsd\ .
k|LTof :jeSt+ hfgLt] l;l4o'St+ ;'dlGq0fd\ ..#%..
/fd zfxof dxf/fgL g ;Ltf;dfg vM . /fdof ;]js lshf nId0f;dfgXd
nvg yfkf du/oft l;l4 k|fKtXd, ;fk x] leXd dGqL tyf yXd eQm wsfM
j;kf]n+ :o" .
jL/f Gofolk|ofM >]i7f uf]/vfjfl;gf] hgfM .
OGy+ ;'v]g lbj;fg\ ofkolGt lg/fkbM ..#^..
y'u'syF jL/, Gofok|]dL tyf ;j{>]i7 uf]/vfjf;L hg;d'bfo+ 5'F cfklQ dbo\s
;'vk"j{s hLjg ofkg ofOu' vM .
g tqf;Lg\ dxfdf/L b'le{If+ g}j r >'td\ .
:jwd{] lgotf nf]sf /f1f ;+/lIftfM ;bf ..#&..
uf]/vfo\ u'an]F x] 5'F x] dxfdf/Lt dh" . clgsfnofu' nf gfF x] Gog] db' . yMyMu'
wd{o\ k|j[Q h'ofM Rjlglk+ hgtfoft h'h'+ cg ;b}j ;+/If0f laofRj+u' vM .
k/+ sfn]g lsotf /fd;fxf] dxLkltM .
:juf{/f]x0fdfrqm] /f1L tdg'ufldgL ..#*..
t/ 5'F ;dolnkf h'h' /fd zfx :juf{/f]x0f h'n . nfgL g ;tL h'of M h'h'of
cg'ufldgL h'oflaHoft .
wdf{jTofM sd{bfofM ;+ud] If]q;Qd] .
/fd;fx:o b]x:o lrtflUgbxg+ s[td\ ..#(..
wdf{jtL -b/f}+bL_ j sd{bf -d:of{ª\bL_ v';Lofu' bf]efg, clt pQd If]qo\ /fd
zfxofu' kfly{j z/L/ lrtfofu' clUgO bxg h'n .
k|ljzGtL+ lrtfof+ tf+ :jb]zHjngf]Btfd\ .
/f1L+ nLnfjtL+ b[i6\jf nId0ff] JonkQbf ..$)..
b]JofZ5fof+ ljgf ;j{] Xogfyf uf]/vfhgfM .
eljiofdf] dft[xLgf j/fsf afnsf Oj ..$!..
yMu' b]xbxg ofo\t pBt h'ofM lrtf¿9 h'oflaHofo\ToMXd nfgL nLnfjtLoft
vgfM pu' avto\ nId0f yfkf+ tTIf0f ljnfk ofgfM w}lbn Ŗ ædxf/fgLofu'
5q5fof ljgf lhlk+ km'SsF uf]/vfof hgtf dft[ljxLg, cbgf drfvrft y]F
h'Ou'h'n .ÚÚ
ljnkGt+ nvGyfkf+ b[i6\jf ;f eStjT;nf .
hufb]Ty+ dxfeSt+ l;4+ t+ ;+lztj|td\ ..$@..
yfkf, df ?lblx Tj+ t' eStf]ŕl; dd jT;nM ..
k|fb'e"{tf eljiofld gfltb"/] u[xft\ tj ..$#..
y'syF ljnfk ofgfbLXd nvg yfkfoft vgfM yXd eQmoft bofŖdfof
ofgflaHofOXd nfgL+ j dxfeQm, dxfj|tL, l;4 k'?if nvg yfkfoft y'u'syF
cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ æx] nId0f yfkf Û Djfn Vjo\dt] . 5nf lhXd eQm vM,
lk|o g vM . ps]F lh 5+u' 5F]o\g cfkfM dkfSs 5+u' x] 5]Fof ;dLk; xfg+ k|s6
h"j] .ÚÚ
OTo'STjf tTIf0f] b]Jof :jb]xbxg+ s[td\ .
u[x+ oftf] nvGyfkf b]jLeStf] dxfd'lgM ..$$..
y'ln vF cf1f bo\sfM nLnfjtL nfgL tTsfn yMu' kfly{j b]x bfx ofgfM cnk
h'oflaHoft . b]jLof dxfg\ eQm dxfd'lg nvg yfkf du/ g yMu' 5]Fo\
emfoflbn .
lsoTsfn]g tb\u|fd] s]gfŕlk xnsif{0fd \ .
s[t+ tq}j ;Ltfofdj?4+ xn+ Xoe"t\ ..$%..
k|:t/] rfj?4+ tb\ obf lgisflzt+ xnd\ .
tbf k|:t/dWofQ' ;';|fj ?lw/+ ax' ..$^..
b]JofM k|sl6t+ ¿k+ lj1fo nId0ff] d'lgM .
;j{]iff+ k|fKo ;fxføo+ lg/dfb\ dlGb/+ If0fft\ ..$&..
ttf] dgMsfdgf ;f eStfgf+ sfdbfŕejt \ ..$*..
cn] 5'F ;dolnkf j]sMofu' ufdo\ 5Xd dg'v+ xnf] Hjt]ofgfRj+u' h'n . cg;Ft'F
a'FO{ 5yfo\ xnf] tSog . NjxFto\ yfu' xnf] lnsfn . NjxFofu' sflkOF eNeNtL lx
au]h'n . nvg d'lg+ b]jL d"t{¿ko\ k|s6 h"u' w}u' vF l;n . plsof nflu ;sn
hgofu' Ujfxfln sofM tTIf0f dlGb/ lgdf{0f ofgflbn . jx] b]jL eQmhgofu'
dgofu' sfdgf k"0f{ ofgflaHofOXd ;fIfft\Xd dgsfdgf dfO{ h'oflaHoft .
cy eStf] dxft]hf nvGyfkf:t' ;]jsM .
; dgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hsf]ŕe"t \ :jo+ a'wM ..$(..
cn] nfgLof k/d eQm ;]js dxft]h:jL a'l4dfg\ nvg yfkf yMx] dgsfdgf
dfO{ofu' k'hf/L h'oflbn .
/fhf]jfr
k/+ dof >'t+ k"j{+ ob\ eStf] nId0fM ;'wLM .
b]jL+ k|fk"hot\ l;4M :jLo] u|fd] ;b}j lx ..%)..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ t/ lh+ Gogfu' b' ls eQm nvg yfkf ljåfg\ vM . j]sM
l;4k'?if+ ;bfF x] yMu' ufod\ b]jLofu' k"hf ofgfM Rjlgu' h'n .
u'??jfr
oR5«'t+ ejtf /fhg\ ;To+ tT;j{d]j lx .
b]JofM k"hf+ ;b}jf;fjs/f]NnId0fM ;'wLM ..%!..
k"j{+ lx dWos"6:yf dxfsfnL hufb td\ .
;fxj+z:o /fhf :ofb|fi6«}sLs/0ff]BtM ..%@..
t:o ;fkmNo;Dk|fKTo} b]jLdf/fwo lk|o .
:ju|fd] TjQkMk"t] sŔofs] z'egfds] ..%#..
Tjbf/fwg;Gt'i6f ;j{zlSt:j¿lk0fL .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL t:d} l;l4+ k|bf:olt ..%$..
>'Tjf tb\ jrg+ b]Jof d'vfbd[t;+o'td\ .
cfuTo nId0f:yfkf k"hf+ b]JofZrsf/ r . %%..
k|Tox+ elStefjfStM l;4M ; du/f] d'lgM .
k"hf+ b]Jof lx k|LToy+{ s/f]lt :d tbf1of ..%^..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ x] /fhg\ Û 5Mlk;+ u'u' vF GogflaHofu' vM, j km'Ss
;To vM . ljåfg\ nvg yfkf+ dfO{ofu' lgTo k"hf ofOu' vM . 5fo\ wf;f Xgfkf x]
dfemsf]6o\ lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofXd dxfsfnL dfO+{ j]sMoft cf1f bo\sflaHofu'
b' ls zfxj+z h'h'+ /fi6«ofu' PsLs/0fof nflu pBf]u ofOltlg . plsofu'
;kmntfof nflu 5F b]jLofu' cf/fwgf ofo\u' Hof ofM . sŔofs w}u' 5+u' le+u'
ufd\o 5+u' cf/fwfgf+ ;Gt'i6 ;j{zlQm:j¿lk0fL dgsfdgf dfO{ zfx h'h'lkGt
;kmntf laoflaHofOltlg . b]jLofu' d'vf/ljGb+ cd[tt'No Yj ;'dw'/ jf0fL GogfM
nvg yfkf b]jLofu' k"hf ofo\u' Hofo\ ;+nUg h'oflbn . y'u'syF nfgLofu' cfzf+
j]sM du/ l;4 d'lg nvg yfkf+ elQm+ el/k"0f{ h'ofM dfO{oft k|;Gg ofo\u' nflu
x/]s lbg lgTo x] cljl5Gg ¿k+ k"hf ofgfbLu' vM .
ck"hob\ oq b]jL+ eStf]ŕ;f} nId0ff] d'lgM .
lznf+ b]jL:j¿kf+ tf+ tq}jf:yfkot\ l:y/fd\ ..%&..
Yj sf/0f+ u'u' yf;; XgfkfnfSs nId0f d'lgg+ k"hf ofOu' vM, pu' x] yf;;
b]jLof :j¿ko\ k|s6 h"u' l:y/ lznfoft g :yfkgf ofgflbn .
dGqljb\ ljlwljb\ lj1M l;4f] 1fgL k|;Ggx[t\ .
nvGyfkf ;'lj1ftM ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..%*..
cfhLjg+ dxfb]JofM k"hf+ s[Tjf z'lrj|tM .
lgZrqmfd ; jfw{So] tLyf{6gdltd{'lgM ..%(..
sfzLk|ofus]bf//fd]zab/LZj/fM .
b[i6fM ;j{] dxfkL7f nId0f]g tkl:jgf ..^)..
Olt tLyf{lg ;jf{l0f e|ldTjf nId0fM ;'wLM .
k'gM :ju|fddfuTo :jb]x+ lj;;h{ r ..^!..
cg cg]s dGqljlwof 1ftf, ;bfF k|;GglrQXd, km'Ssl;g+ Xd:o"Xd, ;sl;g+
cfb/ ofgftXd, l;4, 1fgL nvg yfkf kfjg j|t wf/0f ofgfM hLjge/
b]jLofu' elQmk"j{s k"hf ofgfM sfnfGt/o\ j[4fj:yfo\ tLy{ofqfo\ emfn . sfzL,
k|ofu, s]bf/, /fd]Zj/, alb|gfy cflb bSj dxfkL7ofu' bz{g nvg yfkf+
ofgflbn . y'u'syF ;f/f tLy{:ynt rfMlxnfM ;b\a'l4zfnL nId0f yfkf du/
xfsg+ yMu' x] ufdo\ NoxfF emfofM yMu' k|f0f ;xh¿k+ lj;h{gg ofgf lbn .
o] dgM sfdgfb]Jof elSto'Stf:t' dfgjfM .
k"0ff{lenliftf:t] :o' gf{q sfof{ ljrf/0ff ..^@..
b]jL dgsfdgfofu' elQmofOlk+ eQmhgto\u' OR5f k"0f{ h"O . y's] 5F' ;Gb]x db' .
Psflk nf]sfle?rfjg]sf:tg"M :jeStfg';[tf w/GtL .
nLnfjtL nId0f;+l>tf ;f d"Tof{ dgMsfdgofŕjtfb \ gM ..^#..
b]jL dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' elQm ofOlk+ u'lng dg'io t b', pln x] dg'ioofu'
dgf]/y k"0f{ cjZo h'O . y's] 5'F x] ;Gb]x ofo\u' yfo\ db' .
eujtL b]jL jf:tj] 5Xd h";fF dg'ioto\u' cle?lrcg';f/ cg]s vM . yMXd
eQmofu' OR5fcg';f/ yLyL d"lt{ wf/0f ofgflaHofOXd vM . phf]Xd b]jL+
nLnfjtL nfgL j nvg yfkfofu' OR5fd'tflas 5u' x] ¿k soflaHoft . Yj
d"lt{ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' d"lt{ vM . Yj d"lt+{, j;kf]n+ emLu' /Iff ofo\df .
uf]/Ifgfyfb'knAwl;l4 nL{nfjtLjT;ntfdxl4{M .
hulGgoGqLldx g]boGgf]ŕg'u|fxsf] nId0f cfb [tf]ŕ:t' ..^$..
eujfg\ uf]/vfgfykfv]F l;l4 k|fKt, nLnfjtL nfgLåf/f k|fKt jfT;No x] yMu'
tMw+u' ;d[l4 ;Dem]h'ofbLXd, nId0f yfkf du/+ hut\oft lgoGq0f
ofgflaHofOXd dfO{oft x] emLu';dIf xofM emL ;snl;t+ pksf/ j lgufx
ofgflbn . nvg yfkf du/oft emL ;snl;g+ cfb/ ofo\ .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgf]TklQgf{d låtLof]ŕWofoM ..@..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy t[tLof]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgf t:of pTklQljifo] >'td\ .
u'?jo{ k'gM >f]t'dLx] dlGb/j0f{gd\ ..!..
eujTofM ;'Gb/+ tb\ dlGb/+ s]g lgld{td\ .
dlGb/] b]jtfM sfZr lti7lGt b]Jo'kl:ytfM ..@..
;j{+ ;lj:t/+ >f]t'd'Tsdl:t dgf] dd .
s[kof ef] låh>]i7 Û jSt'dx{l; ;Dk|lt ..#..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ u'Xd dgsfdgf dfO{ vM, j;kf]nofu' pTklQof ljifon]
Gog] w'g . x] u'?j/ Û cfM j;kf]nofu' dlGb/ofu' jofg g Gog]u' dg;'jf b' .
eujtLofu' u'u' dgf]/d dlGb/ vM, j ;'gf lgdf{0f ofu' vM < j b]uno\ b]jLofu'
;fy ;' ;' b]jtft lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofu' b' < Yj bSj vF lj:tf/k"j{s Gog]u'
lgldQ lhu' dg pTsl07t h"u' b' . x] låh>]i7 Û s[kfk"j{s cfM Yj vF cf1f
bo\sflaHofx'F .
u'??jfr
k"j{d]j dof k|f]St+ /fd;fxdxLkt]M .
/f1L nLnfjtL ;fIffb\ b]jL ofŕKtf ;tLultd \ ..$..
k|fb'e"{tf k'gM ;}j e"Tjf sfdk|bfŕq lx .
sf/0f+ >"dtf+ o]g tq b]jL ;d'b\utf ..%..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ lh+ Xgfkf x] wfo\ w'+u' b', /fd zfxof nfgL nLnfjtL
;fIfft\ b]jL vM . u'Xd b]jL ;tL h'oflaHoft . xfsg+ nfgL k|s6 h'ofM cg
dgsfdgf b]jLof ¿ko\ lj/fhdfg h'oflaHoft . x] /fhg\ plsofu' sf/0f
GogflaHofx'F, u'u'ln+ ofgfM cg b]jLof ¿ko\ k|s6 h'oflaHoft .
k|lt/fq+ ;d'Tyfo lgzLy] zogft\ ;tL .
/f1L lgu{To k|f;fbfbfsfz] tq lti7lt ..^..
oq b]j;ef t:of clk dWo] lj/fht] .
Olt k|fUnId0ff]Stf]ŕlk JowflTsl~rGg e"kltM .
nAWjf k|;fb+ b]JofM ; k|zfl:t :d k|hf d'bf ..&..
dWo/ftklQs+ nfgL knË+ bgfM /fhb/jf/+ lkg] jofM cfS;] laHofO, u'u' yf;;
b]j;ef h'O . j;kf]n b]j;efof laro\ lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofO . Yj vF nId0f
yfkf+ Xgfkf x] hfx]/ ofgfbLu' vM . co\;fF h'h'+ 5'F larfM ofgfdlaHof . a?
b]jLofu' lgufx k|fKt ofgfM k|;Gg h'oflaHofXd h'h'+ leFlk+ yXd k|hfhgoft
zf;g ofgf M RjgflaHofu' vM .
Psbf /fd;fxf]ŕ;f} nId0f:o u[x+ oof} .
/f1L r k|oof} tq t]g e"kltgf ;x ..*..
sŔofsgfds] u|fd] Nxfof]j+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfkf lti7lt :d /fd;fx;xfosM ..(..
lgzLlyGof+ oyfk"j{+ /f1L tqfŕKob[Zot .
tb]o]if g[kf] 1ft'+ tb|x:o+ k|oTgtM ..!)..
/f1L eujtL¿kf b[i6f lgh{/;+;lb .
ttf] d'bf dxLkfn:t"i0fLsM zlot+' oof} ..!!..
5Xg' /fd zfx h'h' nId0f yfkfofu' 5]Fo\ laHoft . nfgL g h'h'gfkF cg x]
laHoft . Nxfof]j+zo\ hGd h'Xd dxfd'lg nvg yfkf sŔofs w}u' ufod \
RjlgXd vM cg g Xgfkfy]F dWo/fto\ nfgL cnk h'oflaHoft . cn] h'h'+ pu'
rl/qofu' /x:o kQf nu]ofgflaHofo\t k|of; ofgflaHoft . cg nfgLoft h'h'+
eujtLof ¿ko\ b]j;efo\ k|ToIf vg . cn] h'h'+ nfgLofu' y'u'syFu' b[Zo vgfM
j;kf]n no\tfofM ;'+s ;'snf ofgflaHoft .
k|ftj{Gbgsdf{y{+ /f1L /fhfgdfutf .
/fhf t' jlGbt'+ kfbf} b]Jo} gfbft\ k|zlÍtM ..!@..
ca|jLb\ e"kltb]{jL+ oQb|fqf} bbz{ ;M .
tR5'Tjf jrg+ b]jL e"kd"r] ;'b'Mlvtf ..!#..
sXg] v'Xg' ;'yo\ XgfkfF nfgL h'h'oft efluofo\t laHoft . t/ h'h'+ ;zlÍt
h'ofM nfgLoft efluofs] dlaHofM . h'h'+ dWo/fto\ v+u' vF bSj nfgLoft
sgflaHoft . Yj vF GogfM nfgL cToGt b'Mlvt h'ofM h'h'oft ljlGt
ofgflaHoft .
b]Jo'jfr
olb ljZjf;xLgf] df+ gfb|IoM ;'/;+;lb .
celjioZrqmjtL{ k/+ tGg lx ;Dej]t\ ..!$..
Tjb\j+zhf] lx /fHo:o lj:tf/f]ŕ:o sl/iolt .
s]jn+ lx ;'/fh]lt ljVoft:Tj+ eljiol; ..!%..
nfgL+ cf1f h'oflaHoftŖ olb cljZjf; ofgfM b]j;efo\ lrjf ofgfdlaHofu'
h";f, 5nkf]n rqmjtL{h'h' h'oflaHofOu' vM . t/ cfM Yj ;Dej db' .
5nkf]nof 5Xd ;'F j+zh+ Yj /fHo lj:tf/ ofO . 5nkf]noft nf s]jn le+Xd
h'h' w}u' Voflt hs k|fKt h'O .
u'??jfr
Olt Jofx[To ;f b]jL tq}jfGt/wLot .
>'Tjf eujtLjf0fL+ JoifLbb\ e"l/ e"kltM ..!^..
cb\e'tf 36gf Xo]iff 3l6tf tq k|fË0f] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM dlGb/+ oq ljBt] ..!&..
ttM k|fs6Ødfoftf lznf¿k]0f rflDasf .
;f lznf dWoefu]ŕB dlGb/:ofl:t k"lhtf ..!*..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ y'ln vF cf1f bo\sfM eujtL cg;F cGtwf{g
h'oflaHoft . eujtLofu' d'vf/ljGb+ Yj vF GogfM h'h' lvGg h'oflaHoft . Yj
cb\e'tu' 36gf cg k|fËf0f; h"u' vM, u'u' yf;; yf}FsXg] b]jL dgsfdgf
dfO{ofu' dlGb/ b' . Yj x] yf;; lnkf lznfof ¿ko\ dfO{ k|s6 h'oflaHoft . j
lznf x] yf}FsXg] dlGb/ofu' dWoefuo\ j;kf]n ;'k"lht h'oflaHofu' vM .
dlGb/+ /fd;fx:o /fHosfn] ljlgld{td\ .
