从无的放矢到个性化的知识探索 from opac to personalized discovery foster zhang systems...
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从无的放矢到个性化的知识探索From OPAC to Personalized Discovery
Foster ZhangSystems IntegrationDigital Library Systems and Servicesfjzhang@stanford.edu
问题的提出 Today’s library catalog no longer meets the
expectation of users accustomed to Internet search engines. -- Eric Celeste, Associate University Librarian, University of Minnesota
Only 30% of students turn to library websites when searching for scholarly information sources.
Only 2% of students begin their searches at library sites. -- OCLC survey
使用图书馆与使用检索引擎的对比 (LibQUAL’05)
CNI Spring 2005 Task force meeting
读者对图书馆服务的期望 Start from one place to search all Full-text, please! Easy move from a citation to the item itself Systems will provide lots of intelligent assistance Authenticated single sign-on Security and privacy Do not have to come the library to use the service
门户是否是解决办法?Web portals are sites on the World Wide Web that typically provide personalized capabilities to their visitors.
-- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_portal
图书馆员的思路与读者的想法有差距User’s problem
Personal research interests
vs.
World of knowledge
Library’s solution
Classification and Cataloging
for
Library-own materials
10. Library of Congress Classification
9. Availability
1. Subject: Topic2. Subject: Genre3. Format4. Library5. Subject: Region6. Subject: Era7. Language8. Author
Usage patterns
Requests by Search Type
Search -> Navigation
29%
Navigation 20%
Search 51%
Usage patterns, cont.Navigation Requests by Dimension
70,516
38,074
38,605
59,248
87,221
74,985
65,545
155,856
169,249
23,848
0 30,000 60,000 90,000 120,000 150,000
Author
Language
Subject: Era
Subject: Region
Library
Format
Subject: Genre
Subject: Topic
LC Classification
Availability
Requests
北卡州立大学新的检索界面是基于Endeca ProFind 导航软件
Technical Overview Endeca co-exists with SirsiDynix Unicorn ILS and
Web2 online catalog. Endeca indexes MARC records exported from
Unicorn. Index is refreshed nightly with records
added/updated during previous day.
Basic Architecture
Endeca Data
Foundry
Endeca Data
Foundry
Endeca Navigation
Engine
Endeca Navigation
Engine
Endeca Presentation
Server
Endeca Presentation
ServerRaw DataSources
EndecaStudio
NavigationEngineIndices
Client Browser
HTTP
Offline Process Online System
Data FoundryConfiguration
XML
Step 1: Data Transformation
Transform
Data Foundry RecordXML
Transform Rules
XSLTscripts
Set up Data Pipeline
MARC Records…
MARC MARCXML RecordXML
Endeca ForgeActivity: Transform data source(s) into RecordXML
Step 2: Data Pipeline Editing
Endeca Foundry
[RH CP6 + 008 CP23] Physical Form
[008 CP22] Target Audience
[008 CP24-27 + CP28 + CP33] Content Form
[008 CP35-37] Language
[650,654,656,657 $a + 6## $x] Subject - General
[651 $a + 6## $z] Subject - Geographic
[6## $d + 6## $y] Subject – Time Period
[6## $v] Format
Record Header
….
008
…. ….
….
650 $a
651 $a Geographic Subject
654 $a
….
656 $a
657 $a
6## $d, $y Time Period
6## $v Format
6## $x General, modifies $a
6## $z Geographic Subject
Filters &
Sc
ripts
Activity: Create orthogonal facets from MARC fields; clean up data
Step 3: Create Dynamic DimensionsEndeca Foundry
Publication Date
Language
Content Form
Target Audience
Physical Form
Subject – Other Name
Subject – Person Name
Subject – General
Subject – Time Period
Activity: Use GUI in Dev Studio to designate & configure Dynamic Dimensions. Underlying data automatically drives dimension category values.
Publication Date: from to
Language …English, Spanish, French, German
Content Form …Not Fiction, Fiction, Novels, Speeches
Target Audience …General, Juvenile, Adolescent
Physical Form …Language Material, Projected Material,Cartographic Material, Manuscript
Subject – Other Name …IBM, American Express, Endeca, Barnes & Noble
Subject – Person Name…Jack Blount, Ric Rodriguez, Mark Calkins, Steve Nielsen, Rob Madsen
Step 4: Hierarchy Transformation
Transform
Data Foundry DimensionXMLTransform Rules
scripts
LOC Taxonomy
Break out Facets
Class A – General WorksClass B – PhilosophyClass C – Auxiliary Sciences of HistoryClass D – History, General and Old WorldClass E – History, America: USClass F – History, America: AllClass G – Geography, Anthropology…Class H – Social SciencesClass J – Political ScienceClass K – Law
Activity: Create and run a script to transform input hierarchies into DimensionXML. Atlernatively, for smaller hierarchies, can use GUI to build in the Developer Studio.
Step 5: Create Edited DimensionsEndeca Foundry
LOC Classification
Subject – Geography
Activity: Use GUI in Dev Studio to designate & configure Edited Dimensions. Underlying data automatically matches to values from hierarchy; dead ends suppressed & stored for future matches.
