alzheimer’s disease nick beisel rebecca ingold liz conway
TRANSCRIPT
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Alzheimer’s Disease
Nick Beisel
Rebecca Ingold
Liz Conway
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Alzheimer’s Introduction Form of Dementia Dr. Alois Alzheimer: discovered
plaques and tangles Two Types: _______ and Late Onset Ongoing Research No Cure Long-term Care
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Risk Factors
Age: numbers diagnosed ________ every five years after age 65
Family History: Implications for Early Onset
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Risk Factors: Ongoing Research Genetic Interaction
_________________ (ApoE): protein synthesis
ApoE carries __________ in blood Only 15% have type that increases risk Others still undiscovered
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Risk Factors: Speculation Diet: low _______ levels Environment Correlations?
Heart Disease and Stroke High BP High Cholesterol
Previous slides from ADEAR
www.alzheimers.org/pubs/adfact.html
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Symptoms: Characteristics Precursor
Mild forgetfulness: “senior moment” Early Stages:
Trouble remembering names, events, important dates, etc.
________________ difficulty Bothersome but not alarming
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Symptoms: Characteristics Moderate Stages:
Interference with simple daily activities, e.g., brushing teeth
Impaired ____________________ Impaired speech, reading, writing, etc. Unable to recognize family members Easily noticed and reported
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Symptoms: Characteristics Advanced Stages
Further deterioration of speech, etc. _________ Restlessness Mood Swings _____________ Wandering away from home
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Symptoms: Why?
Normal MRI Alzheimer’s MRI
Images from www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB/cases/case3/mr1/040.html
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Symptoms: Why? Loss of brain volume Atrophy of various lobes Asymmetry of ventricles Atrophy of _____________ and
Amygdala
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Treatment of Alzheimer’s Is no cure May be possible to reverse or minimize
symptoms
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Types of Treatment Medications Hormonal Herbal _____ At Home Techniques
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Medications Numerous kinds of medications to
relieve symptoms or control behavior Tacrine, Donepezil, Galantamine, & Memantine
____________ Helps with anxiety, sleep and behavior problems
http://my.webmd.com/hw/alzheimers/hw136880.asp
http://www.alzheimers.org/treatment.htm
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Hormonal HRT can ________ risk of AD Estrogen
Increased risk of dementia too
http://www.alzheimers.org/treatment.htm
http://my.webmd.com/content/article/54/61448.htm
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Herbs
Ginko Biloba May delay ___________ decay May have preventive measures
http://www.alzheimers.org/treatment.htm
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New Diet Research __________ plaque build up causes
oxidation and inflammation kills brain cells Diets high in anti-oxidants slow oxidation and
work to prevent inflammation Purple fruits and vegetables Curcumin (spice) may help prevent memory
loss
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6560710/
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At Home Techniques Make everything a ________ Walking helps stimulate the brain to talk Use reminders/ schedules Recall happy memories (LTM not impaired)
http://www.alzheimersdisease.com/info/answers/alzheimer-treatment-choices.jsp
http://www.my.webmd.com/content/article/54/61448.htm
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AD by the numbers: There is an estimated 4.5 million
Americans suffering from Alzheimer’s Disease.
This number has more than doubled since _____.
www.alz.org
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Alzheimer’s Association Poll 1 in 10 Americans have a family
member who suffers from Alzheimer’s Disease.
_____ Americans know someone with the disease.
www.alz.org
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Costs of Alzheimer’s Disease ____ of all nursing home residents have
Alzheimer’s Disease. Living in a nursing home can range from
$42,000-$70,000 a year. The average lifetime cost of care is
$174,000.
www.alz.org
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Care Giving for someone with Alzheimer’s
7 out of 10 Alzheimer’s patients live at home.
75% of their care is provided by family and ________.
The remaining 25% is paid care which can typically cost around $19,000.
www.alz.org
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Care Giving Most caregivers are _______. Care giving for Alzheimer’s disease is
physically and mentally demanding These care givers can suffer from fatigue,
frustration, grief, depression, etc. High levels of stress make the care giver
vulnerable to illness.
www.faqs.org/health
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Care Giving In early stages the patient loses ability to
do minimal tasks such as tying their shoes and selecting clothing.
Over time the patient will gradually lose the ability to take care of oneself.
www.ahaf.org
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Nutrition ___________ is also very important.
A patient might forget how to prepare food or that they are hungry.
The caregiver should make sure the patient is receiving healthy meals.
www.faqs.org/health
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The Safety of the Patient Patient will gradually lose the ability to drive
a car, cook, clean, shower, and ultimately take care of oneself.
Insert _______ devices such as bed rails and hand rails for the bathrooms.
Adjust electrical appliances
www.ahaf.org
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Care for the Care Giver
_______________ and professional counseling.
Extremely demanding and frustrating. Spirituality
www.ahaf.org