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All Rights Reserved: JusticeExperts.com
JusticeXML
Defining a Framework in Justice Information for the 21st Century
All Rights Reserved: JusticeExperts.com
Data(What)
Function(How)
Network(Where)
People(Who)
Time(When)
Motivation (Why)
Objectives/Scope
List of things important to the enterprise
List of processes the enterprise performs
List of locations where the enterprise operates
List of organizational units
List of business events/cycles
List of business goals/strategies
Conceptual
(Owners’ View)
Entity relationship diagram
Business process model
Logistics network
Organization chart with roles, skill sets, security issues
Business master schedule
Business rules
Logical
(Architect’s View)
Data model Essential data flow diagram; application architecture
Distributed system architecture
Human interaction architecture (roles, data, access), security requirements
Dependency diagram, entity life history (process structure)
Business rule model
Physical
(Designer’s View)
Data architecture (tables and columns); map to legacy data
System design
System architecture (hardware, software types)
User interface (how the system will behave), security design
“control flow” diagram
Business rule design
Build & Implement(Programmer’s View)
Data design, physical storage design
Detailed Program Design
Network Architecture
Screens, security architecture (who can see what?)
Timing definitions
Rule specification in program logic
Functioning System
Converted data Executable programs
Communications facilities
Trained people, using the system
Business events
Enforced rules
D
A
T
A
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Understanding
Connectedness
InformationInformation
Relationships
IntelligenceIntelligence
Patterns
DataData
Data is Data
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Data that is wrapped around the data (markup):
Captures relationships/nuances of the dataCaptures relationships/nuances of the data
Carries transmission data Security/AuthenticationCarries transmission data Security/Authentication
Carries triggers for Business RulesCarries triggers for Business Rules
Makes itself technologically interoperable between Makes itself technologically interoperable between technologies sending and receiving (parsers)technologies sending and receiving (parsers)
MetadataMetadata: Data about Data
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MessageContent/Structure
TriggeringEvents
Definitions
StructureAttributes/Domain
CommonData
Technology
Data
DefinitionsStructuresAttributes
RelationshipsDomains
C riM N et P ro p e rt y ( E n t it y R ela t io n S u b j ec t A re a)
S A /2 00 1
M o n J u l 0 9, 2 00 1 1 6: 1 8
C om m en t
P re p ar ed b y T h e M A C R O G R O U P , In c . / L ab yrin t h C o n s u lt in g , In c .
P R O P E R T Y
E V ID E N C E C H A IN O F
C U S T O D Y
E V ID E N C E
D IS P O S IT IO N
IN D IV ID U A L
P R O P E R T YP R O P E R T Y
S T A T U S
E V ID E N C E
IM A G E
P R O P E R T Y
IM A G E
L IC E N S E
P L A T E
B O A T
P A R T
V E H IC L E
P A R T
A R T IC L E
C IT Y / T O W N
V E H IC L E
J E W E L R Y
S E C U R IT Y
G U NB O A T
G E M
S T A T E
m ay b eco m e
t r ac ke d v ia
ha s
ty pe o f
disp os ed of by
ha s
ha sha s
re gis te r
ho m e por t o f
co nt ain
re gis te r
ow n ed by
ty pe o f
Process
Events/Exchange PointsData Content
Business RulesDependencies/Constraints
TimingVolumes
Process Event Agency Condition DocumentReceiving Agency
Next Event
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If an incident report is filed. Arrest / Incident Report BCA Open File(s)
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If an incident report is filed AND a victim is involved.
Victim Record Victim Services Notify Victim
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement Individual has been identified AND is under supervision AND has violated conditions of supervision.
Arrest / Incident Report Probation / Supervising Agency
Update File(s) AND Schedule Court Appearance (Revocation Hearing)
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If evidence collected. AND If law enforcement determines that a crime has been committed.
Incident Integration Information
Court Open File(s)
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If evidence collected. AND If law enforcement determines that a crime has been committed.
Incident Integration Information
Prosecuting Attorney Prosecution Charging Decision
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If evidence collected. AND If law enforcement determines that a crime has been committed.