;+:sfl/t+ r tTk'q/fHosfn] tyf k'gM !(..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dlGb/ /fd zfx h'h'ofu' ;do] lgdf{0f h"u' vM . j;kf]nof
sfo\ofu' kfn] Yj b]uM xfsg af/+af/ hL0ff{]4f/ ofo\u' Hof h"u' vM . y'hf]u' x]
k/Dk/f yg ;bf+lg;]+ cBflk sfod h'ofM Rj+u' b' .
b|JofTdhf] dof]Stf] oM k"0f{;fxM k'/Gb/M .
tTk'qZ5q;fxf]ŕe"HHo]i7f]ŕNkfo'lb{j+utM ..@).
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fdt'Nof] g[kf]ŕejt \ .
t:o k'qf] 8Da/f]ŕlk of]UoM k'qf] aef} lkt'M ..@!..
tTk'qM s[i0f;fxf]ŕe"b \ ?b|:tTk'q Pj r .
k[YjLklt/e"b|fhf wfld{sf] nf]sk"lhtM ..@@..
t]g :jzf;g] /f1f b]Jof dlGb/d'Qdd\ .
s[t+ dgMsfdgfofM k|LTo} tq ;'zf]egd\ ..@#..
lh+ Xgfkf x] wfo\ w'+u' b', b|Jo zfxof sfo\ k'/Gb/ zfx h'n . j;kf]nof h]yfXd
sfo\ 5q zfx cNkfo' cj:yfo\ lbjËt h'n . sfG5fXd sfo\ /fd zfx wf;f
/fd;dfgXd h'h' h'n . j;kf]nof sfo\ 8Da/ zfx, yXd af}of of]UoXd sfo\
h'n . j;kf]nof sfo\ s[i0f zfx h'n . j;kf]nof sfo\ ?b| zfx h'n . j;kf]nof
sfo\ k[YjLklt zfx a8f wdf{Tdf j nf]s+ cfb/ ofXd h'n . j;kf]n+ yMu'
zf;gsfn] dfO{oft k|;Gg ofo\u' nflu cToGt afFnfu' b]uM cg bo\sflaHofu' v
M .
obB dlGb/+ rfl:t t:o}j d"nlju|xM .
k[YjLkltlIftLz]g lgld{tf]ŕe"b \ dxfTdgf ..@$..
yfF}sXg] u'u' b]uM b"u' vM, j b]uM of d"n :j¿kofu' ;+/rgf dxfTdf h'h'
k[YjLklt zfx+ ofgflaHofu' vM .
lgld{ltj{t{dfg:o dlGb/:o tbfŕejt \ .
e"of] e"of] dxLkfn}M ;+:s[t+ r :jzf;g] ..@%..
;f dgMsfdgfb]jL >4o}j+ ;dlr{tf .
Ptfb[zL /If0fLof ejtfŕlk k/Dk/f ..@^..
cfM b}Rj+u' b]uM ofu' lgdf{0f pu' avto\ h"u' vM . lnkf lnkf g h'h'lk;+ yMyMu'
zf;gsfno\ Yj b]uMoft cem afFnfSs bo\s]u' Hof ofgflaHofu' b' . y'u'syF
eujtL dgsfdgf dfO{ >4f+ ;'k"lht h'oflaHofu' b' . y'hf]u' k/Dk/foft
;/sf/of kfv]F g ;+/If0f j ;+j4{g h'OdfM .
sf b]jtf:tq j;lGt dlGb/]
b]Jof dgMsfdgof ;x}j ofM .
gfdflg tf;f+ dlxdfgdr{g]
tyf k|;fb:o r j0f{g+ z[0f' ..@&..
dgsfdgf dfO{of ;dLk; b]uno\ ;' ;' d]d]lk+ BMlk;+ lgjf; ofgflaHofu' b' w}u'
vF . Pj+ pQm BM lklgu' gf+t, dfO{ofu' k"hfof dlxdf tyf k|;fbofu' jofg g
GogflaHofx'F .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL ;b}j l;+xjflxgL .
obf tq l:ytf /fhg\ eStfgf+ sfdbfŕejt\ ..@*..
tbf b]jfZr lglvnf:tqfuTo k|t'i6'j'M .
dft/+ tf+ hu4fqL+ nf]sqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..@(..
x] /fhg\ Û x/xd]zf l;+xjfxgo\ RjgflaHofXd a;kf]n dgsfdgf dfO{ u'an]lg;]F
cg lj/fhgdfg h'oflaHoft pan]lg;]F j;kf]n eQmhgto\u' dgsfdgf k"0f{
ofgflaHofOXd h'n . ;sn b]jtfu0f cg laHofgfM lqnf]sofu' sNof0f
ofgflaHofOXd, hub\wfqL j;kf]nofu' :t'lt ofgflaHofOu' h'n .
u0f]zM k|yd+ k|fKo l:ytf] d"ifsjfxgM .
dft'/Í] oyf afnM k'ql:ti7lt ;j{bf ..#)..
tqfŕŕoof} s'df/L r x+;s'Ss'/jflxgL .
sflGtk'of+{ hg}of{ŕŕ:t] k"lhtf ax'leM ;bf ..#!..
;jfxgM ;dfuTo Zj]te}/j pQdM .
t:of eSt Oj l:yTjf eSt/Iff+ s/f]lt r ..#@..
bsg] XgfkfF lt5'F afxfFno\ lj/fhdfg h'ofM >Lu0f]z dfgf] yXd dfFofu' d'no\
;b}j sfo\ Rjlg y]F cg laHofgfM lgjf; ofgflaHoft . sflGtk'/of hgtflk;+
k"lht h'oflaHofXd Xd]vf j lvrf afxfFno\ lj/fhdfg h'ofM s'df/L j
Zj]te}/j+ le+Xd eQm+ y]F cg eQmhglk+t /Iff g ofgflaHofM .
b]Jof cu|] If]ds/L of]lugL eStjT;nf .
kZrflT:ytf elSto'Stf j]tfnf ci6dft[sfM ..##..
Olt b]ju0ffM ;j{] tqfuTo ;;+e|dd\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/] ;+l:ytf d'bf ..#$..
eQmjT;n sNof0fL of]lugL, dfO{of ;Dd'v; lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofu' b' .
No"g]kfv] elQm;fy j]tfn j ci6dft[sfu0ft lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofu' b' . y'u'syF
;sn b]ju0f cg xyfo\ xyfo\ rfofM dfO{ofu' dlGb/o\ ;xif{ lj/fhdfg
h'oflaHofu' b' .
cBflk ;Hhgf:tq uR5lGt k"hgfo o] .
;jf{;f+ b]jtfgf+ lx bz{g+ k|fKg'jlGt t] ..#$..
cy] h'u'ln+ yf}FsXg] g u'lng+ eQmhgt k"hf ofo\t cg jlg plnl;g+ ;sn
b]jtfu0fofu' bz{g kfj]ofO .
o] eStf elSt;DkGgf eujTofM k|k"hsfM .
t]iff+ g /f]uf bfl/b|Ø+ g}j b'Mv+ sbfrg ..#^.
u'Xd eQmhg+ elQm+ el/k"0f{ efj+ dfO{ofu' k"hf afFnfSs ofO, pXd eQmhgoft
u'an]F nf]rF lyOdv' . bfl/b|Ø g b}dv' . b'Mv g h'Odv' .
of] dgMsfdgfb]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
u'Xofb\ u'Xot/+ k'0o+ b]jfgfdlk b'Nn{ed\ .
z[0f'ofb\ jf k7]b\ eSTof ; ne]t\ k/d+ ;'vd\ ..#&..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' Yj pQd dfxfTDo clt uf]Ko j kljq vM . b]ju0flklgu'
nflu g Yj b'n{e vM . Yj dfxfTDo u'Xd JolQm+ elQmk¨j{s Golg cyjf Ajlg j
JolQm+ k/d ;'v k|fKt ofO .
sGofyL{ net] sGof+ j/+ j/fly{gL ne]t\ .
k'qfyL{ net] k'q+ wgfyL{ net] wgd\ ..#*.
;'F o'js+ ljjfx -Olxkf_ of nflu le+Xd ld;f -sGof_ dfnfRj+u' b';f j o'js+
sGof -ld;f_ k|fKt ofO . ;'F o'jtL+ le+Xd j/ -ldhF_ dfnfRj+u' b';f j ld;f+
le+Xd ldh+ k|fKt ofO . sfo\drf rfxgf ofOXd JolQm+ sfo\drf k|fKt ofO .
;DklQ rfxgf ofOXd JolQm+ ;DklQ kfj] ofO .
nf]s}?bLl/t+ r}tR5«"ot] elStefjg}M .
Psd]j j/+ ofr]Hhgf] eStM :jhLjg] .
t+ j/+ k|fy{gfk|Ltf dftf k"/olt w'jd\ ..#(..
elQmefjF el/k"0f{ enfb\dLto\;+ wfOu' wfk' Gog] b' ls eQmhg+ yMu' hLjg] 5u'
hs j/bfg Ŕjg]dfM . dfO{ + eQmhgofu' j j/bfg cjZo k"0f{ ofgflaHofO .
;+:yfkgfsflns/fd;fx+ l//lIfif"g\ dlGb/d:o j+Zofg\ .
k[YjLklt+ tb\ b|9oGtd]jdfbz{e"k+ ;tt+ :d/fd ..$)..
Xgfkf dfO{ofu' dlGb/ :yfkgf ofu' avto\ /fd zfxoft, dlGb/ofu' ;+/If0f
ofgfto\u' dg;'jf ofOlk+ j;kf]nof j+zh ;Gtfgb/;Gtfgoft tyf dfO{ofu'
dlGb/ dha"t ofgfM lgdf{0f ofgflaHofXd cfbz{ /fhf k[YjLklt zfx oft emL;+
;bf ;j{bf n'd+s] .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{g+
gfd t[tLof]ŕWofoM ..#..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy rt'yf{{]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
nvGyfkf dxfl;4:tLyf{6g;d'T;'sM .
lgZrqmfd]lt ;+1ftf] ejb\j0f{gsf/0fft\ ..!..
k/+ s'q utM l;4M slt jiff{l0f rfŕe|dt \ .
dlGb/] r sbfŕŕoftM k"hfy +{ ; dxfd'lgM ..@..
cfuTo slt jiff{l0f nId0f]g s[tfr{gf <
tLyf{6glgj[Q]g ls+ s[t+ t]g of]lugf < ..#..
PtRr >"tt]ŕBflk :ju|fd+ k|fKo ;Gd'lgM .
Psl:dg\ uXj/] uTjf tq}jfGt/wLot ..$..
Olt ;To+ g jf ls+ tb\ u'?jof{lew]lx dfd\ .
ejtf]Stf+ syf+ >¦Tjf k'g/Lx] ttM k/d\ ..%..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ tLyf{6gof nflu pT;'s nId0f yfkf 5}F g+ lkxfF emfn
w}u' nf 5Mlk;+ j0f{g ofgflaHofu' sf/0f y'n . t/ j]sM l;4 k'?if ug ug
tLy{:yno\ emfn < u'ln bFtSs tLy{ofqf ofgflbn < dfO{ofu' k"hf ofo\u' nflu
xfsg+ u'an] lnxfF emfn < lnxfF emfo\ w'+sfM u'ln bFtSs dfO{ofu' k"hf ofgflbn<
cn] tLyf{6g ofgfM lnxfF emfoflbXd j]sM of]uL+ 5' Hof ofgflbn < yf}FsXg] Yj vF
g Gog] b'ls j]sM le+Xd d'lg yMu' ufdo\ Yo+sfM 5u' u'kmfo\ b'xfF emfofM cg;+
cnk h'oflbn xF . Yj vF ;To vMnfls dv' < x] u'?j/ Û lhtM Yj vF cf1f
bo\sflaHofx'F . 5nkf]nF cf1f bo\sflaHofu' afvF GogfM lhtM cem d]d]u' afvF
Gog]u' dg;'jf h'n .
u'??jfr
t]g åfbzjiff{l0f tLy{]if' e|d0f+ s[td\ .
yfkfj+Zo]g l;4]g nId0f]g dxlif{0ff ..^..
otM d l;l4;DkGgM zlStdfg\ a'l4dfg\ g[k .
jfw{So]ŕKos/f]t \ tLy{ofqfdlk ;'b'is/fd\ ..&..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ yfkfto\u' s'no\ hGd] h'ofbLXd l;4 nId0f dxlif{
lem+lgb bFtSs tLy{:ynt rfMlxnflbn . x] /fhg\ Û l;l4 k|fKt h"u'lnF j]sM a'wf
h";fF zlQmzfnL tyf a'l4jGt h'ofbLu' vM . a'wf h'Osfg+ ;fk x] yfs'u'
tLy{ofqf j]snF ofgflbn .
ci6l;l4;';DkGgf] nId0ff] elSt;+o'tM .
If0f]g dWos"6:y+ k|f;fbd'klti7t] ..
If0f]g b]JofM k"hfy{+ dlGb/+ rf]klti7t] ..*..
cl0fdflb ci6l;l4 k|fKt eQm nId0f yfkf u'hf]Xd wf;f l5ge/] dfemsf]6 -
uf]/vf b/jf/_ l5ge/] dfO{ofu' k"hf ofo\t dfO{ofu' dlGb/o\ Yo+sfbLXd vM .
efuL/yL+ gbL+ gfjf t/tLh{g;+xtLM .
dWos"6:yk|f;fbfbkZot\ ; dxfd'lgM ..(..
ctf/ot\ ; :ju[xfb\ uËfof+ klttf~hgfg\ .
;efofd]sbf t:o j:q+ lsl~rT;d'lGbtd\ ..!)..
syd]tlblt k[i6M ;ef;b\leM ; ljl:dt}M .
jftf{dsyot\ l;4:t/Lb'3{6gflTdsfd\ ..!!..
hgfM sltko] t]g :jo+ gBfM ;d'4[tfM .
x:t]g ;bo+ b"/fbtf] j:q+ ;d'lGbtd\ ..!@..
df;fGt/] >'tf jftf{ t/Lb'3{6gflTdsf .
kj{tLof hgfM s]lrt\ tqfŕŕ;g \ 36gf:yn] ..!#..
efuL/yL uËfhLO 8'Ëfo\ RjgfM t/]h'ofM RjFlkF ofqLto\t dxfd'lg nId0f yfkf+
uf]/vfofu' dfemsf]6 b/jf/+ vgflbu' vM xF . uËfhLO 8'a] h"lk+ ofqLto\t 5]F;F
RjgfM p4f/ ofgfbLu¦ vM xF . 5Xg' /fh;efo\;F j]sMofu' nF 5'F eltrf Koft .
crDd h'ofM ;ef;b\to\;+ æyy] uy] h"u' vMÚÚ wsfM Gog . cn] l;4 k'?if+ sfzL
uËfhLO 8'Ëfb'3{6gf h"u' vF sgflbn . j]sn+ bof tofM b'3{6gfu|:t u'lnv]
ofqLto\u' p4f/sfo{ yMu' x] Xnft+ ofgfbLu' vM . ps]F j]sM ofu' nF KofMu' vM .
pu' 36gf:yno\ u'lnv] tLy{ofqL t kxf8F jMlkF b"u' h'ofRj+u' h'n .
jif{}åf{bzlebL{3{} e|{dGgf;Lt\ ;elStsM .
;snfGolk tLyf{lg nvGyfkf dxfd'lgM ..!$..
y'hf]Xd l;4 nId0f yfkf+ lr/sfntSs cyf{t\ lem+lgb bF lasfM ;sn tLy{:yn
elQmk"j{s rfMlxnflbn .
j[4f] åfbzjif{]ŕlk gfoft Olt lrGtof .
t:o ;GtltleM ;j{}af{Gwj}Zr ;dfs'n}M ..!%..
sl:d+lZrblk tLy{] lx ToStb]xf] ej]lblt .
dTjf t}:t' s[tfM ;jf{M lqmof:t:of}Wj{b]lxsfM ..!^..
lem+lgb bF lat]h'ng, a'wf lndYoF wsfM lrGtf+ Jofs'n j]sMof ;Gtfg tyf
aGw'ju+{ 7x/] oftls ;DejtM j]sn+ ug+ 5u' le+u' tLy{:yno\ yMu' b]xTofu
ofgflbn h'O . y'u'sy+u' ljrfM ofgfM j]sMlk;+ ;Lan] ofo\dfu' lqmofsd{ bSj
cGTo]li6 ;+:sf/ l;wo\sn .
k/Gt' ; ;dfuR5b]sbf nId0ff] d'lgM .
l;4f] j[4:tkMk"tM :ju|fd+ :jhg}j[{td\ ..
k/+ kl/lrtf] g}j ;f]ŕejb \ a¦xleh{g}M ..!&..
t/ 5Xg' j l;4, j[4, tk:of+ kljqXd nId0f d'lg :jhgt b"u' yMu' ufdo\
lnxfF emfn . k/Gt' j]sMoft ;'gfg+ klxrfg ofo\ dkm'u' h'n .
ls~r t]g >'tf rrf{ u|fddfu{] hg}M s[tf .
nvGyfkf d[t Olt e"of] g}jfuldiolt ..!*..
>[Tj}tfb[Ujr:t]g d'vft\ :ju|fdjfl;gfd\ .
cx+ u[x+ uldiofld g]lt tq}j lglZrtd\ ..!(..
ty}j lgZro+ s[Tjf ; u'xfEoGt/+ utM .
cGtwf{g+ ttM l;4M :jl;l4an;+o'tM ..@)..
ps] dfly emg\ ænId0f yfkf ;L w+'sn, cfM xfsg+ lnxfF j}dv'tÚÚ w}u' wfk'
cgoflk+ jfl;Gbf ;sl;+u' pu' rrf{ nFo\;+ Gogflbn . yMu' x] u|fdjf;Llklgu'
Xd'tF' y'hf]u' jrg GogfM j]+sn+ cfM lh yMu' 5F]o\ jg]dv't wsfM cg;F lgZro
ofgflbn . y'u'syF lg0f{o ofgfM j]sM 5u' u'kmfo\ ;'+s b'xfF emfn . yMu' l;l4ofu'
an+ j]sM l;4k'?if cg;Ft'F cnk h'oflbn .
j}zfvd"l0f{dfof+ t' ; l;4f]ŕGt/wLot .
g s]gflk dg'io]0f b[i6M ;f]ŕgGt/+ d'lgM ..@!..
ttf]ŕe"g\ lglvn}nf]{]s} 1f{tf ……l;4u'xfÚÚ g[k .
;/x:of ttf]ŕuDofŕejt \ ;f k"lhtf u'xf ..@@..
tqfGt/] lx ljj/f} åf} dfuf{ljj ;+l:ytf} .
Psf] uf]/vfgfy:o u'xf+ k|fKgf]lt Xo'Q/] .
k/+ l;4M k'dfg]j tfdjfKt'+ lx zSg'oft\ ..@#..
j}zfvdf k'lXg v'Xg' l;4k'?if nId0f yfkf cg u'kmfo\ cnk h"u' vM . cg+lnkf
;'gfg+ j l;4k'?ifoft dvF . pan]lg;]F pu' u'kmfoft ;sl;g+ æl;4u'kmfÚÚ wfOu¦
h'n . cgln j /x:odo tyf cuDo u'kmf kljq wsfM dfg] ofOu' h'n . ;fyo\
cg k"hfg+ ofOu' h'n . u'kmfo\ lgu' KjfM b', u'u' KjfM dfgf] lgk¦ nF y]F RjF . 5u'
nF pQ/kfv] jg]an] uf]/vfgfyofu' u'kmfo\ Yolg . t/ l;4k'?if hs pu'syFu'
l;4 u'kmfo\ jg] kmO .
t:of+ u'xfof+ kltt+ kmn+ lsl~rblk b|'td\ .
uf]/IfuXj/] k|fKt+ ejtLlt hg>'ltM ..@$..
tyf lsl~rblgi6+ t' olb b]z] kltiolt .
uf]/vfsflnsf/St+ u'xfof+ b[Zot] hg}M ..@%..
pu' l;4 u'kmfo\ s't'F j+u' u'u' kmn vM j t'?Gt uf]/vgfy u'kmfo\Yo+s jlg xF
w}u' hg>'lt b' . ;fyo\ b]z; 5' clgi6 h'OTog wf;f uf]/vsfnL dlGb/+
au]h'of jMu' xL cg+g vg] b} w}u' wfk' b¦ .
s'nb]j+ k"holGt Nxfof]j+Zof:t' tq lx .
nvGyfkfj+zhftf j}zfvk"l0f{dflbg] ..@^..
Psbf g ;dfgLtM k"hfy{dlUg/]j t}M .
ls+ st{Joldlt If'Aw}:t}M k[i6+ t' k/:k/d\..@&..
tb}s]gf]StldTy+ ob\ nvGyfkf tkf]ŕs/f]t \ .
oBq r]QbflUg:t' nEof] lgZrk|r+ ej]t\ ..@*..
