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:Jakobson, Thorkild (1976) The Treasures of Darkness. New Haven: Yale University Press.Black, Jeremy & Green, Anthony (1992) Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. London: British Museum Press.

:Bottero, Jean (1992) Mesopotamia: Writing, Reasoning, and Gods. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

:Postgate, J. N. (1992) Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. London: Routledge.

2. " () = " " " ( .) "" "" ( ) "" () "" ( ) " ". "" ( ) ( ). . (= ) ( ) . "" . ""( ). . "" . ( ) . . :Roux, George (1992) Ancient Iraq. (Third Edition) Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. (97f)

3.George, Andrew (1999) The Epic of Gilgamesh. London: The Penguin Press.

4. - () - . "" . . . :Braidwood, R. J. (1960) Prehistoric Investigations in Iraqi Kurdistan. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Braidwood, R. J. (1974) The Iraq-Jarmo Project. In G. R. Willy (ed.) Archaeological Research in Retrospect. Cambridge: CUP.

5. . : " .. ."Lukacs, Georg (1970) Art and Objective Truth. In Writer and Critic and other Essays. London: Merlin Press.6. " ".

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:Roux, George (1992) Ancient Iraq. (Third Edition) Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. (100f)

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10.Gordon, C. H. (1962) Before the Bible. London. . - "" ( 2355 .) . :Siebert, E. (1974) Women in the Orient Near East. Leipzig.

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16. "" " " " " " " " " " " " ". :George, Andrew (1999) The Epic of Gilgamesh. London: The Penguin Press. . .

17.Kramer, Samuel Noah (1956) From the Tablets of Sumer. Colorado: Falcon Wings Press.

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19. ( ) :Kramer, Samuel Noah (1956) From the Tablets of Sumer. Colorado: Falcon Wings Press.

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25. :Kramer, Samuel Noah (1956) From the Tablets of Sumer. Colorado: Falcon Wings Press.

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27. : . 1980 . :Qazanchi, F. (2005) Some Prominent Translations of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Translation by Suad Abid Ali. In Gilgamesh. (Baghdad) 1/2005, 15-18.

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43. "" "" . :George, Andrew (1999) The Epic of Gilgamesh. London: The Penguin Press.

44. :Kramer, Samuel Noah (1956) From the Tablets of Sumer. Colorado: Falcon Wings Press.

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47.Moran, William L. (1991) The Epic of Gilgamesh. In Bulletin of Canadian Society for Mesopotamian Studies. 22 (15-22).

48.Jakobsen, T. (1990) The Epic of Gilgamesh: Romantic and Tragic Vision. In Abusch, T., Huehnergard, J. & Steinkeller, P. Lingering over Words. Atlanta: Scholar Press. (231-49).- See more at: http://www.ssrcaw.org/ar/show.art.asp?aid=255368#sthash.GZnw4mKr.dpuf