Property and Inventory Report
Prosecuting Attorney Prosecution Charging Decision
Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If evidence collected. AND If law enforcement determines that a crime has been committed.
Incident Integration Information/ Property and Inventory Report
BCA Open or Update File(s)
ServicesStandards
Operational RequirementsEnvironment
Network
EnterpriseArchitecture
Model
CJDN
Admin
Tools
AgencyAdapter
sServices
DeliveryServicesCustom
W eb
Portal
Services
Integration Broker
Transformation S
ervice
Mes
saging Service
Sec
urity Service
Mes
sage Content S
ervice
Administration Services
Cache Services
Cluster Services
Business Process Services
Registration L ocator
Event RequestRequ est Validation
Event Replication Message Routing
Transaction Management Event Logging
Multi-Broker Support
Data Management Service
Agency Hub SystemIMW S
Agency Hub SystemIMW S
Agency Hub SystemIMW S
CriMNetState Model
Metadata
IntegrationBackboneMetadata
TemporaryData Stores
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Why XML?Why XML?
A structured language for describing a document being sent electronic by one agency to another (e.g. Arrest/ Incident Report)
Sets a standard for exchanging a document electronically
Describes the data on the document
Establishes a template for the document including organization and layout
Uses the standard data definitions from the Data Model
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Why XML?
Document described can be forms, web pages, reports, rap sheets, etc.
Not limited to textual data – photographic images, fingerprint impressions, facsimile formats and other types of data can be included in the documents
XML is in a text format that can be read by people
XML is license-free, platform-independent and well-supported
Any XML specifications will be guided by W3C standards.
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Attorneys87 + ?
Local LE 87 + 600
Probation
87 + ?
Prisons
>100?
Jails
87 + ?
State & Fed LE
>12 ?
1100+ Agencies
1.4 MILLION Possible Interface Specs Courts
10?
87?
1?
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Jails
State & Fed LE
Local LE
Probation
Prisons Courts
Attorneys
10 512
2
11
6
x
1 Schema
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Purpose: Facilitate information sharing and integrated justice by reducing impediments, such as lack of standards, cost, and time.
Why a Justice XML Data Model?
Why a Justice XML Data Model?
XML: A set of rules that specify syntax for information exchange.
Justice XML: Extends XML to the justice and public safety communities by providing a standard vocabulary and semantic building blocks, which can be reused and extended by practitioner, integrator, and vendor communities.
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Why XML?Why XML?
A structured language for describing a document being sent electronic by one agency to another (e.g. Arrest/ Incident Report)
Sets a standard for exchanging a document electronically
Describes the data on the document
Establishes a template for the document including organization and layout
Uses the standard data definitions from the Data Model
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Why XML?
Document described can be forms, web pages, reports, rap sheets, etc.
Not limited to textual data – photographic images, fingerprint impressions, facsimile formats and other types of data can be included in the documents
XML is in a text format that can be read by people
XML is license-free, platform-independent and well-supported
Any XML specifications will be guided by W3C standards.
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XML Object RepositoryXML Object Repository
W3C XML SchemaW3C XML Schema
Support Data ComponentsSupport Data Components
Simple ComponentsSimple Components
Complex ComponentsComplex Components
Document / TransactionsDocument / Transactions
SEARCH Justice InfoExchange Model (JIEM)SEARCH Justice Info
Exchange Model (JIEM)
ReconcileData
Dictionary(RDD)
RequirementsMethodologyFormal Rules
Ref ArchitectureStandards
RequirementsMethodologyFormal Rules
Ref ArchitectureStandards
ArrestWarrant.xsdArrestWarrant.xsd
IncidentReport.xsdIncidentReport.xsd
SentenceOrder.xsdSentenceOrder.xsd
ChargeDoc.xsdChargeDoc.xsd
RapSheet.xsdRapSheet.xsd
DriverHistory.xsdDriverHistory.xsd
RISSIntel.xsdRISSIntel.xsd
CourtFiling.dtdCourtFiling.dtd
CriMNet
InfoTech
Justice XMLData Dictionary
Schema andRegistry
Justice XMLData Dictionary
Schema andRegistry
Other DDs&
Data Sets
DocumentSpec.xsdDocumentSpec.xsdDocumentSpec.xsdDocumentSpec.xsd
OtherDocSpecs.xsdOtherDocSpecs.xsdOtherDocSpecs.xsdOtherDocSpecs.xsd
Justice Standard XML Data Dictionary
Schema
Justice Standard XML Data Dictionary
Schema
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Core Data ModelCore Data Model
PersonPerson
OrganizationOrganization PropertyProperty
MetadataMetadata
LocationLocationContact InfoContact Info
ActivityActivityDocumentDocument
relationships
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RelationshipsRelationships
• Visual representation • Pattern matching• Search templates• Belief networks• Represent uncertainty• Event prediction
Template (known pattern)
Discoveredpattern
owns
sold
son_of
witnessed
What Can You Do with Global Relationships?
