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AMiBA AMiBA Sunyaev Sunyaev Zel Zel dovich dovich Effect and Effect and Multiwavelength Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters Study of Galaxy Clusters Keiichi Keiichi Umetsu Umetsu , on behalf of the , on behalf of the AMiBA AMiBA team team Academia Sinica I Academia Sinica I AA AA (ASIAA) (ASIAA) , Taiwan , Taiwan @CLJ2010+0628 @CLJ2010+0628

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Page 1: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

AMiBAAMiBA

SunyaevSunyaev‐‐ZelZel’’dovichdovich

Effect and Effect and  MultiwavelengthMultiwavelength

Study of Galaxy ClustersStudy of Galaxy Clusters

Keiichi Keiichi UmetsuUmetsu, on behalf of the , on behalf of the AMiBAAMiBA teamteam

Academia Sinica IAcademia Sinica IAAAA (ASIAA)(ASIAA), Taiwan , Taiwan @CLJ2010+0628@CLJ2010+0628

Page 2: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

ContentsContents

1)1)

Thermal Thermal SunyaevSunyaev‐‐ZelZel’’dovichdovich

Effect (Effect (tSZEtSZE) )  science results with the 7science results with the 7‐‐element element AMiBAAMiBA

2)2)

Cluster Cluster LensingLensing

And Supernova survey with And Supernova survey with  Hubble (CLASH)Hubble (CLASH)

524‐orbit Hubble Multi‐Cycle Treasury program  (PI: Marc Postman,  Co‐PI: Holland Ford)

http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/

Page 3: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

1.1.

Fundamental QuestionsFundamental QuestionsGalaxy clusters as sensitive cosmological probesGalaxy clusters as sensitive cosmological probesProviding testable predictions of models of structure formation on Mpc/sub‐Mpc

scales at z<1‐2, 

complementary  to CMB and LSS in terms of scale/epoch:

1)1)

DM and Dark Energy DM and Dark Energy ––

Precision CosmologyPrecision Cosmology―

Precision cosmology with cluster abundance, X‐ray gas fractions, tSZE

Cl, …―

Calibration of mass‐observable relations;  characterization of intrinsic scatter2)2)

QuasiQuasi‐‐Equilibrium DM mass profile shapesEquilibrium DM mass profile shapes

Inner‐cusp and outskirt density slopes, dln(r)/dlnr

DM nature, structure formation (w/ baryons)―

DM Halo triaxiality

DM collisional

nature, structure formation (M. Oguri’s

talk)

8 –

e.g., Ho et al. ’06―

Degree of DM mass concentration, Cvir

(Mvir

,z)

Structure formation, cosmology, cluster formation epoch –

e.g., Duffy et al. 20083)3)

DM and BaryonsDM and Baryons

Gas mass fractions―

Level of Hydrostatic equilibrium (S. Borgani’s

talk)

Y‐Mtot

bias in disturbed clusters

(E. Komatsu’s talk)

Thermal vs. equilibrium pressure profiles P(r) ‐

Kawaharada, Okage, Umetsu+2010, ApJ―

Degree of thermalization

Temperature and entropy profiles in cluster outskirts ‐

Kawaharada, Okabe, Umetsu+2010

Anisotropic nature associated with surrounding LSS and filaments

Kawaharada, Okabe, 

Umetsu+2010Complementary multi‐wavelength observations of individual clusters needed 

for understanding Clusters 

Page 4: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

4

•• SubaruSubaru Suprime‐Cam 

34’x27’•• HST ACSHST ACS

3.3’x3.3’• Chandra ACIS• AMiBA• VLT/VIRMOS• Suzaku/XIS

30’

AAbellbell

1689 1689  (z=0.183)(z=0.183)

Strong-lensing

Weak-lensingS-Z effect

Dynamics

CClusters as lusters as cosmological/cosmological/astrophysical probesastrophysical probes

Page 5: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

2. Array for

Microwave Background  Anisotropy (AMiBA) 

The The AMiBAAMiBA

ProjectProject

(since 2000)

PI:                               Paul T.P. Ho (ASIAA/SAO)Project manager:    Ming‐Tang Chen (ASIAA)Project scientists:   J.‐H. Proty

