alan brinkley, american history 13/e -...

Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e13/e

Chapter Five: Chapter Five: The American RevolutionThe American Revolution

Chapter Five: Chapter Five:

The American RevolutionThe American Revolution IntroductionIntroduction

Key Political QuestionsKey Political Questions Seven Year’s War – 1756-1763Seven Year’s War – 1756-1763

Increased Taxes on the ColoniesIncreased Taxes on the Colonies

Sugar Act-1764Sugar Act-1764

Stamp Act-1765Stamp Act-1765

Boston Massacre-1770 Boston Massacre-1770

Tea Act-1773Tea Act-1773

First Continental Congress-1774First Continental Congress-1774

Independence Hall (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

2 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.


The American RevolutionThe American Revolution

Common Sense (Library of Congress)

The States UnitedThe States United– Defining American Defining American

War AimsWar Aims Olive Branch PetitionOlive Branch Petition Common Sense- Jan. 1776Common Sense- Jan. 1776 Tom PaineTom Paine



The American RevolutionThe American Revolution The States UnitedThe States United

– The Decision for IndependenceThe Decision for Independence The Declaration of Independence-July4The Declaration of Independence-July4 thth,1776,1776 Referenced Previous DocumentsReferenced Previous Documents John LockeJohn Locke

Thomas Jefferson (Library of Congress)

The Declaration (NARA)

4 .



– Responses to IndependenceResponses to Independence Divided AmericansDivided Americans Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation Weak Central/National GovernmentWeak Central/National Government No ExecutiveNo Executive No JudiciaryNo Judiciary

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– Mobilizing for WarMobilizing for War Financing the WarFinancing the War General George General George

WashingtonWashington Supported by PatriotsSupported by Patriots Foreign AssistanceForeign Assistance French SupportFrench Support French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War

George Washington at Valley Forge (The Palma Collection / Getty Images)

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The American RevolutionThe American RevolutionThe War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

American AdvantagesAmerican Advantages Greater Commitment to War EffortGreater Commitment to War Effort

–The First Phase: New EnglandThe First Phase: New England Bunker Hill- June 1775Bunker Hill- June 1775 Heavy CasualtiesHeavy Casualties Lexington and Concord- April 1775Lexington and Concord- April 1775 Invasion of CanadaInvasion of Canada Daniel MorganDaniel Morgan

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The Revolution in the North, 1775-17768


The American RevolutionThe American Revolution The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence

– The Second Phase: The Second Phase:

The Mid-Atlantic RegionThe Mid-Atlantic Region British Take New YorkBritish Take New York Britain’s StrategyBritain’s Strategy Crossing of the Delaware RiverCrossing of the Delaware River German HessiansGerman Hessians Gen. BurgoyneGen. Burgoyne Patriot Victory Patriot Victory

at Saratogaat Saratoga British BlundersBritish Blunders

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The Revolution in the Middle Colonies, 1776-177810



American Allies

British Allies

Oneida

Cayuga

Tuscaro Seneca

Mohawk

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence– The Iroquois and the BritishThe Iroquois and the British

Divisions in the Iroquois ConfederacyDivisions in the Iroquois Confederacy Iroquois NeutralityIroquois Neutrality

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– Securing Aid from AbroadSecuring Aid from Abroad Militia DiplomatsMilitia Diplomats Pivotal French AidPivotal French Aid

Benjamin Franklin (Portrait Gallery)

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British surrender to Washington (Library of Congress)

The War for IndependenceThe War for Independence– The Final Phase: The SouthThe Final Phase: The South

Revolutionary Consequences of the SouthernRevolutionary Consequences of the SouthernCampaignCampaign

Capture of CharlestonCapture of Charleston Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene Battle of Yorktown-1781Battle of Yorktown-1781

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14The Revolution in the South, 1778-1781



– Winning the PeaceWinning the Peace Treaty of Paris-1783Treaty of Paris-1783 John Adams and John JayJohn Adams and John Jay

