alison hawkingradiation.ppt [repaired]

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Hawking Radiation Alison Harmon

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Page 1: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Hawking Radiation Alison Harmon

Page 2: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]
Page 3: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Metrics

l  Flat space-time l  Schwarzschild

Page 4: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Eddington–Finkelstein Coordinates

l  Ingoing: l  Outgoing:

Page 5: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Eddington–Finkelstein Light Cone Diagram

Page 6: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Conservation Laws

l  Classically: -  Energy conservation, momentum conservation, etc.

l  In General Relativity: -  Conserved quantities are attained through observed

symmetries in different space-times

Page 7: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

No-Hair Theorem

l  "black holes have no hair" - John Wheeler l  Hair as a metaphor for information l  Black holes are perfectly defined by 3

characteristics: -  Mass -  Charge -  Angular momentum

l  No mathematical proof

Page 8: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Black Hole Information Paradox

l  Main problem: -  Quantum mechanically, the past and present of a system

is governed by its wave equation and how that wave equation evolves

l  Accepted idea: -  Information is always preserved

l  Problem: -  Information is “lost” once is crosses the event horizon of a

black hole

Page 9: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Hawking Radiation

l  Proposed by Stephen Hawking in 1974 l  Reduces mass and energy of a black hole

Page 10: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Particle/Anti-Particle Creation

Page 11: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Temperature

l  Temperature of a black hole decreases when it gain mass and increases when mass is radiated away

l  Temperature of the CMB: -  2.73 K

l  Temperature of a black hole as a black body: -  T = (6 x 10-8) M

l  Therefore, black holes gain energy from the CMB

Page 12: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Thorne–Hawking–Preskill Bet

l  Made in 1974 on the black hole information paradox l  Hawking/Thorne: the information radiating from

black holes was new l  Preskill: the information radiating related to what

was inside the black hole l  Hawking conceded in 1997 l  Bought Preskill a baseball encyclopedia

Page 13: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Observations and Experiments

l  Too small to observe directly on a laboratory scale l  LHC/CERN could produce MBH's (Micro Black

Holes) which radiate more l  Sonic black holes using perfect fluid and sound

vibrations

Page 14: Alison HawkingRadiation.ppt [Repaired]

Observed!

l  September 2010 l  Franco Belgiorno at the University of Milan l  White hole: a horizon beyond which light can't

penetrate l  Ultrashort laser pulse filaments l  Different wavelength going in and coming out l  … probably not Hawking radiation though.