al'hanet: world’s first wireless &etwork · 2020. 11. 26. · vol. 56 no. 10 servi&g 2000...
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VOL. 56 NO. 10 SERVING 2000 ENGINEERS DECEMBER, 2020
ALOHAnet: World’s First Wireless Network
continued on Page 5
On October 13, 2020, Hawaii celebrated theinstallation of its fourth IEEE Milestone (for theALOHAnet) with the world.
Hawaii established a significant first with thiscelebration: The first IEEE Milestone to bevirtually broadcast worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
IEEE established the Electrical EngineeringMilestones program in 1983 to honor significantachievements in the history of electrical andelectronics engineering.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Universityof Hawaii at Manoa College of Engineeringdecided on two ceremonies to recognizeALOHAnet: a Fall 2020 virtual installationceremony and a June 2021 mini symposiumphysical ceremony to commemorate the 50thanniversary of the initial ALOHAnet broadcast inJune 1971.
Dr. Brennon Morioka, Dean of the University ofHawaii at Manoa College of Engineering servedas Master of Ceremonies and speakers for theALOHAnet Installation ceremony were:
• Dr. David Lassner; President of the Universityof Hawaii;
• State of Hawaii Governor David Ige;
• Dr. Norman Abramson, co-PI for ALOHAnet;
• Dr. Franklin Kuo, co -PI for ALOHAnet;
• Kathy Land, IEEE President-Elect.
With the exception of Gov. Ige, all of thespeakers are IEEE Fellows or Senior Members.
The video recording of the October 13, 2020ALOHAnet Installation Ceremony may beaccessed at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moqUIww_fqQ&feature=emb_rel_end.
The official University of Hawaiicommunications site has an article that has therecognition attributed to the University of HawaiiCollege of Engineering and its graduates:https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2020/10/13/alohanet-honored-as-engineering-milestone/.
An excerpt from Dr. Vinton Cerf, Google’s chiefinternet evangelist and “Father of the Internet”:
“The University of Hawai’i is the gift that keepson giving, and it has been giving for 50 years andmore,” Cerf said. “We benefit from that. Imaginethe industries that have grown up around peoplewho have learned skills from the University ofHawaiʻi.”
Peer recognition of ALOHAnet and its co-Principal Investigators, Dr. Norman Abramsonand Dr. Franklin Kuo during the VirtualInstallation Ceremony included:
• Dr. Vinton Cerf “Father of the Ethernet”
• Dr. Robert Metcalfe “Father of Ethernet”. BobMetcalfe actually studied under Dr. Abramson atthe University of Hawaii College of Engineeringfor a month while a graduate student at HarvardUniversity. He took the ALOHA protocol andimproved it to build Collision Sense MultipleAccess/Collision Detect (CSMA/CD) for Ethernetwhile at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center(PARC). In fact, he originally named Ethernet,“Altos Aloha Network”.
• Dr. Robert Kahn at the time was the Directorat ARPA/IPTO stated, “The ALOHA system wasto packet radio like the original timesharingcomputer was to Arpanet”.
ALOHAnet consisted of three parts andestablished a number of firsts incommunications, networking, and radio. Thethree components of the ALOHAnet (aka ALOHASystem) were:
• ALOHA protocol
O Random access-based packet protocol
• ALOHA System
o Comprised of a mainframe computer, remoteterminals, terminal connection units, and radioequipment in the first star, or hub-and-spokeconfiguration and to use a shared accessmedium.
• ALOHAnet
o Comprised of the ALOHA protocol and theALOHA System.
o Acronym for "Additive Links On-line HawaiiArea network".
Prior to the ALOHA protocol, there was noexisting packet-switching or packet-basedprotocols. This is the reason that Bob Metcalfecame to the University of Hawaii College ofEngineering to study under Dr. NormanAbramson.
Prior to the ALOHA system, mainframecomputers (PCs were at least a decade away)were connected to one another via dedicated,leased telephone lines or dedicated satellitecircuits, not a broadcast technology that isinherent to radio.
Prior to the ALOHAnet, there were nocomputer networks. ARPAnet becameoperational in 1975; ARPAnet computer-computer connections or nodes, werededicated, leased telephone lines.