LOC ClassificationClass A – General WorksClass B – PhilosophyClass C – Auxiliary Sciences of HistoryClass D – History, General and Old WorldClass E – History, America: USClass F – History, America: AllClass G – Geography, Anthropology…Class H – Social SciencesClass J – Political ScienceClass K – LawClass L – Education … …
Subject – GeographyNorth AmericaSouth AmericaEuropeAsiaAfrica050 H1.xxx.xxx
…RecordXML
Book Records
Step 6: Load Indices and Create UI
Data Foundry
Navigation Engine Indices
En
de
ca AP
I
ASP
JSP
.NetMDEXEngine
DGraph(exe / binary)
Activity: Use GUI in Dev Studio to designate & configure all dimension options. Underlying data automatically matches to values from hierarchy; dead ends are not shown, but stored for future potential matches. Use API and standard Web coding to modify reference implementation to final UI.
Easy move from a citation to the item itself
Citation 引文
OpenURL resolver 解析器
Full text sources 全文源
Discovery 如何发现相关的引文
赋予读者检索与研究的主导能力
Expanded possibilities for users Guide users back to library’s resources
持续检索馆外资源
持续检索馆外资源: Open WorldCat
持续检索馆外资源: Google Scholar
持续检索馆外资源: RLG Union Catalog
Google Style Spelling Check
Look Inside (similar to Amazon)
将读者引回图书馆的例子 Users control what they want to go and see Script codes made available for free share Currently only work on Firefox Personalize information services
Google Book Search Link to OPAC Item Status
Library item status displayed on Google
Link lead to library item status
Link from Amazon
Library item status displayed on Amazon
Link to library recall request page
小程序( Script codes)例子/ ==UserScript==// @name Google Books Socrates Link// @namespace http://www.superpatron.com// @description Search Stanford Library Catalog (Socrates) from Google Books
listings.// @include http://books.google.*// ==/UserScript==
function(){
var libraryUrlPattern = 'http://library.stanford.edu/searchcat?isbn=';var libraryUrlPatternTrailer = '';var librarySearchScreen = 'http://socrates.stanford.edu/';… }
固定格式可检索 URL System provided Customized for easy use
Example: URL of an ISBN Search with Search Qualifiers
/uhtbin/cgisirsi/x/LIBPOLNAME/0/5?searchdata1=0070167818{020} &srchfield1=GENERAL^SUBJECT^GENERAL^^words+or+phrase &searchoper1=AND&thesaurus1=GENERAL&search_entries1= GENERAL&search_type1=SUBJECT&special_proc1 =&library=ALL&pubyear=&language=ANY&format=ANY& item_type=ANY&location=ANY&item_1cat=ANY&item_2cat= ANY&match_on=KEYWORD&shadow=YES &sort_by=NONE&user_id=GUEST&password=xxxx
Create Custom URL for Easy Reference
ckey=isbn=issn=author=xauthor=bauthor=title=xtitle=btitle=everything=
subject=xsubject=bsubject=periodical=xperiodical=bperiodical=series=xseries=bseries=
http://library.stanford.edu/searchcat?author=proust+marcelThe complete list of parameters is:
两种 URL的比较 Canned URL http://library.stanford.edu/searchcat?isbn=0801604451 http://lmldb.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local &Search_Arg=020a+0801604451&Search_Code=CMD*&CNT=10
OpenURLhttp://caslon.stanford.edu:3210/sfxlcl3?&isbn=0801604451
OpenURL 连接示意图
Link Source
OpenURL.Resource
Resource
Service
Component
Link Server
Provision of Hooks(OpenURL)
Resolution into Links
Context Sensitive
Link Destination
Link Link
DestinationLink
Link Destination
Link Link
DestinationLink
Hook
AppropriateServerReference
OpenURL 例子与结构
OpenURL contains three parts: Address of OpenURL resolver: http://caslon.stanford.edu:3210/sfxlcl3 Database source: (America History and Life from ABC-CLIO). Metadata citation
使用 OpenURL连接的例子 Google Scholar
为何与 Google合作 ?
Better user search experiences Rich contents contain citation and full text of
English and non-English materials Can be easily integrated into your library
environment It is the user’s choice, not ours
Google Scholar Registration Form
Enable SFX Google scholar registration
Access to full text
Stanford library does not have access to the article
Campus Registry(students, faculty, staff)
Book vendors(invoices and catalog records)
RLIN, OCLC, Library of Congress(Catalog records, vernacular data)
Delphi financial system (pay invoices & get reports)
SAL3 inventory system(LAS)
Unicorn(Socrates)
ERM from Innovative(e-resource management)
Grokker from Groxis
SFX link server(open URL’s)
TDNet (e-journal presentation)
SUL/AIR web space
Stanford Digital Repository
Authentication & Authorization
CourseWork/
Sakai
Locally digitized and Google digitized content
小结: 不要强迫读者使用单一的方法查找图书馆资料 支持和提供读者选择他们决定检索信息的方法 为读者计算所有下一步检索的可能性,建议最相关的下一步骤( Guided Navigation)
不要将图书馆服务的范围限制在馆藏的基础上,积极为教学和研究开发工具和资源
根据读者使用需要,分析和连接相关信息并提供技术支持服务,做为图书馆长期的任务
谢谢各位!
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