OTo'STj}s]g e"df} lx lsl~rb'Tvlgt+ tbf .
k|fKtf]ŕlUg:tq ;fZro{+ e:du"9M ;'/lIftM ..@(..
tl:dGgUgf} s[t+ ;j{+ xjgflbsd'Qdd\ .
Olt t] s[ts[Tof lx hftf nId0fj+zhfM ..#)..
j}zfv k'lXg v'Xg' Nxfof] j+zof nvg yfkfof j+zh du/to\;+ cg;Ft'F s'nb]jtf
k"hf ofOu' rng b' . 5sM du/to\ k"hfof lgldQ] ld xo] NjMdg vlg . cn]
em;Ë h'ofM yMyM ;sn]F RjgfM ;Nnfx;fx'lt oft . 5Xd]l;g+ yy] wfn Ŗ æolb
nvg yfkf+ yg tk ofMu' vM;fnf yg kSsf gF ld bo\dfM .ÚÚ
y'ln vF wofM 5Xd dg'v+ aFo\ 5'F Xd'ofM :jn . a8f tfHh'au' syF cg e"ue{o\
v/fgL+ k'/]hofRj+u' ld ;'/lIft h'ofRj+u' vg . cgn] jx] ldO+ j]sMlk;+ xjg
cflb pQd sd{ ;DkGg ofgflbn . y'u'syF nvg yfkfofu' j+zh ;sn]F s[ts[To
h'oflbn .
nvGyfkf u'xf oq ttM ;f}Gbo{zflngL .
lxdfnoflblzv/}M zf]letf b[Zot] dxL ..#!..
u'u' yf;; nvg yfkfofu' u'kmf b', pu' yf;;F lxdfno cflb z}nlzv/ofu'
z[ª\snf+ ;'zf]let e"efu clt /d0fLo vg] b' .
uf]/vfdWos"6:yf u'xf of nf]sk"lhtf .
u'/f]uf{]/vgfy:o tkf]e"ldl/lt :d[tf ..#@..
uf]/vf dfemsf]6o\ RjFlk+ ;sn nf]sF k"lht u'? uf]/vgfyofu' u'u' u'kmf b', pu'
u'kmf j]sMofu' tkf]e"ld vM wsfM wfO .
kZo l;4u'xftM >Luf]/vfsflnsf+ lzjfd\ .
tq}j /fhk|f;fbf] b[Zot] ;'dgf]x/M ..##..
l;4 u'kmf+ sNof0fd"lt{ >Luf]/vsflnsfofu' dlGb/ vg] b' cjnf]sg ofgflb;F .
cg;F t'F a8f afFnfu' nfo\s' g vg] b' .
PtTkljq+ ;'dgf]x/+ :yn+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f rlr{td\ .
of] dfgjf] uR5lt >4oflGjtM
k|fKof]To;f} l;4z'eflzif+ s[tL ..#$..
Yj cToGt kljq Pj+ /d0fLo :yn l;4k'?if yfkf du/kfv]F rlr{t h"u' vM .
u'Xd dg'vF pu' :yno\ >4f tofM jg pXd efUojfg\ dg'iooft l;4 nvg
yfkfofu' z'e cfzLjf{b k|fKt h'O .
pRr}M l:yt}/fTdank|k"l/t}
h{g}o'{t+ /fi6«ldb+ a[xTsyd\ .
ej]lblt k|:km'l6tfŕq efjgf
uf]/Ifb]z:o dxLkt]x{[lb ..#%..
pRr yf;; Rjlglk+ cfTdan+ k"0f{ e/]h'ofRj+u' Yj b] uy] ljzfn h'Ou' h'O w}u'
efjgf uf]/vfof h'h'ofu' x[bo] Yjx] yf;; k|:km'6g h"u' vM .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] nvGyfkftLyf{6gŖ
l;4u'xfj0f{g+ gfd rt'yf{]ŕWofoM ..$..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k~rdf]ŕWofoM .
/fhf]jfr
b]JofZrl/tdfs0o{ e"of]ŕlk >f]t'd'T;'sM .
sLb[z+ rl/t+ b]Jof:tT;j{+ jb d] u'/f] Û ..!..
ls+ k|bf:olt eSt]EoM sfdbf eStjT;nf .
OTo]tT;j{dfVoft'+ Tjdx{l; ljbf+ j/ .
tbfs0o{}j d] zfGt+ eljiolt u'/f] dgM ..@..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ x] u'?b]j Û b]jL dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' rl/q >j0f ofgfM
lhtM j;kf]nofu' d]d]u' rl/qt Gog]u' pT;'stf h'n . dfO{ofu' rl/q uy] RjF
< bSj j[QfGt cf1f bo\sflaHofx'F . eQmoft k|]d ofgflaHofOXd dfO{ yXd
eQmhgoft 5' 5' laoflaHofO < ;sn 1fgLhgof laro\ 5Mlk+x] 5Xd ;j{>]i7
vM . ps]F lhtM j;kf]nofu' ofjt\ j[QfGt cf1f bo\sflaHofo\ dfn . cn] ltlg
lhu' dg zfGt h'O .
u'??jfr
;j{d]tb\ huT;[i6+ oofŕBfzlSt¿kof .
t:of eSTof hg}nf]{]s] olTsl~rblk nEot] ..#..
ob\ ob\ eSt}o{yfelSt k|fKt+ k"j{+ dxLkt] .
tlTsl~rR5«"otfdB ;+If]k]0f a|jLDoxd\ ..$..
u'?b]j+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ u'Xd cflbzlQm:j¿lk0fLF Yj ;f/f ;+;f/ ;[li6
ofgflaHoft, j;kf]nofu' elQmO nLg h'Oan] GXofu'g+ k|fKt ofo\kmO . x] /fhg\ Û
elQmcg';f/ eQmhglk;F k"j{sfno\ u'lng+ z'e nfe k|fKt ofu' vM, yfF} plsofu¦
ljifono\ 5'F eltrf GogflaHofx'F . cfM lhF ;+If]k+ 5'F eltrf sg] .
o] oyf df+ k|kBGt] tf+:ty}j ehfDoxd\ .
Olt s[i0f]g ;Dk|f]St+ k'/f eujtf oyf ..%..
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL tyf sfdk|bf g[k Û
o] oyf tf+ k|kBGt] huTqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..
tGdgMsfdgfb]Jof eSTofŕ;fWo+ g ls~rg ..^..
æu'Xd JolQm lhyfd\ u¦u'¿k+ jO, j+ jx] ¿k+ lhtM k|fKt ofOÚÚ wsfM uy] eujfg\
s[i0f+ k/fk¨j{sfno\ cf1f bo\sflaHofu' vM, pu' x] syFu' lqnf]sofu' lxt
ofo\u'lnO OR5's dfO{ofu' ;]jf, elQmefj ofOXd eQmhgoft kmn laoflaHofO
. dfO{ofu' elQm+ ;Dej dh'Ou' w}u' 5'F x] db' .
/fd;fxf] dxfGofoL /fhfŕe"t \ nf]sjT;nM ..
//If s[kof b]jL t+ e"k+ tTk|hfZr ;f ..&..
k[YjLkltd{xLkfnM ;fxj+z;d'b\ejM .
b]jLdlGb/lgdf{tf ;j{nf]s}M k|k"lhtM ..*..
/fd zfx a8f Gofojfg\ j k|hfhgoft k'qjt\ k|]d jfT;No k|bfg
ofgflaHofOXd h'h vM j;kf]n h'h' Pj+ k|hfhgof g dfO{+ s[kfk"j{s /Iff
ofgflaHofu' vM . zfxj+zo\ hGd] h'oflaHofXd k[YjLklt zfx h'h'+ dfO{ofu'
dlGb/ lgdf{0f ofgflaHofu' vM . j;kf]n ;f/f b'lgof+ cfb/ ofgftXd h'h' vM .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]kdM .
t]g Joj:yf k"hfy+{ dxtL ljlxtf lsn ..(..
gef]g]qfi6e";+Vo] -!*@)_ j}qmdfAb] dxLe'hf .
b]Jo} ;dlk{tf t]g a|Llxd"/LztåoL ..!)..
tb'Tkfbgkof{Kt+ hn3df{g's"lntd\ .
z]/fVod'j{/+ If]q+ jqmfËu|fd;+l:ytd\ ..!!..
;dlk{t+ t]g /f1f nf]sk"Ho]g wLdtf .
cIftfŖw"kŖbLkflbŖg}j]Bfy{ ;elStsd\ ..!@..
5fuf åfbz dlxifZr}sf]ŕe"t \ k|ltxfogd\ .
rt'df{0fldt+ wfGo+ skf]t]EoZr k|Toxd\ .
Piff Joj:yf e"k]g sfl/tfŕŕ;Lb \ dxfTdgf ..!#..
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx h'h' dfgf] k[YjLnf]so\ hGd] h'oflaHofXd gf/fo0f ;dfgXd
h'h' vM . j;kf]n+ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' k"hfof nflu wfTy]F x] tM w+u' Joj:yf
ofgflaHoft . ljqmd ;+jt\ !*@) ;fno\ h'h'+ @)) d'/L jf dfO{oft rw]
ofgflaHoft . pln x] jf pAhg ofo\t kof{Kt h"u' nM j lgefnF vMu' aqmfª
w}u' ufdo\ Rj+u' z]/f w}u' pj{/f e"ld nf]s+ cfb/ ofXd a'l4dfg\ j;kf]n h'h'+
dfO{oft ck{0f ofgflaHoft . elQm;fy cfv], w'kfFo\, OTffM g}j]B rw] ofo\t b]FbF;F
b'u' Xd !@, d]Xd ! j av'Fto\t lXglXgO gs]t KoDgf jf aLu' Joj:yf g
j;kf]n dxfTdf h'h'+ ofgflaHoft .
tGdgM sfdgfb]JofM s[kof k'0osd{0ff
t]g e"kltgf /fi6«lj:tf/f] ljlxt:tbf ..!$..
>LdgMsfdgfdft'M k"hfy+{ e"o Pj ;M
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] wfGod"l/sfi6zt+ bbf} ..!%..
y'hf]u' k'0osd{ ofgflaHofOXd h'h'+ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' s[kf+ ofgf M ha
;kmntf;fy /fi6«oft lj:tf/ ofgflaHoft, cn] dfO{ofu' k"hfof nflu
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxg+ *)) d'/L jf xfsg+ ck{0f ofgflaHoft .
b]JofM k|;fbtf] /f1f /fi6«d]sLs[t+ b[9d\ .
b]Jof Pj k|;fbfRr /fi6«+ ;+/lIft+ ;bf ..!^..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fi6«ldlt >'td\ .
PtGdgMsfdgfofM k|;fbfb]j ;Dejd\ ..!&..
k[YjLgf/fo0fM ;fxf] b]Jof eStf] dxfg\ g[kM
b]jLk|;fbftM sfo{+ sl7g~rflk ;f]ŕs/f]t \ ..!*..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' s[kf+ h¦h¦+ /fi6«oft dha"t ¿k+ PsLs/0f ofgflaHoft .
dfO{ofu' s'kf+ x] Yj /fi6« ;bf ;+/lIft g h'n . ljZjo\ 5u'hs lxGb"/fi6« wsfM
kl/lrt h'n . Yj km'SsF dfO{ofu' s[kf+ x] ;Dej h"u' vM . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx
dfO{ofu' k/d eQm h"u'lnF x] tMwXd h'h' h'n . dfO{ofu' x] s[kf+ j;kf]n+
/fi6«oft PsLs/0fofo\u' sl7g cleofg g ;DkGg ofgflaHoft .
eSTofTo'Ts6of o'Stf g/f cBflk lgZrod\ .
l;l4+ neGt] du/f] nvGyfkf oyf k'/f ..!(..
k/fk"j{ sfno\ nvg yfkf du/+ uy] l;l4 k|fKt ofgfbLu' vM, cy] x] dfO{ofu'
clt k/d elQm ofOlk;+ yf}+sXg] g lgZrog l;l4 k|fKt ofgfRj+u' b' .
Ptr\ 5'«t+ hg}M k"j+{ ob]sf] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
s[Tjf dft'M :t'lt+ ;Bf] elSto'St]g r]t;f ..@)..
l;l4+ nAWjf nvGyfkfu'xfofdfljj]z x .
ttM kmnflg rfbfo eSt]EoM k|bbf} d'bf ..@!..
5u' vF dg"to\;+ GogftMu' b' ls Ŗ Xgfkf 5Xd z'4 a|fXd0f+ clt elQmo'Qm lrQ+
dfO{ dgsfdgfofu' :t'lt ofgfM tTsfn l;l4 k|flKt oft . cn] nvg yfkfofu'
u'kmfo\;F b'xfF laHoft xF . cgFln j x] u'kmfF kmnkm"nt HjgfM no\oftfM ;sn
eQmhgo\t OgflaHoft xF .
k/+ b'/fzf b'isfdf neGt] b08d]j r .
ctf] j/+ ;d'lrt+ z'ed]j lx sfdo]t\ ..@@..
Ps]g uf]/vfb]z] b'le{If+ k|fly{t+ k'/f .
:ju[x:y+ obGg+ d] dxf3{+ tb\ ej]lblt ..@#..
Olt :jfy{k|]l/t]g nf]eflji6]g r]t;f .
k"hf r ljlxtf dft'?krf/}:t' k~rleM ..@$..
k/+ dftfŕejTq'm4f tfb[z] j/ofrs] .
;wfGo+ tb\u[x+ ;Bf] bUwdfsl:dsflUggf ..@%..
kZrfQfkft\ ; tf+ b]jL+ k|fy{ofdf; elSttM .
kfbof]/ktGdft'M Ifdfofrgof ttM ..@^..
t/ u'Xd dg'v+ b'i6tfk"0f{ cfzf j OR5f ofO j}t dfO{ofu' kfv]F cjZo b08
k|fKt h'O . Xgfkf 5Xd wgLXd dg'vF æuf]/vfo\ b'le{If -csfn_ h'OdfÚÚ wsfM
k|fy{gf oft . olb lhu' k|fy{gfd'tfljs h'n wf;f lhu' 5]Fo\ Rj+u' cGgt lys] h'O
. Yj jofu' OR5f vM . y'u'syFu' :jfy{+ k|]l/t tyf nf]e+ lnKt lrQ+ j wgLXd
dg'vF dfO{ofu' k~rf]krf/ k"hf oft . t/ dfO{ dgsfdgf y'hf]u' j/ ŔjFXd j
dg" vgfM q'm4 h'oflaHoft . pXd wgLofu' 5]F RjFu' wgwfGo bSj t'/Gt
clUgsf08 h'ofM ;vfk h'n . cGttf]uTjf j dg'v+ xfsgF dfO{ofu' r/0fo\ z/0f
jgfM k|fy{gf oft Ŗ æx] dftf Û lh+ ofgfu' Yj ck/fw s[kof Ifdf ofgflaHofx'F .ÚÚ
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM z[0f' ?Rof+ s[kfsyfd\ .
cf;Lb]sf] låh>]i7M ;j{zf:qljb'QdM ..@&..
ljk|]0ff]Wj{jo:o]j s[tf] bf/kl/u|xM .
efof{ rf]Wj{jof:t:o ae"j k'qsfª\lIf0fL ..@*..
;GtltM :ofGgj]lt åf} lrGtofdf;t'lZr/d\ .
>LdgM sfdgf tfEof+ b]jL ;Dk|fly{tf ;bf ..@(..
tof]e{STof k|;Ggf ;f b]jL+ tfEof+ bbf} ;'td\ ..
;'Gb/+ ;b\a'l4dGt+ :j:y+ r s'nbLksd\ ..#)..
låtLodlk ;Tk'q+ b]jL tfEof+ bbf} d'bf ..#!..
cy tf} bDktL dft'b{z{gfo ;k'qsf} .
uTjf eSTof dft'/Í] Go:tjGtfj'ef} ;'tf} ..#@..
tfEof+ lgj]lbt+ r}tb\ Ŗ ej2Qf} lx afnsf} .
/If0fLof} ejTo}j, jo+ t' z/0ffutfM ..##..
tyf k|;Ggf ;f b]jL //If r tof]M ;'tf} ..#$..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu¦ d]u' 5u' s[kfk"0f{u' /f]rs afvF 5TjfM GogflaHofx'F . 5Xd
le+Xd a|fXd0f b"u' h'n . j;kf]n cg]s zf:q :o"Xd h'ofRjg . j;kf]n+ cfkfn+
pd]/ lat]h'Ow¦+sfM ltlg Olxkf ofgflaHoft . j;kf]nof snfM g+ oSj pd]/ k'n]
w'+s'Xd vM . co\;fF sfo\ drf 5Xd a'Odf w}u' sfdgf b"u' h'ofRjg .
lgXdltk'ofs] ;Gtfg b}nf db}nf w}u' lrGtf g b"u' h'ofRjg . ps]F ljk|bDktL+
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' lgTo k|fy{gf ofgflaHoft . j;kf]nlklgu' elQm vgfM b]jL
k|;Gg h'ofM j;kf]nlkGt clt ;'Gb/, ;b\a'l4 b'Xd, :j:yXd, s'nbLk sfo\drf
5Xd laoflaHoft . dfO{ v'zL h'ofM xfsg+ d]Xd ;'zLnXd sfo\drfg
laoflaHoft .
cn] j;kf]nlk;+ lgXd sfo\drf HjgfM dfO{ofu' bz{g:kz{g ofgflaHoft . lgXd
sfo\drfoft dfO{ofu d'no\ tofM elQmkj̈{s lgj]bg ofgflaHoft Ŗ x] dftf Û Yj
lgXd d:t 5:kf]n+ laoflaHofu' vM . 5nkf]n+ x] Yj lgXd d:to\u' ;+/If0f
ofgflaHofo\dfn . lhlk+ km'Ss 5:kf]nofu' x] z/0fo\ jofRjgf . Yj k|fy{gf GogfM
dgsfdgf dfO{+ lgXd+ sfo\d:to\t ;+/If0f k|bfg ofgflaHoft xF .
ax'Eof] ax'zf] Xo]iff syf k"j{+ >'tf hg}M .
ljZjo'4] lx k|yd] låtLo] r}j ;}lgsfM ..
g}kfnf o] d[tf:t]iff+ d[To'gfDafŕltb'Mlvtf ..#$..
cfkn+ dg'vF, cfkn+ dg'vof kfv]F, cfkn+ k6s Yj vF Go+u' b' . k|yd tyf låtLo
ljZjo'4o\ u'lng+ g]kfMb]of ;}lgs of]4f t l;t, j d[To'+ dgsfdgf dfO{ cToGt
b'Mv tfoflaHoft .
e6}M sltko}M k"j{+ k|fy{gf;Lt\ s[tf g[k Û
t]iff+ /Iffef/e/fblDasf >flGtdGje"t\ ..#^..
:j]blSnGgfŕejb \ d"lt{j{:q}M ;Dk|f]l~5tf tbf .
k|TofuTo e6}M k"hf alnbfgo'tf s[tf ..
nf]sf hfglGt tt\ ;j{+ b]JofM kl/;/] l:ytfM ..#&..
x] /fhg\ Û u'lnv] l;kfxLto\;+ nf Xgfkf x] efsn ofgftMu' h'ofRjg . ps]F
;}lgsto\t /Iff ofo\dfu' Hofofu' ef/+ dfO{oft Tofg';] Rj+u' cg'ej g+ h'n xF .
dfO{ofu' d"lt{O rMltg jn xF . pu' avto\ sfkn+ rMlt x] x'Odfn . cn]
l;kfxLto\;+ aln;d]t laofM dfO{ofu' k"hf oft . dgsfdgfdlGb/ofu' ;dLk;
RjFlk+ bSjl;g+ cb\e'tu' Yj vF km'Ss :o" .
o+ o+ lrGtot] sfd+ t+ t+ k|fKgf]lt dfgjM .
k/df+ elStdfkGgf] b]VofM k|Lltk|;fbtM ..#*..
dfO{ofu' elQmO tNnLg JolQmto\;+ u'u' u'u' sfdgf ofO, pu' pu' x] ;sn
sfdgf dfO{ofu' lgufxg k|fKt h'O . cyf{t\ dg+t'gfu' 5' vM, pu' kfj] h'O .
dlGb/+ kl/tM z}n] j[Iffg\ k'ikfl0f rfg3fM .