Prior to the ALOHAnet the concept of sharedmedium access did not exist. Radio is inherentlya shared access medium.
Prior to the ALOHAnet, there were no wirelesscomputer communications. The Department ofDefense allowed ALOHAnet to utilize anexperimental UHF frequency.
Other significant firsts for the ALOHAnetincluded:
• Established and operated a UHF terrestrialdata network within the state of Hawaii byDecember 1971.
• December 1972.
o The University of Hawaii at Manoa IBM 360mainframe became the first ARPAnet node to beconnected via satellite. This allowed connectivitybetween ALOHAnet and ARPAnet.
• 1973.
Dr. Franklin Kuo and Dr. Norman Abramson attended the Milestoneceremony virtually.
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The “HCES Lifetime Achievement Award(LTAA)” is provided annually to recognize thelifetime achievements of an outstanding retiredengineer and is bestowed upon this individual whohas contributed significantly to the development ofengineering in the State of Hawaii, and who hasmade a noteworthy impact to the local engineeringcommunity. This award will be presented at theHCES Engineers Week Banquet on 20 Feb 2021.
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2020-2021 ASCE Hawaii Section OfficersPresident: Dayna Nemoto-Shima, P.E. email: [email protected]: Clifford Lum, P.E. email: [email protected] Pres.: Reyn Hashiro, P.E. email: [email protected]: Eric Tomishima, P.E. email: [email protected]: Sheila Uyeoka, P.E. email: [email protected] Pres.: Jason Kage, P.E. email: [email protected] Pres.: Carly Kaneko, P.E. email: [email protected]
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2021 Board of Directors NomineesNominees for the 2021 SEAOH Board of
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Voting will be conducted electronicallythrough the new Wild Apricot membershipapplication with instructions sent via email.
Membership Applications• Student membership applications fromJessica Lee, Jacob Passoff, and Luke Withy-Berry have been approved.
• An Associate membership application hasbeen received from Patricia Paulino of MKEAssociates. Please contact any SEAOH BoardMember by December 31, 2020 to filecomments regarding the application.
Next Meeting on December 2, 2020. Forinformation, contact SEAOH President DannyFujioka.
2019-2020 ITE OfficersPresident: Jennylyn Tapat
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HOME PAGE: http://hi.swe.orgEMAIL: [email protected]: www.facebook.com/swe.hawaiianislands
2019-2020 SWE Hawaiian Islands (SWE-HI)Section OfficersPresident: Dian Nguyen, [email protected] President: Andrea Mansfeld, [email protected]: Kristen Yoshida, [email protected]: Chi Jow, [email protected]
The mission of the Society of Women Engineers isto empower women to achieve full potential in careersas engineers and leaders, expand the image of theengineering and technology as a positive force inimproving the quality of life, and demonstrate thevalue of diversity and inclusion.
$50k Endowment Celebrates Hawaii’s FirstWoman EngineerBy Shawnja and Erin Yamaguchi
New� Scholarship� honors� one� legacy� andcreates�opportunities�for�new�ones
The Hawaiian IslandsSection (SWE-HI) of theSociety of WomenEngineers (SWE) isexcited to announce a$50,000 endowment fundwith our “first”scholarship to beawarded August 2021.
The Mae NakataniNishioka ScholarshipFund is an annual awardmanaged by the HawaiiCommunity Foundation
on behalf of SWE-HI. This scholarship is opento Hawaii residents pursuing a STEM career andidentifies as women, non-binary, transgender,two-spirit, and/or third gender.
This honors the legacy of Masako “Mae”Nakatani Nishioka, the humble and steadfast“girl” who in 1954 became the first womangraduate from the University of Hawai‘i atMānoa College of Engineering. Mae understoodthat gender parity is powerful. She lovedmentoring students and sharing her passionwith professionals in engineering andtechnology. She continues to pave the way byinspiring other students to create their ownlegacy.
From the government to the boardroom, 2020was the year people of all races and gendertook to the streets to educate the nation onsystematic inequality. In Hawaii, more than 66years earlier, that “girl” bravely broke glassceilings that are still being broken today.
