all organisms are composed of cells which carry on the many functions needed to sustain life
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ALL organisms are composed of cells which carry on the many functions needed to sustain life. Cells are the fundamental unit of life Plants and animals are made of cells. Functions of life. Division-performed by cells to produce more cells Taking in nutrients Releasing waste - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ALL organisms are composed of cells which carry on the many functions needed to sustain life.
• Cells are the fundamental unit of life• Plants and animals are made of cells
Functions of life
• Division-performed by cells to produce more cells
• Taking in nutrients• Releasing waste• Using energy to do work• Producing materials the organism needs
One-celled organisms must contain parts to carry out all life functions.amoeba
One-celled organism parts:Bacteria
One-celled: paramecium
Multicellular organisms have specialized cells that perform different functions.
• These cells join together to form tissues that give organs their structure and enable organs to perform specialized functions within organ systems.
• Structures of specialized cells (like nerve & muscle) relate to the function that cell performs.
• Tissues that make up organs relate to the function the organ performs (heart valves control blood, air sacs in lungs maximize surface area for gas tranfer
• Components and functions or digestive, circulatory, and respiratory systems in humans interact.
Plant & Animal cells carry on life functions, so they have parts in common:
• Nuclei• Cytoplasm• Cell membranes• Mitochondria
PLANTS ONLY: • Chloroplasts• Cell wall
Plant cells
Plant cell parts
Animal cells
Animal cell parts
Levels of Organization
Organism
Specialized Cells
Nerve Cells
Blood Cells
Chemical Compounds in CellsElementssmallest
unit=atom
Compounds: smallest
unit=molecule
Inorganic Compounds
Organic Compounds contain carbon
Carbohydrates: energy
Starches: bread,
potatoes
Sugars: fruit, sweets
Proteins Made ofAmino acids
Include enzymes
Lipids=fats
Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
Movement Across the Cell membrane
substances move across the cell membrane
active transport
requires energy
passive transport
diffusion:high to low
concentrationosmosis-water