;+jw{olGt r]t\ t] :o'M ;j{;f}efUozflngM ..#(..
dgsfdgf dlGb/ofu' ;dLk; 8fF8fsfF8fo\ -kj{t z[ª\vnfo\_ l;df, kmnkm"nofu'
l;;f kLlk+ tyf x's{] ofOlk+ le+lk+ dg"to\t x/ k|sf/u' efUo+ ;fy laO .
dlGb/+ kl/tM slZrt\ kfksd{ s/f]lt r]t\ .
y"Tsf/dnd"qflb b]Jof ; bl08tf] ej]t\ ..$)..
dfO{ofu' dlGb/of ;dLk;, pv]y'v] ;'gfg+ dnd"q Tofu ofo\u', O{kmfo\u' cflb
s'sd{ oft wf;f j JolQmoft dfO{+ b08 ;hfoF cjZo laoflaHofO .
Ps]g Psbf j[Iff] dlGb/:oflGts] l:ytM .
l5Gg:tbf l;Wd/f]uL ;f]ŕejt \ ;B Pj lx ..$!..
5sM 5Xd dg'v+ dlGb/of ;dLk; Rj+u' l;df 5df Wo+u' h'ofRjg . pXd
dg'voft t'/Gt x] kf08'/f]u+ -RofMyfnf]r+_ lyn xF .
s]jn+ dfgjf g}j kz'klIfd[ufBlk .
>LdgMsfdgf;Gg] j;lGt elStefjtM ..$@..
lj+zltjif{ko{Gt+ k|Tox+ sfsbDktL .
b[i6f} j[If] elSto'tf} b]JofZr/0f;]jsf} ..$#..
dg"t hs dv', kz', k+5L, rnf cflbg cg dfO{ofu elQm ofgfM Rjlg . 5u'
wfk' b', cv08 @) b'FtSs sf]xofu' hf]8L -efn]Ŗkf]yL_ x/]s lbg l;df Rjsfo\
RjgfM elQmefjk"j{s b]jLofu' r/0f ;]jf ofu' b¦ xF .
kfkfTdg] eujtL b08d]j k|oR5lt .
t:dfb\ eSTof ljz'4fTdf hgf] uR5]QblGtsd\ ..$$..
dgo\ kfk b'lk+ JolQmto\t eujtL dgsfdgf dfO{+ b08 x] laoflaHofO . ps]F
elQmefjk"j{s z'4 cfTdf b'lk+ JolQm hs eujtL dgsfdgf dfO{of ;kLk;
jg]dfM .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM o] g/f elStefljtfM .
t]iff+ ;Tsfdgf k"0ff{ eljiolt g ;+zoM ..$%..
>Ldgsfdgf dfO{ofu' elQm ofOlk+ u'lng+ eQmhgt b' pln x] eQmhgofu'
;lbR5f k"0f{ h'x] h'O . y's] 5'F zÍf db' .
dgf]ŕlesfdfGbbtL+ bofn'Ŗ
df/fWo b]jL+ hutf] ljwfqLd\ .
cnf}lssL+ zlStdjfKo k[YjLŖ
gf/fo0ff] /fHod'¿rsf/ ..$^..
td]jdGofglk zlSteStf
gf/fWo tf+ k"0f{dgf]ŕlenfiffg \ .
sfdk|bfqL+ hggL+ ;dRo{
/fi6«k+|lti7f+ jod'Ggo]d ..$&..
dgf]/y k"0f{ ofgflaHofXd, ;+;f/Ŗ;+/rgf ofgflaHofOXd, bofjtL, eujtL,
dfO{ofu' cf/fwgf+ cnf}lss zlQm k|fKt k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ yMu' /fHo lj:tf/
ofgfM ljzfn¿k laoflaHoft . h'h'oft tyf dfO{ofu' cf/fwgfåf/f yMu'
dgsfdgf k"/f ofOlk+ d]d]lk+ dfO{of eQmhgto\t ;Demgf ofgfM dgf]jf~5f k"0f{
ofgflaHofOXd dfO{ofu' k"hf ofgfM emL;+ g /fi6«ofu' k|lti7 cem pGgt ofo\ g'
.
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgfelStkmnj0f{g+ gfd k~rdf]ŕWofoM ..%..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ifi7f]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'t+ dof ejQf] lx b]JofZrl/td'Qdd\ .
tbrf{ljifo+ e"oM >f]t'ldR5lt d] dgM ..!..
Joj:yf sLb[zL b]JofM k"hfy{+ ljlxtf g[k}M .
k'/fe"t}h{g}e{St}M sy+ k"hf Xosfl/ j} ..@..
sy+ rfw'lgs}e{St}M k"Hot]ŕ:dfle/lDasf .
sy+ r ;f k"hgLof u'/f] ;j{+ a|jLt' d] ..#..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ 5nkf]nkfv]F lh+ dfO{ofu' pQdu' rl/q Gogf . cfM
lhu' dg dfO{ofu' k"hfofu' ljifon] Gog]u' nflu OR5's h'ofRj+u' b' . k'nfFk'nfFlk+
h'h'lk;+ dfO{oft k"hf ofo\u' nflu u'u'syFu' Joj:yf ofu' b"u' vM < Xgfkf
Xgfkfoflk+ eQmhglk;+ u'u'syFu' k"hf ofOu' vM < yf}FsXg] emL eQmhgto\;+
dfO{ofu' k"hf u'u'syF ofo\dfM < dfO{ofu' k"hf u'u'syF h'Odfu' vM < x] u'?b]j Û
lhtM km'Ss vF cf1f bo\sflaHofx'F .
u'??jfrfr
elSt/]j dxb\ j:t' eSTof ls+ gflwuDot] .
elStefjgof o'StM k'dfFNnf]s] dxLot] ..$..
u'?+ cf1f o\sflaHoft Ŗ bsl;a] tMw+u' ljifo, elQm x] vM . elQm+ 5'hs kfj]
dh'O < le+lk+ eQmhg nf nf]so\ x] k"hgLo h'O .
>j0f+ sLt{g+ b]JofM :d/0f+ kfb;]jgd\ .
cr{g+ jGbg+ bf:oefjdfTdlgj]bgd\ ..%..
kq+ k'ik+ kmn+ tf]o+ t:o} eSTof lgj]bo]t\ .
u[X0fflt hggL t'i6f :jfÍ] sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eSt+ lx tfb[z+ b]jL ;fg'sDk+ r /Iflt ..^..
dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' syf >j0f ofo\u', dfO{ofu' gfd ;+sLt{g ofo\u', dfO{oft
;bfF :d/0f ofo\u', dfO{ofu r/0f ;]jf ofo\u', dfO{ofu' ;dIfo\ cfTd;dk{0f
ofo\u' w}u' x] elQm vM . u'Xd dg'v+ elQmefjk"j{s dfO{oft kmnkm"n, kq, k'ik,
hn rw] ofO, Yj ;Dk"0f{ j:t'+ dfO{ ;Gt'i6 h'ofM yMu' d'no\;F u|x0f ofgflaHofO
. phf]lk+ eQmhgto\t dfO{+ s[kfkj̈{s ;'/Iff g k|bfg ofgflaHofO .
cxf]leg{jle:tq dxfeStf:t' s]rg .
k"hfdv08f+ s'j{lGt b]JofZr/0fof]M l>tfM ..&..
u'lnv] k/d eQmhgt nf u'Xg'tSs cv08 k"hf ofgfM dfO{ofu' r/0fo\ cf>o
sofM Rjlg .
>LdgMsfdgfb]jL+ eSTofr{olt k"hsM .
nvGyfkfs'nf]TkGgf] du/M k'?iff] j|tL ..*..
k"hfJojl:yltM k|fRof ljlzi6f r k/Dk/f .
k|Tox+ k"hs]g}j lgTok"hf ljwLot] ..(..
nvg yfkfofu' s'no\ hGd]h"Xd ljz'4 lgodo\ RjXd 5Xd du/ k'?if k'hf/L+
dfO{ dgsfdgfofu' elQmk¨j{s k"hf ofO . dfO{ofu' u'u' k"hfofu' Joj:yf b"u' vM,
pu' k'nfFu' k/Dk/f vM . Yj k/Dk/f ljlzi6 k|sf/u' vM . k'hf/L+ k|ltlbg
lgodk"j{s lgTok"hf ofO .
k|ftM sd{s/}M ;j{+ dlGb/+ kl/dfHo{t] .
k|IffNot] r z'4]g hn]g ;j{tM ;bf ..!)..
k|ftåf{/+ dlGb/:of]b\3f6Øt] ;Ktjfbg] .
s]jn+ k"hsf] d'Vof] b]jL+ k"hot] tbf ..!!..
k'ikfIft}w"{kbLkg}j]Bflble/r{gd\ .
s/f]lt k|Tox+ z'4f] d'VoM k"hs Pj ;M ..!@..
åf/+ lga4Ø ;f k"hf t]g}s]g ljwLot] ..!#..
bsn] XgfkfF ;'yo\ ;';f/]to\u'kfv]F b]uMof ;dLk; 5rflvnF ;'+r'lkr' ofo\u' Hof
h'O . lgTo ;'yo\ b]uMof 5rflvnF gLnv+ Rjo\s]u' Hof g+ h'O . ;'yl;of
XGoo\tfM On] b]uMofu' d"n'vf rfo\s]u' Hof h'O . t/ pu' On] dfO{of d"n k'hf/L+
hs k"hf ofgflbO . :jfF, hfls, w'kfFo\, OtfM, g}j]B cflb ck{0f ofgfM d"n k'hf/L+
x] k"hf ofgflbO . y'u'syF j]sn+ k"hf ofgflbOjn] d"n'vf ltgfM j]sM ofsMrf+hs
dfO{ofu' k"hf ofgflbO .
dlGb/fEoGt/] k"hf obf t]g ljwLot] .
;f k"hf uf]kgLo]lt ærfk"hfÚÚ XolewLot] ..
k'ikfIftf ljsLo{Gt] dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..!$..
ha j]sn+ b]uno\ b'g] b'xfF jgfM ofsMrfF dfO{ofu' u'u' k"hf ofgflbO pu' k"hf
uf]Ko h"u'ln+ ærfk"hfÚÚ wsfM wfO . cn] k'hf/L+ b]uMofu' kl/;/; hfls+, :jfFg+
k"hf ofgflbO .
ttf] dxfk|;fbf] lx k"hs]g ;dKo{t] .
b]JofM dxfk|;fb:t' ljz]ifM kl/sNKot] ..!%..
eujTofM k|;fbfo :ju[x] k"hs]g lx .
;'t08'n+ 3[tfSt+ r nj0f+ j];jf/sd\ ..!^..
Jo~hgflg ;d]To}j k"hs]g}j kRot] .
dxfk|;fbkrg] bjL{ g}j k|o'Hot] ..!&..
cgln j]sn+ dgsfdgf dfO{oft dxfk|;fb rw]ofgflbO . dfO{ofu' pu' dxfk|;fb
ljz]if lsl;dofu' h'O . pu' dxfk|;fb k'hf/Lofu' yMu' x] 5]F;F afFnfu', le+u'
hfls, £oM lr, xn' tyf t/sf/L km'Ss 5yfo\;F NofsM5ØfgfM k'hf/L+ x] bo\sflbO
. Yj dxfk|;fb bo\s]an] wuMkGo' k|of]u dof;]F t'F bo\sflbO .
k"hs:o u[xft\ :yfn] /fht] ljlgwfo lx .
cfR5fB /Stj:q]0f k|;fbf] gLot] g[k Û ..!*..
:k|i6Jof] g}j s]gflk b|i6Jof] g}j s]glrt\ .
z'4fR5'4tdf] b]Jo} k|;fbf] lx ;dKo{t] ..!(..
k'hf/Lofu' 5F]g+ pu' dxfk|;fb jxofu' e'O; tofM Xof+u' sfkn+ TjKk'ofM b]uno\
xO . pu' dxfk|;fb ;gfg+ lyOdHo', :jo\ g dHo' . y'u'syF z'4, dxfz'4u'
dxfk|;fb dfO{oft rw]ofO .
otf] b]JofM :yfksZr k|ydM k"hsf] g/M .
cf;LR5«LnId0f:yfkf nvGyfk]lt lj>'tM ..@)..
t]g b]JofM k"hs:t' tå+Zof] du/f] ej]b\ .
Olt Joj:yf k|frLgf g s}lZrblk ?Wot] ..@!..
Odf+ Joj:yf+ oM slZrGg s'of{t\ kl/jlt{tfd\ .
slZrTs/f]lt d"9Zr]b\ b]Jof b08Øtdf] ej]t\ ..@@..
dfO{of ;+:yfks Xgfkf+Xd k'hf/L nvg yfkf wsfM k|VoftXd nId0f yfkf
h"u'lnF dfO{of k'hf/L j]sMofu' j+zoflk+ du/vnM h'O . Yj k'nf+u' Joj:yf ;'gfg+
/f]s] ofo\dHo' . Yj Joj:yfoft ;'gfg+ kl/jt{g -lxn]u' Hof_ ofo\ dHo' . olb ;'+
d"v{+ dy'Os y's] kl/jt{g ofo\u' ljrfM oft wf;f dfO+{ j}t s7f]/ b08
laoflaHofOu' kSsfu' vF vM .
k'/f]lxtZr tqfŕ:t] cfq]of] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
d/x§flåhZr}j b]jLefujt+ k7]t\ ..@#..
Olt Joj:yf bf9Ø{]g /lIftfŕl:t ;gftgL .
lgaf{w¿k]0f r ;f Joj:yf Xog'kfNot] ..@$..
cgofXd k'/]t cfq]o a|fXd0f vM . d/x§f a|fXd0f+ wf;f b]jL efujt dxfk'/f0f
kf7 ofgflaHofO . y'hf]u' a8f] dha"tu' Joj:yf ;bfsfnFln;]F rn]h'ofM jofRj+u'
vM . j Joj:yf 5'F jfwflj£g tyf Jojwfg -/f]s_ dh'Ou'syF kl/kfng h'ofRjFu'
vM .
d'Vok"hsk"hfofM kZrfb]j lx k|Toxd\ .
k"holGt dxfb]jL+ eStf cGofM ;elStsfM ..@%..
w"k+ bLk+ kmn+ k'ik+ j:qfl0f r oy]R5of .
hgfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} eSTofk{olGt r ..@^..
d"n k'hf/L+ k"hf ofo\w+sfltlg eQmfn' eQmhglk;+ dfO{ofu' k"hf ofo\bO .
eQmhgto\;+ w'kfFo\, OtfM, kmnkm"n, g}jB, j:q cflb yMyMu' OR5fcg';f/
;f}efUoj:t' t -;dfHjnF_ g elQmk"j{s dgsfdgf dfO{oft ck{0f ofO .
5fus'Ss'6x+;fBf dlxiff aln¿ksfM .
oyfk|lt1+ bLoGt] b]Jof:t[KTo} hg}:;bf .. @&..
k|lt1ftf] alnM ls+ jf eSt+ k[R5lt k"hsM .
tbg';[To ;+sNkjrg+ tq k7Øt] ..@*..
b'u', vf, x]F, d] cflb efsncg';f/ alnofu' ¿ko\ v'zL;fy dfO{oft t[lKtof
nflu eQmhgto\;+ ck{0f ofO . aln laOan] æefsn vM ls dv'ÚÚ wsfM k'hf/L+
Golg . cn] jx]cg';f/ ;+sNk jfSo k'hf/LF AjgflbO .
;dk{olGt s]lrQ' eStfM k~r anLg\ z'efg\ .
s'Ss'6R5fudlxifx+;d]ifflbsfg\ kz"g\ ..@(..
k"hf ljlzi6f ejlt tl:dg\ sfn] tblx{sf .
k~r}t] anoM qm]t'+ zSoGt] dlGb/flGts] ..#)..
u'ln+ eQmhglk;+ nf vf, b'u', d], x]F tyf km} y'ln gfkF tofM æz'e k~ralnÚÚ
k"hf Gofo\ls . y'u'syFu' k~raln h'Oan] alnofu' x] nflu ljz]if syFu'
k"hfljlw h'O . k~ralnt b]uMofu' kl/;/; GofgfM sfo\km" . 5]Flg;]F o+sfRjg] Djf
.
kzf]lx{ aln¿k:o lz/f] u[X0fflt k"hsM .
g]jf/hflteSt]EoM lz/Zr k|ltbLot] ..#!..
k/Dk/f ot:t]iff+ lz/;f] df+;eIf0fd\ .
k/+ tby{+ t}M lsl~rb\ wg+ b]o+ eljiolt ..#@..
clgof{To wg+ zLif{+ lnK;'/fklQdfKg'oft\ .
tyf s[Tjf hgM slZrb\ d[t Pj]lt >"ot] ..##..
alnbfg ofu' kz'ofu' 5Øf]F k'hf/Lofu' h'O . g]jfMeQmhglkGt wf;f 5Øf]F lnt x]
laO . 5fo\ wf;f k/Dk/fg';f/ k~raln ofMlk;+ afFxfofu' 5Øf]Foft k|;fbofu'
¿ko\ g]jfM;dfho\ pu' 5Øf]F go\u' rng b' . t/ y'u'syF 5Øf]F gfk+ lnt
Ao"u'afkto\ g]jfM eQmhglk+;+ k'hf/Loft 5'F Wojf aLx]dfM . olb b:t'/ Wojf
dAo";] sfn wf;f j dg'voft kSsf g cfkt\Ŗljkt\ k/]h'O . yy] ofXd 5Xd
dg" nf tTsfn l;t w}u' g Gog]b' .
bft+' o] g}j jf~5lGt b]Jo} kz'aln+ hgfM .
s"idf08+ jf gfl/s]nkmn+ t] Tjk{olGt lx ..#$..
u'Xd eQmhg+ dfO{oft kz'aln laOu' OR5f ofOdv', pXd eQmhg+ e'o' kml;,
g+Sof UjM cflboft alnofu' ¿ko\ ck{0f ofO .
w"kbLkflbg}j]Bj:qk'ikkmnflg r .
eStfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} bblt e"kt] Û
s]lrR5«4fnjf] eStf wlgsfM zlStzflngM .
b]Jo} ;'j0f{/hte"if0ffGok{olGt r ..#%..
eQmhglk;+ w'kfFo\, OtfM, sfkM, kmn, :jfF tyf ;dfHjnFt g dfO{oft ck{0f ofO
. t/ u'ln+ eQmhglk;+ u'Xd eQmhg wgL tyf zlQmdfg\ v M phf]lk+
eQmhglk;+ nf dfO{oft n'F jxofu' lt;ft g ck{0f ofO .
k|ft/f/Eo k"hf t' ;fo+ko{Gtd]j lx .
lg/Gt/+ k|rnlt eStafx'Nosf/0fft\ ..#^..
k"hflj/fdM ;GWofof+ zÎ+ k|Wdfo ;"Rot] .
w"kbLkflbleM k"hf k"hs]g ;dfKot] ..#&..
;dfKtfof+ ;drf{of+ tbf åf/+ lgaWot] ..#*..
;'yFlg;]+ z'? h"u' k"hf ;GofOn]tSs rn]h'ofRjlg . 5fo\wf;f cg eQmhgto\u'
x"n nu]h'ofRjlg . ;GofOn] kfv] k"hf ;dfKt h"u' vF zª\vofu' Wjlg+ ;"rgf
laO . k'hf/L+ w'kfFo\, OtfM RofsfM cf/tL ofgfM k"hf ;Dk"0f{ ofO . ha k"hfljlw
l;wO cn] b]uMofu' d"n'vf g aGb h'O .
;fodf/flqs] sfo{] kl/tM ;xeflugM .
>4of elStdGtf] lx hgf cfoflGt dlGb/] ..#(..
k|HHjnøo jlt{sf:t] b]Jof cf/flqs+ z'ed\ .
s'j{lGt z'4dg;M ;fo+sfn] ;dflxtfM ..$)..
;GofOn]ofu' cf/tL ofOan] b]jLofu' b]uMof ;dLk; b'lk+ >4fn' eQmhg ;sn]+
cf/tLO ;xefuL h'ofM Ajlt sfO . le+u' afFnfu' kljq lrQ b'lk+ ;sn]+
eQmhglk+ ;GofOn] cg d'gfM e'gfM yMyMg dt laofM dfO{ofu' cf/tL ofO .
s]lrb\ bLk+ HjfnolGt ;elSt+ nIfjlt{sfd\ .
;'w"kk'ikj:qflbkmnwfGofIft}o'{td\ ..$!..
u'ln+ eQmhglk;+ elQmefjk"j{s w'kfFo\, OtfM, kmnkm"n, :jfF, sfkM jf hfls cflb
5fofM ;jfnfv OtfM g Rofls .