ABOUT THE FUNDSociety of Women Engineers (SWE HI)Scholarship Fund in Honor of Mae NakataniNishioka
This fund, in honor of Mae Nakatani Nishiokaand started in 2020, is for women majoring inengineering and technology. Requirements:
• Be a resident of the State of Hawaii
• Demonstrate financial need
• Be in good academic standing bymaintaining a minimum cumulative GPA of 2.0
• Student intending to study or enrolled in an
engineering or technology field.
• Undergraduate or graduate degree seekingstudent.
• Attending a 2 or 4-year institution
• Woman or other underrepresented gender inengineering or technology field, including, butnot limited to: women, non-binary, transgender,two-spirit, and/or third gender.
Preference for recipients who were awardedin the immediate prior year if such recipientcontinues to meet the eligibility requirementsand is in good academic standing.
ABOUT SWE AND SWE-HIThe Society of Women Engineers (SWE) is the
world’s largest advocate for women inengineering and technology. SWE helps over40,000 members to reach their full potential andchampions the value of diversity by being thecatalyst for change. SWE - Hawaiian IslandsSection (SWE-HI) works to advance genderparity and equality and hosts outreachprograms to inspire the next generation ofHawaii engineers. Find out more at hi.swe.org.
Mae NakataniNishioka PROF. KIM’S NEW BOOK ON
OCEAN RESOURCES NOWAVAILABLE
Can ocean thermal energy conversion andseawater utilization assist small islanddeveloping states? That’s just one of theimportant questions that a new book edited byCivil & Environmental Engineering ProfessorAlbert Kim asks. “Ocean Thermal EnergyConversion (OTEC): Past, Present, andProgress” is a fascinating read that readdressesthe past achievements, present developments,and future progress of ocean thermal energy,and dares the reader to consider how the worldcan advance the utilization of ocean resourcesgiven that the 21st century has beencharacterized as an era of natural resourcedepletion, causing humanity to be faced withseveral threats due to the lack of food, energy,and water. It highlights the fact that climatechange and sea-level rise are at unprecedentedlevels–phenomena that make predicting thefuture of ocean resources more complicated.
Associationfor theAdvancement ofCost EngineeringHAWAII SECTION
Hawaii Section 2019-2020 OFFICERSwww.aacehawaii.com
President Christopher Kanae
Vice Pres. Will Sparks, PSP
Secretary Yashaira Fletcher
Treasurer Jeanette Roberts
Dir. Soc. Med. Yong Shi, CCP
Cont. on the Board
of Directors Maelyn Uyehara (Past Pres.)
As a member of the Board of the Council ofEngineering and Scientific Specialty Boards(CESB), AACE International offers a range ofcertification levels from technician toprofessional to expertise level including CCT,CCP, CEP, EVP and PSP Certification Programs.
The local section, AACE Hawaii, wasoriginally established in 1973. It achieved boththe Platinum and Gold Award for sixconsecutive years 2014-2019. Our local areacontinues to achieve CCP, CEP, CST and PSPcertifications. For more information, please visithttp://web.aacei.org/certification and our localwebsite www.aacehawaii.com.
engineers andarchitects ofhawaii
founded 1902
PO. Box 1901, Honolulu, HI 96805-1901An association for Hawaii’s Engineers andArchitectsWEB address: www.eahawaii.org
EAH 2020 OfficersPresident Phil Blackman 282-79481st V. P. Rob Kinslow Treasurer Aaron Erickson 591-2728Secretary Sam Gillie Director Martin McMorrow 256-4713Director George Coates 234-5659Director Howard Wiig 587-3811Director Bill Brizee 523-9636Director Joe Feind Director Dave Martin 543-4504
Friday December 4 and January 8thVisit EAH WEB page for program details andlinks on EAH Programs at eahawaii.org.