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XMLXML
HTMLHTML
EXtensible Markup Language = syntax
HyperText Markup Language = presentation
HTTPHTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol = presentation
TCP/IPTCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol= network transmission protocols
DAML+OILDAML+OIL
RDF / RDFSRDF / RDFS
DARPA Agent Markup Language+ Ontology Inference Layer= semantics / inferencing
Resource Description Framework and RDF Schema = relationships
* Knowledge
Layers Knowledge
Layers
Intel AgentsIntel Agents
Intelligent software agents = decision / action
Semantic Web
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Doc.xsdDoc.xsd
IncidentRpt
IncidentRpt
BookingRpt
BookingRpt Charge
DocCharge
Doc
CaseFile
CaseFile
ArrestWarrantArrest
WarrantArrest
RptArrest
Rpt
ProtectOrder
ProtectOrder
SentenceOrder
SentenceOrder
ActivityActivity
PersPers
LocLoc
CntCnt
PropPropOrgOrg
??????
DocDocRelateRelate
IncidentIncident
ActivityActivity
InvestigateInvestigate
ArrestArrest
BookBook ConfineConfine
ProsecuteProsecute
IndictIndict AdjudicateAdjudicate SentenceSentence
IncarcerateIncarcerate
BondBond
SuperviseSupervise
ReleaseRelease
ChargeCharge
PardonPardonParoleParole
FineFine
Typical Activity ObjectsTypical Activity Objects
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Person Object
Case Object
Offense Object
Header
Disposition Object
Commitment Object
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It is FREE!Reduction in implementation costBased on standards and practitioner user requirementsBroad domain: Courts, law enforcement, corrections, prosecution, intelligence, first respondersExtensibility and flexibilityPromotes reusable componentsOJP tools to help justice practitioners
XML: BenefitsXML: Benefits
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NIEM
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NIEM
NIEM Steering Committee NIEM Steering Committee
NIEM (tactical) NIEM (tactical)
Global XSTF Global XSTF
Core
U-Core
NIEM 1.0
1.01.0
NIEM National Governance
HomelandSecurity
DMWG
Other
Continue with GJXDM as isContinue with GJXDM as is
GJXDM GJXDM3.N3.N
Justice domain+ NIEM impact
Justice domain+ NIEM impact
evaluate for:
XSTF
Justice
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NIEM
Lessons
learned
Lessons
learned
New
requirements
New
requirements
Tech
nolo
gy
inse
rtio
n
Tech
nolo
gy
inse
rtio
n
Feedback
Feedback
NIEM Steering CommitteeNIEM Steering Committee
Global XSTFGlobal XSTF
GJXDM (operational) GJXDM (operational)
NIEM (tactical) NIEM (tactical)
Requirements from Global domainRequirements from Global domain
Requirements fromDHS + DoJ domainRequirements fromDHS + DoJ domain
ATFE, ICEcontent
3.0.03.0.0 3.0.23.0.2 3.1.03.1.03.0.33.0.3 3.N3.N
0.10.1
initializeand ID Core
set-upexperimental
test bedExplore good ideas: new metadata, scope/context, taxonomies/categories, federated NIEM repository, additional domains, Web Service interfaces, collaborative tools, OWL representation, …
U.S. Marshals, BTSService content
other content, features, capabilities as appropriate
0.20.2 0.N0.N 1.01.0
NIEM (strategic)NIEM (strategic)
Key Decision Points(KDP’s)
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GJXDMGJXDM
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
GJXDMGJXDM
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
Object StructureObject StructureObject StructureObject Structure
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Basic Concepts & TerminologyBasic Concepts & Terminology
XML schema: Concept: Type •
Object/Class Element • Property
XML instance: Reality: TagName • Instance of Class Value of TagName • Value of Property
XML Types define data
structure XML Elements define data
semantics
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Object-Oriented Methodology:Building an Class Hierarchy
