american revolution how many colonies did england establish on mainland north america?...
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American Revolution
How many colonies did England establish on
mainland North America?
•Thirteen
What country founded a permanent
settlement at Quebec?
•France
Who founded a permanent settlement at
Quebec?
•Samuel de Champlain
What was the economic basis of the French colony at Quebec?
•Fur-trading
What was the heart of France’s colonial empire
in North America?
•Quebec
What two nations became colonial rivals
in North America?
•England•France
What two countries fought against each other in the French and Indian War?
•England •France
What was the French and Indian
War called in Europe?
•The Seven Years’ War
Who won the French and Indian
War?
•England
What territory did England gain from France as a
result of the French and Indian War?
• Canada• Territory west of the
Appalachian Mountains
What did the Proclamation of 1763
do?
• Forbid American colonists to move west of the Appalachian Mountains
Who issued the Proclamation of 1763?
•The British government•or King George III
What 3 results did the British government intend for the
Proclamation of 1763?• Protect friendly Indians• Reduce conflict between
Americans colonists and the Indians
• Reduce the cost of the British army to protect the land west of the Appalachians
What effect did the French and Indian War have on the finances of the British
government?
•British government went greatly in debt.
According to the British gov’t., why did it station British troops in North
America after the French and Indian War?
•To protect the American colonists
What is the name of Great Britain’s
lawmaking body?
•Parliament
What is a tariff?
•A tax on imports
What is another name for a tariff?
•Customs Duty
What was the Sugar Act?
•Placed a tax on French molasses imported into the American colonies
What was the Stamp Act?
•Taxed newspapers and all legal documents in the American colonies
What was the American attitude toward the
Sugar Act and the Stamp Act?
•Opposed them
Who did the American colonists believe had the
power to tax them?
•Only their elected assemblies
What became a popular slogan in the American colonies?
•“No taxation without representation.”
What did Parliament do after the Americans
opposed the Stamp Act?
•Repealed it
Why did Parliament tax the American colonies after the French and Indian
War?• British gov’t. greatly in debt• To pay the cost of British troops
stationed in North America
What is revenue?
•Tax Money
Identify the Townshend Acts.
•Placed import taxes on paint, paper, lead, glass, and tea
How did Parliament respond to American
opposition to the Townshend Acts?
•Repealed all the Townshend duties, except the tax on tea
What happened in the Boston Massacre?
• British soldiers in Boston fired on anti-British demonstrators
• 5 American colonists were killed
Identify the Tea Act.• Law passed by Parliament• Gave the British East India
Company a monopoly over the American tea trade
What is a monopoly?•Complete Control •Absence of Competition
•No Competition
What happened at the Boston Tea
Party?
• Protested the Tea Act• Americans disguised
themselves as Indians• Boarded ships owned by
British East India Company• Threw the Tea into Boston
Harbor
Who met at the First Continental Congress?
•Delegates from all thirteen colonies
Why was the First Continental Congress
important?• Met to discuss opposition to
British policies• First time all 13 colonies
acted together
Where did the Revolutionary War
begin?
•Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts
Who were the Minutemen?
•Members of New England’s militia
Who wrote Common Sense?
•Thomas Paine
What did Common Sense say?
•Challenged the rule of the American colonies by the King of England
When was the Declaration of
Independence adopted?
•July 4, 1776
When did the American colonies declare their
independence?
•July 4, 1776
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
•Thomas Jefferson
Who was John Locke?
• English political philosopher• Locke’s ideas influenced
Thomas Jefferson
Who wrote that government should protect
“Life, Liberty, and Property”?
•John Locke
Who wrote that all men have the right to “Life, Liberty and
the pursuit of Happiness”?
•Thomas Jefferson
Whose ideas did Thomas Jefferson borrow when he wrote the Declaration of
Independence?
•John Locke•Thomas Paine
Into what 3 groups did Americans divide during the
American Revolution?
•Patriots•Loyalists or Tories•Neutrals
Identify the Patriots.
•Wanted independence from England
Identify the Tories.
•Wanted to remain Loyal to England
What Patriot said, “Give me liberty, or give me
death!”
•Patrick Henry
Who was the commander-in -chief of
the American or Continental Army?
•George Washington
Which group of Americans provided the
troops for the Continental Army?
•Patriots
What 2 types of factors contributed to the
American victory in the Revolution?
•Diplomatic•Military
What country helped the Americans win their independence from
England?
•France
What was the military turning point of the
Revolution?
•The Battle of Saratoga
What two nations signed the Treaty of Alliance in
1778?
•The United States•France
What American negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with
France in 1778?
•Benjamin Franklin
Where did the American
Revolution end?•Yorktown, Virginia
What happened at the Battle of Yorktown?
•The Americans and the French defeated the British
What battle ended the military phase of the
Revolution and firmly established the
independence of the United States?
•The Battle of Yorktown