ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY RESOURCESRESOURCES

PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BY

SAMPATH.NSAMPATH.N

SANJAI.RSANJAI.R

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYDEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERINGKARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

COIMBATORE-32COIMBATORE-32

ABSTRACTABSTRACT

Using more than one form of energy to Using more than one form of energy to meet needs is an important way to ensure meet needs is an important way to ensure long-term energy needs will be metlong-term energy needs will be met

Just as in ecosystem ecology, we find that Just as in ecosystem ecology, we find that Diversity = StabilityDiversity = Stability

Depending on only one form of energy Depending on only one form of energy leaves nation vulnerable to all sorts of leaves nation vulnerable to all sorts of problemsproblems

Drill to deep, hot rockDrill to deep, hot rock Either wet system where heated water Either wet system where heated water

belowground is usedbelowground is used

Dry system sends aboveground water Dry system sends aboveground water belowground to get heatedbelowground to get heated

Resulting steam can be used for a number Resulting steam can be used for a number of purposesof purposes

VARIOUS ENERGY RESOURCESVARIOUS ENERGY RESOURCES

SOLARSOLAR WINDWIND HYDRO POWERHYDRO POWER TIDAL POWERTIDAL POWER BIOMASSBIOMASS GEOTHERMALGEOTHERMAL

Solar PowerSolar Power

Electrical Power WindmillsElectrical Power Windmills

High speed, low High speed, low torque machinestorque machines

Will turn themselves Will turn themselves off if wind speed off if wind speed exceeds their limitsexceeds their limits

HydropowerHydropower

Electric Mechanical

Tidal PowerTidal Power

Biomass EnergyBiomass Energy

Geothermal EnergyGeothermal Energy

Solar PowerSolar Power

BenefitsBenefits AbundantAbundant No greenhouse No greenhouse

gases, few other gases, few other pollutantspollutants

Simple, minimal Simple, minimal repair neededrepair needed

Cheap over the long Cheap over the long termterm

DetrimentsDetriments Retrofitting needed if Retrofitting needed if

structure is not structure is not already designed as already designed as passive solarpassive solar

Has limitations, Has limitations, night, some night, some locations better such locations better such as south rather than as south rather than north facing slopesnorth facing slopes

Initial capital outlay Initial capital outlay can be highcan be high

Types of Solar PowerTypes of Solar Power

ActiveActive PassivePassive

Active Solar PowerActive Solar Power This also refers to This also refers to

electrical generation electrical generation using solar powerusing solar power

Two ways to do this are Two ways to do this are photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic cells and huge commercial huge commercial electric facilitieselectric facilities

This shows the diagram This shows the diagram for the house seen in for the house seen in the previous slide. The the previous slide. The PV panels are on the PV panels are on the roofroof

Passive Solar PowerPassive Solar Power

Works on the Works on the principle that hot air principle that hot air rises and cool air rises and cool air sinks (convection)sinks (convection)

Solar heats air and it Solar heats air and it moves through moves through convection through convection through the structure or to the structure or to thermal massthermal mass

Large-scale Solar Electric SiteLarge-scale Solar Electric Site

Large-scale Solar Electric SiteLarge-scale Solar Electric Site

These facilities use solar power to heat These facilities use solar power to heat water to form steam. The steam goes to water to form steam. The steam goes to generate electricity just as in fossil fuel or generate electricity just as in fossil fuel or nuclear electric plants.nuclear electric plants.

No release of air pollutantsNo release of air pollutants No electricity generated at nightNo electricity generated at night They They dodo work on cloudy days, though. work on cloudy days, though.

Wind powerWind power

Can be used for mechanical tasks, e.g. Can be used for mechanical tasks, e.g. pumping waterpumping water

Can be used for generation of electricity Can be used for generation of electricity for direct use or storage in batteriesfor direct use or storage in batteries

Effects of windpowerEffects of windpower

No greenhouse No greenhouse gasesgases

Few other pollutantsFew other pollutants CheapCheap AbundantAbundant SimpleSimple

Some noise Some noise pollutionpollution

Metal blades Metal blades interfere with TV & interfere with TV & radio receptionradio reception

Aesthetic pollutionAesthetic pollution No evidence for bird No evidence for bird

death, but can kill death, but can kill batsbats

Positive Negative

Mechanical Power WindmillsMechanical Power Windmills

High torque, low-High torque, low-speed to pump water, speed to pump water, grind grain, saw grind grain, saw woodwood

How hydropower worksHow hydropower works

Positive Effects of HydropowerPositive Effects of Hydropower

Can generate electricityCan generate electricity Can do mechanical work, e.g. grind grainCan do mechanical work, e.g. grind grain No greenhouse gasesNo greenhouse gases Initial construction provides jobsInitial construction provides jobs

Negative effects of HydropowerNegative effects of Hydropower

Flooding the land

Displacement of local inhabitants

Local climatic changes

Tectonic activities (Earthquakes)

Loss of species (aquatic & terrestrial)

Loss of normal nutrient flow down river

Changes temperature of water, too

Tidal PowerTidal Power

Essentially entails Essentially entails placing a dam across placing a dam across an ocean inlet and an ocean inlet and harnessing the harnessing the energy as water energy as water moves in and out with moves in and out with the tidesthe tides

Positive & negative Positive & negative effects are same as effects are same as hydropowerhydropower

Tidal dam

Biomass Pros & ConsBiomass Pros & Cons

Burning biomass gets Burning biomass gets rid of solid wasterid of solid waste

Creates energyCreates energy Creates new markets Creates new markets

for cropsfor crops

Burning biomass Burning biomass releases COreleases CO22 and and

other gases other gases associated with associated with combustioncombustion

Creates solid waste Creates solid waste from ashfrom ash

May cause more May cause more grasslands to be grasslands to be planted to corn planted to corn

Ethanol production: not Ethanol production: not environmentally benign environmentally benign

GEOTHERMAL USESGEOTHERMAL USES

Pros – Can be used for electricity Pros – Can be used for electricity generation, space heating, cooking & generation, space heating, cooking & low temperature industriallow temperature industrial

Pros – Inexpensive after initial outlayPros – Inexpensive after initial outlay Pros – No greenhouse gas emissionPros – No greenhouse gas emission Cons – same problems as we see with Cons – same problems as we see with

oil drillingoil drilling Cons – Localized distributionCons – Localized distribution

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

These are all the energy resources ,which These are all the energy resources ,which we are using in the day to day life.we are using in the day to day life.

In INDIA ,we are mostly using the hydro In INDIA ,we are mostly using the hydro power and wind energypower and wind energy

THANK YOU……..THANK YOU……..