Object-Oriented Methodology:Building an Class Hierarchy
Last NameLast Name
First NameFirst Name
Middle InitialMiddle Initial
HairColor…HairColor…
and
PersonType
PersonType
PersonType
PersonType
SubjectType
SubjectType
JudicialType
JudicialType
LETypeLE
Type
JudgeType
JudgeType
AttorneyType
AttorneyType
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Named Types vs. Elements Named Types vs. Elements
Question: Why define standard named types?
Answer: At times you will want to compare (similar) object instances with different semantic meanings but with same syntax and structure. If they are of the same type then you can easily compare or operate on them.
Example: ArrestDate and ReleaseDate have different semantic meaning. But it is easier to compute a time interval between them if they are both of the same data type (date).
Question: Why define standard elements?
Answer: To discourage different element names for the same data concept (instance type). You want to recognize semantically equivalent elements (that have same meaning).
Also, enables you to define standard relationships and relate data objects more easily.
Examples: Are SentencingOrder and DispositionOrder the same?How can software understand the difference between OrganizationID and AgencyID?
Question: Why is inheritance useful?
Answer: Organizes objects by their common properties (elements).Allows software to treat objects with common properties in a uniform way.Object types may share a common definition (eliminates duplicate definitions).Extension mechanism for adding new properties is intuitive (the way we think).
Example: Can treat all “conveyances” (vehicles) in a uniform way.
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Object Model ExampleObject Model Example
SuperTypeSuperType
PersonTypePersonType
BirthDateBirthDate
LastNameLastName
OrganizationTypeOrganizationType
FirstNameFirstName
MissingPersonTypeMissingPersonType
AgencyTypeAgencyType
SuspectPersonTypeSuspectPersonType
CriminalOrgTypeCriminalOrgType
ConveyanceTypeConveyanceType
LocationTypeLocationType
ArrestDateArrestDate
MetaDataItem1MetaDataItem1
ff
ee
ii
bb
MissingDateMissingDate
cc
hh
dd
gg
kk
AddressTypeAddressType
aa
BB
AA
DD
CC
is_a
is_a
is_a
has_a
is_a
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SuperType
Person Object SubclassesPerson Object Subclasses
Types (NOT Elements); many elements can and willbe defined with these types
Types (NOT Elements); many elements can and willbe defined with these types
PersonType
ParticipantType OfficialType
IS-A
SubjectType JudicialOfficerTypeEnforcementOfficerType
IS-A
IS-A
IS-A
PersonLastNamePersonFirstNamePersonMiddleNamePersonBirthDatePersonPhysicalDescriptionPersonSocialIdentifiersPersonBiometricAttributesPersonContactInformation…
PersonLastNamePersonFirstNamePersonMiddleNamePersonBirthDatePersonPhysicalDescriptionPersonSocialIdentifiersPersonBiometricAttributesPersonContactInformation…
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AddressTypeAddressType
Address Object ExampleAddress Object Example
CourtAddressTypeCourtAddressType
JusticePersAddressTypeJusticePersAddressType
DefenseAddressTypeDefenseAddressType
ProsecutorAddressTypeProsecutorAddressType
<DefAttnyName><DefAttnyName>
<AgencyName><AgencyName>
<CourtName><CourtName>
<ProAttnyName><ProAttnyName>
Type namescarry generic structural and classification
semantics
Type namescarry generic structural and classification
semantics
<JudgeAddress><JudgeAddress>
to parent
<SubjectAddress><SubjectAddress>
<VictimAddress><VictimAddress>
<WitnessAddress><WitnessAddress>
<POBoxNo><StreetDirection><StreetNo><StreetName><StreetType><ApartmentNo><City><State><ZipCode>
<POBoxNo><StreetDirection><StreetNo><StreetName><StreetType><ApartmentNo><City><State><ZipCode>
Element names carry specific
semantics
Element names carry specific
