alvar aalto@micheal abebe

30
ALVAR AALTO 1 Addis college Archtectural Ext.Group - 4 Instracter _Semegnsh

Upload: micheal-abebe

Post on 07-Nov-2014

320 views

Category:

Engineering


6 download

DESCRIPTION

Alvar aalto Architect I make Zis presentation For History of Architecture Assignment.enjoy Micheal Abebe From Ethiopia Jun 27 2014

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

ALVAR AALTO

1Addis co l lege Archtectura l Ext .Group -4Instracter _Semegnsh

Page 2: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Aalvar Aalto was born in Kuortane, Finland.

In 1916 he then enrolled to study architecture at the Helsinki University of Technology, graduating in 1921.

In 1923 he returned to Jyväskylä, where he opened his first architectural office.

Jyväskylä would become a notable city for his architecture, with more buildings designed by him than in any other city.

Alvar alto’s principle was FUNCTIONALISM IN FURNITURE DESIGN.

Otaniemi Technical University, Finland

Red brick, black granite, and copper combine in Alvar Aalto's buildings for the Otaniemi Technical University in Espoo, Finland.

Page 3: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Turun Sanomat - 1927

Aalto designed this industrial building to house a newspaper and its printing facility in the city of Turku. The Concrete structure is influenced by the Art Deco style. This is evident in the column forms. The ceiling was sealed to give it a shiny finish.

Sanomat - Warehouse

Sanomat - Exterior

Page 4: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Turun Sanomat - 1927

The Lobby was sealed concrete & Plaster walls with tile floors. Again the Art Deco style comes through. This is one of the better concrete structures in all of Europe.

Sanomat - Warehouse

Sanomat – Office Lobby

Page 5: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Paimio Sanitorium - 1929 - 1933

In designing this hospital, Aalto began to look at the human condition. The design was based on how human’s heal. This was truly a case where form followed function. The Sprawling building stretches out & creates courtyards which allow natural light into all rooms. Nature blends its way from exterior to interior throughout this building with all of its roof decks. It was Aalto’s belief that nature was truly necessary to heal oneself.

Sanitorium – Exterior Sanitorium – Plan

Page 6: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Paimio Sanitorium - 1929 - 1933

Aalto also believed that bright colors made people feel better and be more active. Psychological tests proved this to be true. So the lobby was treated with Bright yellow walls and floor tiles to offset the white. Blue was used as an accent.

Sanitorium – Stair Sanitorium – lobby

Page 7: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Paimio Sanitorium - 1929 - 1933Aalto studied rigorously the effects of lighting & heating on the infirmed. The diagrams show the interplay of natural & artificial light. The beds designed by Aalto were designed to be flexible. The spaces were designed for being horizontal. The ceiling colors were darker to give the patient a more restful color to look at. Even the bent wood chair had its purpose. It was designed to put a person at the correct angle to enhance their breathing.

Sanitorium – chair Sanitorium – diagrams

Page 8: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Studied Architecture between 1916-1921 at the Technical University of Helsinki.

Used wood instead of metal for his furniture. • Started to produce his innovative plywood

chairs in the1930s, and create a new trend in use of plywood.• Built Paimio Sanatorium in Turku in 1930s• His ideas had a strong influence on designers

of the period such as Charles and Ray Eames.• Founded Artek, a furniture design

company in 1935 with his colleagues Harry and Marie Gullichsen.

Finlandia Hall• Designed the Villa Mairea, one of the admired buildings of modern architecture with

his perception of organic links between people, nature and buildings.

Page 9: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Seinajoki Town Hall

Enso-Gutzeit Headquarters

Headquarters for the White Guards

Page 10: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• His design philosophy was influenced by nature and organic materials, unlike other furniture of the same period with materials as tubular steel, which were quite modern at the time. • Designed vases with curvilinear

bases and straight sides for Savoy Restaurant – Turku• With his innovative designs and

natural forms he changed the course of design towards organic Modernism.

• The beauty of his work is hidden in his design approach of Functionalism but with a strong connection to the organic relationship between man, nature and buildings. • He coordinated these three

components and created a synthesis of life in materialized form.• He designed in very different scales –

ranging from buildings, town plans, furniture, glassware, jewellery and other forms of art.

DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES

Page 11: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

His design concepts were organic and using the human form.

His buildings and chairs were first prompted by the user.

The seats and handles were moulded to the human form.

Of all architectural furniture, his is the closest to humanity.

Alvar Aalto designed laminated timber furniture.

He saw that tubular steel lacked human qualities.

He used local Birchwood as a substitution for steel tubing.

ALVAR ALTO’S FURNITURE DESIGN

He concluded that standardization and mass production could not be sustained in Finland's small economy.

His chairs were the result of great study and investigation into, posture, laminated wood, aesthetic considerations and efficient mechanical methods of mass production.

Alvar Aalto’s furniture included: The Paimio Chair The Viipuri Stacking Stools Cantilevered Chair

Page 12: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

PAIMIO CHAIR Paimio Chair is said to have been

influenced by the curved contours of the Finnish lakes.

It is one of the most elegant modern chairs.

The frame is laminated birch bent into a closed curve with solid birch cross-rails.

