PROTEINSCARLOS A. LOPEZ DIAZ

MEDICINE STUDENT

BLIBLIOGRAPHY

• Michele Vendruscolo, T. (Thursday 11 August 2016). Poor protein control key to Alzheimer's / Dementia. medicalnews.

• Preidt, R. (THURSDAY, Aug. 11, 2016). 2 Zika Virus Proteins Linked to Microcephaly ID'd. HealthDay.

• http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/protein

PROTEINSMEDICAL UTILITY

The proteins are so much important, are versatile molecules because can realize diverses functions and we can use it like: enzymes: can catalysis chemical reactions Hormones: the proteins can work with the plataletes to help to the blood coagulation Transport of substances Immunological factor: the antibodies produced with leukocyte

And the most important characteristic, they are molecular target so, we can use it to medical treatment, therapies to the cancer and another diseases . Also we can use the proteins presence and characteristic behavior for diagnosis of many sicknesses

By: CARLOS ALBERTO LOPEZ DIAZMOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Teacher: LINA MARIA MARTINEZ SANCHEZ

INTRODUCTION THE PROTEINS

are any of various naturally occurring extremely complex substances that consist of amino-acid residues joined by peptide bonds, contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, usually sulfur, and occasionally other elements (as phosphorus or iron), and include many essential biological compounds (as enzymes, hormones, or antibodies)

Poor protein control key to Alzheimer's progression

New research investigating the pattern of protein build-up in Alzheimer's brains may open the door to

a deeper understanding.Previous research has identified that certain areas of the brain are more sensitive to the aggregation

of proteins. The disease often begins in the entorhinal region (at the base of the brain) and

spreads out to all of the neocortex (the largest part of the cerebral cortex)

How did it? They analyzed approximately 500 samples of

healthy brain taken from the Allen Brain Atlas In the healthy tissue, they observed a distinctive joint of

genes important in the control of beta amyloid and tau protein. They contrasted with Alzheimer`s brains and discovered a identical pattern in advance of the

sickness throughout the brain.

Student’s observations I think that it’s very interesting and useful for the study of specifics cerebral regions and resolve the

likelihood of suffer this sickness and accordingly it’s importanto to find preventive actions

2 Zika Virus Proteins Linked to Microcephaly ID'd

First study to examine Zika infection in human neural stem cells from second-trimester fetuses, researchers say.USC researchers have tracked down two Zika proteins potentially responsible for thousands of microcephaly cases; taking one small step toward preventing Zika-infected mothers from birthing babies with abnormally small heads. Babies with microcephaly have abnormally small heads and brains. The Zika virus include 10 proteins, however only NS4B and NS4A are the responsible, in accordance with the study published in the journal Cell Stem Cell. These malicious proteins, researchers discovered, have two shared life goals: to handicap fetal brain formation and to mobilize their malevolent forces.

Student’s observations I think this discovery is so much useful for

implement measurement prevents to this disease and have power over about it.

INTRODUCCIÓN

Proteins are vital to basic cellular and body functions, including cellular regeneration and repair, tissue

maintenance and regulation, hormone and enzyme production, fluid balance, and the provision of

energy.

Poor protein control key to Alzheimer's progression

New research investigating the pattern of protein build-up in Alzheimer's brains may open the door to

a deeper understanding.Previous research has identified that certain areas of the brain are more sensitive to the aggregation

of proteins. The disease often begins in the entorhinal region (at the base of the brain) and

spreads out to all of the neocortex (the largest part of the cerebral cortex)

How did it? They analyzed approximately 500 samples of

healthy brain taken from the Allen Brain Atlas In the healthy tissue, they observed a distinctive joint of

genes important in the control of beta amyloid and tau protein. They contrasted with Alzheimer`s brains and discovered a identical pattern in advance of the

sickness throughout the brain.

Student’s observations I think that it’s very interesting and useful for the study of specifics cerebral regions and resolve the

likelihood of suffer this sickness and accordingly it’s importanto to find preventive actions

POOR PROTEIN CONTROL KEY TO ALZHEIMER’S PROGRESSION

By. Prof. Michele Vendruscolo, of the Centre for Misfolding Diseases at Cambridge's Department of

Chemistry in the United Kingdom.THURSDAY, Aug. 11, 2016.

Alzheimer's disease, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually

starts slowly and gets worse over time. Normally appearing around the age of 60.

Although a great deal has been learned about the disease, there is no cure, and many

questions remain unanswered

POOR PROTEIN CONTROL KEY TO ALZHEIMER’S PROGRESSION

Mapeo de la forma en que se gestiona la proteína en el cerebro da una nueva perspectiva sobre la enfermedad de Alzheimer. 