OTy+ lx k|Tox+ k"hf b]Jof eSt}lj{wLot] .
k/+ k"hf ljz]if]0f zgf} ef}d] r jf;/] ..$@..
y'u'syF eQmhglk;F lXglXgO k"hf ofO . t/ zlgjf/ d dËnjf/ v'Xg'ofu' k"hf
ljz]if syFu' h'O .
ci6Dof+ jf gjDof+ jf rt'b{Zofdyflk jf .
k"hfljz]iftf]ŕDafofM lqmot] tq dlGb/] ..$#..
ci6dL, gjdL j rt'b{zL v'Xg' g cg b]uno\ dfO{ofu' ljz]if syFu' k"hfljlw
h'O .
k"hf >fj0f;+qmfGTof+ ;ljz]iff ljwLot] .
;fodf/flqs+ tl:dg\ lbg] r}j oyfljlw ..$$..
tTkZrfb\ tl2g] tqf]Nd'sk"hf ljwLot] .
sf08f/s:o k"hf lx nf]s] ejlt tl2g] ..$%..
;fjg d}Xgfofu' ;FXn' v'Xg' g ljz]if k"hf h'O . ;GofOn]ofu' cf/tL pv'Xg' g
;flas x] h'O . t/ pu' cf/tL w+'sf lnkf …/fFsf] k"hfÚ g h'O . hg;d'bfoof
laro\ wf;f pv'Xg' sf08f/sk"hf -rf;'s} lg/fs/0f ofOu' k"hf_ h'O .
>fj0f] dfl; g hg}a{lnbfg+ ljwLot] .
tyf rflZjgdf;:o s[i0fkIf] sbflk gf] .
otf]ŕ;f} lkt[kIff] lx lkt[>f4fo slNktM ..$^..
;fjg d}gfo\ dfO{ofu' dlGb/o\ aln laOdv' . cy]x]tF' cflZjg d}gfofu' s[i0fkIfo\
g aln laOdv' . 5fo\wf;f Yj kIfo\ lkt[to\u' >f4 sd{ h'Ou' wsfM lkt[kIfoft
dfg]ofgftMu' vM .
PsfbZof+ tyf bz{] lzj/fqf} ty}j r .
alnbfg+ dxfb]Jo} tq g}j ljwLot] ..$&..
cg PsfbzL, cf}F;L tyf lznfrx|] v'Xg' dfO{oft alnbfg laOdv' .
PsfbzL Xofdfjf:of lbgåoldtf obf .
tbf låtLo+ lbj;+ jfo{t] tq k"hg] ..$*..
PsfbzL cyjf cf}F;L lgXg' Sog wf;fM GXoy'v'Xg'oft TjMlt . GXoy'v'Xg'of
GXojf]u' lbgo\ alnbfg ofOdv' . sXg] v'Xg'ltlg alnsd{ h'O .
lgTo+ ljwLot] of t' lgTok"h]lt sYot] .
tyf kj{;' of k"hf ;f ljlzi6]lt dGot] ..$(..
lXglXgO ofOu' k"hf u'u' vM ps]oft lgTok"hf wfO . cy]x]t'F kj{kj{o\ h'Ou'
k"hfoft ljz]if kj{k"hf wfO .
ci6dLk~rdLkj{k"hf tq ljwLot] .
rt'b{zLkf}0f{df:of]M ;+qmfGTof+ ;k/Dk/fd\ .
Ptfb[s\ kj{k¨hfy{+ Joj:Yffŕl:t s[tf g[k}M ..%)..
ci6dL, k+rdL v'Xg' kj{k"hf h'O . rx]\, k'lXg j ;FXn' v'Xg'g k/Dk/fcg';f/
kj{k"hf h'O . y'hf]u' syFu' ljz]if k"hfof nflu k'nfFlk+ h'h'lk;+ tofys'u' u'7L b'
.
rft'df{:o]if' k'0o]if' b]jLefujt+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/k|fË0f] k'0o] lgTo+ k7lt a|fXd0fM ..%!..
x/ ;fn rt'df{;klQsF dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dlGb/ofu' k|fË0fo\ d/x§f a|fXd0f+
b]jLefujt dxfk'/f0f kf7 ofgflaHofO .
z/Tsfn] dxfk"hf gj/fqf} ljwLot] .
dlxifR5fux+;fgf+ alnbfg}lj{z]iftM ..%@..
uf]/vf/fhu[xtM k"hf;fdUo|dKo{t] .
rt'ZztfAbk|frLgf XoljlR5Ggf k/Dk/f ..%#..
df]xgLan] gj/flqe/ dfO{ofu' dxfk"hf ofO . d], b'u', x]F cflbofu' alnbfg laofM
ljz]if k"hf h'O . uf]/vfof nfo\s'ln+ k"hfofu' dfSj xnFHjnF xofM dfO{oft ck{0f
ofO . Ko;M bF k'nf+u' Yj k/Dk/f yf}FtSsg cv08x] ltlg .
Pj+ ljz]ifk"hfŕlk r}qz'Snfi6dLltyf} .
dlxifR5fux+;flbalnbfg}lj{wLot] ..%$..
y'u'syF x] r}q d}gfofu' z'SnkIfofu' ci6dL ltly v'Xg'g d], b'u', xF] cflbofu'
aln laofM ljz]if syFu' k"hf h'O .
k|ltjif{+ dfu{s[i0fk~rDof+ uf]li7k~rdL .
ljVoftf of kj{d]nf tq}jfof]Hot] z'ef .
uf]i7L;+:yfg]g d]nf ;f tqfof]Hot] tbf ..%%..
b]Fb;F d+l;/ d}gfofu' s[i0fkIfofu' k~rdL v'Xg' u'7Lk~rdL wsfM k|l;4 h"u' u'u'
z'e kj{d]nf nu]h'Ou' vM, j km'SsF u'7L;+:yfgF cg cfof]hgf ofOu' vM .
jif{aGwgk"hf t' lzi6}af{}4k'/f]lxt}M .
sflGtk'of{M lå/fuTo lqmot] k|ltxfogd\ ..%^..
pmh{z'Snrt'b{Zof cf/Eo jif{aGwgd\ .
ofjGdfu{zLif{z'Snk~rdL+ lqmot]ŕx{0ff ..%&..
j}zfvz'SnkIf]ŕlk låtLo+ jif{aGwgd \ .
rt'{b{ZofM ;df/Eo Ho]i7s[i0ffi6dLk/d\ ..%*..
OTy+ ;dx{0f+ b]JofM lqmot] jif{aGwgd\ ..%(..
d]u' 5u' ljz]if k"hf b', u'u' k"hfoft a';fwF wsfM wfO . y'u' k"hf o]F b];+ lgsM
cg jofM ljlzi6 af}4 k'/f]lxt -u'efh'_ lk;+ ofgflaHofO . 5u' a';fwF sflt{s
z'Sn rt'b{zL v'Xg' z'? ofgfM dfu{z'Sn k~rdLtSs ofO . d]u' a';fwF j}zfv
z'Sn rt'b{zL v'Xg' z'? ofgfM Ho]i7s[i0f ci6dLtSs Yj k"hf ofO . y'u'syF
dfO{ofu' a';fwF ofO .
/fhf]jfr
ljwLot] sy+ k"hf b]Jof af}4}u'{efh'leM .
s]jn+ lxGbjM k"hf+ s'j{GtLlt dof >'td\ ..^)..
k/+ /x:od]t:o ;j{+ jb låhf]Qd .
>j0f]g ljgf Tjq lj/fd+ g}j d] dgM .
k|fKgf]lt t:dfb\ x] ljåg\ jb d] lj:t[tf+ syfd\ ..^!..
h'h'+ ljlGt ofgflaHoft Ŗ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' k"hf u'efh' efh'lk;+ u'u'syF
ofgflaHofOu' vM < lxGb"to\;+ hs k"hf ofO w}u' vF lh+ Gogftofu' b' . t/ x]
a|fXd0f >]i7 u'?b]j Û lhtM Yj af}4to\u' k"hfofu' /x:o bSj sgflaHofx'F . Yj
ljifono\ jf:tljs vF dGo;]F lhu' lrQ+ lj>fd ofOdv't . ps]F x] ljåfg\ u'?b]j
Û lj:t[t ¿k+ y'lsofu' vF cf1f ofgflaHofx'F .
u'??jfr
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]ŕhlg .
g]kfn/fi6«:kmLtLs[b\ b]Jof eStf] ljrIf0fM ..^@..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ g]kfMb]oft lj:tf/ ofgfM ljzfn ofgflaHofXd h'h'
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx k[YjLtno\ dfgf] gf/fo0fof ¿ko\ hGd sflaHoft . j;kf]n
dfO{ofu' eQmhs dv' a'l4dfg\Xd g vM .
obf sflGtk'/L t]g ljlhtfŕ;LGdxfTdgf .
k"hf Go"gfŕg'e"tfŕe"b \ b]Jof tT;]gof r x ..^#..
u'an] j;kf]n dxfTdf h'h'+ o]F b] TofsflaHoft, pan] dgsfdgf dfO{ j
;}lgslk;+gfk+ yMu' k"hf sd h"u' cg'ej ofgflaHoft .
lhtf sflGtk'/L tq o'4+ g}jfejb\ ax' .
sflGtk'/L zflGtk'/L hftf t:o kl/u|xft\ ..^$..
g}sf] hgf]ŕejB'4] sflGtk'of{+ xtfxtM .
s'df/L :jfut+ rqm] 6Lsf+ bTjf lx e"e[t] ..^%..
b]Jof andt[Kt+ ;g\ ttif{ ?lw/+ ax' ..^^..
oF] b] Tofsn . pu' o'4o\ cfkfM n8fO{F dh' . j;kf]n+ o]F b] sAhf ofgflaHofo\
w'+sfM sflGtk'/L zflGtk¦/Lof ¿ko\ kl/0ft h'n . Yj o]F b]ofu' o'4o\ 5Xd JolQmg+
xtfxt dh' . s'df/L+ l;XgM ltsflaHofgfM h'h' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxoft :jfut
ofgflaHoft . ps]F b]jLof an -;}lgs_ ct[Kt h"u'ln+ cfkfM lxTjg]t t[lift
h'oflaHofu' vM .
cg]sfM 36gf hftf dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..
If'Awf hgf d"lR5{tfZr klttfM v]bdfl:ytfM ..^&..
hgf uTjf ttf] e"k+ 36gf+ tf+ Goj]bog\ .
g[kZr lj1fg\ k'?iffg\ tflGqsfglk k[i6jfg\ ..^*..
lsd]tb\ jf sy+ hftf 36gf tq tfb[zL <
syÍf/+ t"krf/+ lqmot] tb\ jbGt' gM ..^(..
cgln dfO{ofu' b]uMof kl/;/o\ yLyL rdTsf/k"0f{ 36gft h'OTog . dg"t em:s]
h'Ou', d"R5f{ h'Ou', If'Aw h'Ou' yMyM NjfOu', Tjn]h'ofRjlgu' cflb 36gft h'n .
cn] hgtf+ h'h'of ;dLk; jgfM pko'{Qm 36gfof ljifon] lgj]bg ofjg . h'h'+g
;M:o"lk+, tflGqs cflb ;snl;s] GogflaHoft Ŗ æYj 5' h"u' vM < cg y'u'syFu'
36gf 5fo\ h'n < sf/0f 5' vM < 5' ofo\ dfn < 5'oft wf;f zfGt h'O <
pkrf/ sgflaHofx'F .ÚÚ
af}4}u'{efh'le3f{]/}:tflGqs}lj{lgj]lbtd\ .
b]Jof ljz]ifk"hf lx st{Jof jif{aGwgf ..&)..
tflGqs If]qo\ gfhflk+ af}4dfuL{ u'?h'lk;+ h'h'oft lgj]bg ofgflaHoft ls Ŗ æx]
dxf/fh Û dfO{ofu' a';fwF w}u' jflif{s k"hf ofgflaHofo\ dfn .ÚÚ
ttf] g[kf] bbfjf1f+ tfg\ ljlzi6fg\ k'/f]lxtfg\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hf+ st'{+ oyfljlw ..&!..
OTy+ e"ldkt]/f1f+ k|fKo tflGqsk"hsfM .
uf]/vf+ sflGtk'/tf] utfM k"hfk|of]hgfM ..&@..
cgln h'h'+ j;kf]n ljzli6 k'/f]lxtju{oft tTsfn dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' ljlwk"j{s
k"hf ofo\t cfb]z laoflaHoft . h'h'ofu' cfb]z k|fKt ofgfM o]F b]z+ tflGqs
k'/f]lxtju{ dfO{ofu' k"hfsd{ ofo\t uf]/vfo\ laHoft .
cf;Lb]s:tflGqs:t' ;j{l;l4;dfo'tM .
b]JofM k"hgsfo{+ ; hfgflt eSt;QdM ..&#..
k"hog\ ; dxfb]jL+ d'08dfnflje"liftfd\ .
pTkfB dfg;+ dTo{+ alnbfg+ ; rfs/f]t\ ..&$..
k/Dk/futf jftf{ >"ot]ŕBflk tfb[zL .
k/+ ttf] g/alng{}j b]Jo} k|bLot] ..&%..
5Xd tflGqs nf ;sn l;l4 b'Xd h'ofRjg . eQmhgdWo] ;jf{]Qd j;kf]n
dfO{ofu' k"hfljlw afFnfSs :o"Xd h'ofRjg . d'08dfnf+ lje"lift dxfb]jL
dfO{ofu' k"hf ofofF j;kf]n+ dfg; dg'io pTkGg ofgfM alnbfg g ofgflaHoft
. phf]u' k/Dk/fut vF cftSsg Gog] blg . cg+lnkf wf;f dfO{oft g/aln
laOu' Hofdh"lg .
ttM ;df/Eo k"hf lqmot] jif{aGwgf .
j}zfv] sflt{s] af}4}lå{jf/+ k|ltxfogd\ ..&^..
zfGtf dgMsfdgf ;f jif{aGwgk"hof ..&&..
pan]lg;]F af}4dfuL{ u'?h'ju{kfv]F j}zfv j sflt{s d}gfo\ b]FbF;F lgsf] jif{aGwg
-a';fwF_ k"hf ofOu'h'n . y'u'sy'Fu' jif{aGwgk"hf+ dgsfdgf dfO{ zfGt
h'oflaHoft .
Pj+ af}4f:tyf zfStfM k|Tox+ k"holGt tfd\ .
dft/+ zflGtbf+ zlSt+ ;j{sf?0o¿lk0fLd\ ..&*..
y'u'syF af}4 tyf zfSt eQmhglk;+ lXglXgO zflGtbflogL tyf s?0ffd"lt{ dfO{
dgsfdgfofu¦ k"hf ofO .
o] kzf]a{lnbfg+ t' st'{+ g]R5lGt ;flTjsfM .
gfl/s]nkmn+ b]Jo} rfk{olGt ;dx{0f] ..&(..
u'Xd+ ;flŒjs eQmhg+ kz'aln laOu' OR5f ofOdv¦, phflkF eQm+ dfO{oft
alnof ¿ko\ g+SofUjM ck{0f ofgf lbO .
Pj+ k|ltlbg+ dft'j{if{ko{Gtd]j lx ..
g}kfn}ef{/tLo}Zr eSt}M k"hf ljwLot] ..*)..
y'u'syF blR5tSs lXglXgO g]kfMld, cn] ef/tLo eQmhgt ånFåM elQmefjk"j{s
dfO{ofu' k"hf ofo\t dfO{ofu' dlGb/o\ emfO .
wlggf] ax'd"Noe"if0f}/wgfM kqhnk|;"gs}M .
dxolGt ;elSt dft/+ ;db[i6ØflDasof ;'/lIftfM ..*!..
alnleM ;d'kf;t] slt kmnk'ik}M ;d'kf;t]ŕk/] .
;db[u\ hggL ;'tfg\ ;dfg\ j/bfg]g s[tfy{oToxf] ..*@..
dft[:j¿lk0fL dfO{ofu' k"hf ofOan] wgjfg\lk;+ elQmk'j{s d"Nojfg\ lt;ft
ck{0f ofgfM, cy]t'F u/Ljju{lk;+ wf;f …kq+ k'ik +Ú ofgfM k"hf ofgflbO . t/ j]sMlk+
bSjl;tF dfO{ dgsfdgf b]jL+ ;dfgb[li6 toflaHofO . j/bfg laofM s[tfy{
ofgflaHofO . ;+/If0f g ofgflaHofO .
u'lnl;g+ aln laofM, u'lnl;g+ kmnkm"n ck{0f ofgfM dft[:j¿lk0fL dfO{ofu' k"hf,
pkf;gf ofgflbO . ;db[li6 b'Xd dfO{+ wf;f ;sn eQmhgoft dfFg+ yMXd
sfo\d:to\t ;dfg Jojxf/ ofy]tF' j/bfg laof s[tfy{ ofgflaHofO .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] k"hfj0f{g+
gfd ifi7f]ŕWofoM ..^..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ;Ktdf]ŕWofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/+ ;'dgf]x/d\ .
:tDe}M ;'sfi7}n{lnt}l/i6sflelQleb[{9d\ ..!..
;'j0f{åf/kmns+ :j0f{lnKtR5b+ z'ed\ .
dlGb/+ kl/tf] 306fM b[ZoGt] tq zf]letfM ..@..
s]g wdf{Tdgf ;j{] t] tq :yflktf u'/f] Û
ejtM >f]t'ldR5fld kljqjbgfDa'hft\ ..#..
h'h'+ k|Zg offlaHoft Ŗ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dlGb/ le+u' hftofu l;+ ag]h"u'
afFafFnfu' yfF, le+u' afFnfu' aNnfu' cKkf+ dha"t cËM, nLg+ l;oftMu' kf} tyf
n'Fofu' vfkf+ ofgfM cToGt dgf]x/ vg]b' . cem b]uno\ 5rflvn+ uFt b"u'ln+ofgfM
b]uM zf]efodfg vg]b' . x] u'?b]j Û ;' wdf{Tdf+ cg y'hf]u' j:t't tofys'u' vM <
5nkf]nofu' kljq d'vf/ljGb+ Yj vF Gog]u' OR5f b' .
u'??jfr
ob\ b]Jof dlGb/+ b[i6+ /fhg\ ;j{}h{g}M ;bf .
tTk|frLgtd+ ¿k+ nId0f]g ljlgld{td\ .
k/d]0f t' l;4]g du/]0f dxfTdgf ..$..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ x] /fhg\ Û dfO{ofu' u'u' dlGb/ ;bfFlg;]F ;sn
eQmhglk;+ vgfM Rj+u' b', pu' b]uMofu' clt k'nf+u'+ :j¿k l;4 dxfTdf nId0f
yfkf du/kfv]+ lgdf{0f h"u' vM .
k/+ k[YjLktL /fhf dxfTdf wfld{sM ;'wLM .
zf]eg+ dlGb/+ tq ;b\eSTof lg/dLot ..%..
k/Gt' dxfTdf, wfld{s tyf ljåfg\ h"u'ln+ h'h' k[YjLklt zfx+ pu' yf;;
;b\elQmk"j{s zf]efodfg dlGb/ bo\sflaHoft .
dlGb/] åf/d]s+ ob\ b[Zot] :j0f{dl08td\ .
z"/jL/]0f jL/]0f /fgfj+Zo]g lgld{td\ ..
t:o tqflen]vZr /fht] ?lr/f]ŕw'gf ..^..
b]uno\ u'u' nFofu' 5u' vfkf vg] b"u' b', pu' vfkf /fgfs'nofXd gfhfXd 5Xd
z"/jL/ w}Xd du/+ bo\s'u' vM . cg j]sMofu' 5u' clen]v cftSsg+ bx] blg .
uf]vf{Vo] gu/] g[k:o ;ljw] h}/fh/fgfŕejt \ .
tTk'qf] g[j/f] g[k]Gb;|lrjM >Lj+;'/fgf Xoe"t\ ..
tTk'qM ;d/]if' vl08tk/M ;+u|fdz"/M ;bf
bftf eft[snqk'q;lxtM >Lz"/jL/f]ŕhlg ..&..
e|ft[leM s[i0fjL/fB}M ;lxtM ;fDk|t+ o'jf .