A map presented to Benjamin Franklin by the Royal Cartographer of France, showing the 1783 Treaty boundaries (Ro15


The American RevolutionThe American Revolution War and SocietyWar and Society

– Loyalists and MinoritiesLoyalists and Minorities The Loyalists’ PlightThe Loyalists’ Plight One-third of Colonial Pop.One-third of Colonial Pop. Disestablishment of Disestablishment of

the Anglican Churchthe Anglican Church

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Tarring and Feathering (Library of Congress)



– The War and SlaveryThe War and Slavery African-American Desire for FreedomAfrican-American Desire for Freedom Encouraged by British to Run AwayEncouraged by British to Run Away Tension between Liberty and SlaveryTension between Liberty and Slavery

– Native Americans and the RevolutionNative Americans and the Revolution Taking SidesTaking Sides Growing Divisions Among the IndiansGrowing Divisions Among the Indians

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– Women’s Rights and Women’s RolesWomen’s Rights and Women’s Roles Women of the ArmyWomen of the Army Calls for Women’s RightsCalls for Women’s Rights A Strengthened Patriarchal StructureA Strengthened Patriarchal Structure




Women of the Revolution (Library of Congress)

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– The War EconomyThe War Economy New Patterns of TradeNew Patterns of Trade



The American RevolutionThe American Revolution The Creation of State GovernmentsThe Creation of State Governments

– The Assumptions of RepublicanismThe Assumptions of Republicanism Importance of Civic VirtueImportance of Civic Virtue Persistent InequalityPersistent Inequality Equality of OpportunityEquality of Opportunity Slavery Banned in Penn.Slavery Banned in Penn.

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“All men are created equal…”



– The First State ConstitutionsThe First State Constitutions Written Constitutions and Strong LegislaturesWritten Constitutions and Strong Legislatures Separation between Executive and LegislatureSeparation between Executive and Legislature

– Revising State GovernmentsRevising State Governments Shift to Strong ExecutivesShift to Strong Executives Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty-1786Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty-1786 Separation of Church and StateSeparation of Church and State

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– Toleration and SlaveryToleration and Slavery Statute of Religious LibertyStatute of Religious Liberty Virginia-1786Virginia-1786

Maintaining slavery is like holding a “wolf by the ears…”

Thomas Jefferson

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The American RevolutionThe American Revolution The Search for a National GovernmentThe Search for a National Government

– The Confederation-1777The Confederation-1777 Limited Power of the National GovernmentLimited Power of the National Government No Executive or JudiciaryNo Executive or Judiciary Unicameral CongressUnicameral Congress Congress could borrow and issue moneyCongress could borrow and issue money One vote per StateOne vote per State

– Diplomatic FailuresDiplomatic Failures Postwar Disputes with Britain and SpainPostwar Disputes with Britain and Spain Regional Differences over Diplomatic PolicyRegional Differences over Diplomatic Policy

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26 The Conflict Over Western Lands



– The Confederation and the NorthwestThe Confederation and the Northwest The Land Ordinances of 1784 and 1785The Land Ordinances of 1784 and 1785 Admission of new States to the UnionAdmission of new States to the Union The GridThe Grid Northwest Ordinance-1787Northwest Ordinance-1787

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28 Land Survey: Ordinance of 1785



– Indians and the Western LandsIndians and the Western Lands Victories by Little TurtleVictories by Little Turtle

Battle of Fallen TimbersBattle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of Greenville-1795Treaty of Greenville-1795

– Debts, Taxes, and Daniel ShaysDebts, Taxes, and Daniel Shays Postwar DepressionPostwar Depression Political Disputes over Economic IssuesPolitical Disputes over Economic Issues Shay’s RebellionShay’s Rebellion Displayed Weakness of National Govt.Displayed Weakness of National Govt.

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The American RevolutionThe American RevolutionWhere Historians Disagree:Where Historians Disagree:




The American RevolutionThe American RevolutionAmerica in the World:America in the World:

The Age of RevolutionsThe Age of Revolutions
