alkanes ==general overview
TRANSCRIPT
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ALKANES•GENERAL FORMULA•MOLECULAR FORMULA•STRUCTURAL FORMULA•NAME OF EACH MEMBER
•Physical properties•Chemical properties
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ALKANES
•GENERAL FORMULA•MOLECULAR FORMULA•STRUCTURAL FORMULA•NAME OF EACH MEMBER
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4CH
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62HC
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83HC
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104HC
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125HC
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146HC
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167HC
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188HC
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209HC
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2210HC
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Naming alkanes• Identify the stem
• Identify the branch (if any)
• Put numbering on the main chain
• Name the branch first, then the stem
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1 2 3
propane
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1 2 3 4
n-butane
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1 2 3 4 5
n-pentane
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Naming alkanes• Identify the stem
• Identify the branch (if any)
• Put numbering on the main chain
• Name the branch first, then the stem
![Page 18: Alkanes ==general overview](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022052400/55a13cf51a28abbf468b486b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
12345
2- methylpentane
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1 2 3 4 5
2,4- dimethylpentane
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ALKANES
•PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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ALKANES•CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
COMBUSTION
SUBSTITUTION REACTION
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SUBSTITUTION REACTION
Example:Reaction of methane with chlorine in the presence of UV
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Cl
Cl
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Equation
Step 1
CH4 + Cl2 ---------> CH3Cl + HCl
step 2
CH3Cl + Cl2 -------> CH2Cl2 + HCl
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Equation
Step 3
CH2Cl2 + Cl2 ---------> CHCl3 + HCl
step 4
CHCl3 + Cl2 -------> CCl4 + HCl
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Cl
Cl
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ALKANES•CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
COMBUSTIONExample :
Methane burns in air
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C
H
H
H
H
C H H
H H
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equation
OHCOOCH 2224 22 +→+
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