Wu (NTU)

Keiichi Umetsu

(ASIAA)System scientist:     Patrick Koch (ASIAA)System engineer:    Chao‐Te Li (ASIAA)Scientists:                 Kai‐Yang Lin (ASIAA)

Hiroaki Nishioka

(ASIAA)C.W. Locutus

Huang (NTU)

Yu‐Wei Liao (ASIAA)Sandor

Molnar (ASIAA)

Poster #21 “AMiBA

Science and Recent Upgrade”

Page 6: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

AMiBAAMiBA

––

The Largest Hexapod TelescopeThe Largest Hexapod Telescope

6060cm cassegrain antennacm cassegrain antenna

CarboCarbon n fiberfiber platfoplatform (6m)rm (6m)

RReceieceiverver

HexHexapod apod jackjack

Correlator boxCorrelator box

Mauna-Loa Observatory (3300m), Hawaii

Constrained 6 degreesConstrained 6 degrees--ofof--freedomfreedom

0<Azimuth<360deg, Elevation > 30deg

Polarization: +/-30deg

HEMT, 94GHz  (84‐104GHz)

Analog 4‐lag,  wide‐band:  

f/<f>=0.21

Page 7: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

AMiBAAMiBA

Focus: Focus: Cluster Astrophysics with  Cluster Astrophysics with   Thermal Thermal SunyaevSunyaev‐‐ZelZel’’dovichdovich

Effect (Effect (tSZEtSZE))

①① Independent of Independent of D(zD(z) ) 

i.e., free from cosmological i.e., free from cosmological  brightness dimming,brightness dimming,

Low‐frequency  radio signal 

strength of SZE

42 )1()/( zDD LA

Power of Power of tSZEtSZE::tSZEtSZE

brightness isbrightness is

②② A measure of projected A measure of projected  thermal electron pressurethermal electron pressure

Page 8: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

AMiBAAMiBA‐‐7 vs. AMiBA7 vs. AMiBA‐‐13: 13:  Dish ConfigurationsDish Configurations

2007‐2008 2010~

Page 9: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

AMiBAAMiBA‐‐7 vs. AMiBA7 vs. AMiBA‐‐13 Maps: A168913 Maps: A1689

60cm x 7 (660cm x 7 (6’’

sbFWHMsbFWHM)) 120cm x 13 (2120cm x 13 (2’’

sbFWHMsbFWHM))

3.4hr on‐source integration (10)7.1hr on‐source integration (6)

Page 10: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

First Science Results with AMiBAFirst Science Results with AMiBA‐‐7710 Papers Published as of June 2010:

––

Design/Results:                  Design/Results:                  Ho+Ho+

2009, ApJ, 694, 1610––

tSZEtSZE

+ Analysis pipeline+ Analysis pipeline:  Wu+Wu+

2009, ApJ, 694, 1619

––

System performanceSystem performance:       Lin+Lin+

2009, ApJ, 694, 1629––

Data integrity testsData integrity tests:          NishiokaNishioka++

2009, ApJ, 694, 1637

––

tSZEtSZE

+ Weak + Weak LensingLensing::

UmetsuUmetsu++

2009, ApJ, 694, 1643––

Instrumentation:Instrumentation:

Chen+Chen+

2009, ApJ, 694, 1664

––

Hexapod mount:Hexapod mount:

Koch+Koch+

2009, ApJ, 694,  1670––

tSZEtSZE

cluster propertiescluster properties:     Liao+

2010, APJ, 713, 584

––

WideWide‐‐band band correlatorcorrelator:       Li+

2010, ApJ, 716. 746––

tSZE+XtSZE+X

scaling relationsscaling relations:   Huang+

2010, ApJ, 716, 758

3 more papers in various stages of the review process:3 more papers in various stages of the review process:Liu Liu et al. 2010, et al. 2010, KochKoch

et al. 2010,et al. 2010,

Molnar Molnar et al. 2010et al. 2010

See P21 See P21 ““AMiBAAMiBA

Science and Recent UpgradeScience and Recent Upgrade””

by Kaiby Kai‐‐Yang Lin (ASIAA) Yang Lin (ASIAA) 