semantics
type_of
has_a
is_a
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Extension of the Class Hierarchy:Example in XML Schema
Extension of the Class Hierarchy:Example in XML Schema
<xsd:complexType name=“MissingPersonType”><xsd:complexContent><xsd:extension base=“PersonType”><xsd:sequence><xsd:element name=“MissingDate” type=“xsd:date”/>
</xsd:sequence></xsd:extension>
</xsd:complexContent></xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name=“PersonType”><xsd:sequence><xsd:element name=“LastName” type=“xsd:string”/><xsd:element name=“FirstName” type=“xsd:string”/> <xsd:element name=“BirthDate” type=“xsd:date”/>
</xsd:sequence></xsd:complexType>
is_a
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SuperType
Other Object SubclassesOther Object Subclasses
LocationTypeDocumentType
ContactInformationType
IS-A
IncidentType
SentenceType
DispositionType
_______Type_______Type_______Type_______Type(activity)Type
ArrestType
. . . . . .
IS-A IS-A
There is no single Activity object. … Instead, there are many
activity/event/process -like objects available for building schemas.
There is no single Activity object. … Instead, there are many
activity/event/process -like objects available for building schemas.
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Five Dimensions of the SEARCH Justice Information Exchange Model (JIEM)
Five Dimensions of the SEARCH Justice Information Exchange Model (JIEM)
1. Processes in action (state)
2. Events that trigger exchange
3. Agencies exchanging
4. Conditions of exchange
5. Information exchanged:
• Documents
• Data Sets
• Data Elements
The starting point for Activity objects …
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Doc.xsdDoc.xsd
IncidentRpt
IncidentRpt
BookingRpt
BookingRpt Charge
DocCharge
Doc
CaseFile
CaseFile
ArrestWarrantArrest
WarrantArrest
RptArrest
Rpt
ProtectOrder
ProtectOrder
SentenceOrder
SentenceOrder
ActivityActivity
PersPers
LocLoc
CntCnt
PropPropOrgOrg
??????
DocDocRelateRelate
IncidentIncident
ActivityActivity
InvestigateInvestigate
ArrestArrest
BookBook ConfineConfine
ProsecuteProsecute
IndictIndict AdjudicateAdjudicate SentenceSentence
IncarcerateIncarcerate
BondBond
SuperviseSupervise
ReleaseRelease
ChargeCharge
PardonPardonParoleParole
FineFine
Typical Activity ObjectsTypical Activity Objects
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JusticeXMLJusticeXML
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
JusticeXMLJusticeXML
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
Semantic NamingSemantic NamingSemantic NamingSemantic Naming
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ISO Standard 11179Data Element Naming Syntax
ISO Standard 11179Data Element Naming Syntax
VehicleOdometerBrandCode
Object Class Term(leftmost)
Property Term(follows object class term)
Representation Term(rightmost)
Qualifier Term(s)(as necessary)
BrandPhysical Name(table column name from a DB)
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JusticeXMLJusticeXML
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
JusticeXMLJusticeXML
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
RelationshipsRelationshipsRelationshipsRelationships
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ObjectTypeObjectType
SubjectTypeSubjectType
Property Property Has-Subject
Has-Object
XML schema:<complexType name=“PersonNameType”><sequence><element name=“PersonLastName” type=“string”/><element name=“PersonFirstName” type=“string”/>
</sequence></complexType><element name=“PersonName” type=“PersonNameType”/>
XML instance:<PersonName><PersonLastName>Kindl</PersonLastName><PersonFirstName>Mark</PersonFirstName>
</PersonName>
Conceptual Data Model Represented by Justice Data Dictionary Database
Conceptual Data Model Represented by Justice Data Dictionary Database
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stringTypestringType