Crédito de la imagen: J Freer

Amyloid - beta genes and tau protein, involved in the control

and important factor in this study to evaluate the pattern in

the Alzheimer brains compared with healthy brains

Previous research has identified that certain areas of the brain are more

sensitive to the aggregation of proteins. The disease often begins in the

entorhinal region (at the base of the brain) and spreads out to all of the neocortex (the largest part of the

cerebral cortex).

Prof. Vendruscolo explains the findings:"Vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease isn't dictated by

abnormal levels of the aggregation-prone proteins that form the characteristic deposits in disease, but rather by the weaker control of these proteins in the

specific brain tissues that first succumb to the disease."

Co-author Prof. Christopher Dobson says: "Linking the properties of specific protein molecules to the onset

and spread of neuronal damage is a crucial step in the quest to find effective drugs to combat this dreadful

neurodegenerative condition."

In my opinion the advance in the knowning about the Alzheimers disease is so much important to the

medicine because actually exist much ignorance about it and researching, the medicine can to be

near more every day to find any possibility of resolve this problem with any cure or otherwise

every time improvement in the treatment. I think that investigations type’s like the previous

are too contributors to the medicine. If it continue we can reach big steps in medicine.

2 Zika Virus Proteins Linked to Microcephaly ID'd

Researchers from a team led by University of Southern California scientists say they've identified two

proteins in the ZIKA VIRUS linked to the severe birth defect MICROCEPHALY.

THURSDAY, Aug. 11, 2016 (HealthDay News).

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne illness that is spread by the Aedes species of mosquito.

The two known species responsible for Zika transmission are the Aedes albopictus, known

as the Asian Tiger mosquito, and the Aedes aegypti species.

• Fever• Eruption• Arthralgia• Conjunctivitis• Myalgia• Headache• Vomit• Ocular pain

Symtomps

• Microcephaly is a medical condition in which the brain does not develop properly resulting in a smaller than normal head. Microcephaly may be present at birth or it may develop in the first few years of life.Microcephal

y

The Zika virus contains 10 proteins, but only two -- called NS4A and NS4B -- are linked to

microcephaly, according to the researchers.El descubrimiento podría algún día conducir a una

manera de evitar que el defecto de nacimiento, según los científicos

"We now know the molecular pathway, so we made the first big step toward target therapy for Zika-induced microcephaly,".

"Dentro de unos años, un disparo o una serie de disparos podrían dirigirse a las proteínas NS4A y NS4B o sus colaboradores,“ Zhen Zhao author of this study.

"It is important to remember that not every pregnant woman infected with Zika virus gives birth to a baby with microcephaly. Nevertheless, we are trying to develop a cure for that percentage that does get Zika-related microcephaly," said study corresponding co-author Zhen Zhao.

My opinion: The zika virus is a disease very common actually and affect so much person in

the world thanks to discoveries like theses researches we can advance and go a step

forward and save many person of suffer theses mishaps

MEDICAL UTILITY

The proteins are so much important, are versatile molecules because can realize diverses functions and we can use it like: enzymes: can catalysis chemical reactions Hormones: the proteins can work with the plataletes to help to the blood coagulation Transport of substances Immunological factor: the antibodies produced with leukocyte

And the most important characteristic, they are molecular target so, we can use it to medical treatment, therapies to the cancer and another diseases

MEDICAL UTILITY

Both researches about caracteristic proteins in the human body have a

relation with some disease and it help to study the

previous diseases

Both researches help to the medicine to reach goals like create any

treatment in order to anticipate theses diseases

and reduce their frequency

BIBLIOGRAPHY• Michele Vendruscolo, T. (Thursday 11 August 2016). Poor protein control key

to Alzheimer's / Dementia. medicalnews. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312243.php

• Preidt, R. (THURSDAY, Aug. 11, 2016). 2 Zika Virus Proteins Linked to Microcephaly ID'd. HealthDay. http://www.webmd.com/news/20160811/study-ids-2-zika-virus-proteins-linked-to-microcephaly

• MARTÍNEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María. Biología molecular. Libro de clase. 8 edición. Medellín: UPB. Fac. de Medicina. Pag. 147 .

• Protein. (07 de 09 de 2016). Obtenido de MERRIAM-WEBSTER: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/protein

• SMITH, L. (15 de JULIO de 2016). Virus Zika: Síntomas, Datos, Diagnóstico. Obtenido de http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/305163.php