Page 11: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Galaxy Clusters as Galaxy Clusters as ““seenseen””

by by  AMiBAAMiBA

tSZEtSZE

(left) and Subaru WL (right)(left) and Subaru WL (right)

Hot baryons as imaged by AMiBA‐7 (Wu+ ‘09):            200‐600mJy tSZE

decrement, 5‐7% relativistic 

correction at 94GHz

DM structure as revealed by  Subaru WL (Umetsu+ 2009)

AMiBA tSZE@3mm maps from 6 months of early science operation (’07-’08)

<tobs > = 7 nights per cluster in 2-patch differencing observations

Uncertainty dominated by primary CMB at a mean level of ±100mJy (d_min=200)

Page 12: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Subaru Weak Subaru Weak LensingLensing

Shallow

SISSIS

(dlnDM

/dlnr=‐2)  strongly rejected for A2142 (WL)A2142 (WL)

and A1689 (WL+SL)A1689 (WL+SL)

For all four clusters, continuously continuously  steepening NFWsteepening NFW

profiles are 

statistically favored (Umetsu

et al.  2009, arXiv:0810.0969) 

Umetsu

& Broadhurst

08,  arXiv:0710.2262

z=0.18 z=0.22 z=0.09 z=0.23

Page 13: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

AMiBAAMiBA‐‐7 7 tSZEtSZE

Example: A2142 (z=0.09)Example: A2142 (z=0.09)AzimuthallyAzimuthally‐‐averaged real visibility flux [averaged real visibility flux [mJymJy]]

Imaginary visibility flux due to primary CMB etc.Imaginary visibility flux due to primary CMB etc.

Contribution from structure with  reflection symmetry

Figure from Ho et al. 2010

Color image: Color image: tSZEtSZE

mapmap

(Wu+2009)

Contours: Contours: WL WL 

mapmap (Okabe & Umetsu

2008, Umetsu+2009)

tSZE

decrement in  Multipole

space

Wu+ 2009

Page 14: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Baryon Fractions in Baryon Fractions in HighHigh‐‐Mass Mass ClustersClusters

Umetsu, Birkinshaw, Liu et al. 2009, ApJ

(arXiv:0810.969)

Komatsu et al. 2010,

WMAP‐7yr

WMAP7 tSZE

and X‐ray constraintsAMiBA‐7 tSZE

+ WL + X‐ray 

Large‐scale fgas

constraints (~0.8rvir

, <z>=0.2) from tSZE+WL+X,  independent of dynamical state and level of hydrostatic equilibrium

Vikhlin

in+200

9

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Large scale constraints on fgas at r200 SZ+WL+X method, free from HE assumption AMiBA constraints: r200 (shortest baselines), r2500 (longest baselines) where fgas reach the cosmic mean fraction?
Page 15: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

3. 3. CCluster luster LLensingensing

And And SSupernova survey upernova survey  with with HHubble: ubble: CLASHCLASH

A 524A 524‐‐orbit HST MCT Program (HST Cycles 18orbit HST MCT Program (HST Cycles 18‐‐20 over the next 20 over the next  3 years)3 years)

PI: Marc Postman (STScI)

Four major science goals of CLASH:(1) Cluster gravitational lensing, (2) Supernova cosmology (out to z~1.5), (3) 

Search for high‐z galaxies, (4) Galaxy evolution

Target 25 X‐ray clusters

(>5keV; 5‐30e14Msun

) at 0.18<z<0.9 (<z>=0.39)

20 Allen et al.’s X‐ray morphology selected relaxed clusters  

5 high‐magnification clusters included for high‐z galaxy search

Can constrain the C‐M normalization to 10% accuracy (incl. observational, intrinsic,

and LSS uncertainties)  from joint ACS‐strong and Subaru‐weak lensing

analyses

Broad and dense spectral coverage with 14 ACS/WFC3 filters (total 20 filters 

per cluster) spanning the near‐UV to near‐IR, providing accurate photo‐zs

for  strongly lensed

galaxies, 

z ~2% (1+z) down to 26ABmag

http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/

Page 16: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Marc Postman, P.I.Matthias Bartelmann

Narciso “Txitxo” BenitezRychard Bouwens

Larry BradleyThomas Broadhurst

Dan CoeMegan Donahue

Rosa Gonzales-DelgadoHolland Ford, co-P.I.

