albany state university workshop steven gordon (sgordon...
TRANSCRIPT
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April 18, 2016
Computational Thinking
Albany State University Workshop Steven Gordon ([email protected])
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Getting started
• Login • Open file browser
– Go to documents – Open the Datasets folder
• http://hpcuniversity.org/trainingMaterials/211/
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Computational Science Skills
• Computational science provides skills needed in the present and future workforce – Understanding of modeling techniques that are used in
research and business – Data management skills – Analytical skills – Teamwork skills – Communications skills
• Inquiry-based education approach engages students in learning
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Acquiring the Appropriate Skills
• Begin with basic modeling skills – What is a model?
• Models of physical systems • Models of social systems
– How do you create a model? • Understanding cause and effect • Representing the relationships in mathematical terms
– How do you implement the model on the computer – How to you know if the model is “right”
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Steps Toward Competency
• Investigate how models have been used to gain insights about complex systems – Observe and manipulate built models on personal
computers
• Use modeling tools to add new components to existing models
• Build new models of interesting systems • Use the model to explore the system • Present results in writing and orally
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Progression of Technical Skills
• Using modeling tools on a personal computer • Learning programming skills • Advancing applied math skills • Applying skills to the student’s academic
major – Starting with simple models on personal
computers – Expanding to large-scale applications on
supercomputers
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Integrating Materials into the Curriculum
• Model competencies • http://hpcuniversity.org/educators/competen
cies/
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Goals for this Session
• Demonstrate the pedagogy for computational science education
• Progression of possible activities – Using complete models to demonstrate principles – Running models to gain insights into system
behavior – Modifying models to relax assumptions – Building new models
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What We Will Cover
• Introduce materials and models that can be incorporated for classroom use
• Introduce simple tools that can be used to build and demonstrate modeling techniques
• Provide a list of resources you can explore in detail later
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Reference Materials
• https://www.osc.edu/~sgordon –Choose Workshop Materials –Then Links to other materials
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Starting with Simple Models and Tools
• Can use simple models to illustrate modeling principles and definitions
• Models of change in space and/or time: HAVE = HAD + CHANGE • Which phenomena employ this basic concept? • Example – go to datasets folder • Open SimplePopulation.xls
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Mostly hidden Excel Capabilities
• Slider bar – Access via Developer menu – File/options/customize ribbon – Choose All tabs – move Developer and turn it on
• Insert Scroll Bar • Associate its value with a cell D11 • Value of 50 • Value of D8 is D11/100 • Close this spreadsheet
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Another simple model
• I am the average of my neighbors • Representation of a space by a matrix of
values representing location and adjacency – 2D or 3D
• What is modeled in this way?
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More Excel tricks
• Open saltdiffusion.xlsx – Note the matrix of numbers – Each cell is calculated as the average of its neighbors – In D5 insert 50 or = B5 – Note the change of color – Now use the F9 key to incrementally calculate the results
• Turned calculation to manual • Added formatting to cells based on value
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More Examples
• Examples from several of the tools we will be using in this workshop along with lesson plans
• http://www.shodor.org/talks-new/
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Getting Started
• Point your browser here:
• https://www.osc.edu/~sgordon –Choose Workshop Materials –Then Links to other materials
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Built Models You Can Use in Classroom
• Scroll down the list to Java Applets – Choose histogram – Ability to examine the impact of categorization on
the description of a distribution
• Now scroll to Resources for Computational Modeling – Find Shared science instructional modules - PHET
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Explore Other Relevant Examples
• Look at sites relevant to your discipline – Computational physics – Computational chemistry – More Shodor examples – Engineering – Economics – And so on
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Systems Model Tools
• There are several systems modeling packages that can provide similar learning experiences
• iThink; Berkeley Madonna; Stella • Vensim
– Free education version – Graphical user interface to modeling
• Open bunnycomparison.mdl
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Some Sketch Tools
Auxiliary Variable (constant) Box Variable (Level) Arrow (connects cause and effect) Rate
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More Vensim Examples
• Other examples – Advanced SIR – Pharma model
• Can save runs under different names • Compare runs on the same graph • Interactively change parameters to find a
target
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Explore Other Built Models
• http://www.shodor.org/talks-new/vensim/
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Not So Secret Agent
• What is an agent? – An autonomous entity that acts according to a set of rules
or constraints – Multiple agents are involved in complex systems, each
acting in a particular way – Agents that “meet” then interact to produce another set
of outcomes – The resulting outcomes are often different than one would
expect due to the complexity of the interactions – Most agent-based models introduce the idea of
randomness in the interaction rules – i.e. Monte Carlo simulations
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Some Modeling Conveniences
• Agents can act both in space and in time – Explicit spatial movement is often important to
accurately represent some phenomena – More difficult to do with other approaches – More realistic representations of spatial
phenomena are possible
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Some Examples
• Spatially explicit models of the spread of disease
• Growth of urban areas • Supply chain optimization • Human cell and immune system models • Biochemical processes • Consumer behavior and economics models
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Tools
• AgentSheets • Netlogo • StarLogo • Repast (with a supercomputer version) • Swarm
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Agent Models Tell A Story
• Should describe the behaviors before model building
• Example of simple disease model – Agents: People – People are either healthy or sick – For a contagious disease, what is the story of the
interaction of healthy and sick people?
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Let’s Demonstrate
• Go to the list of links – Scroll down to Java applets – Click on Spread of Disease
• Second example – Forest fire
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Defining Agent Behavior
• Login to www.agentcubesonline.com – Username shodor2 – Password: sh0d0r1f1c
• Click on AgentCubes logo at top • Type rpanoff in the search box at bottom • Click on 21 projects • Choose SIR
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Story behind this model
• Agents with two states • If they “meet” there is some probability that a
healthy person will become sick • Examine the program syntax • Click on the Person Agent
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Second Example
• Go back to the list of projects for rpanoff • Choose Flat_fire • Note there are trees with three states • Story behind this model
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Running the Model
• Click on the finger in the pallet on the Worksheet window then a tree and Run – Observe the behavior – what is the result? – Click Stop then Reset – Now change the burnprob on Simulation
Properties to 5.0 – How do the results compare?
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Agents and Behavior
• Agents can have several states – E.G. Tree – green, on fire, burnt over black – Each state has an editable depiction
• Right click on the tree or click the tree and use the Gallery – Edit Behavior – Simple graphical programming environment
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Two Version of Product
• AgentSheets – Workstation version for Windows and Mac
• AgentCubes online • Both are commercial products • Pros and cons
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Moving to Supercomputer Scale
• Once students understand the basic principles of a particular type of model – can scale models to run on supercomputers
• Use community codes or science gateways • Approach the problems in a similar way
– Make multiple runs to understand system behavior
– Pose problems that change a finite set of model parameters to answer specific questions
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Other Education and Training Resources
• hpcuniversity.org • Online training • Summer workshops • XSEDE collaborative online courses • Journal of Computational Science Education • ACM SIGHPC Chapter
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Questions and Discussion
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Reference Materials Reminder
• https://www.osc.edu/~sgordon –Choose Workshop Materials –Then Links to other materials
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Session evaluation – Computational Thinking • http://bit.ly/albanystate
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