all organisms need energy why do we need energy? to grow to move to reproduce etc
TRANSCRIPT
All organisms need energy
Why do we need energy?
To Grow
To Move
To Reproduce
ETC.
Respiration provides energy from food
The energy carrier of all cells
ATP PRODUCTION
Intermediate Electron Carriers:Nads and fads
NADH
Nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide
NAD + H NADH
FADH2
Flavin adenine dinucleotide
FAD + 2H FADH2
• Aerobic respiration requires oxygen
• Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen
Anaerobic Respiration• No oxygen is needed.• Some small organisms do this.• Other cells that do this include
human muscle cells during times of low oxygen.
• Fermentation often follows.• Glycolysis occurs in all cells.• Provides only a little energy – 2 ATP net gain.
NEEDS
2 ATP
1 GLUCOSE
2 NAD
4 ADP+4P
RELEASES
2adp + 2p
2 PYRUVATE
2 NADh
4 ATP
• Occurs in cytoplasm of all cells.• Breaks down glucose incompletely.• Provides the cell with a net gain of only
2 ATP.• Is often followed by fermentation.
anAerobic Respiration (Glycolysis) can be
followed by Fermentation
• Muscle cells – further break down pyruvate into lactic acid – but this doesn’t provide any additional ATP. – Lactic acid is toxic and causes muscle aches.
When the physical exertion ends (you collapse), your body will clear itself of the toxins.
Yeast carry out Alcoholic Fermentation
• After glycolysis, yeast further breaks down pyruvate to CO2 and alcohol. – The CO2 bubbles off (making bread rise and
bubbles in drinks).
– The alcohol is given off by the yeast as a waste.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + ATP
Aerobic Respiration Equation
Aerobic Respiration has three major steps
• 1
• 2
• 3 34-36 ATP
The Krebs Cycle
Needs
2 FAD
6 NAD
Pyruvate
2ADP + 2P
RELEASES
2 FADH2
6 NADH
CO2
2ATP
Electron Transport chain (ETc)
Occurs on the cristae of the
mitochondrion
The Electron Transport chain
Needs
2 FADH2
10 NADH
O2
ADP + P
Releases
FAD
NAD
H2O
Up to 34 ATP
Final ATP TallyStage NADH FADH2 ATP Yield
Glycolysis 2 2Pyruvic acid conversion
2
Krebs cycle 6 2 2ETC 10 32-34Loss due to active transport
-2
Total ATP 36-38
Respiration provides Energy from food so we
can:
The end