French and Indian War

• Britain helped colonists defeat French in war

• Britain needed money to pay for war expenses

• Taxed colonists, restricted settlements and limited self-govt.

Sugar Act and Stamp Act

• British taxed colonists on many of the goods coming into the colonies from other places

• British imposed taxes upon all paper products and stamped the item once the tax had been played.

Colonists react…

“No Taxation

Without Representatio

n!”

5

3. AMERICAN COLONISTS TAKE ACTION:

“No Taxation Without Representation”

-Colonists very angry over new taxes and laws. Colonists felt that Parliamant and the king did not have the right to tax the colonists without colonial representation in

Parliament.

How it worked:

1. All taxes and laws are made by the King of England and Parliament.

2. Only people living in England may elect members to Parliament.

3. If Americans cannot elect members to Parliament, then they have no representation there.

4. These Americans say the taxes are unfair and refuse to pay them. They say that they have the same rights as

Englishmen and want representation.

Various protests:

•Patrick Henry’s speech

•Sons and Daughters of Liberty•Benjamin Franklin’s visit to Parliament

•Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Party

• Lower price on British tea

• Colonists still pay taxes

• Boycotted British tea

• Sons of Liberty dressed in disguise and dumped British tea overboard

King George III passes the“Intolerable Acts”

• The Royal Navy blockades the Boston Harbor so no colonial goods could be sent out until tea was paid for.

• Colonists had to quarter the British soldiers.

• The King assigned British General Gage to be Massachusetts governor.

First Continental Congress meets in

Philadelphia

Conflict at Lexington and Concord

•British General Gage learns of hidden weapons in Concord

•Two lanterns hung in church tower to warn the British coming by “sea” (Charles River)•Paul Revere and William Dawes make midnight ride to warn Minutemen of approaching British soldiers

Second Continental Congress

Representatives brought

money to help establish…

the Continental

Army

(i.e. pay soldiers, buy guns, bullets,

food, and uniforms

independence : (n)

the freedom to govern on one’s own.

declaration : (n)

an official statement

Who was involved?

• Benjamin Franklin

• John Adams• Robert R.

Livingston• Roger Sherman• Thomas

Jefferson

Where did it all take place?

This is a replica of the Graff house where Jefferson wrote the majority of the 1st draft of the Declaration of Independence. The original building (at this location) was destroyed in 1888.

16

Reasons why theAmerican colonistsbelieved that they would win the war.

ADVANTAGES:1. They were fighting for their

homes, families, lives, and freedom.2. George Washington

3. They were fighting on their home ground.

4. Ben Franklin got the French to help them.

5. Many of the English generals were afraid to make mistakes.

6. The English people would get tired of a long war.

DISADVANTAGES:1. Poorly trained army and no

navy.2. No money to fight a war.

3. Weak, inexperienced gov’t.4. 2/3 of population were

either Tories or didn’t care.5. Professional English army,Hessians, and Indians against

them.6.Poor equipment and lack of

food. 7. Soldiers could leave at will.

Reasons why most people believed that England

would win the war.

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Reasons why England believed it would win its war with America.

ADVANTAGES:1. Professional army and navy.

2. Factories to make war materials.3. $ to feed and supply an army.

4. A government to make decisions.

5. 1/3 of the American population were Tories. 1/3 of the American population were neutral or didn’t

care.6. Hessians and Indians on British

side. 7. Americans were poorly supplied

and trained.

Reasons why Englandmight not win the

war.

DISADVANTAGES:1. England had a 3000

mile supply line.2. English soldiers werefighting because they

were told to fight.3. America is a large piece of land and not

easy to control or conquer.

4. Many of the English generals were afraid to

make mistakes.

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BRITISH ACTION: AMERICAN REACTION:

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR REFUSAL TO PAY SHARE OF WAR

PROCLAMATION OF 1763 DISOBEY THE LAW

STAMP ACT PROTEST STAMP ACTSONS OF LIBERTY

BOYCOTTING ENGLISH GOODSNO TAXATION WITHOUT

REPRESENTATION

QUARTERING ACT BOSTON MASSACRE

TEA TAX BOSTON TEA PARTY

INTOLERABLE ACTS MINUTEMEN

LEXINGTON – CONCORD AMERICAN REVOLUTIONBUNKER HILL