american becomes an industrial giant
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American Becomes anAmerican Becomes an
Industrial GiantIndustrial Giant
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IndustryIndustry
Manufacturing- makingManufacturing- makingthings, was mostly donethings, was mostly done
in the northeast in thein the northeast in the1800’s.1800’s.
Because of railroads,Because of railroads,manufacturing spreadmanufacturing spread
across the country.across the country.
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IndustryIndustry
Americans began miningAmericans began miningand discovering resourcesand discovering resources
such as oil (petroleum)such as oil (petroleum)coal, iron and lumber.coal, iron and lumber.
Entrepreneurs- People whoEntrepreneurs- People whoorganize business, like Jayorganize business, like Jay
Z, Bill Gates, Rockefeller,Z, Bill Gates, Rockefeller,
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SteelSteel
Building block for manyBuilding block for many
new building structures,new building structures,
bridges, buildings and manbridges, buildings and manothers.others.
Came from iron.Came from iron.William Kelly and HenryWilliam Kelly and Henry
Bessemer found a way toBessemer found a way to
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Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie
Bought steelBought steel
companies(Carnegie Steelcompanies(Carnegie Steel
Bought iron minesBought iron mines
Bought the transportationBought the transportation
of steel and ironof steel and ironControlled the wholeControlled the whole
aspect of steel and iron inaspect of steel and iron in
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Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie
Scottish immigrantScottish immigrant
Saw bridges being madeSaw bridges being made
from wood, thought therefrom wood, thought there
was a better way to do it.was a better way to do it.
Began using steel to buildBegan using steel to buildbridges.bridges.
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Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie
Because Carnegie controlledBecause Carnegie controlled
all parts of the business heall parts of the business he
had a monopoly. Which madehad a monopoly. Which madehim lots of $$$him lots of $$$
Was a philanthropist, donatedWas a philanthropist, donated
money to schools, libraries,money to schools, libraries,
colleges, the poor. Manycolleges, the poor. Many
streets, schools and bridgesstreets, schools and bridges
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Steel become verySteel become very
importantimportant
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Steel become verySteel become very
importantimportantSteel builtSteel built
longestlongest
suspensionsuspensionbridge inbridge in
18831883
BrooklynBrooklynBridgeBridge
Steel builtSteel built
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Steel become verySteel become very
importantimportantSteel was cheap andSteel was cheap andeasy to produce ineasy to produce in
factories.factories.Steel workers workedSteel workers worked
very hard in horriblevery hard in horribleworking conditions.working conditions.
Used to make nails andUsed to make nails and
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Steel become verySteel become very
importantimportantCarnegie gave away moreCarnegie gave away more
than 350 million in histhan 350 million in his
lifetime.lifetime.
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Discussion questionsDiscussion questions
Why would making steelWhy would making steelhelp make America ahelp make America a
strong country?strong country?How did Carnegie have aHow did Carnegie have a
monopoly of steel?monopoly of steel?What has happened toWhat has happened to
steel factories today?steel factories today?
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Rockefeller and OilRockefeller and Oil
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OilOil
11stst American oil well dugAmerican oil well dug
by Edwin Drake inby Edwin Drake in
Pennsylvania in 1859Pennsylvania in 1859At first oil was thought toAt first oil was thought to
be uselessbe uselessCalled black gold. Why?Called black gold. Why?
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OilOil
Oil was sent to refineriesOil was sent to refineries toto
made into differentmade into different
material like gasolinematerial like gasoline
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RockefellerRockefeller
John D Rockefeller was John D Rockefeller was
born in New York, laterborn in New York, later
lived in Cleveland.lived in Cleveland.Did think money could beDid think money could be
made from drilling oil, butmade from drilling oil, butrefining it.refining it.
Started Stand Oil CompanyStarted Stand Oil Company
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RockefellerRockefeller
Standard Oil become veryStandard Oil become very
powerful.powerful.
Controlled the productionControlled the production
and price of oil throughoutand price of oil throughout
the country.the country.Oil was refined mostly intoOil was refined mostly into
kerosenekerosene
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OilOil
The invention of the car The invention of the car
made a market for gas.made a market for gas.
We get gas from oil.We get gas from oil.
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Business ChangesBusiness Changes
Businesses grew large intoBusinesses grew large into
corporations. Controlled bycorporations. Controlled by
shareholders.shareholders.Many common people feltMany common people felt
monopolies and largemonopolies and largecorporations were unfair tocorporations were unfair to
small businesses.small businesses.
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MonopolyMonopoly
Rockefeller and StandardRockefeller and Standard
Oil had a monopoly on theOil had a monopoly on the
Oil marketOil market..
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MonopolyMonopoly
Eliminated competition.Eliminated competition.