Genevieve GravesOle Host

Leopoldo InfanteStephanie Jouvel

Daniel KelsonOfer Lahav

Doron LemzeDani Maoz

Elinor MedezinskiLeonidas Moustakas

Enikö RegösAdam RiessPiero RosatiStella Seitz

Keiichi UmetsuArjen van der Wel

Wei ZhengAdi Zitrin

Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)Universität HeidelbergInstituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA)Leiden UniversitySTScITel Aviv University (TAU) / IAAJet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) / CaltechMichigan State UniversityIAAThe Johns Hopkins University (JHU)University of California, BerkeleyUniversity College London (UCL)Universidad Católica de ChileUCLCarnegie Institute of WashingtonUCLTAUTAU / Wise ObservatoryTAUJPL / CaltechEuropean Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN)STScI / JHUEuropean Southern ObservatoryUniversitas Sternwarte MünchenAcademia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy & AstrophysicsMax Planck Institüt für AstronomieJHUTAUPost-doctoral fellow

Graduate student

Page 17: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Cluster distribution on sky

CLJ1226+3332MACS1149+2223

MACS1311-0310

MACS1206-0847MACS1115+0129

RXJ1347-1145

Abell 963

Abell 611MACS0744+3927

MACS0717+3745

Abell 209

Abell 383MACS2248-4431

MACS0429-0253

MACS0416-2403

MACS0329-0211

RXJ2129+0005

MACS2129-0741

MS2137-2353

MACS1931-2635

Abell 2261

MACS1720+3536

MACS0647+7015

MACS1532+3021

MACS1423+2404

CLASH CLUSTER SAMPLE(Galactic Coordinates)

0o60o120o 240o300o

Redshift

Median z=0.39

Background: Schlegel et al. Galactic Extinction Map

Page 18: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Multiple Facilities Will be UsedMultiple Facilities Will be Used• HST 524 orbits: 25 clusters, each imaged in 

14

passbands

with ACS/WFC3

(0.23 – 1.6  μm)

Chandra X‐ray Observatory archival data and  possibly new data. (0.5‐2keV)

Spitzer IR Space Telescope archival data (3.6,  4.5 μm)

tSZE

observations proposed to augment  existing data (Bolocam@150GHz, 

AMiBA@94GHz) •

Subaru wide‐field imaging (0.4 – 0.9 μm)

• GTC, VLT, and Magellan Spectroscopy

HST 524 orbits: 25 clusters, each imaged in  14

passbands

with ACS/WFC3

(0.23 – 1.6 

μm)

Chandra X‐ray Observatory archival data and  possibly new data. (0.5‐2keV)

Spitzer IR Space Telescope archival data (3.6,  4.5 μm)

tSZE

observations proposed to augment  existing data (Bolocam@150GHz, 

AMiBA@94GHz)•

Subaru wide‐field imaging (0.4 – 0.9 μm)

GTC, VLT, and Magellan Spectroscopy

Page 19: AMiBA Zel’dovich and Multiwavelength ofmember.ipmu.jp/clj2010/program_files/Talks/umetsu.pdf · AMiBA Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich Effect and Multiwavelength Study of Galaxy Clusters

Both Strong & Weak Both Strong & Weak LensingLensing

Measurements Measurements  Needed for Good ConstraintsNeeded for Good Constraints

CLASH data will allow us to definitively derive the representative mass profile shapes and robustly measure the cluster DM concentrations and their

dispersion as a function of cluster mass and their evolution with redshift.

Umetsu

et al. 2010, ApJ

(arXiv:0908.0069)

Umetsu+2010b, in prep (Full weak‐lensing

constraints from distortion + magnification MCMC analysis 

for 5 massive clusters)Broadhurst, Takada, Umetsu+2005; Umetsu

& Broadhurst

2008

(A1689);  Zitrin, Broadhurst, 

Umetsu+ arXiv.1004.4660: (A1703); Umetsu+ 2010a (Cl0024+1654)