EAH Zoom Meeting: November 6 FridaySpeaker: Sam Gillie, EAH Treasure – RetiredHawaiian Electric
Topic: "Zoom Basics"
Sam Gillie presented his Zoom cheat sheet forZoom meeting providing screen shots for doingthe following: Scheduling & Joining a Meeting;Testing Speakers & Mic – before joiningmeeting; Joining with Phone or ComputerAudio; Selecting Front or Back Camera;Changing your Name; Host – admittingparticipants; Testing Speakers & Mic duringmeeting; Main Settings Menu; VirtualBackgrounds – Green Screens – Download;Video Filters – Fun; Sending Meeting Invitewhile in Meeting; Sharing Screens; Using WhiteBoard with Participants; Recording Meetings;Change Host during Meeting; Change Hostwhen Leaving Meeting. The cheat sheet will beavailable at the eahawaii.org.�
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2020-2021 OfficersPresident: Jason Nikaido [email protected] Pres.: Shelle Silva [email protected]: Jon Baker [email protected]: Alicia Nakano [email protected] Pres.: Scott McAdam [email protected] Rep.: Herman Ellis III [email protected]. Delegate: Kyle Yukumoto [email protected]
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o PACNET started as the first packet-broadcasting satellite network linking sites inAlaska, Australia, California, Hawaii, and Japan.
o PACNET utilized the ALOHA protocol.
Inspired by ALOHAnet “ARPA initiated thePRNET project in 1973, funding both theoreticaland experimental research. Its goals wereoutlined by Bob Kahn, namely, to investigate thefeasibility of using packet-switched, store-and-forward radio communications to providereliable computer communications in a mobileenvironment.” PRNET goal was to address asignificantly harder set of problems notaddressed by ALOHAnet; specifically, multi-hopcommunications between mobile vehicleswithout a central station.
As a researcher, Dr. Abramson obtainedALOHAnet FY67 funding through Project Themisa Department of Defense (DoD) program thatwas established to fund “have-not” researchuniversities. DoD only funded research efforts attop tier universities at that time. Project THEMISprovided the largest amount of research projectfunds that the University of Hawaii had everreceived to fund the ALOHA System inSeptember 1968.
In addition to its research goals, the purposeof ALOHAnet was to solve a significant issue thatrequired a significant amount of funding —leased, dedicated telephone lines connectingthe University of Hawaii main campus mainframecomputer on Oahu to the terminals and remotesites on the other islands.
The University of Hawaii system consists of: amain campus on the island of Oahu; a four-yearcampus on the island of Hawaii; five two-yearcommunity colleges on the islands of Oahu,
ALOHAnet,continued from Page 1
Kauai, Maui, and Hawaii; and a number ofresearch institutes with operating unitsdistributed throughout the state. All of theUniversity of Hawaii facilities while residing ondifferent islands, are within a radius of 200 milesfrom the main campus located on the island ofOahu. The goal of the ALOHAnet (aka ALOHASystem) was to connect these geographicallyseparated facilities with relatively low-costcommercially available radio equipment
“The attitude that we had was that the existingtelephone network, which was used by people inthose days, was the wrong approach,”Abramson says. “The telephone network wassomething that was set in place at the end of the19th century, and we were at the end of the 20thcentury. We thought that radio communicationsmight be a good way to start on it.”
Today, with the exception of Wi-Fi (it utilizessingle channel communications), ALOHAchannels are utilized in all major mobile networksand in almost all two-way satellite data networksto establish the initial communications link.
UHM College of EngineeringDeans and ChairsDean Brennon MoriokaInt. Assoc. Dean David T. MaAssistant Dean Song K. ChoiCEE Chair Ian RobertsonEE Chair Wayne ShiromaME Co-Chairs Lloyd Hihara and Weilin QuHAWTI Dir. Magdy Iskander
2540 Dole Street, Holmes HallHonolulu, Hawaii 96822
This user is operating the ALOHAnet hubmachine, which uses a random accessprotocol to transmit packets over a sharedchannel.