PersonLastName PersonLastName Obj
Conceptual Data Model Represented by Justice Data Dictionary Database
Conceptual Data Model Represented by Justice Data Dictionary Database
PersonNameTypePersonNameType
PersonTypePersonType
PersonName PersonName Subj
Obj
XML schema:<complexType name=“PersonNameType”><sequence><element name=“PersonLastName” type=“string”/><element name=“PersonFirstName” type=“string”/>
</sequence></complexType><element name=“PersonName” type=“PersonNameType”/>
stringTypestringType
PersonFirstName PersonFirstName Obj
Subj
Subj
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JusticeXMLJusticeXML
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
JusticeXMLJusticeXML
Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary
Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0
EnumerationsEnumerationsEnumerationsEnumerations
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SECTION 1 -- OUTER HULL MATERIAL (HUL) FIELD CODESThe code from the list below that best describes the material of which the boat’s outer hull is made should be entered in the HUL Field.Material CodeMetal (aluminum, steel, etc.) MLPlastic (fiberglass, uniglass, etc.) PLWood (cedar, plywood, fir, etc.) WDOther OT
<BoatHullMaterialText code=“ML” source=“NCIC” version=“2000”>Rusted Iron
</BoatHullMaterialText>
XML Instance
One Method of ImplementingExternal Enumerations (codes)
One Method of ImplementingExternal Enumerations (codes)
NCIC 2000
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The Conflict
The dictionary needs to be large Many different users to support Many different Justice domains to support
The full JXDD schema is too large Problems with loading and validation Elements are over-inclusive Must import entire JXDDS to use
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The Solution: Customized Sub-Schemas
A comprehensive set of schemas Allows you to specify what you choose to import
from the dictionary Incorporates local element and type definitions Can result in a complete set of schemas for a
document or report
Establishes a set of guidelines for making customizations
Designed to tailor the JXDD to individual user needs.
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</Intro><Ident>
<Name><Lname>Simpson</
Lname><Fname>Homer</Fname><Mname>M</
Mname><Suffix>Jr</Suffix></Name><Name>
<Lname>Home</Lname><Fname></Fname><Mname></Mname>
<Suffix></Suffix></Name><FBI>62660NY12</FBI><SID>NY12345678></SID><SocSecNr>220565860</SocSecNr>
Case Object
Header
Name Object
Offense Object
Disposition Object
Commitment Object
What is XML?What is XML?
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W3C Schema SpecificationW3C Schema Specification
JusticeXML Schema.xsdJusticeXML Schema.xsd
Arrest Warrant.xsd Arrest Warrant.xsd
Arrest Warrant.xml Arrest Warrant.xml
Applications Code Applications Code
Document schema
Document instanceLocal Ext.xsd Local Ext.xsd
Local Ext.xml Local Ext.xml
XML Schema Reference Hierarchy
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Reference ArchitectureW3C XMLSchema
W3C XMLSchema
SupportTypes
SupportTypes
Local_Instance.xmlLocal_Instance.xmlStandard_Instance.xmlStandard_Instance.xml
ElementNames
ElementNames
EntityTypesEntityTypes
xmlns:justice
xmlns:xsd
xmlns:xsi
W3C XMLInstance
W3C XMLInstance
xmlns:local
Standard Tag NamesStandard
Tag Names
Data Typesthat do not fit into the class
hierarchy
Data Typesthat do not fit into the class
hierarchy
Primary Data Model -- Class Hierarchy
Primary Data Model -- Class Hierarchy
import+ ns ref
namespace refs
ns ref
Document Typese.g. Arrest WarrantDocument Types
e.g. Arrest WarrantLocal
ExtensionLocal
Extension
import+ ns ref
import+ ns ref
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XML Messages
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XML Messages