Competition is/was goodCompetition is/was good
for us consumers. Keepsfor us consumers. Keeps
prices in lineprices in line
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CorporationsCorporations
important to businessimportant to businessSafe form of business,Safe form of business,
limited liability.limited liability.
Capitol- Money used to buyCapitol- Money used to buy
investments.investments.
Corporations sell stocks toCorporations sell stocks topeoplepeople
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BIG BUSINESSBIG BUSINESS
Vertical combination-Vertical combination-
owning all parts of aowning all parts of a
business frombusiness fromtransportation, mining, andtransportation, mining, and
production. Carnegie Steelproduction. Carnegie Steel
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BIG BUSINESSBIG BUSINESS
Horizontal combination-Horizontal combination-
Buy out other smallerBuy out other smaller
companies that competecompanies that competeagainst you. Rockefeller’sagainst you. Rockefeller’s
Standard Oil.Standard Oil.Both Standard oil andBoth Standard oil and
Carnegie were monopoliesCarnegie were monopolies
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Other monopoliesOther monopolies
The sugar, railroad, The sugar, railroad,
tobacco industries all weretobacco industries all were
monopolies at one timemonopolies at one time
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Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions
What was oil refined intoWhat was oil refined into
early on?early on?
How were monopolies badHow were monopolies bad
for business?for business?
What are horizontal andWhat are horizontal andvertical combinations?vertical combinations?
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OTHER MAJOR USOTHER MAJOR US
INDUSTRIESINDUSTRIES The advancement of The advancement of
railroads brought aboutrailroads brought about
advancement of meatadvancement of meatpackingpacking
Refrigeration cars are builtRefrigeration cars are builtin the 1890’sin the 1890’s
Meat would be transportedMeat would be transported
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Railroad OwnersRailroad Owners
Cornelius Vanderbilt builtCornelius Vanderbilt built
America’s first greatAmerica’s first great
railroad system New Yorkrailroad system New YorkCentral.Central.
Vanderbilt was the first toVanderbilt was the first touse steel tracks and steeluse steel tracks and steel
bridgesbridges
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Thomas EdisonThomas Edison
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Thomas EdisonThomas Edison
America’s greatestAmerica’s greatest
inventor was Thomasinventor was Thomas
EdisonEdisonEdison was born in OhioEdison was born in Ohio
Edison was called “WizardEdison was called “Wizardof Menlo Park” in Newof Menlo Park” in New
JerseyJersey
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Thomas EdisonThomas Edison
Invented the phonographInvented the phonograph
early record playerearly record player
Invented early movieInvented early movieprojectorprojector
Added sound to moviesAdded sound to movieswith phonographwith phonograph
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Alexander Graham BellAlexander Graham Bell
Invented the telephoneInvented the telephone
Helped AmericaHelped America
communicate quicker andcommunicate quicker andeasiereasier
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Other Inventions andOther Inventions and
ImprovementsImprovements
Camera- Improved by KodakCamera- Improved by Kodak
Elevator- Elisha Otis Otis’Elevator- Elisha Otis Otis’
elevator made skyscraperselevator made skyscraperspossible to buildpossible to build
Assembly Line- Henry Ford.Assembly Line- Henry Ford. The assembly line made cars The assembly line made cars
more affordable. Alsomore affordable. Also
invented gas enginesinvented gas engines
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Other Inventions andOther Inventions and
ImprovementsImprovements
With each new invention, aWith each new invention, a
new industry was created.new industry was created.
With each industry moreWith each industry more jobs would be added to the jobs would be added to the
countrycountry
I i f h 1800’I ti f th 1800’
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Inventions of the 1800’sInventions of the 1800’s
& 1900’s& 1900’s http://www.ideafinder.com/history/tihttp://www.ideafinder.com/history/ti
http://www.ideafinder.com/history/quihttp://www.ideafinder.com/history/qui
n us r an us r a
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n us r an us r aDevelopment and theDevelopment and the
EnvironmentEnvironment The air from factories The air from factories
would be full of pollutionwould be full of pollution
Pollution also was seen inPollution also was seen inthe water toothe water too
Teddy Roosevelt opens Teddy Roosevelt opensfirst national park-first national park-
Yosemite in 1892Yosemite in 1892
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PollutionPollution
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Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions
Besides steel and oil, whatBesides steel and oil, what
other new industries wereother new industries were
developeddevelopedWhat were some of What were some of
Edison’s inventionsEdison’s inventionsBesides Edison’sBesides Edison’s
inventions name someinventions name some
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Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions
How did Ford make cars moreHow did Ford make cars more
cheap to buycheap to buy
How did new inventionsHow did new inventionsdevelop new jobsdevelop new jobs
What effects did IndustryWhat effects did Industry(factories) have on the(factories) have on the
environmentenvironment