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hdrinc.com
HIDA, OKAMOTO & ASSOCIATES, INC.CONSULTING CIVIL ENGINEERS
PACIFIC GUARDIAN TOWER 1440 Kapiolani Boulevard, Suite 1120Honolulu, Hawaii 96814Phone: (808) 942-0066Fax: (808) 947-7546
330 Ohukai Road, Suite 119Kihei, Hawaii 96753
Phone: (808) 875-7355 Fax: (808) 875-7122Email: [email protected]
GEOLABS, INC.Geotechnical Engineering and Drilling Services
2006 Kalihi StreetHonolulu, Hawaii 96819
Phone: 841-5064 Fax: 847-1749
MFA
MASA FUJIOKA & ASSOC.A PROFESSIONAL PARTNERSHIP
ENVIRONMENTAL • GEOTECHNICAL • HYDROGEOLOGICALCONSULTANTS
98-021 Kamehameha Highway, Suite 337 Aiea, Hawaii 96701-4914 Phone 808 484-5366 • Fax 808 484-0007 masa-fujioka-associates.com • [email protected]
When it’s RUST
Call us (808) 676-1963
www.corrosioncops.com
ControlPoint Surveying, Inc.Oahu: 615 Piikoi Street, Suite 700
Honolulu, Hawaii 96814Ph:(808)591-2022, Fax:(808)591-8333Email: [email protected]
Maui: 1129 Lower Main Street, Suite 102Wailuku, Hawaii 96793Ph:(808)242-9641Email: [email protected]
• Project Management • Planning •• Architectural/Engineering Design • Construction Management •
94-408 Akoki Street, Suite 201-A • Waipahu, Hawaii 96797Phone: 808.836.7787 • Telefax: 808.834.4833
Bills EnginEEring inc.
Civil Environmental Engineering
Tel: 808.792.2022
Fax: 808.792.2033
1124 Fort Street Mall
Suite 200
Honolulu, HI 96813
ENGINEERING • PLANNING • LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTUREENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING
bchdesign.com
NAGAMINE OKAWA ENGINEERS INC.CONSULTING STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS
1003 Bishop Street • Suite 2025Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
Phone: (808) 536-2626 • FAX: (808) 536-3926
ENGINEERS-SURVEYORS HAWAII, INC.(FORMERLY WILLIAM HEE & ASSOCIATES, INC.)
1320 N SCHOOL ST., STE 1HONOLULU, HAWAII 96817
Phone: 591-8116
Y. Ebisu & AssociatesAcoustical and Electronic Engineers
1126 12th Avenue, Room 305Honolulu, Hawaii 96816
(808) 735-1634
Professional Directory
HAWAII COUNCIL OFENGINEERING SOCIETIESP.O. Box 2873Honolulu, Hawaii 96802
RETURN SERVICE REQUESTED
www.hcdhawaii.com • [email protected]
Maui – Honolulu brownandcaldwell.com
Engineering Concepts, Inc. Civil /Environmental /Sanitary Engineers
1150 South King Street, Suite 700 • Honolulu, Hawaii 96814
Phone: (808) 591-8820 • Fax (808) 591-9010
Email: [email protected]
Hirata & Associates, Inc.
Geotechnical Engineering
808.486.0787
www.hirata-hawaii.com
SAM O. HIROTA, INC.Engineers & Surveyors
864 S. Beretania StreetHonolulu, Hawaii 96813
Telephone: 537-9971
MCE INTERNATIONAL, INC. MECHANICAL CONSULTING ENGINEERS
1360 S. Beretania Street, Suite 400, Honolulu, HI 96814 Phone: (808) 941-0955 Fax: (808) 550-8167 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.mceinternational.com
Pacific GeotechnicalEngineers, Inc.
Soils & Foundation Engineering Consultants94-417 Akoki Street
Waipahu, Hawaii 96797(808) 678-8024 FAX (808) 678-8722E-mail: [email protected]
SUITE 1500, PACIFIC PARK PLAZA711 KAPIOLANI BOULEVARDHONOLULU, HAWAII 96813TELEPHONE: (808) 593-1676FAX: (808) 593-1607EMAIL: [email protected]
Engineers, Surveyors, Planners
Sato & Associates, Inc. Consulting Engineers
Honolulu Maui
www.satoandassociates.com
The BLOCK Honolulu 707 Richards Street | Suite 528
Honolulu | Hawaii | 96813 P: 808.218.6030 | F: 808.488.3776
Direct: 808.218.6042
G
www.hartcrowser.com
7 Waterfront Plaza500 Ala Moana Boulevard, Suite 240Honolulu, HI 96813808.587.7747
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Geotechnical, Environmental, and Natural Resources Consulting
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