;'j0f{lgld{t+ åf/+ :yflkt+ b]jtfu|tM ..*..
j]bg]qd'lge"o'tzfs] r}qs[i0fz'eifli7o't]ŕAb] .
rGb|jf/;lxt] z'esfn] :yflkt+ sgsåf/db\e'td\ .(.
uf]/vf w}u' zx/o\ h'h'of ;fyo\ h}/fh /fgf 5Xd b' . j]sMof sfo\ j+;' /fgf
h'h'of dGqL h'n . j]sM clt leXd JolQm vM . j]sMof sfo\ ;+u|fdo\ xd]zf
zq'oft rsgfr"/ ofOXd z"/jL/ hGd]h'n . j]sM bfgLXd JolQm vM . j]sMof
lshf, sfo\, snf;sn]+ b' . zs ;+jt\ !&@$ ;fno\ r}qs[i0f ifi7L ltly
;f]djf/of z'e lbg v'Xg' s[i0fjL/ cflb lshflk+ gfk+ hfgfM j]sM o'js+ n'Fofu'
cb\e'tu' Wjfsf BMofu' XGog];+ :yfkgf ofgflbn .
dlGb/fu|] tyf l;+xf] b]Jof cb\e'tjfxgM .
uËfaxfb"/jL/flk{tf] jj{lt{ tq lx .
oyf t:oflen]vf]ŕlk kl7t'+ zSot] hg}M ..!)..
cy] t'F dfO{ofu' b]uMof GXof]g] dfO{of jfxg cb\e'tXd l;+x b' . cg jL/
hËaxfb'/ /f0ffF ck{0f ofgftMu' j l;+x zf]efodfg h'ofRj+u' b' . cg;+
hËaxfb'/ofu' clen]v Ajg] km' . uy] ls Ŗ
æ>Ldb\uËfaxfb"/ Olt ;'s[ltgf rLkms0f{]ngfDgf .
df;]ŕl:dg\ j}qmdfAb] /;j;'gje";+ldt] rflZjg]ŕ4f .
k|LTo} l;+xf] Goj]lb lqhult lx dgMsfdg] t] dofŕo+
eSt+ bLg+ j/]K;+' r/0fz/0fu+ kflx dft/\ gd:t] ..!!..
rLkm\ s0f{]n egL a8f eut >LuËfaxfb"/n]
p08}:;f} / 5ofl; ;+jtdxfF ck{0f\ u/]+ elStn] ..
x] dftf dgsfdgf xh'/sf l;+x} r/0f\df /xf];\ .
j/\ OR5ful/ eSt 5" r/0fdf /Iff ;bf ug'{xf];\ ..!@..
;lGt aXJo:tq 306fZrflk{tfM ax'leh{g}M .
p§lÍtflg gfdflg b[ZoGt] 3l06sf;' r ..!#..
cg cg]s eQmhglk;+ ck{0f ofgftMu' uFt g b' . ;fyo\ eQmhgto\u' gf+g pu'
uFno\ :ki6 pNn]v h'of Rj+u' vg] b' .
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kf] 306f+ /Dofdltli7kt\ .
:yfgfkGgfŕl:t efUgfof 306fof:t:o e"kt]M ..!$..
h'h' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ 5u¦M afFnfu' uF :yfkgf ofgflaHofu' b' . t/ j;kf]n+
rw]ofgflaHofu' uF tHofu'lnF plsofu' ;§fo\ k'gM lgdf{0f h"u' Xg"u' uF yf}FsXg]g
cg b' .
OTy+ r >"ot] k[YjLgf/fo0fdxLkltM .
dxf/f¡ffM s0f{kfz:j0f{+ ;Dd]No uh'{/d\ ..!%..
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/:o R5b]ŕs/f]t \ .
sLb[Zof;LGg' tb\elStb]{Jof Olt k|tLot] ..
sLb[s\ r t:o ;fkmNo+ b]Jof j/k|;fbtM ..!^..
Yj vFg Gog] b' ls Ŗ h'h' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ nfgLofu' GXofo\kFofu' n'Fofu'
lt;ftgfk+ ldn]ofgfM dfO{ofu' b]uno\ klnFlrgfM n'Fofu¦ uh"g 5foflaHofu' b' .
y's]F h'h' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof dfO{ofu' pk/\o u'u'syFu' elQmefj b' w}u' vF ;Lb'
. ;fyo\ j;kf]noft dfO{ofu' lgufxn+ u'u'syFu' ;kmntf k|fKt h'n w}u'g ;Lb' .
/fhf]jfr
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof b"/] eSt}M ;'k"lhtd\ .
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ >"ot] lj6k}j{[td\ ..!&..
>f]t'ldR5fld dfxfTDo+ t:o lnË:o ef] u'/f] .
a|"lx tt\ s[kof ljåg\ df+ ;j{+ ;j{ljQd ..!*..
h'h'+ k|Zg ofgflaHoft Ŗ dgsfdgf dfO{ofu' dlGb/+ 5'F erf tfkfSs,
eQmhglk;+ afFnfSs k"hf ofgftMXd, jqm]Zj/ w}u' lzjlnË l;dfto\u'
laro\nfSs b' w}u' vF Gogfu' b' . x] u'?b]j Û lhtM pu' lzjlnËofu' dfxfTDo
Gog]u' OR5f b' . ;Dk"0f{ ljifono\ lj1hgto\u' laro\ 5 M lk+ ;j{>]i7 vM . ps]F
x] ljåfg\ Û Yj ljifono\ ofjt\ vF lhtM cf1f bo\sflaHofx'F .
u??jfr
;fw' k[i6+ dxf/fh Û elSto'St]g r]t;f .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËljifo] ejtfŕw'gf ..
a|jLDox+ tb\ljifo] ejGt+ elStefljtd\ .. !(..
u'?+ cf1f bo\sflaHoft Ŗ x] /fhg\ Û elQmefjo'Qm lrQ+ jqm]Zj/ dxflnËofu'
ljifono\ k|Zg ofgflaHoft . Yj afFnfu' vF vM . 5nkf]n elQmefj b'Xd JolQm
hu'ln+ ps]of ljifono\ lh+ 5nkf]noft 5F¦ sg] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof pQ/:of+ lblz l:yt] .
qmf]zb"/]ŕl:t g[kt] Xo'Rr}M kj{td:ts] ..@)..
jqm]Zj/dxflnË+ lznf¿k]0f rf]lTytd\ .
lznf:j¿kf tq}j l:ytf jqm]Zj/L z'ef ..@!..
jqm]Zj/fVofŕl:t z'ef gfltb"/l:ytf b/L .
Psf] of]uL lgj;t] tq lgToflUg;]jsM ..@@..
x] /fhg\ Û dfO{ofu' b]uMof pQ/kfv] cToGt dgf]x/ z}nlzv/o\, 5u' sf];
tfkfSs jqm]Zj/ dxfBMofu' dxflnË lznf:j¿k h'ofM lj/fhdfg h'oflaHofu' b'
. cg;F lzjlnËof gfk;Ft'F lznf:j¿k jqm]Zj/L dxfb]jLg b' . cg ;dLk;F
b]kfkfv] 5'F eltrf jg]ano\ jqm]Zj/ u'kmf jO . cg 5Xd hf]uL lgTo w'lg
hu]ofgf M RjlgXd b' .
nId0ffo bbf} l;l4+ u'?uf]/If OTolk .
>"ot] t]g tT:yfg+ k"Ho+ l;l4o't+ dtd\ ..@#..
cjfu\ olx{ ej]b\ afnf] ax'sfndlk :jtM .
jqm]Zjof{ bz{g]g jfrfnf] ejlt :km'6d\ .. @$..
Yj x] yf;; nvg yfkfoft u'? uf]/vgfy+ l;l4 laoflaHofu' vM w}u' cg'>'lt b'
. ps]F pu' yfo\ k"Ho tyf l;l4o'Qm wfOu' h'ofRj+u' vM . olb ;'F d:t ofsgF vF
dXnft wf;f jqm]Zj/L dxfb]jLofu' bz{g ofs]an] pXd drf+ vF XnfO .
efb|z'Snt[tLofof+ d]nf ejlt zf]egf .
k"hf+ s'j{lGt dlxnfM kfj{tLk/d]Zj/f} ..@%..
cg efb|z'Sn t[tLof v'Xg' eJo¿k+ d]nf nu]h'O . ld:to\;+ lzjkfj{tLofu' k"hf
ofO .
lzj/fqf} r ;b\eStf:tqTofM ;j{hftoM .
jqm]Zj/dxflnËdr{lGt hfu/j|tfM ..@^..
lzj/flqofu' kj{o\g bSj hftoflk+ :yfgLo ;b\eQmhglk+ /fto\ hfu/fd RjgfM
jqm]Zj/ dxflnËofu' k"hf ofO .
jqm]Zj/+ gfd lzjf]?lnËs+ l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f k"lhtd\ .
k|k"Ho eStf] net] ;'t+ wg+ ljBf+ ozM ;j{hg}/eLlK;td\ ..@&..
Xgfkf jqm]Zj/ dxfBMofu' lzjlnË l;4 nvg yfkf du/+ k"hf ofgftMu' vM .
pu' lzjlnËofu' k"hf oftwf;f eQmhglk;+ sfo\, wg, ljBf tyf dgf]/y -
dgf]jf~5f_ sLlt{ g+ k|fKt ofo\ kmO .
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfkl/;/j0f{g+
gfd ;Ktdf]ŕWofoM ..&..
ç
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgf:tf]qd\ ..
zdolt s?0ff t] sf/0f+ sf/0ffgfd\
eujlt ejtfkfb]lt eQmZr d'lQmd\ .
b[u'lbtdw'/fefŖefhg+ ;+ljwft'+
kbgtlz/;+ df+ dft/Lzflg kZo ..!..
hult dl0fl/jfef›fd;fxJoj:yf
ljnl;tgog'Gg+ oRr uf]/If/fi6«d\ .
ljljwa'wjrf]lej{l0f{t+ /fd/fHo+
Xo'kldtdlk t]g TjTs[k}jfq x]t'M ..@..
Obdhlg ;'/fi6«+ TjTs[kfof lgbfgf
bljtdljty+ t] :g]xk"0f}{M s6fIf}M .
ljsl;tdlk e"oft\ TjTs[kftf] ejflg
jodlk ;jo:of hfu[ofdfŕq /fi6«] ..#..
joldx gokfnfM :df]ŕlvnf:TjQg"hfŖ
Zr/0fz/0fuf:t] k|fy{gf ;f}dg:ofM ..
Ot/ljlxt/fi6«e|i6sfo{ lgxTo
ljt/ anddf]3+ /fi6«lgdf{0fo1] ..$..
hult ob'knAw+ ef] dgMsfdg]ŕDa
tblvnddn:t]ŕg'u|x:o}j kfsM .
k|0fdlt r/0ff} t] afnsf] elQmk"0f{
:Tjdt'ndltzQmL d] k|bft'+ bo:j ..%..
Olt >Lho/fhfrfo{s[t+
dgMsfdgf:tf]q+ ;dfKtd\ ..
>LdgMsfdgfdfxfTDod\
>Lho/fhfrfo{lj/lrtd\
@)%& ;fn
ljifo;"rL
cWofo ! uf]/vfk|b]zj0f{gd\
cWofo @ dgMsfdgf]TklQj0f{gd\
cWofo # dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{gd\
cWofo $ nvGykftLyf{6gl;4u'xfj0f{gd\
cWofo % dgMsfdgfelQmkmnj0f{gd\
cWofo ^ dgMsfdgfk"hfj0f{gd\
cWofo & dgMsfdgfkl/;j0f{gd\
kl/lzi6d\ dgMsfdgf:tf]qd\
ç
>Lu0f]zfo gdM ..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k|ydf]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
of dgMsfdgfb]jL t:of dfxfTDod'Qdd\ .
>f]t'sfdf]˜l:d d] ;j{+ ;]ltxf;+ u'/f] jb .. ! ..
u'??jfr
dxfef/tjif{:o dWo] e'jgk"lht] .
cfof{jt{M k'0oe"ldd{Wo+ ljGWolxdfnof]M .. @ ..
cfof{jt{:of]Q/:of+ lblz eflt lxdfrnM .
t:of˜l:t blIf0f] rfÍ] /fi6+« g]kfn;+1sd \ ..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fHoldlt >'td\ .. #..
g]kfn/fi6«dWo:yf] uf]/vf jL/d08n M .
Gofok|bfg] :jftGœo] rf˜:t] Voftf] dxLtn] .. $ ..
lqz"nLsd{bfdWo] gfgflzvl/lej[{tM .
;j[4u08sLgfgflgDgufleZr ;]ljtM .. %..
lxds"6fb\ ljlgu{To blIf0f] k|jxlGt ofM .
gB:tfM k'0oe"ld+ tf+ l;~rlGt k|f~hn}h{n}M ..^..
uf]/vfVof] hgkbf] b|Jo;fx;'zfl;tM .
uf]ljk|of] /IfsTjfb\ wd{/If pbL/LtM ..&..
b|Jokf}qf] /fd;fxf] /fd/fHoljwfosM .
Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uR5]b\ uf]/vfldToVofkot\ ..*..
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] hftf] uf]/Ife"klto{bf .
k[YJof+ gf/fo0f]g}j hGd k|fKtldjfejt\ ..(..
lxGb"/fi6«dljR5]B+ ljZjljQ+ ljlwT;'gf .
t]g e"nf]skfn]g g]kfnf] ljk'nLs[t M ..!)..
åflj+zltrt'lj{zTofboM snxlk|ofM .
;j{]˜Ko]s}szf] e"kf lglh{tfM s/bLs[tfM ..!!..
g]kfn/fi6«lgdf{0f] sf/0f+ uf]/vf˜ejt \ .
ttM k|l;4f] e'jg] uf]/vfzAb OTo;f} .. !@..
P]ltxfl;s;Gb[i6Øf dxTj+ t:o jt{t] .
ljljwfleM ;+:s[ltle:tå}lzi6\o+ dxLot] .. !#..
;jf{;f+ ;+:s[tLgf~r ;+xlt:t:o df}lnsd\ .
/fli6«o+ rl/t+, o]g g]kfnrl/t+ s[td\ .. !$..
u'j{Ëf du/f ljk|f g]jf/fM IflqofM k|hfM .
rft'j{0o{+ ;dfkGgfM lghwd{k/fo0ffM ..!%..
k|s[ltM zf]egf tq w/0fL z:ozflngL .
hgfZr jLo{j}bUWof Gofo:jftGœokf]ifsfM ..!^..
lxds"6fT;df/Eo dxLw|]if' hn]if' r .
lgj;lGt ;'/f:tq uf]/vf/If0f] /tfM ..!&..
pQ/:of+ b'Uws'08:tLy{/fhf] lj/fht] .
>fj0of+ kf}0f{df:of+ lx eStfgfsif{og\ ax"g\ ..!*..
uf]/vf/fhwfGof+ lx u'?uf]/IfuXj/d\ .
sflnsfdlGb/+ rf:t] /fhk|f;fb;lGgwf} ..!(..
lj/fht] kj{t:o lzv/] ;j{sfdbf .
>LdgMsfdgf dftf ;j{nf]sk|k"lhtf ..@)..
sˆofsgflDg s"6]˜l:t l>tf] du/hfltleM .
of] dgMsfdgf;+1f] u|fdf] u|fd]if' ;f]˜lu|dM ..@!..
lbZo'Qdlu/]:t:o k"j{:of+ j[4u08sL .
blIf0f:of+ lqz"nL r jxt] k|otf ;l/t\ ..@@..
klZrdfof++ b/f}+bLlt Voftf wdf{jtL gbL .
d:of{ª\bL sd{bf tq ;dfoflt lxdfnofb\ ..@#..
o] å] gBf} ;dfuTo g}C{Tof+ lblz ;+ut] .
t] dgMsfdgfkfbf} IffnoGTofljj l:yt] ..@$..
gB:tfM k'0o;lnnf lxdkj{tlgM;[tfM .
tf;f+ ;+ud pQfnM k'0ofTk'0ot/M :d[tM .. @%..
d'lUngfVo] k|b]z] tfM ;l/tM ;d'kfutfM .
k|jxlGt tt:tLy{+ b]j3§+ k|lt b|'td\ ..@^..
of dgMsfdgf t:of dlGb/fbltzf]egf .
b[Zot] Xo'Q/fzfof+ lxdkj{tz[Înf ..@&..
jg/flhg{bL z:oZofdnf r j;'Gw/f .
ntf cgf]sxfZr}j b[ZoGt] kmnk'ikbfM ..@*..
cDaf–gf/Ë–/DefnL–kg;fd|kmnflg r .
b]JofM k|;fb¿k]0f k|fKoGt] tq ;j{bf ..@(..
af}4}M l;Sv}Zr lxGb"leM zfSt}M z}j}/xlg{zd\ .
;f dgMsfdgf dftf lgTodf:t] k|k"lhtf ..#)..
OTydEolr{tf nf]s}df{tf sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eStfgfdeofo}j /fht] /fi6«/l~hgL ..#!..
k|o'tfblws+ eStfM k|ltjif{+ tbx{0ffd\ .
s'j{lGt alnbfg]g k'ikdfnfkmn}/lk ..#@..
5fuf cg]sf x+;fZr s'Ss'6f dlxiff:tyf .
cKo{Gt] aln¿k]0f b]Jof:t[KTo} g[leM ;bf ..##..
s]lrt\ ;dk{oGtLx skf]tf} hLljtfjlk .
gfl/s]nkmn+ s]lrt\ tQ[KTo} aln¿ktM ..#$..
o:t' k"hot] eSTof b]jL+ lzv/jfl;gLd\ .
tf+ dgMsfdgf+ ; :ofb\ wgwfGo;'tflGjtM ..#%..
ej]H1fgL /fhdfGof] dltdfg\ zlStdf+:tyf .
lgTo+ lg/fdoM zfGtM k|;Ggf] nf]sxif{sM ..#^..
oM k7]t\ >4of b]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
;f]˜lk If]ddgfKgf]lt dft'/]j k|;fbtM ..#&..
o:t' k':tsk"hf~r s/f]lt >4of ;bf ..
; dgMsfdgfb]Jof ej]t\ lk|ot/f] g/M ..#*..
of] dgMsfdgfof lx dfxfTDodltb'Nn{ed\ .
k|bf:olt r eSt]EoM ; ej]b\ /lIft:tof ..#(..
of] dgMsfdgfb]JofM k7]t\ :tf]q+ r k|Toxd\ .
; t]h:jL ej]b\ jL/f] /fhg]tf hglk|oM ..$)..
k|lt;fo+ k7]b\ o:t' :jhg}M kl/jfl/tM .
cWofod]sdw{ jf Znf]sfg\ sltkofg't ..$!..
t:d} ;f}efUodIf'00f+ ;'v+ ;DklQd]j r .
>LdgMsfdgf b]jL k|oR5lt g ;+zoM ..$@..
;b\ledf{GoM lzjs/tg'M zÍ/:ofjtf/f]
uf]/Iff] of] ljgolt hgfn\F nf]s/Iffk|j[QM .
;j{]Eof] gf]˜lenliftbbf+ tf+ dgMsfdgf r
uf}/L+ zZjHhglxts/LdLZj/Ldfx'/fKtfM ..$#..
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
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>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy låtLof]˜WofoM ..
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>f]t'+ dgM sfdot] t:ofZrf]TklQsf/0fd\ ..!..
u'??jfr
of b]jL ;[li6¿kf ;f huTqolxt}lif0fL .
;j{q zlSt¿k]0f dft[¿k]0f r l:ytf ..@..
g]kfn/fi6«/Iffy{+ k|fb'e{"tf lx tq ;f .
tGdgMsfdgfof:Tj+ eStf] eljt'dx{l; ..#..
c:o /fi6«:o aLh+ t' ;[i6]/fbf} lx z"lngf .
pKtdf;Llbb+ /fi6«+ :ju{t'No+ ljlwT;'gf ..$..
b|Jo;fxflewf] jL/M ;'zLnM Iflqoif{eM .
nDh'Ë/fhk'qf]˜;fjf;LGGofok|jw{sM ..%..
sfnLeStf hgfM ;j{] uf]/vfjfl;g:tbf .
Goføo+, ;'/fi6«+, :jftGœodEoniog\ ;'/f Oj ..^..
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t]˜>[0jg\ gfd b|Jo:o ;fx;+ w}o{d]j r .
tt:tblGts+ uTjf uf]/vfg[kt]M kb] .
t+ :yfklot'ldR5Gtf] t]˜a|'jg \ Iffqk"?ifd\ ..&..
uf]/vfhfgkbf pmr'M
u'j{Ëf du/fM Iffqf a|fXd0ffu|f jo+ k|hfM .
;'zf;g+ :yfkloTjf ;Gtf]if+ b]lx gf] a'w ..*..
c:dlGgj]bg+ >'Tjf TjdfuR5 g[kf] ej .