The seat is molded from one piece of birch plywood.

The springy plywood fixed on a closed frame was Aalto’s brainstorm for making a wooden chair “soft”.

The Paimio Chair is constructed from both two dimensional molded plywood and laminated timber.

The curves are made by clamping layers of veneer and glue over a form to achieve the desired curved shapes.

Page 13: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

It was supported by cantilevered continuous arm and leg frame of laminated Birch plywood steam bent in the shape of a "C" and had horizontal braces to the back.

The frame was thicker from the front of the seat down as there was more stress on the frame there.

He constructed the frame with 7 layers of lamination and less for the arms and back as they required less reinforcement.

Interior of the Tuberculosis Sanatorium in Paimio

Page 14: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

VIIPURI STACKING STOOLS The Viipuri collection of furniture

complemented Aalto's forward thinking design.

The stacking stool - this was made up of only four wooden parts, three Aalto Legs and a round seat.

These three legged stools are versatile and functional

The stack ability means that they are ideal for large gathering areas with small storage spaces.

The legs were attached to the seat at 120 degree angles which meant they could interlock and stack easily.

They then take up a minimal storage space so are ideal for schools, meeting rooms or offices.

They were available in children and adult sizes.

The legs were varnished natural Birch timber and the seats were made from natural Birch timber, primary and white laminates.

Page 15: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Auditorium of the Viipuri Municipal Library

Page 16: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

CANTILEVERED CHAIR

Otherwise known as the Cantilever chair no.31; Made of Bent laminated and solid birch frame with bent plywood seat section; has a more subtle curved form.

Page 17: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Sofa 544 designed by Alvar Aalto (1932)

Lounge chair 43 designed by Alvar Aalto

Page 18: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Inspired by nature and made to Alvar Aalto's humanist design philosophy, the iconic form still proves to be as popular as it did when it was launched in 1937

The Savoy Vase or the Aalto Vase

Tea trolley by Alto

Page 19: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Chair 66 designed by  Alvar Aalto (1935)

Pendant lamp A110 desinged by Alvar Aalto (1952)

Page 20: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Pendant lamp A331

Armchair 401

Bench 153B

Interior of Academic Bookshop, Helsinki

Page 21: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Riihitie House, Helsinki 

Interior of a summer House

Interior of Finnish Pavilion 

Page 22: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Views of Villa Mairea, Finland – Built in the middle of a Pine Forest

Page 23: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Interior views of villa Mairea

The uneven patterning of poles stairs are designed to mimic the forests outdoors

Brick wall used as a sculptural element 

Page 24: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Villa Mairea - 1938 - 1941

One of Aalto’s most impressive buildings. In it Aalto combined many different materials to create diverse forms.

The Finish culture is extremely in tune with nature. Aalto’s work highlights this through the use of natural materials & Organic forms. Also design elements such as the pool and the rubble masonry wall add to the aesthetic.

Villa Mairea - Exterior Villa Mairea - Plan

Page 25: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

• Alvar Aalto (1898 – 1976)

• Villa Mairea - 1938 - 1941

Aalto uses wood ceilings and floors. The walls are plaster. All the furniture is designed by Aalto as well. Again, he likes to bring nature into the building. At the fireplace, Aalto carves out an opening that allows him to add a window and create a shelf. The form is as if it had been eroded away over time.

Villa Mairea - Entrance Villa Mairea – Living Room

Page 26: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

Interior views of villa Mairea

Page 27: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

HIS BULDINGS.

27

Page 28: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

AFTER MANY SECUSSES & AWARD .. AALTO'S DEAD IN 1976. AALTO'S AWARDS INCLUDED THE ROYAL GOLD MEDAL FOR ARCHITECTURE FROM THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS (1957) AND THE GOLD MEDAL FROM THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS (1963). HE WAS ELECTED A FOREIGN HONORARY MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES IN 1957.[ HE ALSO WAS A MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY OF FINLAND, AND WAS ITS PRESIDENT FROM 1963 TO 1968. FROM 1925 TO 1956 HE WAS A MEMBER OF THE CONGRÈS INTERNATIONAL D'ARCHITECTUREMODERNE.

Page 29: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

MEMORIALS• Aalto has been commemorated in a number of ways:

• Alvar Aalto is the eponym of the Alvar Aalto Medal, now considered one of world architecture's most prestigious awards.

• Aalto was featured in the 50 mk note in the last series of the Finnish markka (before its replacement by the Euro in 2002).

• The centenary of Aalto's birth in 1998 was marked in Finland not only by several books and exhibitions but also by the promotion of specially bottled red and white Aalto Wine and a specially-designed cup-cake.

• In the year of his death, 1976, Aalto was commemorated on a Finnish postage stamp.

• Aalto University, a new Finnish university (an amalgamation of Helsinki University of Technology, Helsinki School of Economics and TaiK) established in 2010, is named after Alvar Aalto.

• An Alvar Aallonkatu (Alvar Aalto Street) can be found in three different Finnish cities: Jyväskylä, Oulu and Seinäjoki. 29

Page 30: Alvar aalto@Micheal Abebe

•The End

30