Gofo:jtGqtfwf/] /fHo+ ;~rfno k|ef] ..(..
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ljgf ;dfgtf+ Gofo+ k|fKg'jlGt k|hfM syd\ < ..!)..
;dfgtf s]jn+ lx e|fqf]d{Wo] ej]lGdyM .
ttf] hfgkbfg\ e|ft[g\ dTjf Tj+ zf;g+ s'? ..!!..
jo+ s'zf;sfb]j kLl8tflZr/sfntM .
;'zf;g+ TjdfuTo b]lx gM Iflqoif{e ..!@..
u'??jfr
OTy+ lgj]lbtf] nf]s}uf]{/vfjfl;lea'{w}M .
b|Jo;fxf]˜udb \ /fhk|f;fb+ tq ;+l:ytd\ ..!#..
uTjf˜k;fo{ ls+e"k+ /fhl;+xf;g]˜j;t\ .
uf]/vfjfl;g:t:dft\ ;'zf;gdjfKg'jg\ ..!$..
kfnloTjf ax"gAbfg\ k|hfM k'qflgjf}/;fg\ .
:ju{+ k|oftM ;f}/fHo+ bTjf k'qfo wLdt] ..!%..
b|Jo;fx:o k'q:t' k"0f{;fxM ;'zf;sM.
OGb|t'Nof]˜ejQ:dft\ k'/Gb/ Olt :d[tM ..!^..
t:o k'qZ5q;fxf] Ho]i7f]˜Nkfo'a{e"j x .
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fhf /fd;df]˜ejt \ ..!&..
t:o GofoJoj:yf lx nf]s] ljVofltdfutf .
/fd/fHo+ uf/vfof+ :yflkt+ t]g lgZrod\ ..!*..
olb ljBf ljn'Ktf :oft\ sfZof+ uR5Gt' dfgjfM ..
olb Gofof] ljn'KtZr]b\ uf]/vf+ ofGt' dfgjfM ..
Olt k|l;4f nf]sf]StL /fd;fxk|zf;gft\ ..!(..
/fhf]jfr
sy+ >L/fd;fx]g Gofozf;gd'Qdd\ .
bQ+ r sLb[zL zlSt:t:d} k|fKtf˜ejt \ syd\ .
Olt d] ;j{dfVoft'dx{l; Tj+ a'wf]Qd ..@)..
u'??jfr
/fd;fx:o dlxifL ;j{nIf0f;+o'tf .
nLnfjtLlt lj1ftf gfDgf;Lb\ dlxdfjtL ..@!..
;}j /f1L rGb|d'vLTolk nf]s}M :d[tf˜ejt \ ..
cg]s}gf{dle1f{tf ;f˜e"t \ ls+ t:o sf/0fd\ .
;j{+ /fh]Gb| jIoflk ;fjwfgtof z[0f' ..@@..
dxfsfnL dxfnIdL dxfk"Hof ;/:jtL .
nLnfjtLz/L/] lx lti7lGt :d dxLkt] Û
t:dfb\ /f1L nf]sdftf ax'legf{dleM :d[tf ..@#..
/fd;fx;efofGt' b]Jo'kl:yltsf/0fft\ .
k|fKg'jg\ ;snf nf]sf Gofo+ lrQk|xif{sd\ ..@$..
/fd;fx;ef nf]s}M :d[tf b]j;e]lt x .
tqf;g\ b]jb]jf+zfM ;GtM l;4fZr ;fwjM ..@%..
o] ;GtM ;fwjM l;4f e[z+ Gofok|jw{sfM .
Gofof]˜e"t\ :jfy{/lxt:tfb[zf+ ;d'kl:yt]M ..@^..
k/+ g /f1L+ /fhf˜lk hfgLt] zlSt¿lk0fLd \ .
;fIff2]jL+ /fhu[x] j;GtL+ k/d]Zj/Ld\ ..@&..
s]jn+ nId0ff] yfkf h1f} l;l4an]g ;M .
uf]/Ifgfys[kof o]g l;l4M ;dfutf ..@*..
dxfb]jL dxfsfnL uf]/vf/If0f] /tf .
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o dgMk'qLlt lj>'tf ..@(..
u'?uf]{/vgfyZr uf]/Iffj|ltg+ g[kd\ .
lzIfog\ Gofosfo{] lx /Iflt :d k|hfM ;'vd\ ..#)..
/fhf]jfr
sf]˜o+ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkf˜;Lb \ /fhjNneM .
sy+ r t]g ;+l;l4M k|fKtf s:dft\ dxfu'/f]M ..#!..
u'??jfr
cf;Lt\ l;4f] nId0ffVo:yfkfj+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfk]lt ljVoftf] b]jLeStf] hglk|oM ..#@..
u'/f]uf]{/vgfy:o s[kof l;l4dfKtjfg\ .
1fglj1fgjfg\ ljåfg\ ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..##..
Nxfof]j+Zof] nvGyfkf /fd;fx;xfosM .
du/f] /fd/fHo]˜e"t \ nId0ff] /fdeStsM ..#$..
/f1L ;Ltf;df b]jL nId0f+ /fd;]jsd\ .
k|LTof :jeSt+ hfgLt] l;l4o'St+ ;'dlGq0fd\ ..#%..
jL/f Gofolk|ofM >]i7f uf]/vfjfl;gf] hgfM .
OGy+ ;'v]g lbj;fg\ ofkolGt lg/fkbM ..#^..
g tqf;Lg\ dxfdf/L b'le{If+ g}j r >'td\ .
:jwd{] lgotf nf]sf /f1f ;+/lIftfM ;bf ..#&..
k/+ sfn]g lsotf /fd;fxf] dxLkltM .
:juf{/f]x0fdfrqm] /f1L tdg'ufldgL ..#*..
wdf{jTofM sd{bfofM ;+ud] If]q;Qd] .
/fd;fx:o b]x:o lrtflUgbxg+ s[td\ ..#(..
k|ljzGtL+ lrtfof+ tf+ :jb]xHjngf]Btfd\ .
/f1L+ nLnfjtL+ b[i6\jf nId0ff] JonkQbf ..$)..
b]JofZ5fof+ ljgf ;j{] Xogfyf uf]/vfhgfM .
eljiofdf] dft[xLgf j/fsf afnsf Oj ..$!..
ljnkGt+ nvGyfkf+ b[i6\jf ;f eStjT;nf .
hufb]Ty+ dxfeSt+ l;4+ t+ ;+lztj|td\ ..$@..
yfkf, df ?lblx Tj+ t' eStf]˜l; dd jT;nM ..
k|fb'e"{tf eljiofld gfltb"/] u[xft\ tj ..$#..
OTo'STjf tTIf0f] b]Jof :jb]xbxg+ s[td\ .
u[x+ oftf] nvGyfkf b]jLeStf] dxfd'lgM ..$$..
lsoTsfn]g tb\u|fd] s]gf˜lk xnsif{0fd \ .
s[t+ tq}j ;Ltfofdj?4+ xn+ Xoe"t\ ..$%..
k|:t/] rfj?4+ tb\ obf lgisflzt+ xnd\ .
tbf k|:t/dWofQ' ;';|fj ?lw/+ ax' ..$^..
b]JofM k|sl6t+ ¿k+ lj1fo nId0ff] d'lgM .
;j{]iff+ k|fKo ;fxføo+ lg/dfb\ dlGb/+ If0fft\ ..$&..
ttf] dgMsfdgf ;f eStfgf+ sfdbf˜ejt \ ..$*..
cy eStf] dxft]hf nvGyfkf:t' ;]jsM .
; dgMsfdgfb]JofM k"hsf]˜e"t \ :jo+ a'wM ..$(..
/fhf]jfr
k/+ dof >'t+ k"j{ ob\ eStf] nId0fM ;'wLM .
b]jL+ k|fk"hot\ l;4M :jLo] u|fd] ;b}j lx ..%)..
u'??jfr
oR5«'t+ ejtf /fhg\ ;To+ tT;j{d]j lx .
b]JofM k"hf+ ;b}jf;fjs/f]NnId0fM ;'wLM ..%!..
k"j{+ lx dWos"6:yf dxfsfnL hufb td\ .
;fxj+z:o /fhf :ofb|fi6«}sLs/0ff]BtM ..%@..
t:o ;fkmNo;Dk|fKTo} b]jLdf/fwo lk|o .
:ju|fd] TjQkMk"t] sˆofs] z'egfds] ..%#..
Tjbf/fwg;Gt'i6f ;j{zlSt:j¿lk0fL .
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL t:d} l;l4+ k|bf:olt ..%$..
>'Tjf tb\ jrg+ b]Jof d'vfbd[t;+o'td\ .
cfuTo nId0f:yfkf k"hf+ b]JofZrsf/ r .. %%..
k|Tox+ elStefjfStM l;4M ; du/f] d'lgM .
k"hf+ b]Jof lx k|LToy{+ s/f]lt :d tbf1of ..%^..
ck"hob\ oq b]jL+ eStf]˜;f} nId0ff] d'lgM .
lznf+ b]jL:j¿kf+ tf+ tq}jf:yfkot\ l:y/fd\ ..%&..
dGqljb\ ljlwljb\ lj1M l;4f] 1fgL k|;Ggx[t\ .
nvGyfkf ;'lj1ftM ;j{nf]s;dfb[tM ..%*..
cfhLjg+ dxfb]JofM k"hf+ s[Tjf z'lrj|tM .
lgZrqmfd ; jfw{So] tLyf{6gdltd{'lgM ..%(..
sfzLk|ofus]bf//fd]zab/LZj/fM .
b[i6fM ;j{] dxfkL7f nId0f]g tkl:jgf ..^)..
Olt tLyf{lg ;jf{l0f e|ldTjf nId0fM ;'wLM .
k'gM :ju|fddfuTo :jb]x+ lj;;h{ r ..^!..
o] dgM sfdgfb]Jof elSto'Stf:t' dfgjfM .
k"0ff{lenliftf:t] :o' gf{q sfof{ ljrf/0ff ..^@..
Psflk nf]sfle?rfjg]sf:tg"M :jeStfg';[tf w/GtL .
nLnfjtL nId0f;+l>tf ;f d"Tof{ dgMsfdgof˜jtfb\ gM ..^#..
uf]/Ifgfyfb'knAwl;l4 nL{nfjtLjT;ntfdxl4{M .
hulGgoGqLldx g]boGgf]˜g'u|fxsf] nId0f cfb [tf]˜:t' ..^$..
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgf]TklQgf{d låtLof]˜WofoM ..@..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy t[tLof]˜WofoM ..
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of dgMsfdgf t:of pTklQljifo] >'td\ .
u'?jo{ k'gM >f]t'dLx] dlGb/j0f{gd\ ..!..
eujTofM ;'Gb/+ tb\ dlGb/+ s]g lgld{td\ .
dlGb/] b]jtfM sfZr lti7lGt b]Jo'kl:ytfM ..@..
;j+{ ;lj:t/+ >f]t'd'Tsdl:t dgf] dd .
s[kof ef] låh>]i7 Û jSt'dx{l; ;Dk|lt ..#..
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k"j{d]j dof k|f]St+ /fd;fxdxLkt]M .
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k|fb'e"{tf k'gM ;}j e"Tjf sfdk|bf˜q lx .
sf/0f+ >"dtf+ o]g tq b]jL ;d'b\utf ..%..
k|lt/fq+ ;d'Tyfo lgzLy] zogft\ ;tL .
/f1L lgu{To k|f;fbfbfsfz] tq lti7lt ..^..
oq b]j;ef t:of clk dWo] lj/fht] .
Olt k|fUnId0ff]Stf]˜lk JowflTsl~rGg e"kltM .
nAWjf k|;fb+ b]JofM ; k|zfl:t :d k|hf d'bf ..&..
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sˆofsgfds] u|fd] Nxfof]j+Zof] dxfd'lgM .
nvGyfkf lti7lt :d /fd;fx;xfosM ..(..
lgzLlyGof+ oyfk"j{+ /f1L tqf˜Kob[Zot .
tb]o]if g[kf] 1ft'+ tb|x:o+ k|oTgtM ..!)..
/f1L eujtL¿kf b[i6f lgh{/;+;lb .
ttf] d'bf dxLkfn:t"i0fLsM zlot+' oof} ..!!..
k|ftj{Gbgsdf{y{+ /f1L /fhfgdfutf .
/fhf t' jlGbt'+ kfbf} b]Jo} gfbft\ k|zlÍtM ..!@..
ca|jLb\ e"kltb]{jL+ oQb|fqf} bbz{ ;M .
tR5|'Tjf jrg+ b]jL e"kd"r] ;'b'Mlvtf ..!#..
b]Jo'jfr
olb ljZjf;xLgf] df+ gfb|IoM ;'/;+;lb .
celjioZrqmjtL{ k/+ tGg lx ;Dej]t\ ..!$..
Tjb\j+zhf] lx /fHo:o lj:tf/f]˜:o sl/iolt .
s]jn+ lx ;'/fh]lt ljVoft:Tj+ eljiol; ..!%..
u'??jfr
Olt Jofx[To ;f b]jL tq}jfGt/wLot .
>'Tjf eujtLjf0fL+ JoifLbb\ e"l/ e"kltM ..!^..
cb\e'tf 36gf Xo]iff 3l6tf tq k|fË0f] .
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM dlGb/+ oq ljBt] ..!&..
ttM k|fs6Ødfoftf lznf¿k]0f rflDasf .
;f lznf dWoefu]˜B dlGb/:ofl:t k"lhtf ..!*..
dlGb/+ /fd;fx:o /fHosfn] ljlgld{td\ .
;+:sfl/t+ r tTk'q/fHosfn] tyf k'gM ..!(..
b|JofTdhf] dof]Stf] oM k"0f{;fxM k'/Gb/M .
tTk'qZ5q;fxf]˜e"HHo]i7f]˜Nkfo'lb{j+utM ..@).
slgi7f] /fd;fx:t' /fdt'Nof] g[kf]˜ejt \ .
t:o k'qf] 8Da/f]˜lk of]UoM k'qf] aef} lkt'M ..@!..
tTk'qM s[i0f;fxf]˜e"b \ ?b|:tTk'q Pj r .
k[YjLklt/e"b|fhf wfld{sf] nf]sk"lhtM ..@@..
t]g :jzf;g] /f1f b]Jof dlGb/d'Qdd\ .
s[t+ dgMsfdgfofM k|LTo} tq ;'zf]egd\ ..@#..
obB dlGb/+ rfl:t t:o}j d"nlju|xM .
k[YjLkltlIftLz]g lgld{tf]˜e"b \ dxfTdgf ..@$..
lgld{ltj{t{dfg:o dlGb/:o tbf˜ejt \ .
e"of] e"of] dxLkfn}M ;+:s[t+ r :jzf;g] ..@%..
;f dgMsfdgfb]jL >4o}j+ ;dlr{tf .
Ptfb[zL /If0fLof ejtf˜lk k/Dk/f ..@^..
sf b]jtf:tq j;lGt dlGb/]
b]Jof dgMsfdgof ;x}j ofM .
gfdflg tf;f+ dlxdfgdr{g]
tyf k|;fb:o r j0f{g+ z[0f' ..@&..
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL ;b}j l;+xjflxgL .
obf tq l:ytf /fhg\ eStfgf+ sfdbf˜ejt \ ..@*..
tbf b]jfZr lglvnf:tqfuTo k|t'i6'j'M .
dft/+ tf+ hu4fqL+ nf]sqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..@(..
u0f]zM k|yd+ k|fKo l:ytf] d"ifsjfxgM .
dft'/Í] oyf afnM k'ql:ti7lt ;j{bf ..#)..
tqf˜˜oof} s'df/L r x+;s'Ss'/jflxgL .
sflGtk'of+{ hg}of{˜˜:t] k"lhtf ax'leM ;bf ..#!..
;jfxgM ;dfuTo Zj]te}/j pQdM .
t:of eSt Oj l:yTjf eSt/Iff+ s/f]lt r ..#@..
b]Jof cu|] If]ds/L of]lugL eStjT;nf .
kZrflT:ytf elSto'Stf j]tfnf ci6dft[sfM ..##..
Olt b]ju0ffM ;j{] tqfuTo ;;+e|dd\ .
>LdgMsfdgfb]Jof dlGb/] ;+l:ytf d'bf ..#$..
cBflk ;Hhgf:tq uR5lGt k"hgfo o] .
;jf{;f+ b]jtfgf+ lx bz{g+ k|fKg'jlGt t] ..#$..
o] eStf elSt;DkGgf eujTofM k|k"hsfM .
t]iff+ g /f]uf bfl/b|Ø+ g}j b'Mv+ sbfrg ..#^.
of] dgMsfdgfb]Jof dfxfTDoldbd'Qdd\ .
u'Xofb\ u'Xot/+ k'0o+ b]jfgfdlk b'Nn{ed\ .
z[0f'ofb\ jf k7]b\ eSTof ; ne]t\ k/d+ ;'vd\ ..#&..
sGofyL{ net] sGof+ j/+ j/fly{gL ne]t\ .
k'qfyL{ net] k'q+ wgfyL{ net] wgd\ ..#*.
nf]s}?bLl/t+ r}tR5«"ot] elStefjg}M .
Psd]j j/+ ofr]Hhgf] eStM :jhLjg] .
t+ j/+ k|fy{gfk|Ltf dftf k"/olt w'jd\ ..#(..
;+:yfkgfsflns/fd;fx+ l//lIfif"g\ dlGb/d:o j+Zofg\ .
k[YjLklt+ tb\ b|9oGtd]jdfbz{e"k+ ;tt+ :d/fd ..$)..
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] dgMsfdgfdlGb/:yb]jflbj0f{g+
gfd t[tLof]˜WofoM ..#..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy rt'yf{{]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
nvGyfkf dxfl;4:tLyf{6g;d'T;'sM .
lgZrqmfd]lt ;+1ftf] ejb\j0f{gsf/0fft\ ..!..
k/+ s'q utM l;4M slt jiff{l0f rf˜e|dt \ .
dlGb/] r sbf˜˜oftM k"hfy +{ ; dxfd'lgM ..@..
cfuTo slt jiff{l0f nId0f]g s[tfr{gf <
tLyf{6glgj[Q]g ls+ s[t+ t]g of]lugf < ..#..
PtRr >"tt]˜Bflk :ju|fd+ k|fKo ;Gd'lg M .
Psl:dg\ uXj/] uTjf tq}jfGt/wLot ..$..
Olt ;To+ g jf ls+ tb\ u'?jof{lew]lx dfd\ .
ejtf]Stf+ syf+ >¦Tjf k'g/Lx] ttM k/d\ ..%..
u'??jfr
t]g åfbzjiff{l0f tLy{]if' e|d0f+ s[td\ .
yfkfj+Zo]g l;4]g nId0f]g dxlif{0ff ..^..
otM d l;l4;DkGgM zlStdfg\ a'l4dfg\ g[k .
jfw{So]˜Kos/f]t \ tLy{ofqfdlk ;'b'is/fd\ ..&..
ci6l;l4;';DkGgf] nId0ff] elSt;+o'tM .
If0f]g dWos"6:y+ k|f;fbd'klti7t] ..
If0f]g b]JofM k"hfy+{ dlGb/+ rf]klti7t] ..*..
efuL/yL+ gbL+ gfjf t/tLh{g;+xtLM .
dWos"6:yk|f;fbfbkZot\ ; dxfd'lgM ..(..
ctf/ot\ ; :ju[xfb\ uËfof+ klttf~hgfg\ .
;efofd]sbf t:o j:q+ lsl~rT;d'lGbtd\ ..!)..
syd]tlblt k[i6M ;ef;b\leM ; ljl:dt}M .
jftf{dsyot\ l;4:t/Lb'3{6gflTdsfd\ ..!!..
hgfM sltko] t]g :jo+ gBfM ;d'4[tfM .
x:t]g ;bo+ b"/fbtf] j:q+ ;d'lGbtd\ ..!@..
df;fGt/] >'tf jftf{ t/Lb'3{6gflTdsf .
kj{tLof hgfM s]lrt\ tqf˜˜;g\ 36gf:yn] ..!#..
jif{}åf{bzlebL{3{} e|{dGgf;Lt\ ;elStsM .
;snfGolk tLyf{lg nvGyfkf dxfd'lgM ..!$..
j[4f] åfbzjif{]˜lk gfoft Olt lrGtof .
t:o ;GtltleM ;j{}af{Gwj}Zr ;dfs'n}M ..!%..
sl:d+lZrblk tLy{] lx ToStb]xf] ej]lblt .
dTjf t}:t' s[tfM ;jf{M lqmof:t:of}Wj{b]lxsfM ..!^..
k/Gt' ; ;dfuR5b]sbf nId0ff] d'lgM .
l;4f] j[4:tkMk"tM :ju|fd+ :jhg}j[{td\ ..
k/+ kl/lrtf] g}j ;f]˜ejb \ ax¦leh{g}M ..!&..
ls~r t]g >'tf rrf{ u|fddfu{] hg}M s[tf .
nvGyfkf d[t Olt e"of] g}jfuldiolt ..!*..
>[Tj}tfb[Ujr:t]g d'vft\ :ju|fdjfl;gfd\ .
cx+ u[x+ uldiofld g]lt tq}j lglZrtd\ ..!(..
ty}j lgZro+ s[Tjf ; u'xfEoGt/+ utM .
cGtwf{g+ ttM l;4M :jl;l4an;+o'tM ..@)..
j}zfvd"l0f{dfof+ t' ; l;4f]˜Gt/wLot .
g s]gflk dg'io]0f b[i6M ;f]˜gGt/+ d'lgM ..@!..
ttf]˜e"g\ lglvn}nf]{]s} 1f{tf ……l;4u'xfÚÚ g[k .
;/x:of ttf]˜uDof˜ejt \ ;f k"lhtf u'xf ..@@..
tqfGt/] lx ljj/f} åf} dfuf{ljj ;+l:ytf} .
Psf] uf]/vfgfy:o u'xf+ k|fKgf]lt Xo'Q/] .
k/+ l;4M k'dfg]j tfdjfKt'+ lx zSg'oft\ ..@#..
t:of+ u'xfof+ kltt+ kmn+ lsl~rblk b|'td\ .
uf]/IfuXj/] k|fKt+ ejtLlt hg>'ltM ..@$..
tyf lsl~rblgi6+ t' olb b]z] kltiolt .
uf]/vfsflnsf/St+ u'xfof+ b[Zot] hg}M ..@%..
s'nb]j+ k"holGt Nxfof]j+Zof:t' tq lx .
nvGyfkfj+zhftf j}zfvk"l0f{dflbg] ..@^..
Psbf g ;dfgLtM k"hfy{dlUg/]j t}M .
ls+ st{Joldlt If'Aw}:t}M k[i6+ t' k/:k/d\..@&..
tb}s]gf]StldTy+ ob\ nvGyfkf tkf]˜s/f]t \ .
oBq r]QbflUg:t' nEof] lgZrk|r+ ej]t\ ..@*..
OTo'STj}s]g e"df} lx lsl~rb'Tvlgt+ tbf .
k|fKtf]˜lUg:tq ;fZro{+ e:du"9M ;'/lIftM ..@(..
tl:dGgUgf} s[t+ ;j{+ xjgflbsd'Qdd\ .
Olt t] s[ts[Tof lx hftf nId0fj+zhfM ..#)..
nvGyfkf u'xf oq ttM ;f}Gbo{zflngL .
lxdfnoflblzv/}M zf]letf b[Zot] dxL ..#!..
uf]/vfdWos"6:yf u'xf of nf]sk"lhtf .
u'/f]uf{]/vgfy:o tkf]e"ldl/lt :d[tf ..#@..
kZo l;4u'xftM >Luf]/vfsflnsf+ lzjfd\ .
tq}j /fhk|f;fbf] b[Zot] ;'dgf]x/M ..##..
PtTkljq+ ;'dgf]x/+ :yn+
l;4]g yfkfdu/]0f rlr{td\ .
of] dfgjf] uR5lt >4oflGjtM
k|fKgf]To;f} l;4z'eflzif+ s[tL ..#$..
pRr}M l:yt}/fTdank|k"l/t}
h{g}o'{t+ /fi6«ldb+ a[xTsyd\ .
ej]lblt k|:km'l6tf˜q efjgf
uf]/Ifb]z:o dxLkt]x{[lb ..#%..
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f
dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo] nvGyfkftLyf{6g
l;4u'xfj0f{g+ gfd rt'yf{]˜WofoM ..$..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy k~rdf]˜WofoM .
/fhf]jfr
b]JofZrl/tdfs0o{ e"of]˜lk >f]t'd'T;'sM .
sLb[z+ rl/t+ b]Jof:tT;j{+ jb d] u'/f] Û ..!..
ls+ k|bf:olt eSt]EoM sfdbf eStjT;nf .
OTo]tT;j{dfVoft'+ Tjdx{l; ljbf+ j/ .
tbfs0o{}j d] zfGt+ eljiolt u'/f] dgM ..@..
u'??jfr
;j{d]tb\ huT;[i6+ oof˜BfzlSt¿kof .
t:of eSTof hg}nf]{]s] olTsl~rblk nEot] ..#..
ob\ ob\ eSt}o{yfelSt k|fKt+ k"j{+ dxLkt] .
tlTsl~rR5«"otfdB ;+If]k]0f a|jLDoxd\ ..$..
o] oyf df+ k|kBGt] tf+:ty}j ehfDoxd\ .
Olt s[i0f]g ;Dk|f]St+ k'/f eujtf oyf ..%..
;f dgMsfdgf b]jL tyf sfdk|bf g[k Û
o] oyf tf+ k|kBGt] huTqolxt}lif0fLd\ ..
tGdgMsfdgfb]Jof eSTof˜;fWo+ g ls~rg ..^..
/fd;fxf] dxfGofoL /fhf˜e"t \ nf]sjT;nM ..
//If s[kof b]jL t+ e"k+ tTk|hfZr ;f ..&..
k[YjLkltd{xLkfnM ;fxj+z;d'b\ejM .
b]jLdlGb/lgdf{tf ;j{nf]s}M k|k"lhtM ..*..
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] e"kM k[YJof+ gf/fo0ff]kdM .
t]g Joj:yf k"hfy+{ dxtL ljlxtf lsn ..(..
gef]g]qfi6e";+Vo] -!*@)_ j}qmdfAb] dxLe'hf .
b]Jo} ;dlk{tf t]g a|Llxd"/LztåoL ..!)..
tb'Tkfbgkof{Kt+ hn3df{g's"lntd\ .
z]/fVod'j{/+ If]q+ jqmfËu|fd;+l:ytd\ ..!!..
;dlk{t+ t]g /f1f nf]sk"Ho]g wLdtf .
cIftf–w"k–bLkflb–g}j]Bfy{ ;elStsd\ ..!@..
5fuf åfbz dlxifZr}sf]˜e"t \ k|ltxfogd\ .
rt'df{0fldt+ wfGo+ skf]t]EoZr k|Toxd\ .
Piff Joj:yf e"k]g sfl/tf˜˜;Lb \ dxfTdgf ..!#..
tGdgM sfdgfb]JofM s[kof k'0osd{0ff
t]g e"kltgf /fi6«lj:tf/f] ljlxt:tbf ..!$..
>LdgMsfdgfdft'M k"hfy+{ e"o Pj ;M
k[YjLgf/fo0ff] wfGod"l/sfi6zt+ bbf} ..!%..
b]JofM k|;fbtf] /f1f /fi6«d]sLs[t+ b[9d\ .
b]Jof Pj k|;fbfRr /fi6«+ ;+/lIft+ ;bf ..!^..
ljZjl:dGg]sdfq+ ob\ lxGb"/fi6«ldlt >'td\ .
PtGdgMsfdgfofM k|;fbfb]j ;Dejd\ ..!&..
k[YjLgf/fo0fM ;fxf] b]Jof eStf] dxfg\ g[kM
b]jLk|;fbftM sfo+{ sl7g~rflk ;f]˜s/f]t \ ..!*..
eSTofTo'Ts6of o'Stf g/f cBflk lgZrod\ .
l;l4+ neGt] du/f] nvGyfkf oyf k'/f ..!(..
Ptr\ 5'«t+ hg}M k"j{+ ob]sf] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
s[Tjf dft'M :t'lt+ ;Bf] elSto'St]g r]t;f ..@)..
l;l4+ nAWjf nvGyfkfu'xfofdfljj]z x .
ttM kmnflg rfbfo eSt]EoM k|bbf} d'bf ..@!..
k/+ b'/fzf b'isfdf neGt] b08d]j r .
ctf] j/+ ;d'lrt+ z'ed]j lx sfdo]t\ ..@@..
Ps]g uf]/vfb]z] b'le{If+ k|fly{t+ k'/f .
:ju[x:y+ obGg+ d] dxf3{+ tb\ ej]lblt ..@#..
Olt :jfy{k|]l/t]g nf]eflji6]g r]t;f .
k"hf r ljlxtf dft'?krf/}:t' k~rleM ..@$..
k/+ dftf˜ejTq'm4f tfb[z] j/ofrs] .
;wfGo+ tb\u[x+ ;Bf] bUwdfsl:dsflUggf ..@%..
kZrfQfkft\ ; tf+ b]jL+ k|fy{ofdf; elSttM .
kfbof]/ktGdft'M Ifdfofrgof ttM ..@^..
>LdgM sfdgfb]JofM z[0f' ?Rof+ s[kfsyfd\ .
cf;Lb]sf] låh>]i7M ;j{zf:qljb'QdM ..@&..
ljk|]0ff]Wj{jo:o]j s[tf] bf/kl/u|xM .
efof{ rf]Wj{jof:t:o ae"j k'qsfª\lIf0fL ..@*..
;GtltM :ofGgj]lt åf} lrGtofdf;t'lZr/d\ .
>LdgMsfdgf tfEof+ b]jL ;Dk|fly{tf ;bf ..@(..
tof]e{STof k|;Ggf ;f b]jL+ tfEof+ bbf} ;'td\ ..
;'Gb/+ ;b\a'l4dGt+ :j:y+ r s'nbLksd\ ..#)..
låtLodlk ;Tk'q+ b]jL tfEof+ bbf} d'bf ..#!..
cy tf} bDktL dft'b{z{gfo ;k'qsf} .
uTjf eSTof dft'/Í] Go:tjGtfj'ef} ;'tf} ..#@..
tfEof+ lgj]lbt+ r}tb\ – ej2Qf} lx afnsf} .
/If0fLof} ejTo}j, jo+ t' z/0ffutfM ..##..
tyf k|;Ggf ;f b]jL //If r tof]M ;'tf} ..#$..
ax'Eof] ax'zf] Xo]iff syf k"j{+ >'tf hg}M .
ljZjo'4] lx k|yd] låtLo] r}j ;}lgsfM ..
g}kfnf o] d[tf:t]iff+ d[To'gfDaf˜ltb'Mlvtf ..#$..
e6}M sltko}M k"j{+ k|fy{gf;Lt\ s[tf g[k Û
t]iff+ /Iffef/e/fblDasf >flGtdGje"t\ ..#^..
:j]blSnGgf˜ejb\ d"lt{j{:q}M ;Dk|f]l~5tf tbf .
k|TofuTo e6}M k"hf alnbfgo'tf s[tf ..
nf]sf hfglGt tt\ ;j{+ b]JofM kl/;/] l:ytfM ..#&..
o+ o+ lrGtot] sfd+ t+ t+ k|fKgf]lt dfgjM .
k/df+ elStdfkGgf] b]VofM k|Lltk|;fbtM ..#*..
dlGb/+ kl/tM z}n] j[Iffg\ k'ikfl0f rfg3fM .
;+jw{olGt r]t\ t] :o'M ;j{;f}efUozflngM ..#(..
dlGb/+ kl/tM slZrt\ kfksd{ s/f]lt r]t\ .
y"Tsf/dnd"qflb b]Jof ; bl08tf] ej]t\ ..$)..
Ps]g Psbf j[Iff] dlGb/:oflGts] l:ytM .
l5Gg:tbf l;Wd/f]uL ;f]˜ejt \ ;B Pj lx ..$!..
s]jn+ dfgjf g}j kz'klIfd[ufBlk .
>LdgMsfdgf;Gg] j;lGt elStefjtM ..$@..
lj+zltjif{ko{Gt+ k|Tox+ sfsbDktL .
b[i6f} j[If] elSto'tf} b]JofZr/0f;]jsf} ..$#..
kfkfTdg] eujtL b08d]j k|oR5lt .
t:dfb\ eSTof ljz'4fTdf hgf] uR5]QblGtsd\ ..$$..
>LdgMsfdgfb]JofM o] g/f elStefljtfM .
t]iff+ ;Tsfdgf k"0ff{ eljiolt g ;+zoM ..$%..
dgf]˜lesfdfGbbtL+ bofn'–
df/fWo b]jL+ hutf] ljwfqLd\ .
cnf}lssL+ zlStdjfKo k[YjL–
gf/fo0ff] /fHod'¿rsf/ ..$^..
td]jdGofglk zlSteStf–
gf/fWo tf+ k"0f{dgf]˜lenfiffg \ .
sfdk|bfqL+ hggL+ ;dRo{
/fi6«k|lti7f+ jod'Ggo]d ..$&..
Olt >Ldb'Q/dxfef/t] g]kfnkj{l0f dgMsfdgfdfxfTDo]
dgMsfdgfelStkmnj0f{g+ gfd k~rdf]˜WofoM ..%..
>LdgMsfdgfo} gdM ..
cy ifi7f]˜WofoM ..
/fhf]jfr
>'t+ dof ejQf] lx b]JofZrl/td'Qdd\ .
tbrf{ljifo+ e"oM >f]t'ldR5lt d] dgM ..!..
Joj:yf sLb[zL b]JofM k"hfy{+ ljlxtf g[k}M .
k'/fe"t}h{g}e{St}M sy+ k"hf Xosfl/ j} ..@..
sy+ rfw'lgs}e{St}M k"Hot]˜:dfle/lDasf .
sy+ r ;f k"hgLof u'/f] ;j{+ a|jLt' d] ..#..
u'??jfrfr
elSt/]j dxb\ j:t' eSTof ls+ gflwuDot] .
elStefjgof o'StM k'dfFNnf]s] dxLot] ..$..
>j0f+ sLt{g+ b]JofM :d/0f+ kfb;]jgd\ .
cr{g+ jGbg+ bf:oefjdfTdlgj]bgd\ ..%..
kq+ k'ik+ kmn+ tf]o+ t:o} eSTof lgj]bo]t\ .
u[X0fflt hggL t'i6f :jfÍ] sf?0o¿lk0fL .
eSt+ lx tfb[z+ b]jL ;fg'sDk+ r /Iflt ..^..
cxf]leg{jle:tq dxfeStf:t' s]rg .
k"hfdv08f+ s'j{lGt b]JofZr/0fof]M l>tfM ..&..
>LdgMsfdgfb]jL+ eSTofr{olt k"hsM .
nvGyfkfs'nf]TkGgf] du/M k'?iff] j|tL ..*..
k"hfJojl:yltM k|fRof ljlzi6f r k/Dk/f .
k|Tox+ k"hs]g}j lgTok"hf ljwLot] ..(..
k|ftM sd{s/}M ;j{+ dlGb/+ kl/dfHo{t] .
k|IffNot] r z'4]g hn]g ;j{tM ;bf ..!)..
k|ftåf{/+ dlGb/:of]b\3f6Øt] ;Ktjfbg] .
s]jn+ k"hsf] d'Vof] b]jL+ k"hot] tbf ..!!..
k'ikfIft}w"{kbLkg}j]Bflble/r{gd\ .
s/f]lt k|Tox+ z'4f] d'VoM k"hs Pj ;M ..!@..
åf/+ lga4Ø ;f k"hf t]g}s]g ljwLot] ..!#..
dlGb/fEoGt/] k"hf obf t]g ljwLot] .
;f k"hf uf]kgLo]lt ærfk"hfÚÚ XolewLot] ..
k'ikfIftf ljsLo{Gt] dlGb/+ kl/t:ttM ..!$..
ttf] dxfk|;fbf] lx k"hs]g ;dKo{t] .
b]JofM dxfk|;fb:t' ljz]ifM kl/sNKot] ..!%..
eujTofM k|;fbfo :ju[x] k"hs]g lx .
;'t08'n+ 3[tfSt+ r nj0f+ j];jf/sd\ ..!^..
Jo~hgflg ;d]To}j k"hs]g}j kRot] .
dxfk|;fbkrg] bjL{ g}j k|o'Hot] ..!&..
k"hs:o u[xft\ :yfn] /fht] ljlgwfo lx .
cfR5fB /Stj:q]0f k|;fbf] gLot] g[k Û ..!*..
:k|i6Jof] g}j s]gflk b|i6Jof] g}j s]glrt\ .
z'4fR5'4tdf] b]Jo} k|;fbf] lx ;dKo{t] ..!(..
otf] b]JofM :yfksZr k|ydM k"hsf] g/M .
cf;LR5«LnId0f:yfkf nvGyfk]lt lj>'tM ..@)..
t]g b]JofM k"hs:t' tå+Zof] du/f] ej]b\ .
Olt Joj:yf k|frLgf g s}lZrblk ?Wot] ..@!..
Odf+ Joj:yf+ oM slZrGg s'of{t\ kl/jlt{tfd\ .
slZrTs/f]lt d"9Zr]b\ b]Jof b08Øtdf] ej]t\ ..@@..
k'/f]lxtZr tqf˜:t] cfq]of] a|fXd0fM z'lrM .
d/x§flåhZr}j b]jLefujt+ k7]t\ ..@#..
Olt Joj:yf bf9Ø{]g /lIftf˜l:t ;gftgL .
lgaf{w¿k]0f r ;f Joj:yf Xog'kfNot] ..@$..
d'Vok"hsk"hfofM kZrfb]j lx k|Toxd\ .
k"holGt dxfb]jL+ eStf cGofM ;elStsfM ..@%..
w"k+ bLk+ kmn+ k'ik+ j:qfl0f r oy]R5of .
hgfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} eSTofk{olGt r ..@^..
5fus'Ss'6x+;fBf dlxiff aln¿ksfM .
oyfk|lt1+ bLoGt] b]Jof:t[KTo} hg}:;bf .. @&..
k|lt1ftf] alnM ls+ jf eSt+ k[R5lt k"hsM .
tbg';[To ;+sNkjrg+ tq k7Øt] ..@*..
;dk{olGt s]lrQ' eStfM k~r anLg\ z'efg\ .
s'Ss'6R5fudlxifx+;d]ifflbsfg\ kz"g\ ..@(..
k"hf ljlzi6f ejlt tl:dg\ sfn] tblx{sf .
k~r}t] anoM qm]t'+ zSoGt] dlGb/flGts] ..#)..
kzf]lx{ aln¿k:o lz/f] u[X0fflt k"hsM .
g]jf/hflteSt]EoM lz/Zr k|ltbLot] ..#!..
k/Dk/f ot:t]iff+ lz/;f] df+;eIf0fd\ .
k/+ tby{+ t}M lsl~rb\ wg+ b]o+ eljiolt ..#@..
clgof{To wg+ zLif{+ lnK;'/fklQdfKg'oft\ .
tyf s[Tjf hgM slZrb\ d[t Pj]lt >"ot] ..##..
bft+' o] g}j jf~5lGt b]Jo} kz'aln+ hgfM .
s"idf08+ jf gfl/s]nkmn+ t] Tjk{olGt lx ..#$..
w"kbLkflbg}j]Bj:qk'ikkmnflg r .
eStfM ;f}efUoj:t"lg b]Jo} bblt e"kt] Û
s]lrR5«4fnjf] eStf wlgsfM zlStzflngM .
b]Jo} ;'j0f{/hte"if0ffGok{olGt r ..#%..
k|ft/f/Eo k"hf t' ;fo+ko{Gtd]j lx .
lg/Gt/+ k|rnlt eStafx'Nosf/0fft\ ..#^..
k"hflj/fdM ;GWofof+ zÎ+ k|Wdfo ;"Rot] .
w"kbLkflbleM k"hf k"hs]g ;dfKot] ..#&..
;dfKtfof+ ;drf{of+ tbf åf/+ lgaWot] ..#*..
;fodf/flqs] sfo{] kl/tM ;xeflugM .
>4of elStdGtf] lx hgf cfoflGt dlGb/] ..#(..
k|Hhjno\o jlt{sf:t] b]Jof cf/flqs+ z'ed\ .
s'j{lGt z'4dg;M ;fo+sfn] ;dflxtfM ..$)..
s]lrb\ bLk+ HjfnolGt ;elSt+ nIfjlt{sfd\ .
;'w"kk'ikj:qflbkmnwfGofIft}o'{td\ ..$@..
OTy+ lx k|Tox+ k"hf b]Jof eSt}lj{wLot] .
k/+ k"hf ljz]if]0f zgf} ef}d] r jf;/] ..$#..
ci6Dof+ jf gjDof+ jf rt'b{Zofdyflk jf .
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